CN215292558U - Ventilation structure device for long and large tunnel - Google Patents
Ventilation structure device for long and large tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN215292558U CN215292558U CN202120477916.1U CN202120477916U CN215292558U CN 215292558 U CN215292558 U CN 215292558U CN 202120477916 U CN202120477916 U CN 202120477916U CN 215292558 U CN215292558 U CN 215292558U
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a ventilation structure device for a long and large tunnel, which comprises a tunnel fresh air system, a tunnel smoke exhaust system and a control system; the tunnel fresh air system comprises a fresh air fan, an air pipe and an air door; the tunnel smoke exhaust system comprises a smoke blocking vertical wall and a smoke exhaust fan; the air pipe is respectively communicated with the smoke exhaust fan and the fresh air fan; the control system comprises a controller, a smoke detector and a temperature detector; the air door comprises an air door plate, a driving motor, a first connecting rod, a first support, a second connecting rod and a second support; the controller is respectively in signal connection with the smoke detector, the temperature detector, the fresh air fan, the smoke exhaust fan and the driving motor; the utility model has the advantages that the fresh air fan and the smoke exhaust fan share the air pipe, thereby reducing the investment; when a fire disaster occurs, the controller sends a stop signal to the fresh air fan, and simultaneously sends a closing signal to the air door of an area without the fire disaster and sends a starting signal to the smoke exhaust fan; the damage of the smoke to people and vehicles is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tunnel ventilation unit, especially a be used for tunnel ventilation constructional device of growing up.
Background
Since the establishment of new China, China co-establishes 8230 various tunnels, which are lengthened by 6840 km in total, and the tunnels are used as node projects on traffic lines, play roles in overcoming terrain, improving linearity, increasing vehicle speed, shortening mileage, saving fuel and the like, and have beneficial effects on local production and life. When a vehicle passes through the tunnel by taking a car, the air quality in the tunnel directly influences the body health of the vehicle. Therefore, it is of great importance to maintain the quality of the air inside the tunnel.
Health is always a hot topic of people's attention, and the influence of the surrounding environment on the health is considered in any case, so in the operation and use of the tunnel, the ventilation of the tunnel plays a crucial role, and like the blood of the whole tunnel, the ventilation of the tunnel is concerned about the life of the whole tunnel.
In a long tunnel, once a fire disaster happens, the temperature in the tunnel is rapidly raised, smoke rapidly spreads, people are difficult to evacuate and rescue, and ventilation and smoke exhaust are needed by means of auxiliary equipment. If the ventilation of the tunnel is poor, harmful gas is reserved in the tunnel, the lives of maintenance personnel and crew members in the tunnel and vehicles are endangered, and serious safety accidents occur.
In the ventilation measures adopted by the existing long and large tunnel, the fresh air pipeline and the smoke exhaust pipeline are generally arranged independently. Because the probability of fire in the tunnel is not large, the smoke exhaust pipeline arranged independently is not economical. Therefore, how to design a ventilation structure device for the fresh air and smoke exhaust of the long and large tunnel becomes a problem to be solved currently.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a tunnel ventilation constructional device for growing up can solve the problem that tunnel ventilation and discharge fume.
In order to solve the above problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a ventilation structure device for a long and large tunnel comprises a tunnel fresh air system, a tunnel smoke exhaust system and a control system; the tunnel fresh air system comprises a fresh air fan, an air pipe hanger and an air door; the air pipe is fixedly connected with the top of the tunnel through an air pipe hanger, and the fresh air fan is communicated with the air pipe; the tunnel smoke exhaust system comprises a smoke blocking vertical wall and a smoke exhaust fan; the smoke exhaust fan is communicated with the air pipe, and the control system comprises a controller, a smoke detector and a temperature detector. The smoke detector is arranged in the tunnel, and the temperature detector is arranged at an air inlet of the smoke exhaust fan (8); the controller is respectively electrically connected with the smoke detector and the temperature-sensitive detector
Further, the air pipe is provided with an air outlet, and the air door for opening and closing the air outlet comprises an air door plate, a first connecting rod, a first support, a second connecting rod and a second support; one side surface of the wind door plate is provided with a first hinge hole, and the other side surface of the wind door plate is provided with a second hinge hole; the first hinge hole and the second hinge hole are positioned on the side surface of the air door plate far away from the air outlet of the air pipe, and the first hinge hole is rotatably connected with one end of the first connecting rod; the second hinge hole is rotatably connected with one end of the second connecting rod; the other end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected with the first bracket; and the first connecting rod is rotated, the air door plate rotates towards the air outlet under the action of gravity, and the air door plate is opened in a horizontal state under the pulling of the first connecting rod.
