CN215419692U - Battery management unit and distributed battery management system - Google Patents

Battery management unit and distributed battery management system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN215419692U
CN215419692U CN202122155680.2U CN202122155680U CN215419692U CN 215419692 U CN215419692 U CN 215419692U CN 202122155680 U CN202122155680 U CN 202122155680U CN 215419692 U CN215419692 U CN 215419692U
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battery
bypass
charging
controlled
battery management
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闵歆
汪学锋
陈圣金
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Zhengtai Anneng Digital Energy Zhejiang Co ltd
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Zhejiang Zhengtai Anneng Electric Power System Engineering Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery management unit and a distributed battery management system, which comprise a controller, a battery power supply loop, a charging fault bypass and a discharging fault bypass; the battery power supply loop, the charging fault bypass and the discharging fault bypass are connected in parallel; the battery power supply loop comprises a master control switch; the master control switch is connected with the controlled battery in series; the charging fault bypass comprises a charging bypass switch and a current limiter which are connected in series; the discharge fault bypass includes a discharge bypass switch; the controller is connected with the controlled battery and used for monitoring the working state of the controlled battery. The battery management unit can be switched to the corresponding bypass when the controlled battery fails, the controlled battery with the failure is separated from the battery pack, the phenomenon that the charging and discharging of the whole battery pack are influenced by unstable current and voltage caused by the failed battery is avoided, and the charging and discharging efficiency and the charging and discharging stability of the battery pack are further guaranteed.

Description

Battery management unit and distributed battery management system
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of power management, and in particular, to a battery management unit and a distributed battery management system.
Background
The storage battery plays a key role in a photovoltaic energy storage system, and the storage battery charging and discharging control technology plays an important role in prolonging the service life of the storage battery and reducing the cost of a storage battery energy management system. The storage battery in actual use is formed by connecting a series of independent batteries in series, and may be called a battery pack, and may be charged and discharged hundreds or thousands of times. During use, attention should be paid to parameters such as different characteristics of each battery, battery temperature, remaining battery capacity, and total current, since these parameters directly affect the life of the battery. These parameters need to be optimized and controlled effectively to avoid overcharge, overdischarge and temperature problems. In the management of cells for a battery pack, if one of the cells has a fading problem or other failure, the charging and discharging efficiency of the entire battery pack will be affected, and even a danger will be caused.
Therefore, how to solve the problem that the normal operation of the whole battery pack is affected when a single battery is attenuated or fails in the prior art is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a battery management unit and a distributed battery management system, which are used for solving the problems of the prior art that the overall efficiency of a battery pack is reduced and even the overall fault is caused by the fault of an individual battery in the battery pack.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a battery management unit, which includes a controller, a battery power supply loop, a charging fault bypass, and a discharging fault bypass;
the battery power supply loop, the charging fault bypass and the discharging fault bypass are connected in parallel;
the battery power supply loop comprises a master control switch; the master control switch is connected with the controlled battery in series;
the charging fault bypass comprises a charging bypass switch and a current limiter which are connected in series;
the discharge fault bypass includes a discharge bypass switch;
the controller is connected with the controlled battery and used for monitoring the working state of the controlled battery.
Optionally, in the battery management unit, a capacitor connected in parallel with the battery power supply circuit is further included.
Optionally, in the battery management unit, the capacitor is a super capacitor.
Optionally, in the battery management unit, an isolation groove is further included;
the isolation groove is used for placing the controlled battery.
Optionally, in the battery management unit, the isolation groove is a high-temperature-resistant fireproof isolation groove.
Optionally, in the battery management unit, the current limiter is a current limiting resistor.
Optionally, in the battery management unit, the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor is the same as the internal resistance of the controlled battery.
Optionally, in the battery management unit, at least one of the master switch, the charging bypass switch and the discharging bypass switch is an overload protection switch.
A distributed battery management system comprising a plurality of battery management units as described in any of the above;
the battery management units correspond to the controlled batteries in the controlled battery pack one to one.
