CN215393761U

CN215393761U - Main shaft and machine tool

Info

Publication number: CN215393761U
Application number: CN202121942420.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈映壮; 陈卢生; 赵桢; 耿继青; 王攀; 戴琛
Original assignee: Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Current assignee: Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Priority date: 2021-08-18
Filing date: 2021-08-18
Publication date: 2022-01-04
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-18

Abstract

The utility model provides a spindle and a machine tool, wherein the spindle comprises a spindle core and a spindle loosening broach mechanism, the spindle core is provided with a central through hole extending along the axial direction of the spindle core, the spindle loosening broach mechanism comprises a pull rod, the pull rod is positioned in the central through hole and can be controlled to reciprocate along the axial direction of the spindle core, the spindle loosening broach mechanism also comprises an anti-rotation device, at least part of the anti-rotation device is positioned at the outer side of one axial end of the spindle core and is detachably connected with the spindle core, and the anti-rotation device can prevent the pull rod from rotating around the central axis of the spindle core and can allow the pull rod to reciprocate along the axial direction of the spindle core. According to the utility model, the anti-rotation device is detachably connected to the outer side of one axial end of the shaft core, namely the anti-rotation device is an external structure, when the anti-rotation device needs to be maintained, the anti-rotation device only needs to be detached and maintained on the outer side of the main shaft, and the maintenance difficulty is greatly reduced.

Description

Main shaft and machine tool

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of main shaft manufacturing, and particularly relates to a main shaft and a machine tool.

Background

When the spindle motor rotates at a high speed, particularly when the spindle motor is frequently switched between forward rotation and reverse rotation, the circumferential displacement of parts is easy to occur on parts in the spindle under the condition of no relative fixation; when the main shaft is in the process of loosening or broaching, the spring can rotate at a certain angle around the central axis of the main shaft, and the rotation of the spring can cause the loosening and broaching mechanism to rotate relative to the shaft core.

The loose broach mechanism and the shaft core rotate relatively, and the loose broach mechanism and the shaft core are abraded to different degrees in the long-term replacement process of the tool shank of the spindle, so that the service life of parts is influenced. The movable related parts have uncertain relative position changes, and the original dynamic balance setting of the main shaft is damaged. The vibration becomes large when the main shaft runs, and the unbalance amount of the main shaft becomes large.

In the prior art, in order to prevent relative rotation between the loose broach mechanism and the shaft core, anti-rotation structures such as key grooves are additionally arranged between the shaft core and the pull rod of the loose broach mechanism, but the anti-rotation structures are mostly arranged in the shaft core, once the related parts are seriously worn or blocked, the built-in mode can be maintained only by detaching a plurality of parts, and the difficulty of later maintenance is increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Therefore, the utility model provides a spindle and a machine tool, which can overcome the defect that in the prior art, an anti-rotation device is arranged in a spindle core, and when maintenance is needed, parts need to be disassembled, so that the maintenance difficulty is large.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a spindle, including a spindle core, a spindle release broach mechanism, where the spindle core has a central through hole extending along an axial direction of the spindle core, the spindle release broach mechanism includes a pull rod, the pull rod is located in the central through hole and can be controlled to reciprocate along the axial direction of the spindle core, and further includes an anti-rotation device, at least a part of the anti-rotation device is located outside one axial end of the spindle core and is detachably connected to the spindle core, and the anti-rotation device can prevent the pull rod from rotating around a central axis of the spindle core and can allow the pull rod to reciprocate along the axial direction of the spindle core.

Preferably, the rotation-preventing device comprises a pull rod stop block and a circumferential displacement limiting piece, wherein the circumferential displacement limiting piece is fixedly connected with one axial end of the shaft core, the pull rod stop block is fixedly connected with the pull rod, the pull rod stop block is provided with a convex column, the circumferential displacement limiting piece is provided with a first through hole, and the convex column is inserted into the first through hole.

Preferably, the first through hole is a waist-shaped through hole, and the cross section of the convex column is matched with the waist-shaped through hole.

Preferably, the number of the first through holes is at least two, the at least two first through holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the shaft core at intervals, and the number of the convex columns is equal to that of the first through holes.

Preferably, the rotation preventing device further includes a nut screwed to an outer peripheral side of the one axial end of the shaft core, the circumferential displacement defining member being detachably attached to the nut.

Preferably, the circumferential displacement limiter includes a connecting disc on which the first through hole is formed and a guide cylinder at the center of the connecting disc and extending in the axial direction of the shaft core, and the end of the pull rod is capable of reciprocating within the guide cylinder.

Preferably, a first sealing ring is arranged between the guide cylinder and the outer peripheral wall of the pull rod; and/or a second sealing ring is arranged between the connecting disc and the outer peripheral wall of the shaft core.

Preferably, a first ring groove is formed in one side, facing the pull rod, of the guide cylinder, and the first sealing ring is installed in the first ring groove; and/or, one side of the connecting disc towards the shaft core is provided with a second ring groove, and the second sealing ring is arranged in the second ring groove.

