CN215299305U

CN215299305U - Metal bipolar plate with stepped flow channel for fuel cell

Info

Publication number: CN215299305U
Application number: CN202121657188.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任杰; 施忠贵; 孟洪亮; 马冶
Original assignee: Jiayu Hydrogen Energy Technology Liaoning Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiayu Hydrogen Energy Technology Liaoning Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-20
Filing date: 2021-07-20
Publication date: 2021-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-20

Abstract

The utility model relates to a metal bipolar plate of stairstepping runner for fuel cell belongs to fuel cell's field, and it is including laminating welded positive pole veneer and negative pole veneer, be equipped with the coolant runner between positive pole veneer and the negative pole veneer, one side that the coolant runner was kept away from to the positive pole veneer is equipped with the positive pole runner, one side that the coolant runner was kept away from to the negative pole veneer is equipped with the negative pole runner, the bottom of positive pole runner sets up to the echelonment, just the entry of positive pole runner is greater than the export of positive pole runner, the negative pole runner is the same with setting up of positive pole runner, and the export opposite direction of negative pole runner and positive pole runner. The gas diffusion device has the advantages that the uniformity of the distribution of fuel in the gas flow channel is improved, and the gas diffusion efficiency is improved.

Description

Metal bipolar plate with stepped flow channel for fuel cell

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a metal bipolar plate of a stepped flow channel for a fuel cell.

Background

A fuel cell is a chemical device that directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy, and is also called an electrochemical generator. One of the important components of a fuel cell is the bipolar plate. The bipolar plate has the functions of providing a gas flow channel, preventing the hydrogen and the oxygen in the cell gas chamber from communicating with each other, and establishing a current path between the anode and the cathode which are connected in series.

Chinese patent No. CN209389138U discloses a metal bipolar plate, comprising: an anode negative film and a cathode negative film; a sealing gasket is arranged between the anode bottom plate and the cathode bottom plate; one surface of the cathode bottom sheet adjacent to the sealing gasket is provided with a cooling water runner plate, and the other surface of the cathode bottom sheet is provided with a cathode runner plate; and an anode runner plate is arranged on the surface of the anode bottom sheet, which is opposite to the sealing gasket.

With respect to the related art in the above, the inventors believe that the fuel is gradually consumed in the course of flowing in the gas flow passage, and the density of the fuel in the gas flow passage becomes small, so that the fuel distribution becomes uneven, the gas diffusion efficiency becomes low, and the power generation performance of the fuel cell is affected.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to improve the uniformity of fuel distribution in a gas flow passage and improve the gas diffusion efficiency, the application provides a metal bipolar plate of a stepped flow passage for a fuel cell.

The application provides a metal bipolar plate of stairstepping runner for fuel cell adopts following technical scheme:

the metal bipolar plate comprises an anode single plate and a cathode single plate which are welded in an attaching mode, a coolant flow channel is arranged between the anode single plate and the cathode single plate, an anode flow channel is arranged on one side, away from the coolant flow channel, of the anode single plate, a cathode flow channel is arranged on one side, away from the coolant flow channel, of the cathode single plate, the bottom of the anode flow channel is arranged to be in a ladder shape, the inlet of the anode flow channel is larger than the outlet of the anode flow channel, the cathode flow channel and the anode flow channel are arranged in the same mode, and the outlet directions of the cathode flow channel and the anode flow channel are opposite.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, let in hydrogen in the positive pole runner, let in oxygen in the negative pole runner, let in the coolant runner, along the gas flow direction, the temperature of export is greater than the temperature of entry, wherein, the export direction of positive pole runner and negative pole runner is reverse, the flow direction of hydrogen and oxygen is opposite, make the temperature on the bipolar plate even, positive pole runner and negative pole runner are the echelonment, hydrogen and oxygen are consumed at the flow in-process, the space of gas runner diminishes gradually simultaneously, from this keep the gas density in the gas runner, make hydrogen and oxygen evenly distributed, thereby improve gaseous diffusion efficiency, and then improve fuel cell's generating efficiency.

Optionally, a plurality of break points are arranged on the anode runner, the anode runner is arranged along the break points in a zigzag manner, all the anode runners are parallel to each other, and the cathode runner and the anode runner are arranged oppositely and are parallel to each other.

By adopting the technical scheme, the anode flow channel and the cathode flow channel are arranged in a zigzag manner, and the lengths of the anode flow channel and the cathode flow channel are increased, so that the time of gas in the anode flow channel and the cathode flow channel is prolonged, the diffusion and reaction time of hydrogen and oxygen is prolonged, the hydrogen and oxygen fully react, and the power generation efficiency is improved

Optionally, the anode flow channel includes a plurality of advection flow channels and a plurality of upflow flow channels, a section of upflow channel is disposed between two adjacent advection flow channels, and the upflow channel gradually rises from one end close to the inlet to one end close to the outlet.

