CN215321980U - Hybrid power driving device - Google Patents

Hybrid power driving device Download PDF

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CN215321980U
CN215321980U CN202121520300.4U CN202121520300U CN215321980U CN 215321980 U CN215321980 U CN 215321980U CN 202121520300 U CN202121520300 U CN 202121520300U CN 215321980 U CN215321980 U CN 215321980U
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gear
motor
engine
row
planet
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何大为
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Shanghai Chucai Sisheng Technology Partnership Enterprise LP
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hybrid power driving device, which comprises an engine, a first planet row, a second planet row, a first motor, a battery, an output gear, wheels and a second motor, wherein the engine is connected with the first planet row; the first planet row comprises a first sun gear, a first gear ring and a first planet carrier which are meshed from inside to outside, and the second planet row comprises a second sun gear, a second gear ring and a second planet carrier which are meshed from inside to outside; the engine is connected with the first gear ring, the first motor is connected with the second sun gear between the first planet row and the second planet row, the first sun gear is connected with the second gear ring, and the first planet carrier, the second planet carrier and the output gear are connected together; the first motor and the second motor are connected with the battery together; the output gear and the second motor are connected with the wheels and drive the wheels to rotate together. The utility model ensures that the power flow distribution is more reasonable, effectively expands the direct-drive working condition of the engine from the low-speed working condition to the high-speed working condition and greatly improves the driving efficiency of the driving device.