Preferably, the convex column is provided with a first connecting hole and/or a second through hole on the end surface close to one side of the circumferential displacement limiting piece.

The utility model also provides a machine tool which comprises the spindle.

According to the spindle and the machine tool, the anti-rotation device is detachably connected to the outer side of one axial end of the spindle core, namely the anti-rotation device is of an external structure, when the anti-rotation device needs to be maintained, the anti-rotation device only needs to be detached and maintained on the outer side of the spindle, and the maintenance difficulty is greatly reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view (partially disassembled) of a spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the spindle of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the pull rod block shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a perspective view of the circumferential displacement limiter of fig. 1.

The reference numerals are represented as:

1. a shaft core; 2. a pull rod; 3. an anti-rotation device; 31. a pull rod stop block; 311. a convex column; 312. a first connection hole; 313. a second through hole; 314. a third through hole; 315. a second connection hole; 32. a circumferential displacement limiting member; 321. a first through hole; 322. a connecting disc; 323. a guide cylinder; 324. a third connection hole; 33. a nut; 41. a first seal ring; 42. and a second seal ring.

Detailed Description

With reference to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a spindle is provided, which includes a spindle core 1, a spindle loosening broach mechanism, where the spindle core 1 has a central through hole extending along an axial direction thereof, the spindle loosening broach mechanism includes a pull rod 2, the pull rod 2 is located in the central through hole and can be controlled to reciprocate along the axial direction of the spindle core 1, and an anti-rotation device 3, where the anti-rotation device 3 is located at least partially outside one axial end of the spindle core 1 and is detachably connected to the spindle core 1, and the anti-rotation device 3 can prevent the pull rod 2 from rotating around a central axis of the spindle core 1 and can allow the pull rod 2 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the spindle core 1. In the technical scheme, the anti-rotation device 3 is detachably connected to the outer side of one axial end of the shaft core 1, namely, the anti-rotation device 3 is of an external structure, when the anti-rotation device 3 needs to be maintained (for example, when faults such as serious abrasion and blocking happen), only the main shaft needs to be disassembled and maintained on the outer side of the main shaft (without completely disassembling related external parts like the internal structure), and the maintenance difficulty is greatly reduced.

In some embodiments, the anti-rotation device 3 includes a pull rod stop 31 and a circumferential displacement limiting member 32, wherein the circumferential displacement limiting member 32 is fixedly connected to the axial end of the shaft core 1, the pull rod stop 31 is fixedly connected to the pull rod 2, the pull rod stop 31 has a convex pillar 311, the circumferential displacement limiting member 32 has a first through hole 321, and the convex pillar 311 is inserted into the first through hole 321. In the technical scheme, the circumferential displacement limitation of the pull rod 2 is realized through the pull rod stop block 31 fixedly connected with the pull rod, so that the pull rod 2 and related parts do not need to be processed with notches, drilled holes and the like, and the processing and manufacturing difficulty of the pull rod 2 is reduced.

In some embodiments, the first through hole 321 is a kidney-shaped through hole, and the cross-sectional shape of the convex column 311 matches with the kidney-shaped through hole, so that the assembling coaxiality is high while the processing is easy. It can be understood that the first through hole 321 should be subjected to necessary chamfering or round-corner treatment, and conversely, an edge exists, so that the clearance is smaller after the convex column 311 is matched with the first through hole 321, and the relative rotation between the pull rod 2 and the shaft core 1 caused by an overlarge assembling clearance is effectively prevented.

In some embodiments, there are at least two first through holes 321, at least two first through holes 321 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the shaft core 1, and the number of the convex columns 311 is equal to that of the first through holes 321, it can be understood that a plurality of convex columns 311 are respectively inserted into a plurality of first through holes 321 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the stress of the convex columns 311 is more balanced.

In some embodiments, the rotation preventing device 3 further includes a nut 33, the nut 33 is screwed to an outer peripheral side of the one axial end of the shaft core 1, and the circumferential displacement defining member 32 is detachably attached to the nut 33, so that it is possible to prevent damage to the large structural strength of the shaft core 1 without drilling the shaft core 1.

In some embodiments, the circumferential displacement limiting member 32 includes a connecting plate 322 and a guide cylinder 323 which is located at the center of the connecting plate 322 and extends in the axial direction of the shaft core 1, the first through hole 321 is configured on the connecting plate 322, the end of the pull rod 2 can reciprocate in the guide cylinder 323, and the guide cylinder 323 can form a certain degree of guiding support for the pull rod 2. It is understood that the connecting plate 322 is configured with a third connecting hole 324, so that the nut 33 can be reliably connected through the third connecting hole 324.