By adopting the technical scheme, the advection flow channel is divided into a plurality of sections by the upflow flow channel, and when the density of hydrogen and oxygen on one section of advection flow channel is reduced, the hydrogen and oxygen are lifted by the upflow flow channel and reach the next section of advection flow channel, so that the flowing space of gas is reduced, the density of the gas is increased, and the diffusion efficiency of the gas is improved.

Optionally, the bottom of the upstream flow channel is provided with an inclined surface, and the inclined surface gradually rises towards one end close to the outlet.

By adopting the technical scheme, the bottom of the upstream flow channel is provided with the inclined plane, so that the gas can stably rise when flowing, the impact caused by the change of the gas direction is reduced, and the stability of the bipolar plate is improved.

Optionally, the bottom of the upstream flow channel is a curved surface, and the curved surface gradually rises towards one end close to the outlet and protrudes towards one side of the outlet.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the bottom of upstream flow channel sets up to the curved surface, further slows down the speed that gas flows to increase the time of gas reaction in bipolar plate, the curved surface can reduce gaseous impact simultaneously, increases bipolar plate's stability.

Optionally, the anode flow channel and the cathode flow channel become wider gradually from the bottom of the flow channel to the opening of the flow channel.

By adopting the technical scheme, the arrangement of the upper part being wide and the lower part being narrow enables the gas not to be excessively accumulated at the bottoms of the anode flow channel and the cathode flow channel, the gas can be more dispersed at the flow channel openings of the anode flow channel and the cathode flow channel, and the gas diffusion efficiency is improved.

Optionally, the bottoms of the anode runner and the cathode runner are both provided with curved surfaces.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, hydrogen and oxygen reaction produce water, and water assembles to sunken position along the curved surface to utilize mutual viscidity between the moisture, the whole flow of quick drive water reaches the effect of quick drainage.

Optionally, the curved surface is arranged in an arc shape and gradually protrudes from two sides to the middle.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, moisture assembles to both sides along the cambered surface to quick drainage.

Optionally, the curved surface is arranged in a wavy shape, and a plurality of channels parallel to the direction of the advection flow channel are formed.

By adopting the technical scheme, the wavy arrangement enables the bottom of the advection flow channel to have a plurality of ditches arranged side by side, so that the water gathering speed is increased, and the drainage efficiency is improved.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the anode runner and the cathode runner are in a step shape, hydrogen and oxygen are consumed in the flowing process, and meanwhile, the space of the gas runner is gradually reduced, so that the gas density in the gas runner is kept, the hydrogen and the oxygen are uniformly distributed, the diffusion efficiency of the gas is improved, and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is improved;

2. the bottom of the advection flow channel is provided with a curved surface, and water generated by the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen is gathered to the concave part along the curved surface, so that the water is driven to flow integrally quickly by utilizing the mutual viscosity of the water, and the effect of quick drainage is achieved;

3. the hydrogen and oxygen flow in opposite directions so that the temperature across the bipolar plate is uniform.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a advection flow channel.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an upstream flow channel.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of example 3.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of example 4.

Description of reference numerals: 1. an anode single plate; 11. an anode flow channel; 2. a cathode single plate; 21. a cathode flow channel; 3. a coolant flow passage; 4. a advection flow channel; 5. an upstream flow channel.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-6.

The embodiment of the application discloses a metal bipolar plate with a stepped flow channel for a fuel cell.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the metal bipolar plate includes an anode single plate 1 and a cathode single plate 2, the anode single plate 1 is punched to form an anode runner 11, the cathode single plate 2 is also punched to form a cathode runner 21, one side of the anode single plate 1 away from the anode runner 11 and one side of the cathode single plate 2 away from the cathode runner 21 are attached to each other, wherein the anode runner 11 corresponds to the cathode runner 21 one to one, and the anode runner 11 is parallel to the cathode runner 21. The anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 2 are fixed by welding, and a coolant flow channel 3 is formed between the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 2.

The anode flow channel 11 and the cathode flow channel 21 are gradually widened from the end close to each other to the end far away from each other, that is, the bottom of the flow channel is narrow, and the opening of the flow channel is wide. Therefore, when the gas flows in the anode flow channels 11 and the cathode flow channels 21, the gas is not excessively accumulated at the bottom parts of the anode flow channels 11 and the cathode flow channels 21, and the gas can be more dispersed at the flow channel openings of the anode flow channels 11 and the cathode flow channels 21, thereby improving the gas diffusion efficiency.

Referring to fig. 1, a plurality of folding points are provided on the anode flow channel 11, and the anode flow channel 11 is zigzag-arranged along the folding points, thereby increasing the reaction time of the gas in the anode flow channel 11. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the anode runner 11 includes a plurality of advection runners 4 and an upstream runner 5, the advection runners 4 are horizontally arranged, the upstream runner 5 is obliquely arranged, and both ends of each segment of the upstream runner 5 are fixedly connected with the advection runners 4, so that the advection runners 4 and the upstream runner 5 form a stepped anode runner 11. Wherein, the bottom of the upstream flow channel 5 is set as an inclined plane, and the inclined plane gradually inclines upwards from one end close to the inlet of the anode flow channel 11 to one end close to the outlet of the anode flow channel 11.

