CN215342976U - 2.4GHz rectenna of improvement structure - Google Patents
2.4GHz rectenna of improvement structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN215342976U CN215342976U CN202121433298.7U CN202121433298U CN215342976U CN 215342976 U CN215342976 U CN 215342976U CN 202121433298 U CN202121433298 U CN 202121433298U CN 215342976 U CN215342976 U CN 215342976U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a 2.4GHz rectifying antenna with an improved structure, belonging to the technical field of wireless energy collection, and the rectifying antenna comprises: the antenna comprises a receiving antenna, an LPF, an A diode, a B diode, a fan-shaped through filter and a load, wherein the receiving antenna is connected with the input end of the LPF; the A diode and the B diode are diodes with the same type and the same impedance value, and the impedances of the receiving antenna, the LPF and the fan-shaped through filter are all consistent with the impedance of the diodes, so that the purposes of simple structure, compact size, lower cost, cancellation of a matching circuit and improvement of the conversion efficiency of the rectifying antenna are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of wireless energy collection, and particularly relates to a 2.4GHz rectifying antenna with an improved structure.
Background
In recent years, the collection of microwave or radio frequency energy in free space is an emerging area. Research on wireless energy collection at home and abroad has never been stopped, and the aim of the research is to transmit microwave energy in free space from an input end to a load for the load to use. The rectifying antenna is an important ring forming a wireless energy acquisition system, so that the rectifying antenna has a great research value for the research of the wireless energy acquisition system. The fundamental purpose of research is to reduce the reflection and loss of the circuit, and then to improve the transmission efficiency of the rectification antenna, so that more direct current electric energy converted by the rectification circuit is transmitted to the load for the use of the load with low power consumption. A conventional rectenna is composed of a receiving antenna, an LPF, a matching circuit, a rectifier diode, a through filter composed of a quarter-wave microstrip line and a parallel capacitor, and a load, as shown in fig. 1.
By reading and researching relevant documents at home and abroad, a dual-frequency 915MHz/2.4GHz rectifying antenna is taken as an example. Such a rectenna has the following disadvantages:
(1) the number of elements of lumped capacitance and inductance in the rectifying circuit is large, and a large number of through holes exist in the circuit, so that the whole circuit generates parasitic effect, the loss of the circuit is increased, and the transmission performance of the circuit is reduced;
(2) from the viewpoint of economic cost, the high-frequency capacitor and the high-frequency inductor are expensive and have higher requirements on the dielectric substrate material during design, thereby increasing the design cost.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, in order to solve the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a 2.4GHz rectenna with an improved structure to achieve the purpose of improving the conversion efficiency of the rectenna.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a2.4 GHz rectenna with improved structure comprises: the antenna comprises a receiving antenna, an LPF, an A diode, a B diode, a fan-shaped through filter and a load, wherein the receiving antenna is connected with the input end of the LPF;
the A diode and the B diode are diodes of the same type, and the impedances of the receiving antenna, the LPF and the sector through filter are set to be consistent with the impedance of the diode at the maximum efficiency.
Further, the receiving antenna is a regular hexagon antenna with a working frequency band of 2.4GHz, and the receiving antenna has the following functions: electromagnetic waves propagating in the space are collected and converted into guided waves to propagate on the transmission line.
Furthermore, the receiving antenna is connected with the input end of the LPF through the SMA head, so that the reliable connection of the receiving antenna is realized.
Further, the regular hexagonal antenna includes:
a dielectric substrate;
the antenna comprises a radiator and a feeder line which are arranged on a dielectric substrate, wherein the radiator is connected with the feeder line, the radiator is a regular hexagon, and an included angle between the bottom edge of the radiator and the center line of the feeder line is beta;
the copper sheet is arranged on the medium substrate;
the impedance of the regular hexagonal antenna is changed by rotating the radiator to adjust the angle beta, and the impedance of the regular hexagonal antenna is kept consistent with that of the diode, so that the aim of canceling the matching network is fulfilled.
Furthermore, the LPF is a low-pass filter, the working frequency of the low-pass filter is 2.4GHz, the input impedance and the output impedance of the low-pass filter are set to be consistent with the impedance of the diode, the design difficulty is reduced, and rapid design can be carried out.