Further, the air door further comprises a driving motor, a shell of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the first support, and an output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the first connecting rod.
Furthermore, the smoke blocking vertical walls are vertical to the length direction of the tunnel, the height h of each smoke blocking vertical wall is not less than 600 mm, and the horizontal area of the tunnel between every two adjacent smoke blocking vertical walls is not more than 500 m2(ii) a At least one smoke detector is arranged in the middle of the top of the tunnel between two adjacent smoke blocking vertical walls; the air pipe between two adjacent smoke-blocking vertical walls is at least provided with an air outlet, and the position of each air outlet is correspondingly provided with one air door.
Further, the temperature-sensitive detector is mounted on the air pipe close to the smoke exhaust fan.
Further, the continuous working time of the smoke exhaust fan is not less than 2 hours;
further, the controller is in signal connection with the smoke detector, the temperature detector, the fresh air fan, the smoke exhaust fan and the driving motor of the air door respectively; when a fire disaster occurs, the smoke detector transmits a detected signal to the controller, the controller sends a stop signal to the fresh air fan, meanwhile, the controller sends a closing signal to a driving motor of an air door of an area without the fire disaster, and the controller sends a starting signal to the smoke exhaust fan; along with the expansion of the fire, if the temperature of the smoke detected by the temperature-sensitive detector reaches the temperature, the controller sends a command of stopping working to the smoke exhaust fan, so that the smoke exhaust fan is prevented from being ignited by the high-temperature smoke.
Furthermore, the fresh air fan is provided with an elastic rubber shock pad.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the air pipe is respectively connected with the smoke exhaust fan and the fresh air fan; the fresh air and the smoke exhaust share the air pipe, so that the investment is reduced;
2. the air door used for opening and closing the air outlet comprises an air door plate, a first connecting rod, a first support, a second connecting rod and a second support; one side surface of the wind door plate is provided with a first hinge hole, and the other side surface of the wind door plate is provided with a second hinge hole; the first hinge hole and the second hinge hole are positioned on the side surface of the air door plate far away from the air outlet of the air pipe, and the first hinge hole is rotatably connected with one end of the first connecting rod; the second hinge hole is rotatably connected with one end of the second connecting rod; the other end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected with the first bracket; the first connecting rod is rotated, the air door plate rotates towards the air outlet under the action of gravity, and the air door plate is pulled by the first connecting rod to be opened in a horizontal state; like this first connecting rod and the length ratio of second connecting rod directly drive the fan board and open, can reduce length, reduced the stroke of first connecting rod and second connecting rod for this device is more convenient.
3. The air door opening and closing mechanism is ingenious in design, simple in structure and easy to maintain;
4. the air door can be automatically opened and closed by the arranged motor, and a foundation is laid for automatic operation of equipment;
5. through the cigarette wall that hangs down that keeps off that sets up, divide the tunnel into a plurality of fire prevention subregion, when being convenient for take place the conflagration, with the hot flue gas control of conflagration initial stage between two adjacent cigarette walls that hang down, avoid hot flue gas to stretch fast. Time is won for escape of people and vehicles;
6. through the design that the smoke exhaust fan continuously works for 2 hours at the environmental temperature of not higher than 250 ℃, the problem that the smoke exhaust fan cannot bear the temperature of hot smoke and fails to fully exhaust smoke when a fire disaster occurs is avoided;
7. through the temperature sensor arranged on the air pipe close to the smoke exhaust fan, when the detected temperature of hot smoke exceeds 250 ℃, the controller sends a signal for stopping rotation to the smoke exhaust fan, and experiments show that open fire occurs in the hot smoke exceeding 250 ℃, so that the fire in the tunnel can be prevented from being led out of the tunnel, and a larger fire can be prevented;
8. the controller is respectively in signal connection with the smoke detector, the temperature detector, the fresh air fan, the smoke exhaust fan and the driving motor of the air door; when a fire disaster occurs, the smoke detector transmits a detected signal to the controller, the controller sends a stop signal to the fresh air fan, meanwhile, the controller sends a closing signal to an air door of an area without the fire disaster, and the controller sends a starting signal to the smoke exhaust fan; the damage of the smoke to people and vehicles is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional left side view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at B;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the damper closed;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the damper in an open configuration;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a damper plate.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:
the device comprises a fresh air fan 1, an air pipe 2, an air door 3, a smoke blocking vertical wall 4, a smoke detector 5, an air pipe hanger 6, a temperature detector 7, a smoke exhaust fan 8, an elastic rubber shock pad 10, a second support 31, a second support 32, a second connecting rod 33, a first support 34, a first connecting rod 35, an air door plate 350, a first hinge hole 351 and a second hinge hole.