In some embodiments, a first sealing ring 41 (e.g., a rubber sealing ring) is disposed between the guiding cylinder 323 and the outer peripheral wall of the pull rod 2, a first annular groove (not labeled in the figures) is disposed on a side of the guiding cylinder 323 facing the pull rod 2, and the first sealing ring 41 is disposed in the first annular groove; and/or, a second sealing ring 42 (for example, a rubber sealing ring) is arranged between the connecting disc 322 and the outer peripheral wall of the shaft core 1, a second annular groove (not marked in the figure) is arranged on one side, facing the shaft core 1, of the connecting disc 322, and the second sealing ring 42 is installed in the second annular groove. The first sealing ring 41 and the second sealing ring 42 can effectively prevent liquid from leaking to the surface of the shaft core 1 when the cutting liquid is introduced into the central water outlet flow passage, and damage to a bearing, an encoder and the like is caused.

In some embodiments, the protruding pillar 311 is provided with a first connection hole 312 and/or a second connection hole 313 on an end surface thereof adjacent to the circumferential displacement limiting member 32. The first connection hole 312 may be a threaded hole, through which the relevant component (for example, a loose blade position detection ring) can be connected and fixed, and through which the second through hole 313 can clean a spindle taper hole (not shown). It can be understood that the pull rod block 31 is configured with a third through hole 314, the pull rod 2 can pass through the third through hole and be inserted into the guide cylinder 323, and the pull rod block 31 is further configured with a second connecting hole 315, and the fixed connection between the pull rod block 31 and the pull rod 2 is realized through the second connecting hole 315.

The shaft core 1, the pull rod 2, the pull rod stop block 31, the circumferential displacement limiting piece 32 and the nut 33 are made of metal.

Due to the adoption of the spindle, the mounting positions of the pull rod 2 and the spindle core 1 cannot be changed in the high-speed operation of the spindle, so that the dynamic balance of the spindle 1 cannot be changed in the frequent starting and stopping process. Therefore, the vibration of the main shaft can be maintained at a normal level without the dynamic balance of the main shaft being destroyed, thereby improving the service life of the main shaft. In addition, the spindle of the utility model has simple structure and reliable function, can effectively prevent the relative rotation between the loose broach mechanism of the spindle and the spindle core 2, does not need to process redundant features on the components such as the spindle core 1 and the like, and has high reliability and convenient installation.

According to an embodiment of the utility model, there is also provided a machine tool including the spindle described above.

It is readily understood by a person skilled in the art that the advantageous ways described above can be freely combined, superimposed without conflict.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a main shaft, its characterized in that, includes axle core (1), main shaft pine broach mechanism, axle core (1) has the central through-hole of following its axial extension, main shaft pine broach mechanism includes pull rod (2), pull rod (2) are in just can be controlled in the central through-hole and follow the axial reciprocating motion of axle core (1), still include anti-rotation device (3), anti-rotation device (3) at least part is located the outside of the axial one end of axle core (1), and with the connection can be dismantled to axle core (1), anti-rotation device (3) can prevent pull rod (2) center on the central axis of axle core (1) is rotatory, and can allow pull rod (2) are followed the axial reciprocating motion of axle core (1).

2. The spindle according to claim 1, wherein the rotation prevention device (3) comprises a pull rod stop (31) and a circumferential displacement limiting member (32), wherein the circumferential displacement limiting member (32) is fixedly connected with the axial end of the spindle core (1), the pull rod stop (31) is fixedly connected with the pull rod (2), the pull rod stop (31) is provided with a convex column (311), the circumferential displacement limiting member (32) is provided with a first through hole (321), and the convex column (311) is inserted into the first through hole (321).

3. The spindle of claim 2, wherein the first through hole (321) is a kidney-shaped through hole, and the cross-sectional shape of the boss (311) matches the kidney-shaped through hole.

4. The spindle according to claim 2 or 3, wherein there are at least two first through holes (321), at least two first through holes (321) are uniformly spaced along the circumference of the spindle core (1), and the number of the convex columns (311) is equal to that of the first through holes (321).

5. The spindle according to claim 2, wherein the anti-rotation device (3) further comprises a nut (33), the nut (33) being screwed to an outer peripheral side of the one axial end of the spindle core (1), the circumferential displacement defining piece (32) being detachably attached to the nut (33).

6. The spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that the circumferential displacement limiting piece (32) comprises a connecting disc (322) and a guide cylinder (323) in the center of the connecting disc (322) and extending in the axial direction of the spindle core (1), the first through hole (321) being configured on the connecting disc (322), the tip of the draw rod (2) being capable of reciprocating within the guide cylinder (323).

7. The spindle according to claim 6, characterized in that between the guide cylinder (323) and the peripheral wall of the drawbar (2) there is a first sealing ring (41); and/or a second sealing ring (42) is arranged between the connecting disc (322) and the outer peripheral wall of the shaft core (1).

8. The spindle according to claim 7, characterized in that the guide cylinder (323) is provided with a first annular groove on the side facing the drawbar (2), the first sealing ring (41) being arranged in the first annular groove; and/or, one side of the connecting disc (322) facing the shaft core (1) is provided with a second ring groove, and the second sealing ring (42) is arranged in the second ring groove.

9. The spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that the projection (311) is provided with a first connection hole (312) and/or a second through hole (313) on its end face on the side close to the circumferential displacement limiting member (32).

10. A machine tool comprising a spindle according to claim 9.