Furthermore, the fan-shaped through filter adopts a three-fan-shaped through filter, and the input impedance and the output impedance of the fan-shaped through filter are set to be consistent with the impedance of the diode, so that the cost is lower, and the harmonic suppression capability is stronger.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. by adopting the 2.4GHz rectifying antenna with the improved structure, the impedance of the regular hexagon antenna and the rectifying circuit is consistent with the impedance of the diode by optimizing the structure of the receiving antenna and adjusting the impedance of each part of the rectifying circuit, so that the aim of canceling a matching circuit in the traditional rectifying antenna is fulfilled, the whole area and the circuit complexity of the circuit are reduced, the loss caused by the matching circuit is reduced, and the whole conversion efficiency of the rectifying antenna is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a conventional rectenna;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 2.4GHz rectenna with an improved structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving antenna in a 2.4GHz rectenna with an improved structure provided by the present invention;
the drawings are labeled as follows:
1-radiator, 2-dielectric substrate, 3-feeder, 4-copper sheet, beta-rotation angle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the indication of the orientation or the positional relationship is based on the orientation or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually placed when the utility model is used, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually understood by those skilled in the art, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually placed when the utility model is used, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those skilled in the art; the drawings in the embodiments are used for clearly and completely describing the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model, and obviously, the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the utility model, but not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, a 2.4GHz rectenna with an improved structure is specifically provided, and the rectenna mainly comprises a receiving antenna, an LPF, an a diode, a B diode, a fan-shaped pass filter and a load, wherein the receiving antenna is connected to an input terminal of the LPF, an output terminal of the LPF is connected to an input terminal of the a diode, output terminals of the a diode are respectively connected to an input terminal of the fan-shaped pass filter and an input terminal of the B diode, an output terminal of the fan-shaped pass filter is grounded through the load, and an output terminal of the B diode is grounded;
the A diode and the B diode are diodes with the same type (adopting HSMS286C diode) and the same impedance value, and the impedances of the receiving antenna, the LPF and the sector through filter are all consistent with the impedance of the diode, thereby achieving the purpose of canceling the matching circuit in the traditional rectification antenna.
For the receiving antenna part
The receiving antenna has the functions of: electromagnetic waves propagating in the space are collected and converted into guided waves to propagate on the transmission line.
The receiving antenna adopts a regular hexagon antenna with a working frequency band of 2.4GHz, and is connected with the input end of the LPF through the SMA head. The structure of the receiving antenna is shown in fig. 3, and the regular hexagonal antenna includes: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiator and a feeder which are arranged on the dielectric substrate, and a copper sheet which is arranged on the dielectric substrate, wherein the dielectric material used by the dielectric substrate is FR 4; the radiator is connected with the feeder line, the radiator is a regular hexagon, and the rotation angle between the bottom edge of the radiator and the center line of the feeder line is beta. In practical application, the regular hexagon antenna is printed on a PCB, the loss tangent and the relative dielectric constant of the regular hexagon antenna are respectively 0.02 and 4.4, and the adopted feeding mode is CPW feeding.
Based on the optimized design, the impedance of the regular hexagon antenna is changed by rotating the radiator to adjust the angle beta, and the impedance of the receiving antenna is kept consistent with that of the diode.
For low pass filter sections
The LPF (high low impedance line low pass filter) functions as: high frequency noise is filtered and energy is transmitted to the rectifier diode.
The LPF is a low-pass filter, the input end of the low-pass filter is connected with the receiving antenna, and the output end of the low-pass filter is connected with the input end of the A diode. The low pass filter had an operating frequency of 2.4GHz, was fabricated on a PCB board made of FR4 dielectric material, and had a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02. In the ADS software, the input and output impedances of the low pass filter can be set to be consistent with the impedance of the diode.
In the conventional design of the rectifier circuit, the LPF (high-low impedance line low pass filter) part mainly adopts a table look-up method or a high-low impedance line equivalent method to design the filter. In this embodiment, to reduce the design difficulty, the input and output impedances of the low-pass filter and the impedance of the diode may be set to be consistent with each other by using ADS software, and the design may be performed quickly by using the design guide.
For the diode part
The diode functions as: on one hand, the direct current is allowed to pass, and the radio frequency energy such as fundamental frequency or higher harmonic wave is prevented from entering the load, so that stable direct current input is provided for the load; on the other hand, the rf energy is returned to the diode for rectification again.