The battery management unit provided by the utility model comprises a controller, a battery power supply loop, a charging fault bypass and a discharging fault bypass; the battery power supply loop, the charging fault bypass and the discharging fault bypass are connected in parallel; the battery power supply loop comprises a master control switch; the master control switch is connected with the controlled battery in series; the charging fault bypass comprises a charging bypass switch and a current limiter which are connected in series; the discharge fault bypass includes a discharge bypass switch; the controller is connected with the controlled battery and used for monitoring the working state of the controlled battery.
According to the utility model, the charging fault bypass and the discharging fault bypass are connected in parallel on the side of the battery power supply loop connected with the controlled battery, so that the battery management unit can be switched to the corresponding bypass when the controlled battery fails, the controlled battery with the fault is separated from the battery pack, the influence of unstable current and voltage caused by the fault battery on the charging and discharging of the whole battery pack is avoided, and the charging and discharging efficiency and the charging and discharging stability of the battery pack are further ensured. The utility model also provides a distributed battery management system with the beneficial effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a battery management unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a battery management unit according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a distributed battery management system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
There are problems with conventional distributed battery management systems. For example, when the battery is discharged, if the single battery in the battery pack has problems such as degradation, failure or critical power level, the discharge process of the entire battery pack is terminated for safety. The total energy of the series string will be limited by the bad state of one cell and the energy stored in the other high capacity cell will no longer be available. In addition, in the series battery system, the faulty battery is reversely charged during the discharging process, which results in the occurrence of dangerous accidents, and how to solve the above problems will be described below.
Therefore, the novel distributed battery management control system is provided, the bypass switch is added into the battery unit, and if the battery is detected to have faults in the charging and discharging process, the battery related battery pack is cut off immediately, so that the energy efficiency of the battery unit is greatly improved, and the stability of the system is also ensured.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the utility model, and not restrictive of the full scope of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The core of the present invention is to provide a battery management unit 100, a schematic structural diagram of one specific embodiment of which is shown in fig. 1, including a controller COM, a battery power supply loop, a charging fault bypass, and a discharging fault bypass;
the battery power supply loop, the charging fault bypass and the discharging fault bypass are connected in parallel;
the battery power supply loop comprises a master control switch K1; the master control switch K1 is connected with the controlled battery V1 in series;
the charge fault bypass comprises a charge bypass switch K3 and a current limiter R1;
the discharge fault bypass includes a discharge bypass switch K2;
the controller COM is connected with the controlled battery V1 and is used for monitoring the working state of the controlled battery V1.
When the controlled battery V1 works normally, the master control switch K1 is closed, and the charging bypass switch K3 and the discharging bypass switch K2 are opened; when the controlled battery V1 is in a charging state and is in a fault or is about to be fully charged, the charging bypass switch K3 is closed, and the master switch K1 and the discharging bypass switch K2 are opened; when the controlled battery V1 is in a discharging state and a fault occurs or the electric quantity is about to be exhausted, the discharging bypass switch K2 is closed, and the master control switch K1 and the charging bypass switch K3 are opened.
As a preferred embodiment, when it is required to switch from the battery power supply circuit to the charging fault bypass or the discharging fault bypass, the master control switch K1 is opened first, and then the corresponding bypass switch is closed.
It should be noted that it is a mature technology to monitor the operating state of the controlled battery V1 through the controller COM, and the controller COM may correspond to the controlled battery V1 one by one, or may be a plurality of batteries in a battery pack corresponding to one controller COM; the controlled battery V1 can be controlled by the controller COM in different states, that is, the controller COM is respectively connected with the master switch K1, the charging bypass switch K3 and the discharging bypass switch K2 in signal connection, and the switches are controlled according to the working state of the controlled battery V1, or after the controller COM obtains the working state of the controlled battery V1, the master switch K1, the charging bypass switch K3 and the discharging bypass switch K2 can be manually controlled by a worker, and certainly, other modes can be selected to control the switches according to the actual situation.