Detailed Description
The drawings in the embodiments of the present invention will be combined; the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model is clearly and completely described; the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention; but not all embodiments, are based on the embodiments of the invention; all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort; all belong to the protection scope of the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1-7:
a ventilation structure device for a long and large tunnel comprises a tunnel fresh air system, a tunnel smoke exhaust system and a control system; the tunnel fresh air system comprises a fresh air fan 1, an air pipe 2, an air pipe hanger 6 and an air door 3; the air pipe 2 is fixedly connected with the top of the tunnel through an air pipe hanger 6, and the fresh air fan 1 is communicated with the air pipe 2; the tunnel smoke exhaust system comprises a smoke baffle vertical wall 4 and a smoke exhaust fan 8; the smoke exhaust fan 8 is communicated with the air pipe 2, and the control system comprises a controller, a smoke detector 5 and a temperature detector 7. The purposes of saving energy, reducing investment and occupying less space are achieved by sharing the air pipe 2 with the smoke exhaust fan 8 and the fresh air fan 2. The air pipe 2 is provided with a plurality of air outlets; the number of the air doors 3 is equal to that of the air outlets; the air door 3 is used for opening and closing an air outlet of the air pipe 2; the smoke blocking vertical walls 4 are cuboid, at least two smoke blocking vertical walls 4 are arranged, the length direction of the smoke blocking vertical walls 4 is perpendicular to the length direction of the tunnel, and the smoke blocking vertical walls 4 are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the tunnel; the smoke detector 5 is installed in the tunnel, and the temperature detector 7 is installed at an air inlet of the smoke exhaust fan 8; the controller is respectively electrically connected with the smoke detector 5 and the temperature-sensitive detector 7
As shown in fig. 4-6, the air duct 2 is provided with an air outlet, and the air door 3 for opening and closing the air outlet includes an air door plate 35, a first connecting rod 34, a first bracket 33, a second connecting rod 32, and a second bracket 31; a first hinge hole 350 is formed in one side surface of the wind door plate 35, and a second hinge hole 351 is formed in the other side surface of the wind door plate 35; the first hinge hole 350 and the second hinge hole 351 are located on the side surface of the air flap panel 35 away from the air outlet of the air duct 2, and the first hinge hole 350 is rotatably connected with one end of the first connecting rod 34; the second hinge hole 351 is rotatably connected to one end of the second link 32; the other end of the first connecting rod 34 is rotatably connected with the first bracket 33; the first connecting rod 34 is rotated, the air door plate 35 rotates towards the air outlet direction under the action of gravity, and the air door plate 35 is opened in a horizontal state under the pulling of the first connecting rod 34. Rotating the first connecting rod 34, wherein the air door plate 35 rotates towards the air outlet direction under the action of gravity, and the air door plate 35 is opened in a horizontal state under the pulling of the first connecting rod 34; when the wind door panel 35 is opened, the second connecting rod 32 plays a role of auxiliary support; due to the design, when the air door plate 35 is opened, the air door plate 35 rotates downwards with one side of the air outlet in contact, the stroke of the first connecting rod 34 and the second connecting rod 32 is reduced, and the device is more convenient and fast.
The air door further comprises a driving motor, a shell of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the first support 33, and an output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the first connecting rod 34.
The height h of the smoke-blocking vertical wall 4 is not less than 600 mm, and the horizontal area of the tunnel between two adjacent smoke-blocking vertical walls 4 is not more than 500 m2(ii) a At least one smoke detector 5 is arranged in the middle of the top of the tunnel between two adjacent smoke-blocking vertical walls 4. The tunnel is divided into a plurality of plane areas which are not more than 500 m by the smoke-blocking vertical wall 42The fire prevention subarea is convenient for the fire disaster initial stage when the fire disaster happensThe hot smoke is controlled between two adjacent smoke-blocking vertical walls 4, so that the hot smoke is prevented from rapidly spreading; the time is strived for the escape of people and vehicles. The air pipe 2 between two adjacent smoke-blocking vertical walls 4 is at least provided with an air outlet, and the position of each air outlet is correspondingly provided with one air door 3. The smoke between the adjacent smoke-blocking vertical walls 4 can be discharged through the smoke exhaust fan 8.
