CN215266649U - Antenna and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides an antenna and an electronic device. The antenna comprises a substrate, a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator and a first phase inverter. The substrate comprises a first surface, the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are sequentially arranged on the first surface along a first direction, the first phase inverter and the first radiator or the second radiator are oppositely arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The first phase inverter is connected with the first radiator and the third radiator, and the third radiator is connected with the second radiator through the feed structure. The first inverter directly conducts the first radiator and the third radiator to enable the antenna to be a low-frequency antenna, the first inverter changes the direction of current flowing through the first radiator, and the currents flowing through the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are connected in series in the same direction, so that the antenna is a high-frequency antenna. The antenna provided by the application can realize large signal coverage and high gain under small size.

Description

Antenna and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna and electronic equipment.

Background

In recent years, with the popularization of electronic devices and wireless local area networks, antenna design relying on signal transmission and reception is particularly important when providing network transmission services, and the performance of the antenna design affects the signal transmission and reception performance. Under the factors such as appearance, competitiveness, home scene use habit and the like, the size and the ID of the existing network device built-in product are evolving towards miniaturization, which means that the size of an antenna is smaller and smaller due to the smaller space design, so that the problem to be solved urgently is how to design the antenna which can ensure the signal coverage and increase the antenna gain of a high frequency band.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The application provides an antenna, can realize that signal coverage is big and high gain in finite space to solve the technical problem that present antenna multifrequency section is difficult to promote antenna gain.

The application provides an antenna, which comprises a substrate, a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator and a first phase inverter. The substrate comprises a first surface, the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are sequentially arranged on the first surface along a first direction, the first phase inverter and the first radiator or the second radiator are arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The first phase inverter is connected with the first radiator and the third radiator, and the third radiator is connected with the second radiator through a feed structure. The first phase inverter directly conducts the first radiator and the third radiator to enable the antenna to be a low-frequency antenna, the first phase inverter changes the direction of current flowing through the first radiator, and the currents flowing through the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are connected in the same direction in series, so that the antenna is a high-frequency antenna.

This application utilizes the space of second irradiator one side, will first phase inverter with the second irradiator is followed the relative interval in second direction sets up, can reduce the length of antenna does benefit to the miniaturization of antenna. When the antenna is a high-frequency antenna, the currents of the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are connected in series in the same direction, so that the field superposition of each point in space is enhanced, the high-frequency gain of the antenna is improved, and the signal coverage area of the antenna is further improved. When the miniaturization of the antenna is realized, the multiplexing of the radiating bodies is adopted, extra radiating bodies do not need to be added, double-frequency coverage can be realized, the coverage frequency band of the antenna is increased, and therefore the use scene of the antenna is widened.

In a possible implementation manner, an orthographic projection of the first inverter in the second direction at least partially falls into an orthographic projection of the first radiator or the second radiator in the second direction, so as to reduce a length dimension of the antenna in the first direction, which is beneficial to miniaturization of the antenna. The first direction of the present embodiment refers to the longitudinal direction of the antenna.

In one possible embodiment, the first radiator and the second radiator are disposed at an offset in the first direction, and an orthogonal projection of the third radiator in the first direction at least partially overlaps an orthogonal projection of the first radiator and the second radiator in the first direction. In this application, the position of first irradiator second irradiator and third irradiator is arranged and can be reducing antenna substrate's length dimension as far as possible, makes arranging of each irradiator compacter.

In one possible embodiment, the first radiator includes a main body and a branch extending from one side of the main body, and the branch extends from the main body to the first inverter and is electrically connected to the inverter. The first phase inverter is electrically connected with the first radiator through the branch knot, so that current transmission between the phase inverter and the first radiator is realized. The first inverter is located between the first radiator and the third radiator, or may be located in a vacancy area at one end of the second radiator on one side of the first radiator. And the first phase inverter is connected with the third radiator through a routing or a branch of the third radiator.

In a possible implementation manner, the radiation frequency band of the antenna is 2.1GHz-8.0GHz, which covers the low frequency band and the high frequency band, and can cover a wider range.

In a possible implementation manner, the radiation frequency band of the low-frequency antenna is 2.3 to 3.0GHz, and the radiation frequency band of the high-frequency antenna is 5 to 7 GHz. The antenna provided by the application covers a low-frequency band and a high-frequency band, and double-frequency coverage is realized.

In a possible implementation manner, the radiation frequency of the antenna further includes 1.4GHz, and the scheme based on this embodiment further widens the radiation frequency band of the antenna.

In one possible implementation, the gain of the high-frequency antenna is 4.59dBi, which is higher than the gain of a conventional dipole by about 2dBi, and the signal coverage area of the antenna is increased.

In one possible embodiment, the length of the antenna in the first direction is one half wavelength of the operating frequency of the antenna. The antenna provided by the application has the advantages that the length and the size are small, high frequency can be realized, and the miniaturization of the antenna is realized.