As a preferred embodiment, the device further comprises an isolation groove; the isolation groove is used for placing the controlled battery V1 and isolating the controlled battery V1 from other elements in the battery management unit 100. Furthermore, the isolation groove is a high-temperature-resistant fireproof isolation groove, such as an isolation groove made of any one of Polyurethane (PU), Polyethylene (PE) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). In the working process of the battery, the battery pack can generate a large amount of heat, if the heat cannot be timely processed, the service life of the battery is inevitably influenced, the stability of the battery pack can also be influenced to a certain degree, and when the working temperature is too high, explosion can even be caused, so that the controlled battery V1 is isolated by the isolation groove, the safety of other components in a circuit can be guaranteed, the harm caused by explosion is reduced, and the property loss caused by accidents is avoided.
Preferably, at least one of the master control switch K1, the charging bypass switch K3 and the discharging bypass switch K2 is an overload protection switch; the overload protection switch can prevent the power circuit from being overheated due to overload, and further causes the device to be damaged, and the overload protection switch can further improve the working stability of the system and reduce the accident probability. Of course, further, the general control switch K1, the charging bypass switch K3 and the discharging bypass switch K2 are all the overload protection switches.
The battery management unit provided by the utility model comprises a controller COM, a battery power supply loop, a charging fault bypass and a discharging fault bypass; the battery power supply loop, the charging fault bypass and the discharging fault bypass are connected in parallel; the battery power supply loop comprises a master control switch K1; the master control switch K1 is connected with the controlled battery V1 in series; the charge fault bypass comprises a charge bypass switch K3 and a current limiter R1; the discharge fault bypass includes a discharge bypass switch K2; the controller COM is connected with the controlled battery V1 and is used for monitoring the working state of the controlled battery V1. According to the utility model, the charging fault bypass and the discharging fault bypass are connected in parallel on the side of the battery power supply loop connected with the controlled battery V1, so that the battery management unit can be switched to the corresponding bypass when the controlled battery V1 has a fault, the controlled battery V1 with the fault is separated from the battery pack, the phenomenon that the charging and discharging of the whole battery pack is influenced by the unstable current and voltage caused by the fault battery is avoided, and the charging and discharging efficiency and the charging and discharging stability of the battery pack are further ensured.
In addition, it should be noted that, not only the charge-discharge efficiency of the entire battery pack is affected when the controlled battery V1 fails, but also the charge-discharge efficiency of the battery pack is decreased when the individual batteries in the battery pack are charged or discharged too fast, for example, in the charging process, since the higher the battery capacity is, the more difficult the subsequent charging is, if the electric capacity of the individual battery exceeds a certain threshold value, the charging speed of the entire battery pack is restricted, at this time, the charging fault bypass is closed to isolate the almost full battery, and the other batteries in the battery pack which are not fully charged can maintain a high charging speed.
On the basis of the first embodiment, the battery management unit 100 is further improved to obtain a second embodiment, and a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and includes a controller COM, a battery power supply loop, a charging fault bypass, and a discharging fault bypass;
the battery power supply loop, the charging fault bypass and the discharging fault bypass are connected in parallel;
the battery power supply loop comprises a master control switch K1; the master control switch K1 is connected with the controlled battery V1 in series;
the charge fault bypass comprises a charge bypass switch K3 and a current limiter R1;
the discharge fault bypass includes a discharge bypass switch K2;
the controller COM is connected with the controlled battery V1 and is used for monitoring the working state of the controlled battery V1;
when the controlled battery V1 works normally, the master control switch K1 is closed, and the charging bypass switch K3 and the discharging bypass switch K2 are opened; when the controlled battery V1 is in a charging state and is in a fault or is about to be fully charged, the charging bypass switch K3 is closed, and the master switch K1 and the discharging bypass switch K2 are opened; when the controlled battery V1 is in a discharging state and a fault occurs or the electric quantity is about to be exhausted, the discharging bypass switch K2 is closed, and the master control switch K1 and the charging bypass switch K3 are opened;
also included is a capacitor C1 in parallel with the battery supply loop.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, a capacitor C1 is additionally disposed in the battery management unit 100, and the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the battery power supply loop, the charging fault bypass, and the discharging fault bypass.