The temperature-sensitive detector 7 is mounted on the air pipe 2 close to the smoke exhaust fan 8. The continuous working time of the smoke exhaust fan 8 is not less than 2 hours at the temperature of 250 ℃; the design that the smoke exhaust fan can continuously work for 2 hours at 250 ℃ is to avoid that the smoke exhaust fan 8 cannot bear the temperature of hot smoke to generate faults and cannot fully exhaust smoke when a fire disaster occurs.
The controller is respectively in signal connection with the smoke detector 5, the temperature detector 7, the fresh air fan 1, the smoke exhaust fan 8 and the driving motor of the air door 3; when a fire disaster occurs, the smoke detector 5 transmits a detected signal to the controller, the controller sends a stop signal to the fresh air fan 1, meanwhile, the controller sends a closing signal to the air door 3 of an area without the fire disaster, and the controller sends a starting signal to the smoke exhaust fan 8; along with the expansion of the fire, if the temperature of the smoke detected by the temperature-sensitive detector 7 reaches 250 ℃, the controller sends a command of stopping working to the smoke exhaust fan 8, so that the smoke exhaust fan 8 is prevented from being ignited by the high-temperature smoke, and then the fire spreads out of the tunnel, so that the loss is expanded.
The controller adopts a Siemens programmable logic controller S7-200, has a communication interface, and can exchange data with a control center.
A smoke fire detector is a type of fire detector that responds to solid particles produced by combustion. According to the nature or the intensity of certain physical quantity which can be directly or indirectly changed by smoke particles, the smoke detector can be divided into an ionic type, a photoelectric type, a laser type, a capacitance type semiconductor type and the like, the novel smoke detector 5 adopts a common RS-YG-N01 photoelectric smoke fire detection alarm in the market, takes smoke as a main detection object and is suitable for places with smoldering stages at the initial stage of fire.
The heat-sensitive fire detector (temperature sensing for short) mainly uses a heat-sensitive element to detect fire. In the initial stage of a fire, on the one hand, a large amount of smoke is generated, and on the other hand, a large amount of heat is released in the combustion process of substances, and the temperature of the surrounding environment rises sharply. The thermosensitive element in the detector is subjected to physical change, responds to abnormal temperature, temperature rate and temperature difference, converts the temperature signal into an electric signal and carries out alarm processing.
The heat fire detector is generally composed of three parts, namely a temperature sensing element, a circuit and an alarm. The temperature sensing element is divided into three types of temperature-constant type, differential type, and temperature-constant difference dynamic type temperature sensing fire alarm, and the temperature sensing area is generally 30-40 m2. The novel temperature-sensitive detector is a JTW-ZCD-G3N Bay temperature-sensitive detector of Bay corporation.
As shown in fig. 3, the fresh air blower 1 is provided with an elastic rubber shock pad. Because the new trend fan is at work, can shake in the difficult exemption, the installation elasticity rubber shock pad is in order to reduce vibrations to the harm of new trend fan, the life of extension new trend fan and tuber pipe.
However, the smoke exhaust fan 8 is not allowed to be provided with an elastic rubber shock absorption block, because the smoke exhaust fan is high in temperature during working, a shock absorption pad can be damaged, the purpose of reducing vibration cannot be achieved at all, and because a rubber part is inflammable, a secondary fire can happen.
In the using method of the utility model, the air door 3 is in an open state at ordinary times, and the fresh air fan 2 is started to supply air into the tunnel; when a fire disaster occurs, the smoke detector 5 sends a signal to the controller after detecting the fire disaster, and the controller sends a starting signal to the smoke exhaust fan 8 after receiving the signal of the smoke detector 5 through logic judgment; sending a stop signal to the fresh air fan, and sending a signal for closing the air door plate 35 to the driving motor of the air door 3 in the area without fire; if the fire spreads and the fire in the tunnel cannot be controlled, a temperature-sensing detector arranged at the tail end of the air pipe 2 and close to the smoke exhaust fan 8 sends a signal to the controller when detecting that the temperature of the smoke reaches 250 ℃; the controller sends a stop signal to the smoke exhaust fan 8. And the fire in the tunnel is prevented from spreading outdoors.
When a fire disaster happens, the controller sends out an alarm signal to the control center through the network, and the control center reminds maintenance personnel to go to the site to check.