In a possible embodiment, the length of the antenna in the first direction is 50mm, and the length is within a half wavelength of the operating frequency of the antenna, so that the high frequency of the antenna can be realized, and the miniaturization of the antenna is realized.

In one possible implementation, the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are all plate-shaped solid metal sheets attached to the first surface. In other words, the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are all metal sheets (no hollow means new metal sheet bodies with uniform thickness) with no hollow on the first surface, so that the radiation efficiency of the antenna can be increased, the mechanical strength of each radiator is ensured, and the structural strength of the antenna is increased.

In one possible embodiment, the outer circumferential outlines of the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are all polygons. The first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator provided by the application are simple in structure and are formed.

In a possible implementation, the antenna further includes a second inverter and a fourth radiator, the fourth radiator is spaced apart from the second radiator along the first direction, and the second inverter connects the second radiator and the fourth radiator; the first phase inverter directly conducts the first radiator and the third radiator, and the second phase inverter directly conducts the second radiator and the fourth radiator, so that the antenna is a low-frequency antenna; the first phase inverter changes the direction of current flowing through the first radiator, and the currents flowing through the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator are connected in series in the same direction, so that the antenna is a high-frequency antenna. In this embodiment, by adding the fourth radiator and the second inverter, the area of a radiator in the antenna is increased, so that the radiation frequency band of the antenna is increased, and the radiation range of the antenna is expanded.

In one possible implementation, the antenna includes a third inverter and a fifth radiator, the fifth radiator is spaced apart from the third radiator along the first direction, and the third inverter connects the third radiator and the fifth radiator; the first phase inverter directly conducts the first radiator and the third radiator, and the third phase inverter directly conducts the third radiator and the fifth radiator, so that the antenna is a low-frequency antenna; the first phase inverter changes the direction of current flowing through the first radiator, the third phase inverter changes the direction of current flowing through the fifth radiator, and the currents flowing through the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fifth radiator are connected in series in the same direction, so that the antenna is a high-frequency antenna. In this embodiment, by adding the fifth radiator and the third inverter, the area of the radiator in the antenna is further increased, so that the radiation area of the antenna is increased, and the radiation range of the antenna is further expanded.

The present application further provides an electronic device comprising a radio frequency circuit and the above antenna, wherein the feed structure of the antenna is electrically connected to the radio frequency circuit. In this embodiment, the radio frequency circuit may be disposed on the substrate, the radio frequency circuit is electrically connected to the feed structure of the antenna, and the radio frequency circuit receives and transmits signals through the antenna, so as to realize signal transmission between the electronic device and the outside.

This application utilizes the space of second irradiator one side, will first phase inverter with the second irradiator is followed the relative interval in second direction sets up, can reduce the length of antenna does benefit to the miniaturization of antenna. Meanwhile, the antenna can also realize double-frequency coverage, and the coverage frequency range of the antenna is increased, so that the use scene of the antenna is widened. When the antenna is a high-frequency antenna, the currents of the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are connected in series in the same direction, so that the field superposition of each point in space is enhanced, the high-frequency gain of the antenna is improved, and the signal coverage area of the antenna is further improved. The antenna provided by the application can realize large signal coverage and high gain in a limited space so as to solve the technical problem that the multi-band frequency of the existing antenna is difficult to improve the gain of the antenna.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the background art of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments or the background art of the present application will be described below.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application of an electronic device including an antenna provided by the present application as a home gateway in a home gateway system;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific application scenario of an electronic device (which is a home gateway) provided in the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a graph of internal current distribution when the antenna of FIG. 3 is a high frequency antenna;

FIG. 5 is a graph of internal current distribution when the antenna of FIG. 3 is a low frequency antenna;

FIG. 6 is a graph of the internal current distribution of the antenna of FIG. 3 at a radiation frequency of 1.4 GHz;

FIG. 7 is a graph of the S-parameter of the antenna shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 8 is a 3D pattern at 2.45GHz for the antenna of FIG. 3;

FIG. 9 is a 3D pattern at 5.5GHz for the antenna of FIG. 3;

FIG. 10 is a 3D pattern at 1.4GHz for the antenna of FIG. 3;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the application.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

For convenience of understanding, related technical terms referred to in the embodiments of the present application are explained and described below.

A home gateway: the intelligent network device is a network device located in a modern home, and is used for enabling a home user to be connected to the Internet, enabling various intelligent devices located in the home to be served by the Internet, or enabling the intelligent devices to be communicated with one another. In brief, the home gateway is a bridge for networking various intelligent devices inside a home and interconnecting the intelligent devices from inside the home to an external network. From a technical point of view, the home gateway implements bridging/routing, protocol conversion, address management and translation inside the home and from inside to outside, assumes the role of a firewall, and provides possible VoIP/Video over IP services and the like.