It should be noted that, in actual operation, if the controlled battery V1 fails, it is difficult for the master switch K1 and the bypass switches to operate simultaneously, and generally, the master switch K1 is first turned off, and then the corresponding bypass switches are turned on, which may cause the whole battery management unit 100 to be in an open-circuit state after the master switch K1 is turned off and before the discharge bypass switch K2 is turned on during discharge, which may cause an output current to have a neutral position.
After the capacitor C1 is additionally arranged in the present embodiment, since a certain amount of charges are stored on two pole plates of the capacitor C1 under the action of voltage during normal operation, after the master control switch K1 is turned off and before the discharge bypass switch K2 is turned on, the charges on the capacitor C1 are released to supply power to the outside instead of the controlled battery V1, so that the output current neutral position is filled, and the output current stability is ensured.
Further, the capacitor C1 is a super capacitor C1; the super capacitor C1 is a novel energy storage device between the conventional capacitor C1 and the rechargeable battery, and has the characteristics of rapid charging and discharging of the capacitor C1 and the energy storage characteristics of the battery, and compared with a common capacitor, the super capacitor C1 can store a larger amount of electric charge and ensure a longer-time current output, so that in the process of switching from a battery power supply loop to a discharge fault bypass in the battery management unit 100, a current neutral position is less likely to occur.
On the basis of the second embodiment, the battery management unit 100 is further improved to obtain a third embodiment, and a schematic structural diagram of the third embodiment is as shown in the above specific embodiments, and includes a controller COM, a battery power supply loop, a charging fault bypass, and a discharging fault bypass;
the battery power supply loop, the charging fault bypass and the discharging fault bypass are connected in parallel;
the battery power supply loop comprises a master control switch K1; the master control switch K1 is connected with the controlled battery V1 in series;
the charge fault bypass comprises a charge bypass switch K3 and a current limiter R1;
the discharge fault bypass includes a discharge bypass switch K2;
the controller COM is connected with the controlled battery V1 and is used for monitoring the working state of the controlled battery V1;
when the controlled battery V1 works normally, the master control switch K1 is closed, and the charging bypass switch K3 and the discharging bypass switch K2 are opened; when the controlled battery V1 is in a charging state and is in a fault or is about to be fully charged, the charging bypass switch K3 is closed, and the master switch K1 and the discharging bypass switch K2 are opened; when the controlled battery V1 is in a discharging state and a fault occurs or the electric quantity is about to be exhausted, the discharging bypass switch K2 is closed, and the master control switch K1 and the charging bypass switch K3 are opened;
the current limiter R1 is a current limiting resistor;
the resistance value of the current limiting resistor is the same as the internal resistance of the controlled battery V1.
In this embodiment, the current limiter R1 is further defined as a current limiting resistor, and the resistance of the current limiting resistor is defined to be the same as the internal resistance of the controlled battery V1; of course, other electrical devices that can perform the current limiting effect can be selected as the current limiter R1 according to actual needs, and are not limited herein.
When the controlled battery V1 is about to be fully charged or fails, the actually connected line of the battery management unit 100 is a charging fault bypass, and the current limiter R1 is limited to a resistor with a resistance equivalent to the internal resistance of the controlled power supply, so that the total resistance value of the whole charging path is not changed, the charging current and the voltage divided by other batteries in the battery pack are not changed, the charging efficiency of the whole battery pack is not affected, and the total resistance in the circuit is reduced after the controlled battery V1 without a fault is isolated, so that the current is increased, the charging safety hazard of other batteries is caused, and the charging stability is further improved.