Description

Hybrid power driving device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of vehicle power, in particular to a hybrid power driving device.
Background
A hybrid drive system of an existing vehicle, as shown in fig. 1, generally includes an Engine (ENG)1, a planetary gear set 2, a first motor (MG1)3, a Battery (BT)4, an output gear 5, wheels 6, and a second motor (MG2)7, wherein the planetary gear set 2 includes a sun gear 201, a ring gear 202, and a carrier 203. The engine 1 is connected with the second motor 7 and the ring gear 202, the first motor 3 is connected with the sun gear 201, the planet carrier 203 is connected with the output gear 5, the output gear 5 outputs power to the wheels 6, and the first motor 3 and the second motor 7 are connected with the battery 4.
The lever principle of the hybrid drive system is shown in fig. 2, in which the abscissa represents the positional relationship (speed ratio relationship) of the engine 1, the first motor 3, and the output gear 5, the ordinate represents the rotational speeds of the moving components such as the engine 1, the first motor 3, and the output gear 5, and the engine rotational speed nENGFirst motor speed nMG1And output gear speed nOUTSatisfies the following conditions:
nMG1+k·nENG＝(k+1)nOUT (1)
where k is the speed ratio of the planetary row 20, k is 1.87 in the prior art, S is the sun gear, C is the carrier, R is the ring gear, OUT is the output gear, ENG is the engine, MG1 is the first electric machine, and the arrow indicates the engine torque TENGFirst motor torque TMG1Torque T of output gearOUTThe directions of the moving parts are defined such that the engine output torque direction is positive, the first motor torque is the same as the engine torque direction and positive, and the output gear torque direction is opposite to the engine torque direction and negative. Engine torque TENGFirst motor torque TMG1Torque T of output gearOUTThe size relationship satisfies:
TMG1∶TENG∶TOUT＝1∶k∶(k+1) (2)
under the working condition of low-speed hybrid power, the system can realize that the power of the wheel end is completely provided by the engine 1, at the moment, the engine 1 operates at an economic working condition point, the power of the engine 1 is greater than the power of the wheel end, the energy flow is shown in figure 3, and redundant mechanical energy of the engine 1 is converted into electric energy through the first motor 3 or the first motor 3 and the second motor 7 to be transmitted to the battery 4.
Under the working conditions of medium speed, high speed and super high speed of hybrid power, the first motor is in a positive rotating speed and is in a driving state, energy flow is shown in figure 4, a part of power of the engine 1 is output to the planet row 2, a part of power is output to the second motor 7 to generate power and output the power to the first motor 3, the first motor 3 does work to output power to the planet row 2, the planet row 2 combines the power input by the engine 1 and the power input by the first motor 3 and outputs the power to wheels 6 through the output gear 5, at the moment, the second motor 7 provides electric energy for vehicle electrical systems besides the first motor 3, and the power of the battery 4 is generally 0.
The efficiency of the vehicle in the prior art is higher than that of an extended-range electric vehicle, but under the working conditions of medium speed and high speed, a large proportion of power always needs to be converted from mechanical energy to electric energy to mechanical energy, and the system efficiency is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a hybrid power driving device which can realize direct drive of an engine from a low-speed working condition to a high-speed working condition, avoid energy conversion loss and improve driving efficiency.
The specific technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
a hybrid drive unit, characterized in that the drive unit comprises an engine, a first planetary gear train, a second planetary gear train, a first motor, a battery, an output gear, wheels and a second motor; the first planet row comprises a first sun gear, a first gear ring and a first planet carrier which are meshed from inside to outside, and the second planet row comprises a second sun gear, a second gear ring and a second planet carrier which are meshed from inside to outside;
the engine is connected with the first gear ring, the first motor is connected with the second sun gear between the first planet row and the second planet row, the first sun gear is connected with the second gear ring, and the first planet carrier, the second planet carrier and the output gear are connected together; the first motor and the second motor are connected with the battery together; the output gear and the second motor are connected with the wheel and drive the wheel to rotate together.
Further, the first planetary row and the second planetary row adopt the same or different speed ratios.
Further, the engine, the first planet row, the first motor and the second planet row are coaxially arranged.
Further, the first sun gear, the first ring gear, and the first carrier are coaxially disposed.
Further, the second sun gear, the second ring gear, and the second carrier are coaxially disposed.
Further, the driving device further comprises a brake, and the brake is connected with the second gear ring.
Further, the drive device further includes a one-way clutch mounted on an engine output shaft of the engine between the engine and the first ring gear.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the utility model forms a double-planet-row power dividing system by introducing a second planet row, and the total speed ratio k' is k1·k 21, more flexible than the single row adjustment of the prior art, by adjusting the first planetary row speed ratio k1And a second planetary gear set speed ratio k2A greater total speed ratio k' can be obtained, resulting in a better system efficiency.
According to the hybrid power driving device, the stress direction of the first motor is changed, so that the power flow distribution of the hybrid power driving device is more reasonable, the direct driving working condition of the engine is effectively expanded from the low-speed working condition to the high-speed working condition, and the driving efficiency of the driving device is greatly improved. And the driving device is from the medium-speed to the high-speed working condition, the rotating speed of the first motor is very low, the first motor is in a low-power driving or low-power generation state, the direct-drive proportion of the engine is very high, and compared with the prior art, the comprehensive efficiency of the driving device is greatly improved.
In addition, the hybrid power driving system in the prior art is a single planet row, and the great speed ratio of the planet row is beneficial toThe torque of the first motor is reduced, but the linear speed of the gear ring is increased to influence NVH (noise vibration and harshness), and the torque T of the first motor isMG1＝1/1.87TENG. When k' is 2.96, the torque of the first motor is equal to that of the second motor
Figure BDA0003148163400000041
It can be seen that the torque of the first motor of the present invention is only 47% of that of the first motor of the prior art, greatly reducing the cost of the transmission.
In addition, the direct-drive state of the engine under the working conditions of medium and high speed is better realized through the brake, the application range of the driving device can be expanded through the one-way clutch, and the most economic design is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art solution;
FIG. 2 is a lever diagram of a prior art solution;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of energy flow in a low speed condition according to a prior art scheme;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of energy flow at medium, high and ultra-high operating conditions according to a prior art scheme;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the hybrid drive of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a lever diagram of the hybrid drive of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic energy flow diagram of the present invention under low speed conditions;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the energy flow of the present invention under high speed and high speed conditions;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the energy flow of the ultra high speed operation of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the brake addition scheme of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a lever diagram of the added brake solution of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic energy flow diagram of the added brake scheme of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the present invention with the addition of a one-way clutch;
FIG. 14 is a lever diagram of the present invention with the addition of a one-way clutch.