And (3) wireless AP: the Access Point (AP), the session Point (sip AP), or the Access bridge is a generic name that includes not only a simple wireless Access Point (AP), but also a wireless router (including a wireless gateway and a wireless bridge). The wireless AP access point supports wireless application of 2.4GHz frequency, the sensitivity accords with the 802.11n standard, two-way radio frequency output is adopted, the maximum output of each way is 600 milliwatts, wireless coverage can be deployed in a large-area through a wireless distribution system (point-to-point and point-to-multipoint bridging), and the wireless AP access point is a necessary wireless AP device for the hotel development wireless network.

A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is an abstract mathematical model for describing a Multi-antenna wireless communication system, which can utilize multiple antennas at a transmitting end to independently transmit signals, and simultaneously receive and recover original information at a receiving end by using multiple antennas. This technique was first proposed by marchony in 1908 and uses multiple antennas to suppress channel fading (fading). The MIMO type of Multi-antenna technology still includes early so-called "smart antennas" compared to a common Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) system, i.e., a Single-Input Multi-Output (SIMO) system and a Multiple-Input Single-Output (MISO) system, according to the number of antennas at both ends of the transceiver.

An omnidirectional antenna, i.e. a horizontal directional pattern shows 360 ° uniform radiation, i.e. no directivity, and a vertical directional pattern shows a beam with a certain width, and generally the smaller the lobe width, the larger the gain. The omnidirectional antenna is generally applied to a station type in a county large district system in a mobile communication system, and the coverage area is large.

The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an application of an electronic device including an antenna provided by the present application as a home gateway in a home gateway system. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the electronic device provided in the present application is a home gateway, the home gateway is connected between an optical office and a terminal device, the optical office is connected to a wide area network (internet), the optical office acquires a signal from the wide area network (internet) and transmits the signal to the home gateway, and an antenna provided in the home gateway transmits the signal to each terminal device. The home gateway comprises a digital module, a radio frequency module and an antenna, wherein the digital module is connected between the optical local side and the radio frequency module, and the radio frequency module is used for sending radio frequency signals to the antenna. With the development of home intelligence, various intelligent terminal devices are configured in the home, and more antennas need to be configured in the home gateway to provide signals for the various terminal devices. For example, the antennas may include an antenna 1, an antenna 2, an antenna 3, an antenna 4, and an antenna 5, the antenna 1 may be a low frequency antenna, for example, the low frequency antenna may be a 2G antenna or a 3G antenna, the antenna 2, the antenna 3, the antenna 4, and the antenna 5 may be a high frequency antenna, for example, the high frequency antenna may be a 5G antenna or a 6G antenna. In other embodiments, the antennas may have other configurations, for example, the number of the low frequency antennas may be two or more than three, and the number of the high frequency antennas may be one or two or more than two.

In one embodiment, the terminal device may include a smart phone, a smart home (e.g., air conditioner, electric fan, washing machine, refrigerator, etc.), a smart tv, a smart security (e.g., video camera). The smart phone can be used in a low frequency range and can also be used in a high frequency range, for example, the smart phone can support signals of two frequencies, namely 2G and 5G. Thus, as shown in fig. 1, antenna 1 and antenna 2 both provide signals to the smartphone. Antenna 3 provides the signal for intelligent house, and to intelligent house, through intelligent home gateway system platform, the user can carry out the state to long-range intelligent household electrical appliances, lighting system, electrical power generating system etc. and look over and control through modes such as cell-phone and PC end. The antenna 4 provides signals for the intelligent television, a user can also remotely control the intelligent television through terminal equipment, and the intelligent television can have the functions of a network television and a video conference. The antenna 5 provides signals for intelligent security, and the intelligent video security system can have the functions of fire prevention, theft prevention, leakage prevention, remote monitoring and the like. The user can remotely check and set the home security system by using a mobile phone and the Internet, and can also remotely monitor the internal conditions of the home, and if the abnormal conditions are detected, the security system can inform the user by calling, sending short messages, sending mails and the like.

Fig. 2 shows a specific application scene schematic diagram of an electronic device (not shown) provided by the present application (being a home gateway), as shown in fig. 2, in a specific home scene, different rooms on the same floor all need WIFI signals, different floors also have requirements for WIFI signals, different antennas are included in the home gateway, not only can horizontal omnidirectional radiation be realized, that is, different rooms on the same floor can be radiated, WIFI signal requirements of different rooms on the same floor are met, vertical through-building radiation can also be realized, and WIFI signal requirements of different floors are met. The ellipse labeled a in fig. 2 represents the ability of the antenna to radiate horizontally omni-directionally, the ellipse labeled B in fig. 2 represents the ability of the antenna to radiate horizontally directionally, and the ellipse labeled C in fig. 2 represents the ability of the antenna to radiate vertically through the building.