The present invention further provides a distributed battery management system, a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of which is shown in fig. 3, the distributed battery management system includes a plurality of battery management units 100 as described in any one of the above; the battery management units 100 correspond one-to-one to the controlled batteries V1 in the group of controlled batteries V1.
The battery management unit provided by the utility model comprises a controller COM, a battery power supply loop, a charging fault bypass and a discharging fault bypass; the battery power supply loop, the charging fault bypass and the discharging fault bypass are connected in parallel; the battery power supply loop comprises a master control switch K1; the master control switch K1 is connected with the controlled battery V1 in series; the charge fault bypass comprises a charge bypass switch K3 and a current limiter R1; the discharge fault bypass includes a discharge bypass switch K2; the controller COM is connected with the controlled battery V1 and is used for monitoring the working state of the controlled battery V1. According to the utility model, the charging fault bypass and the discharging fault bypass are connected in parallel on the side of the battery power supply loop connected with the controlled battery V1, so that the battery management unit can be switched to the corresponding bypass when the controlled battery V1 has a fault, the controlled battery V1 with the fault is separated from the battery pack, the phenomenon that the charging and discharging of the whole battery pack is influenced by the unstable current and voltage caused by the fault battery is avoided, and the charging and discharging efficiency and the charging and discharging stability of the battery pack are further ensured.
Specifically, the distributed battery management system generally collects voltage and temperature through the slave board, and simultaneously performs communication, data processing and management functions through the master board. The current distributed battery management system mainly comprises the following functional components: the system has the advantages of good compatibility and more flexible installation, and has a monitoring function, a control function, a state estimation function, a fault diagnosis and alarm function and the like.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
It is to be noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The battery management unit 100 and the distributed battery management system provided by the present invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A battery management unit is characterized by comprising a controller, a battery power supply loop, a charging fault bypass and a discharging fault bypass;
the battery power supply loop, the charging fault bypass and the discharging fault bypass are connected in parallel;
the battery power supply loop comprises a master control switch; the master control switch is connected with the controlled battery in series;
the charging fault bypass comprises a charging bypass switch and a current limiter which are connected in series;
the discharge fault bypass includes a discharge bypass switch;
the controller is connected with the controlled battery and used for monitoring the working state of the controlled battery.
2. The battery management unit of claim 1, further comprising a capacitor in parallel with the battery supply loop.
3. The battery management unit of claim 2, wherein the capacitor is a supercapacitor.
4. The battery management unit of claim 1, further comprising an isolation slot;
the isolation groove is used for placing the controlled battery.
5. The battery management unit of claim 4, wherein the isolation groove is a high temperature resistant, fire resistant isolation groove.
6. The battery management unit of claim 1, wherein the current limiter is a current limiting resistor.
7. The battery management unit of claim 6, wherein the current limiting resistor has a resistance that is the same as the internal resistance of the controlled battery.
8. The battery management unit of claim 1, wherein at least one of the global control switch, the charging bypass switch, and the discharging bypass switch is an overload protection switch.
9. A distributed battery management system, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of battery management units according to any of claims 1 to 8;
the battery management units correspond to the controlled batteries in the controlled battery pack one to one.
CN202122155680.2U 2021-09-07 2021-09-07 Battery management unit and distributed battery management system Active CN215419692U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202122155680.2U CN215419692U (en) 2021-09-07 2021-09-07 Battery management unit and distributed battery management system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202122155680.2U CN215419692U (en) 2021-09-07 2021-09-07 Battery management unit and distributed battery management system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN215419692U true CN215419692U (en) 2022-01-04

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Address after: Room 202, Building 1, No. 1335, Bin'an Road, Puyan Street, Binjiang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310000

Patentee after: Zhengtai Anneng Digital Energy (Zhejiang) Co.,Ltd.

Address before: Room 101, building B, building 1, 1335 Bin'an Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province

Patentee before: ZHEJIANG ZHENGTAI ANNENG ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd.

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