The two diodes, i.e., the diode a and the diode B, are diodes of HSMS286C, and in this embodiment, the connection mode of the two diodes is a dual-transistor series-parallel mode, i.e., the diode a is connected in series between the low-pass filter and the fan-shaped through filter, and one end of the diode B is connected in parallel with the diode a, and the other end is connected to ground. Similarly, the impedance at the position with the maximum diode efficiency can be measured by ADS software, and a foundation is laid for canceling a matching circuit. The diode is a nonlinear element, and it must measure impedance at a specific frequency point, in this embodiment, the impedance where the efficiency of the diode is the maximum is taken as the impedance of the diode, and in the case of the impedance based on the diode, the receiving antenna, the low-pass filter and the sector through filter are designed and matched according to the impedance of the diode. On one hand, the diode belongs to a nonlinear element, and the impedance value of the diode needs to be measured at a specific frequency point; on the other hand, the impedance of the diode at the maximum efficiency is used for designing and matching the receiving antenna and the low-pass filter by the sector straight-through filter, and after the electromagnetic wave signal enters, the matching circuit is not needed to be processed and matched, so that the aim of canceling the matching circuit is fulfilled.
In the conventional rectifier circuit, a single-tube series mode is mainly adopted in the diode part, and the rectification efficiency is not high.
For sector-shaped through-filter sections
The effect of the fan-shaped through filter is as follows: and first-order and second-order harmonic waves are filtered.
The fan-shaped through filter adopts a three-fan-shaped structure, the fundamental frequency and the second harmonic can be restrained by adjusting the radius and the angle of fan-shaped branches, the medium material adopted by the fan-shaped through filter is FR4, and in ADS software, the input impedance and the output impedance of the fan-shaped through filter can be set to be consistent with the impedance of a diode.
In the conventional rectifier circuit, a straight-through filter composed of a quarter-wavelength microstrip line and a capacitor is mainly used in the straight-through filter part, and the conventional rectifier circuit mainly has the following defects: (1) parasitic effect (2) high frequency capacitor is expensive; in the embodiment, the through filter adopts a structure of loading a three-fan-shaped branch straight filter, the suppression effect on the first-order frequency point, the second-order frequency point and the like is realized by adjusting the length and the angle of the fan-shaped branches, and compared with a form of a quarter-wavelength microstrip line and a parallel capacitor, the filter has the advantages of lower cost and higher harmonic suppression capability.
Based on the above, the rectifier circuit often does not have a matching network, so that the complexity (more circuit elements) is greatly reduced, the overall loss is low, the size is small, and the cost is low.
The utility model is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other various forms of products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in shape or structure thereof, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims, fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A2.4 GHz rectenna with improved structure is characterized in that the rectenna comprises: the antenna comprises a receiving antenna, an LPF, an A diode, a B diode, a fan-shaped through filter and a load, wherein the receiving antenna is connected with the input end of the LPF;
the A diode and the B diode are diodes of the same type, and the impedances of the receiving antenna, the LPF and the sector through filter are set to be consistent with the impedance of the diode at the maximum efficiency.
2. The improved 2.4GHz rectenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the receiving antenna is a regular hexagon antenna with 2.4GHz operating frequency band.
3. The improved 2.4GHz rectenna of claim 1 wherein the receiving antenna is connected to the input of the LPF through the SMA head.
4. The improved 2.4GHz rectenna of claim 1, wherein the receiving antenna comprises:
a dielectric substrate;
the antenna comprises a radiator and a feeder line which are arranged on a dielectric substrate, wherein the radiator is connected with the feeder line, the radiator is a regular hexagon, and an included angle between the bottom edge of the radiator and the center line of the feeder line is beta;
the copper sheet is arranged on the medium substrate;
the impedance of the receiving antenna is changed by rotating the radiator to adjust the angle beta, and the impedance of the receiving antenna is kept consistent with that of the diode.
5. The improved 2.4GHz rectenna as claimed in claim 1 wherein the LPF is a low pass filter with an operating frequency of 2.4GHz and the input and output impedances of the low pass filter are set to match the impedance of the diode.
6. The improved 2.4GHz rectenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sector-shaped through-filter is a three-sector-shaped through-filter, and the input and output impedances of the sector-shaped through-filter are set to be consistent with the impedance of the diode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121433298.7U CN215342976U (en) | 2021-06-25 | 2021-06-25 | 2.4GHz rectenna of improvement structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121433298.7U CN215342976U (en) | 2021-06-25 | 2021-06-25 | 2.4GHz rectenna of improvement structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215342976U true CN215342976U (en) | 2021-12-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121433298.7U Active CN215342976U (en) | 2021-06-25 | 2021-06-25 | 2.4GHz rectenna of improvement structure |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN215342976U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-06-25 CN CN202121433298.7U patent/CN215342976U/en active Active
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