The antenna provided by the application adopts the multiplexing of the radiating body while realizing the miniaturization of the antenna, does not need to increase an additional radiating body, can also realize double-frequency coverage, and increases the coverage frequency band of the antenna, thereby widening the use scene of the antenna.

An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, where the electronic device may be a home gateway, or may be another electronic device, for example: wireless APs, home hotspots, CPEs (Customer Premise Equipment), etc.

Referring to fig. 3, the present application provides an antenna 100, wherein the antenna 100 is a schematic structural diagram obtained after a housing of an electronic device is removed. The antenna 100 includes a substrate 10, a first radiator 21, a second radiator 22, a third radiator 23, and a first inverter 30. The substrate 10 includes a first surface 101, the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 are sequentially disposed on the first surface 101 along a first direction X, the first inverter 30 and the second radiator 22 are relatively spaced along a second direction Y, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X. The first inverter 30 is connected to the first radiator 21 and the third radiator 23, and the third radiator 23 and the second radiator 22 are connected by a feed structure 30.

In this embodiment, a length of the antenna 100 along the first direction X is a length of the antenna 100, and a width of the antenna 100 along the second direction Y is a width of the antenna 100. By arranging the first inverter 30 and the second radiator 22 at a relative interval along the second direction Y, rather than arranging the first radiator, the third radiator and the second radiator along a straight line, the length of the antenna 100 may be reduced, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the antenna 100.

The first inverter 30 directly turns on the first radiator 21 and the third radiator 23, so that the antenna 100 is a low frequency antenna. The first inverter 30 changes the direction of the current flowing through the first radiator 21, and the currents flowing through the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22, and the third radiator 23 are connected in series in the same direction, so that the antenna 100 is a high frequency antenna. In this embodiment, the antenna 100 may implement dual-band coverage, and the coverage frequency band of the antenna 100 is increased, thereby widening the usage scenarios of the antenna 100. More importantly, when the antenna 100 is a high-frequency antenna, the currents of the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 are connected in series in the same direction, so that the field superposition at each point in space is enhanced, thereby playing a role in improving the high-frequency gain of the antenna 100 and further improving the signal coverage area of the antenna 100. The method realizes large signal coverage and high gain in a limited space, and solves the technical problem that the multi-band frequency of the conventional antenna is difficult to improve the gain of the antenna.

Referring to fig. 3, the substrate 10 is a pcb (printed Circuit board), in this embodiment, the substrate 10 is rectangular, and the substrate 10 has a first surface 101 and a second surface opposite to the first surface 101. The first surface 101 comprises a first side 11 and a second side 12 extending in a first direction X, and a third side 13 and a fourth side 14 extending in a second direction Y. The first side 11, the third side 13, the second side 12 and the fourth side 14 are connected end to end. The first radiator 21, the second radiator 22, the third radiator 23, and the first inverter 30 are all printed on the surface of the PCB panel by an etching method. The length of the antenna 100 formed as a dielectric substrate in this embodiment is one-half wavelength of the operating frequency of the antenna 100. In this embodiment, the length of the antenna 100 is 50mm, that is, the length of the substrate is 50, and the radiator is flush with the first side 11 and the second side 12 in the length direction. In other embodiments, the length of the antenna 100 may be greater than 50mm, or less than 50 mm.

In one embodiment, the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 are all plate-shaped solid metal sheets. In this embodiment, the metal sheet is a copper sheet. In other embodiments, the metal sheet may be a metal sheet made of other conductors. The "solid metal sheet" refers to a metal sheet without hollow structure inside and on the surface. The first radiator 21, the second radiator 22, and the third radiator 23 are all made of solid metal sheets, so that the radiation efficiency of the antenna 100 can be increased, the mechanical strength of each radiator can be ensured, and the structural strength of the antenna 100 can be increased.

Referring to fig. 3, the outer circumferences of the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 are all regular polygons. The polygon includes but is not limited to a rectangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, etc., and may be a circle as long as a radiation range and a radiation frequency can be realized. Of course, the pattern can be irregular if necessary. In this embodiment, the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 are both rectangular, and the first radiator 21 is a combined pattern of a long strip and a rectangle.

Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment, the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 are sequentially disposed on the first surface 101 along a first direction X. The first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22 are disposed in a staggered manner in the first direction X, so as to reserve a vacant region on the substrate 10, and provide a necessary space for disposing the first inverter 30.