The above; is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto; any person skilled in the art is within the technical scope of the present disclosure; according to the technical scheme of the utility model and the improvement conception, equivalent substitution or change is carried out; are all covered by the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (7)
1. A ventilation structure device for a long and large tunnel is characterized by comprising a tunnel fresh air system, a tunnel smoke exhaust system and a control system; the tunnel fresh air system comprises a fresh air fan (1), an air pipe (2), an air pipe hanger (6) and an air door (3); the air pipe (2) is provided with a plurality of air outlets; the number of the air doors (3) is equal to that of the air outlets; the air door (3) is used for opening and closing an air outlet of the air pipe (2); the air pipe (2) is fixedly connected with the top of the tunnel through the air pipe hanger (6); the fresh air fan (1) is communicated with the air pipe (2); the tunnel smoke exhaust system comprises a smoke blocking vertical wall (4) and a smoke exhaust fan (8); the smoke exhaust fan (8) is communicated with the air pipe (2); the smoke-blocking vertical walls (4) are cuboid, at least two smoke-blocking vertical walls (4) are arranged, the length direction of the smoke-blocking vertical walls (4) is vertical to the length direction of the tunnel, and the smoke-blocking vertical walls (4) are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the tunnel; the control system comprises a controller, a smoke detector (5) and a temperature-sensitive detector (7); the smoke detector (5) is installed in the tunnel, and the temperature detector (7) is installed at an air inlet of the smoke exhaust fan (8); the controller is respectively and electrically connected with the smoke detector (5) and the temperature-sensitive detector (7).
2. A ventilation structure device for a long and large tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air door (3) used for opening and closing the air outlet comprises an air door plate (35), a first connecting rod (34), a first support (33), a second connecting rod (32) and a second support (31); a first hinge hole (350) is formed in one side face of the wind door plate (35), and a second hinge hole (351) is formed in the other side face of the wind door plate (35); the first hinge hole (350) and the second hinge hole (351) are positioned on the side surface of the air door panel (35) and are far away from the air outlet of the air pipe (2), and the first hinge hole (350) is rotatably connected with one end of the first connecting rod (34); the other end of the first connecting rod (34) is rotatably connected with the first bracket (33); the second hinge hole (351) is rotatably connected with one end of the second connecting rod (32); the other end of the second connecting rod (32) is rotatably connected with the second bracket (31).
3. A ventilation structure device for a long and large tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: the air door further comprises a driving motor, the driving motor is fixedly connected with a first support (33), and the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the first connecting rod (34).
4. A ventilation structure device for a long and large tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: the top of the smoke-blocking vertical wall (4) is fixedly connected with the top of the tunnel, two ends of the smoke-blocking vertical wall (4) are respectively and tightly attached to the side surface of the tunnel, and the height H of the smoke-blocking vertical wall (4) is not less than 600 mm; the horizontal area of the tunnel between two adjacent smoke-blocking vertical walls (4) is not more than 500 m2(ii) a At least one smoke detector (5) is arranged in the middle of the top of the tunnel between two adjacent smoke-blocking vertical walls (4); the air pipe (2) between two adjacent smoke-blocking vertical walls (4) is at least provided with an air outlet, and the position of each air outlet is correspondingly provided with one air door (3).
5. A ventilation structure device for a long and large tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: the temperature-sensitive detector (7) is arranged on the air pipe (2) close to the smoke exhaust fan (8).
6. A ventilation structure device for a long and large tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: the controller is respectively in signal connection with the smoke detector (5), the temperature detector (7), the fresh air fan (1), the smoke exhaust fan (8) and the driving motor of the air door (3); when a fire disaster happens, the smoke detector (5) transmits a detected signal to the controller, the controller sends a stop signal to the fresh air fan (1), and meanwhile, the controller sends a closing signal to a driving motor of an air door of an area without the fire disaster to close an air door plate (35); the controller sends a starting signal to the smoke exhaust fan (8).
7. A ventilation structure device for a long and large tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: the fresh air fan (1) is provided with an elastic rubber shock pad.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120477916.1U CN215292558U (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-03-05 | Ventilation structure device for long and large tunnel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120477916.1U CN215292558U (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-03-05 | Ventilation structure device for long and large tunnel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215292558U true CN215292558U (en) | 2021-12-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120477916.1U Active CN215292558U (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-03-05 | Ventilation structure device for long and large tunnel |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN215292558U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-03-05 CN CN202120477916.1U patent/CN215292558U/en active Active
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