Similarly, the cathode flow channel 21 and the anode flow channel 11 have the same structure, and the directions of the cathode flow channel 21 and the anode flow channel 11 are opposite. The inlet space of the anode flow channel 11 is larger than the outlet space of the anode flow channel 11, the inlet space of the cathode flow channel 21 is larger than the outlet space of the cathode flow channel 21, the inlet of the anode flow channel 11 and the outlet of the cathode flow channel 21 are located on the same side, and the outlet of the anode flow channel 11 and the inlet of the cathode flow channel 21 are located on the same side.

Hydrogen enters from the inlet of the anode flow channel 11 and flows out from the outlet of the anode flow channel 11, oxygen flows in from the inlet of the cathode flow channel 21 and flows out from the outlet of the cathode flow channel 21, and the flow directions of the hydrogen and the oxygen are the same, so that the temperatures of the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 2 are uniform.

The implementation principle of the embodiment 1 is as follows: the anode flow channel 11 and the cathode flow channel 21 are stepped, and hydrogen and oxygen are consumed in the flow process, and the space of the gas flow channel is gradually reduced, thereby maintaining the gas density in the gas flow channel and enabling the hydrogen and oxygen to be uniformly distributed.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 4, the difference from embodiment 1 is that the bottom of the upstream flow channel 5 in the anode flow channel 11 is a curved surface, and the curved surface protrudes toward the outlet end of the anode flow channel 11. The bottom of the upstream flow channel 5 on the cathode flow channel 21 is also set to be a curved surface, and the curved surface protrudes toward the outlet end of the cathode flow channel 21.

The curved surface can slow down the speed that gas flows to increase the time of gas reaction in bipolar plate, the curved surface can reduce gaseous impact simultaneously, increases bipolar plate's stability.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 5, the difference from the above embodiment is that the bottom portions in the anode flow channel 11 and the cathode flow channel 21 are provided as arc-shaped surfaces, and the arc-shaped surfaces are gradually protruded from both sides to the middle. The water is gathered towards the sunken positions of both sides along the arc to utilize mutual viscidity between the moisture, the whole flow of quick drive water reaches the effect of quick drainage.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 6, the difference from embodiment 3 is that the bottoms in the anode flow channels 11 and the cathode flow channels 21 are provided with wavy curved surfaces, thereby forming a plurality of trenches parallel to the anode flow channels 11. Due to the wavy arrangement, a plurality of ditches arranged side by side exist at the bottoms of the anode flow channel 11 and the cathode flow channel 21, so that the water gathering speed is increased, and the drainage efficiency is improved.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a metal bipolar plate of stairstepping runner for fuel cell, is including laminating welded positive pole veneer (1) and negative pole veneer (2), be equipped with coolant runner (3) between positive pole veneer (1) and negative pole veneer (2), one side that coolant runner (3) were kept away from in positive pole veneer (1) is equipped with positive pole runner (11), one side that coolant runner (3) were kept away from in negative pole veneer (2) is equipped with negative pole runner (21), its characterized in that: the bottom of the anode runner (11) is arranged to be stepped, the inlet of the anode runner (11) is larger than the outlet of the anode runner (11), the arrangement of the cathode runner (21) is the same as that of the anode runner (11), and the outlet directions of the cathode runner (21) and the anode runner (11) are opposite.

2. The stepped flow channel metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the anode flow channel structure is characterized in that a plurality of break points are arranged on the anode flow channel (11), the anode flow channel (11) is arranged along the break points in a zigzag mode, all the anode flow channels (11) are parallel to each other, the cathode flow channel (21) and the anode flow channel (11) are arranged oppositely, and the cathode flow channel and the anode flow channel are parallel to each other.

3. The stepped flow channel metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the anode flow channel (11) comprises a plurality of sections of advection flow channels (4) and a plurality of sections of upstream flow channels (5), one section of the upstream flow channel (5) is arranged between two adjacent sections of advection flow channels (4), and the bottom of the upstream flow channel (5) gradually rises from one end close to the inlet to one end close to the outlet.

4. The stepped flow channel metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the bottom of the upstream flow channel (5) is provided with an inclined surface, and the inclined surface gradually rises towards one end close to the outlet.

5. The stepped flow channel metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the bottom of the upstream flow channel (5) is a curved surface which gradually rises towards one end close to the outlet and protrudes towards one side of the outlet.

6. The stepped flow channel metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the anode flow channel (11) and the cathode flow channel (21) are gradually widened from the bottom of the flow channels to the flow channel opening.

7. The stepped flow channel metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the bottoms of the anode flow channel (11) and the cathode flow channel (21) are both set to be curved surfaces.

8. The stepped flow channel metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the curved surface is arc-shaped and gradually protrudes from two sides to the middle.

9. The stepped flow channel metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the curved surface is arranged in a wavy shape and forms a plurality of ditches parallel to the direction of the advection flow channel (4).