In this embodiment, the first radiator 21 is disposed on the first surface 101, and two adjacent sides of the first radiator 21 are aligned with the first side 11 and the third side 13 or have a safety distance therebetween. The first radiator 21 includes a main body 211 and a branch 212 extending from one side of the main body 211. The main body 211 is rectangular, and the branches 212 are long-strip-shaped. Two adjacent edges of the rectangular main body 211 are close to the first side 11 and the third side 13, and it can be understood that two connected edges of the main body 211 are respectively aligned with the first side 11 and the third side 13 or closely aligned with the first side and the third side, or have a certain safety distance (distance which does not affect the antenna). The branch 212 is connected to the main body 211 and extends toward the fourth side 14 along the first direction X, and the side of the branch 212 is flush with or has a safe distance from the first side 11. A blank area is formed between the main body 211 and the second side 12.

The second radiator 22 is disposed on the first surface 101, and a side edge of the second radiator 22 is aligned with the second side edge 12 or has a safety distance, and a blank space is formed between the second radiator 22 and the first side edge 11. The branch 212 of the first radiator 21 is located in the blank area between the second radiator 22 and the first side 11. In this embodiment, the first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22 are arranged in a staggered manner in the first direction X, the blank area between the main body 211 and the second side 12 and the second radiator 22 are sequentially arranged along the first direction X, that is, the first radiator 21 is arranged near the first side, and the second radiator 22 is arranged in a staggered manner with the first radiator 21 and is arranged near the second side 12.

The third radiator 23 is disposed between the second radiator 22 and the fourth side 14, and the third radiator 23 is close to the fourth side 14, it can be understood that three connected sides of the third radiator 23 are respectively adjacent to or flush with the first side 11, the second side 12 and the fourth side 14, and of course, the third radiator 23 may also have a certain safety distance from the first side 11, the second side 12 and the fourth side 14. The orthographic projection of the third radiator 23 in the first direction X partially overlaps the orthographic projection of the first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22 in the first direction X. In other embodiments, the orthographic projection of the third radiator 23 in the first direction X may also completely overlap with the orthographic projections of the first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22 in the first direction X. In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the third radiator 23 in the first direction X completely overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first radiator 21 in the first direction X, and also completely overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second radiator 22 in the first direction X. That is, the width of the third radiator 23 in the second direction Y is equal to or substantially equal to the width of the substrate 10. Two sides of the third radiator 23 along the first direction X are respectively close to and aligned with the first side 11 and the second side 12 of the substrate 10. The edge between the two sides is aligned with said fourth side 14. In this embodiment, while the area of the radiator is increased by making the most of the space of the substrate 10, so as to increase the radiation area of the antenna 100, the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 are disposed in a staggered manner, so that the arrangement of the radiators is more compact, and the space is saved.

Referring to fig. 3, the first inverter 30 is located between the first radiator 21 and the third radiator 23, and the first inverter 30 is electrically connected to the branch 212 and the third radiator 23. In this embodiment, the first inverter 30 has a serpentine shape, and the length thereof extends along the length direction of the first side 11, and is aligned with the first side 11 or has a safety distance. The first phase inverter 30 and the second radiator 22 are arranged at an interval in the second direction Y, and the orthographic projection of the first phase inverter 30 in the second direction Y falls into the orthographic projection of the second radiator 22 in the second direction Y. The first inverter 30 is orthographically projected on the first radiator 21 and the third radiator 23 in the first direction X. In other embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first inverter 30 in the second direction Y completely falls within the orthographic projection of the second radiator 22 in the second direction Y. In this embodiment, the first inverter 30 is disposed in a blank space between the second radiator 22 and the first side 11, and is spaced from the second radiator 22 side by side, so that the length space of the substrate 10 is not occupied, thereby reducing the length of the antenna 100.

In other embodiments, the first inverter may also be disposed in a blank space between the first radiator and the second side, that is, in a blank position above the second radiator in the first direction, and extend to the first inverter 30 through the third radiator disposing branch to connect therewith.

In one embodiment, the feeding structure 30 of the antenna 100 is located between the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23, and the feeding structure 30 is electrically connected to the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23. Meanwhile, the feeding structure 30 is electrically connected to the circuit of the substrate 10, and the substrate 10 supplies power to the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 through the feeding structure 30. After the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 are energized, electromagnetic fields are generated around the first radiator, and the electromagnetic fields radiate into the space around the antenna 100, thereby implementing a signal transmission function.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 4, when the first inverter 30 directly connects the first radiator 21 and the third radiator 23, the antenna 100 is a low frequency antenna. It is understood that the first inverter 30 is a conductive line and commonly connects the first radiator 21 and the third radiator 23 with the branch 212. When the antenna 100 is a low frequency antenna, the current of the antenna 100 flows from the main body 211 of the first radiator 21 to the branch 212, then flows from the branch 212 to the first inverter 30, then flows from the first inverter 30 to the third radiator 23, and then flows from the third radiator 23 to the second radiator 22. When the antenna 100 is a low-frequency antenna, the antenna 100 is an omnidirectional antenna, and a radiation frequency band of the low-frequency antenna of the omnidirectional antenna is 2.3GHz-3.0GHz, as shown in fig. 7.