Wherein: 1-engine, 2-planet row, 201-sun gear, 202-ring gear, 203-planet carrier, 21-first planet row, 211-first sun gear, 212-first ring gear, 213-first planet carrier, 22-second planet row, 221-second sun gear, 222-second ring gear, 223-second planet carrier, 3-first motor, 4-battery, 5-output gear, 6-wheel, 7-second motor, 8-brake, 9-engine output shaft and 10-one-way clutch.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The terms of orientation such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear in the present specification are established based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings. The corresponding positional relationship may also vary depending on the drawings, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection.
In the present invention, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected or capable of communicating with each other, directly connected, indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or communicated between two components, or interacting between two components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Example one
The embodiment describes a hybrid power driving device, which can realize direct drive of an engine from a low-speed working condition to a high-speed working condition and avoid energy conversion loss.
As shown in fig. 5, the driving apparatus includes an engine 1, a first planetary gear train 21, a second planetary gear train 22, a first motor 3, a battery 4, an output gear 5, a wheel 6, and a second motor 7, wherein the first planetary gear train 21 includes a first sun gear 211, a first ring gear 212, and a first carrier 213 that are connected in a meshing manner from inside to outside, and the second planetary gear train 22 includes a second sun gear 221, a second ring gear 222, and a second carrier 223 that are connected in a meshing manner from inside to outside.
The engine 1 is connected with the first gear ring 212, the first motor 3 is connected with the second sun gear 221, the first sun gear 211 is connected with the second gear ring 222, the first planet carrier 213, the second planet carrier 223 and the output gear 5 are jointly connected, the first motor 3 is arranged between the first planet row 21 and the second planet row 22, the second motor 7 and the first motor 3 are arranged in parallel and are jointly connected with the battery 4, the output gear 5 and the second motor 7 are connected with the wheel 6 and jointly drive the wheel 6 to rotate, and the second motor 7 is used for balancing the driving power of the wheel 6.
In the present embodiment, the engine 1, the first planetary gear train 21, the first motor 3, and the second planetary gear train 22 are coaxially disposed. The first sun gear 211, the first ring gear 212, and the first carrier 213 are coaxially disposed, and the second sun gear 221, the second ring gear 222, and the second carrier 223 are coaxially disposed.
The lever diagram of the driving apparatus of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 6, and the abscissa thereof is the positional relationship (speed ratio relationship) of the engine 1, the first motor 3, and the output gear 5, and the ordinate thereof is the rotational speeds of the moving parts such as the engine 1, the first motor 3, and the output gear 5, and the engine rotational speed nENGFirst motor speed nMG1And output gear speed nOUTSatisfies the following conditions:
nMG1+k′·nOUT＝(k′+1)nENG (3)
wherein k ═ k1·k 21, k' is the total speed ratio of the first planetary row 21 and the second planetary row 22 in the embodiment, k1、k2The speed ratios of the first planetary row 21 and the second planetary row 22, respectively.
In order to couple different dynamics and kinematics relationships, the first planetary row 21 and the second planetary row 22 may use the same or different speed ratios to expand the application range of the driving device, for example, k is selected1＝1.8、k22.2, i.e. k' 2.96, first motor torque
Figure BDA0003148163400000071
Figure BDA0003148163400000072
In fig. 6, the arrow indicates the engine torque TENGFirst motor torque TMG1Torque T of output gearOUTWhen the directions of the moving members are equal, S1 is a first sun gear, S2 is a second sun gear, C1 is a first carrier, C2 is a second carrier, R1 is a first ring gear, R2 is a second ring gear, OUT is an output gear, ENG is an engine, and MG1 is a first motor. The present embodiment provides that the engine torque direction is positive, and the first motor torque and the output gear torque direction are always negative, opposite to the engine torque direction. Engine torque TENGFirst motor torque TMG1Torque T of output gearOUTThe size relationship satisfies:
TMG1:TOUT：TENG＝1:k′:(k′+1) (4)
in the hybrid low-speed working condition, the wheel end power of the wheels 6 of the driving device is completely provided by the engine 1, the energy flow is shown in fig. 7, the wheels 6 are driven by the engine 1 through the first planetary row 21 and the second planetary row 22, and the redundant mechanical energy of the engine 1 is converted into electric energy through the first motor 3 or the first motor 3 and the second motor 7 to be output to the battery 4.
Under the working conditions of medium speed and high speed of hybrid power, the first motor 3 controls the engine 1 at the optimal working point according to the power demand of an accelerator, the first motor 3 rotates at a very low speed in a power balance state and is in a low-power driving or low-power generation state, the energy flow is shown in a graph 8, the second motor 7 works in a low-power generation or low-power driving state according to the power balance of a driving device and the demand of an electric system of the whole vehicle, the power of the battery 4 is 0, and the direct-drive proportion of the engine 1 is very high.
Under the hybrid super-high speed working condition, the energy flow is as shown in fig. 9, the engine 1 outputs power to the first planetary row 21, a part of the power is output to the first motor 3 through the second planetary row 22 to generate power and output to the second motor 7, and the second motor 7 applies work to output power to be combined with the power output by the output gear 5 to drive the wheels 6.
In order to realize that the engine 1 directly drives the wheels 6 under the middle and high speed working conditions, the brake 8 is arranged on the second ring gear 222 of the second planet row 22 in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 10.
Since the second ring gear 222 is connected with the first sun gear 211, when the brake 8 is combined, the second ring gear 222 is locked with the first sun gear 211, and the transmission relationship of the driving device is as shown in fig. 11, at this time, the power of the engine 1 is decelerated by the first planetary row 21 and then decelerated by the second planetary row 22, and then merged and output to the output gear 5.
Under the working conditions of medium and high speed and constant speed, the brake 8 is locked, the power of the engine 1 is reduced by the first planet row 21 and then 100% is output to the wheels 6, at the moment, the first motor 3 and the second motor 7 are in a follow-up state, and the energy flow of the driving device is shown in figure 12. When the vehicle has an electric quantity demand, the power of the engine 1 is decelerated by the first planetary gear set 21, a part of the power is output to the vehicle, a part of the power is output to the first motor 3 to generate electricity, and at the moment, the power of the wheels 6 still comes from the engine 1 by 100%.
Example two
When the power split of the driving device in the above embodiment is applied to an HEV (hybrid electric vehicle), in an EV (electric) operating mode, the second motor 7 is driven, the first motor 3 is in a reverse follow-up state, and at this time, the first motor 3 cannot participate in driving, otherwise, the engine 1 is dragged to rotate in a reverse direction. The driving device can also be applied to a PHEV (New energy vehicle), but compared with an HEV (electric vehicle), the PHEV vehicle has high EV working condition vehicle speed and large motor power demand.
As shown in fig. 13, a one-way clutch 10 is provided on the engine output shaft 9 between the engine 1 and the first ring gear 212. When the first motor 3 participates in driving under the EV working condition, the one-way clutch 10 reversely rotates and locks the engine 1, so that double-motor simultaneous driving can be realized, and the electric driving power is greatly increased. Therefore, one set of transmission can be compatible with two vehicle types of HEV and PHEV, and the most economic design is realized.
In the EV operating mode, the relationship between the rotation speed and the torque of the first planetary row 21 and the second planetary row 22 is as shown in fig. 14, and at this time, the first electric machine 3 outputs negative rotation speed, negative torque, and power.
While the principles of the utility model have been described in detail in connection with the preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of exemplary implementations of the utility model and are not limiting of the scope of the utility model. The details of the embodiments are not to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the utility model, and any obvious changes, such as equivalent alterations, simple substitutions and the like, based on the technical solution of the utility model, can be interpreted without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims (7)