Referring to fig. 5, when the first inverter 30 changes the direction of the current flowing through the first radiator 21, the antenna 100 is a high frequency antenna. The second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 form an original dipole, and the first inverter 30 connects the first radiator 21 and the third radiator 23. Specifically, the first inverter 30 changes the direction of the current flowing through the first radiator 21 by using its electrical length, and the currents flowing in the direction from the end of the first inverter 30 connected to the end of the branch 212 to the end connected to the third radiator 23 cancel the magnetic field radiated by each other on the serpentine trace, so that the current of the first radiator 21 flows from the branch 212 to the main body 211. Therefore, the current directions of the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 are all the same, so that the field superposition at each point in space is enhanced, thereby playing a role of enhancing the field and further improving the high-frequency gain of the antenna 100. The method realizes large signal coverage and high gain in a limited space, and solves the technical problem that the multi-band frequency of the conventional antenna is difficult to improve the gain of the antenna. When the antenna 100 is a high-frequency antenna, the radiation frequency band of the high-frequency antenna is 5.0GHz-7GHz, as shown in fig. 7.

With reference to fig. 7, in this embodiment, the radiation frequency band of the antenna 100 is 2.1GHz-8.0GHz, covers the low frequency band and the high frequency band, and can be applied to more multi-frequency scenes, thereby achieving omnidirectional high-gain performance of the antenna.

Referring to fig. 6, the antenna 100 resonates at a frequency of 1.4GHz, and the radiation frequency of the antenna 100 also includes 1.4GHz, thereby further widening the radiation frequency band of the antenna 100. When the radiation frequency of the antenna 100 is 1.4GHz, the current of the antenna 100 flows in the direction of the arrow shown in fig. 6. It is understood that the first inverter 30 is a conductive line and connects the first radiator 21 and the third radiator 23 together with the branch 212, and functions as a conduction. When the radiation frequency of the antenna 100 is 1.4GHz, the current of the antenna 100 flows from the main body 211 of the first radiator 21 to the branch 212, then flows from the branch 212 to the first inverter 30, then flows from the first inverter 30 to the third radiator 23, and flows along the edge close to the second radiator 22 on the surface of the third radiator 23, and then enters the second radiator 22 through the feed structure 30, and flows along the edge close to the first inverter 30 of the second radiator 22. In this embodiment, the current flow path of the antenna 100 is longer.

Fig. 7 is a simulation diagram of the parameters of the antenna S11 according to the present application. S parameters of the antenna 100 are smaller than-10 dB in frequency bands of 2.3GHz-3.0GHz and 5.0GHz-7GHz, and the antenna 100 is sufficient in impedance bandwidth and good in matching. Fig. 8-10 are radiation patterns of the antenna. As shown in fig. 8, when the radiation frequency of the antenna 100 is 2.45GHz, the gain reaches 2.50 dBi. As shown in fig. 9, when the radiation frequency of the antenna 100 is 5.5GHz, the gain reaches 4.59dBi, which is about 2dBi higher than the gain of a conventional dipole, so that the signal coverage area of the antenna 100 is increased. As shown in fig. 10, the pattern of the antenna 100 at a radiation frequency of 1.4GHz has a tilt angle with respect to the pattern at a radiation frequency of 2.45GHz, and the gain of the antenna 100 at 1.4GHz is 1.35 dBi.

Referring to fig. 11, the antenna 100 further includes a second inverter 31 and a fourth radiator 24, the fourth radiator 24 is disposed at an interval from the second radiator 22 along the first direction X, and the second inverter 31 is connected to the second radiator 22 and the fourth radiator 24. Specifically, the fourth radiator 24 includes a second main body 241 and a second branch 242 extending from one side of the second main body 241. The second branch 242 extends toward the second radiator 22 along the first direction X, and a side of the second branch 242 is flush with the second side 12 or has a safe distance.

The second inverter 31 is located between the second branch 242 and the second radiator 22, and the second inverter 31 is electrically connected to the second branch 242 and the second radiator 22. The second phase inverter 31 and the first radiator 21 are arranged along the second direction Y at intervals, and the orthographic projection part of the second phase inverter 31 in the second direction Y falls into the orthographic projection of the first radiator 21 in the second direction Y. In other embodiments, the orthographic projection of the second inverter 31 in the second direction Y may also fall into the orthographic projection of the first radiator 21 in the second direction Y. In this embodiment, by adding the fourth radiator 24 and the second inverter 31, the area of the radiator in the antenna 100 is increased, so that the radiation area of the antenna 100 is increased, and the radiation range of the antenna 100 is expanded.

The first inverter 30 directly turns on the first radiator 21 and the third radiator 23, and the second inverter 31 directly turns on the second radiator 22 and the fourth radiator 24, so that the antenna 100 is a low frequency antenna. It is understood that the first inverter 30 serves as a conductive line connecting the first radiator 21 and the third radiator 23, and the second inverter 21 serves as a conductive line connecting the second radiator 22 and the fourth radiator 24. When the antenna 100 is a low frequency antenna, the current of the antenna 100 flows from the main body 211 of the first radiator 21 to the branch 212, then flows from the branch 212 to the first inverter 30, then flows from the first inverter 30 to the third radiator 23, flows from the third radiator 23 to the second radiator 22, then flows from the second radiator 22 to the second inverter 31, then flows from the second inverter 31 to the second branch 242, and then flows from the second branch 242 to the second main body 241.

The first inverter 30 changes the direction of the current flowing through the first radiator 21. The currents flowing from the second inverter 31 to the direction connecting one end of the second branch 242 to one end of the second radiator 22 cancel the radiated magnetic field on the serpentine trace, so that the current of the fourth radiator 24 flows from the second branch 242 to the second body 241. Therefore, the currents flowing through the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22, the third radiator 23 and the fourth radiator 24 are connected in series in the same direction, so that the antenna 100 is a high frequency antenna. Meanwhile, since the current directions of the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22, the third radiator 23 and the fourth radiator 24 are the same, the field superposition at each point in space is enhanced, so that the field enhancement is achieved, and the high-frequency gain of the antenna 100 is improved.

Referring to fig. 12, in an embodiment, the difference from the previous embodiment is that the antenna 100 further includes a third inverter 32 and a fifth radiator 25, the fifth radiator 25 is disposed at an interval from the third radiator 23 along the first direction X, and the third inverter 32 is connected to the third radiator 23 and the fifth radiator 25. In this embodiment, by adding the fifth radiator 25 and the third inverter 32, the area of the radiator in the antenna 100 is further increased, so that the radiation area of the antenna 100 is increased, and the radiation range of the antenna 100 is further expanded.

The fifth radiator 25 is disposed on the first surface 101 of the substrate 10 and located on a side of the third radiator 23 opposite to the second radiator 22. The fifth radiator 25 includes a third main body 251 and a third branch 252 extending from one side of the third main body 251, where the third main body 251 is rectangular, and the third branch 252 is long-strip-shaped. The third body 251 is adjacent to two edges near the second side 12 and the fourth side 14 of the substrate 10. The third branch 252 is connected to the third body 251 and extends toward the third radiator 23 along the first direction X, and the third branch 252 is close to the second side 12. The third inverter 32 is located between the third branch 252 and the third radiator 23, and the third inverter 32 is electrically connected to the third branch 252 and the third radiator 23.

The first inverter 30 directly turns on the first radiator 21 and the third radiator 23, the second inverter 31 directly turns on the fourth radiator 24 and the second radiator 22, and the third inverter 32 directly turns on the third radiator 23 and the fifth radiator 25, so that the antenna 100 is a low frequency antenna. When the antenna 100 is a low frequency antenna, the current of the antenna 100 flows from the first radiator 21 to the first inverter 30, then flows from the first inverter 30 to the third radiator 23, a part of the current flows from the third radiator 23 to the second radiator 22, then flows to the second inverter 31 and the fourth radiator 24, and a part of the current flows from the third radiator 23 to the third inverter 32, and then flows to the fifth radiator 25.

The first inverter 30 changes the direction of the current flowing through the first radiator 21, and the third inverter 32 changes the direction of the current flowing through the fifth radiator 25, so that the currents flowing through the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22, the third radiator 23, the fourth radiator 24, and the fifth radiator 25 are connected in series in the same direction, thereby making the antenna 100 a high frequency antenna. Meanwhile, the current directions of the five radiators are the same, so that the field superposition of each point in space is enhanced, the field enhancement effect is achieved, and the high-frequency gain of the antenna 100 is further improved.

Referring to fig. 13, another embodiment of the present application is different from the previous embodiment in that a branch 212 of the first radiator 21 is connected to the main body 211 and extends toward the second side 12 along the second direction Y, and a side of the branch 212 is flush with or has a safe distance from the third side 13. The first inverter 30 is located between the branch 212 of the first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22, i.e., in the blank area between the second radiator 22 and the third side 13, and the length extending direction of the inverter 30 is along the length direction of the third side 13. The first inverter 30 is electrically connected to the branch 212 and the second radiator 22. The first phase inverter 30 and the first radiator 21 are arranged at intervals in the second direction Y, and at least part of the orthographic projection of the first phase inverter 30 in the second direction Y falls into the orthographic projection of the first radiator 21 in the second direction Y. The orthographic projection of the first inverter 30 in the first direction X is on the second radiator. In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the first inverter 30 in the second direction Y completely falls into the orthographic projection of the second radiator 22 in the second direction Y. The first inverter 30 is disposed in a blank area between the first radiator 21 and the second side 12, and is spaced apart from the first radiator 22 side by side, so that the length space of the substrate 10 is not occupied, thereby reducing the length of the antenna 100.