1. A hybrid drive device, characterized in that the drive device comprises an engine (1), a first planetary gear (21), a second planetary gear (22), a first electric machine (3), a battery (4), an output gear (5), wheels (6) and a second electric machine (7); the first planet row (21) comprises a first sun gear (211), a first gear ring (212) and a first planet carrier (213) which are meshed from inside to outside, and the second planet row (22) comprises a second sun gear (221), a second gear ring (222) and a second planet carrier (223) which are meshed from inside to outside;
the engine (1) is connected to the first ring gear (212), the first electric machine (3) is connected to the second sun gear (221) between the first planetary gear set (21) and the second planetary gear set (22), the first sun gear (211) is connected to the second ring gear (222), and the first carrier (213), the second carrier (223) and the output gear (5) are jointly connected; the first motor (3) and the second motor (7) are connected with the battery (4) together; the output gear (5) and the second motor (7) are connected with the wheel (6) and drive the wheel (6) to rotate together.
2. Hybrid drive for vehicles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said first planetary row (21) and said second planetary row (22) adopt the same or different speed ratios.
3. Hybrid drive of claim 1, characterized in that the engine (1), the first planetary row (21), the first electric machine (3), the second planetary row (22) are coaxially arranged.
4. Hybrid drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the first sun gear (211), the first ring gear (212) and the first carrier (213) are arranged coaxially.
5. The hybrid drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that the second sun gear (221), the second ring gear (222), and the second carrier (223) are coaxially arranged.
6. Hybrid drive for vehicles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a brake (8), said brake (8) being connected to said second ring gear (222).
7. A hybrid drive unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive unit further comprises a one-way clutch (10), the one-way clutch (10) being mounted on an engine output shaft (9) of the engine (1) between the engine (1) and the first ring gear (212).
CN202121520300.4U 2021-07-05 2021-07-05 Hybrid power driving device Active CN215321980U (en)

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Effective date of registration: 20240423

Address after: 201805 room 2201, No. 888, Moyu South Road, Anting Town, Jiading District, Shanghai J

Patentee after: Shanghai Chucai Sisheng Technology Partnership Enterprise (Limited Partnership)

Country or region after: China

Address before: 201804 Room 502, No. 41, Lane 180, Ancheng Road, Anting Town, Jiading District, Shanghai

Patentee before: He Dawei

Country or region before: China