When the first inverter 30 directly connects the first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22, the antenna 100 is a low frequency antenna. It is understood that the first inverter 30 is a conductive line and connects the first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22 together with the branch 212. When the antenna 100 is a low frequency antenna, the current of the antenna 100 flows from the third radiator 23 to the second radiator 22, then flows from the second radiator 22 to the first inverter 30, flows from the first inverter 30 to the branch 212 of the first radiator 21, and then flows from the branch 212 to the main body 211.

When the first inverter 30 changes the direction of the current flowing through the first radiator 21, the antenna 100 is a high frequency antenna. The second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 form an original dipole, and the first inverter 30 connects the first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22. Since the currents of the first inverter 30 are offset, the directions of the currents of the first radiator 21, the second radiator 22 and the third radiator 23 are the same, so that the field superposition at each point in space is enhanced, thereby playing a role of enhancing the field and further improving the high-frequency gain of the antenna 100.

The present application further provides an electronic device (not shown) comprising a radio frequency circuit and the antenna of any of the above embodiments, wherein the feed structure of the antenna is electrically connected to the radio frequency circuit. The radio frequency circuit can be arranged on the substrate, the radio frequency circuit is electrically connected with the feed structure of the antenna, and the radio frequency circuit receives and sends signals through the antenna, so that signal transmission between the electronic equipment and the outside is realized. The electronic equipment is small in size, and meanwhile, large signal coverage and high gain can be achieved.

The above embodiments and embodiments of the present application are only examples and embodiments, and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (15)

1. An antenna, comprising a substrate, a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator and a first inverter,

the substrate comprises a first surface, the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are sequentially arranged on the first surface along a first direction, the first phase inverter and the first radiator or the second radiator are oppositely arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

the first phase inverter is connected with the first radiator and the third radiator, and the third radiator is connected with the second radiator through a feed structure;

the first phase inverter directly conducts the first radiator and the third radiator so that the antenna is a low-frequency antenna; the first phase inverter changes the direction of current flowing through the first radiator, and the currents flowing through the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are connected in series in the same direction, so that the antenna is a high-frequency antenna.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein an orthographic projection of the first inverter in the second direction at least partially falls within an orthographic projection of the first radiator or the second radiator in the second direction.

3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the first radiator and the second radiator are disposed at an offset in the first direction, and wherein an orthographic projection of the third radiator in the first direction at least partially overlaps an orthographic projection of the first radiator and the second radiator in the first direction.

4. The antenna of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first radiator includes a body and a stub extending from a side of the body, the stub extending from the body toward the first inverter and electrically connected to the inverter.

5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the radiation band of the antenna is 2.1GHz-8.0 GHz.

6. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the radiation frequency band of the low frequency antenna is 2.3-3.0GHz, and the radiation frequency band of the high frequency antenna is 5-7 GHz.

7. The antenna of claim 5, wherein the radiation frequency of the antenna further comprises 1.4 GHz.

8. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the high frequency antenna has a gain of 4.59 dBi.

9. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the length dimension of the antenna in the first direction is one-half wavelength of an operating frequency of the antenna.

10. The antenna of claim 9, wherein the antenna has a length dimension along the first direction of 50 mm.

11. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are each a solid sheet of plate metal adhered to the first surface.

12. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the outer circumferential outlines of the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are all polygons.

13. The antenna of claim 3, further comprising a second inverter and a fourth radiator, the fourth radiator being spaced apart from the second radiator along the first direction, the second inverter connecting the second radiator and the fourth radiator; the first phase inverter directly conducts the first radiator and the third radiator, and the second phase inverter directly conducts the second radiator and the fourth radiator, so that the antenna is a low-frequency antenna; the first phase inverter changes the direction of current flowing through the first radiator, and the currents flowing through the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator are connected in series in the same direction, so that the antenna is a high-frequency antenna.

14. The antenna according to claim 3 or 13, wherein the antenna comprises a third inverter and a fifth radiator, the fifth radiator is spaced apart from the third radiator along the first direction, and the third inverter connects the third radiator and the fifth radiator; the first phase inverter directly conducts the first radiator and the third radiator, and the third phase inverter directly conducts the third radiator and the fifth radiator, so that the antenna is a low-frequency antenna; the first phase inverter changes the direction of current flowing through the first radiator, the third phase inverter changes the direction of current flowing through the fifth radiator, and the currents flowing through the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fifth radiator are connected in series in the same direction, so that the antenna is a high-frequency antenna.

15. An electronic device comprising a radio frequency circuit and an antenna according to any of claims 1-14, the feed structure of the antenna being electrically connected to the radio frequency circuit.

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