CN219498174U - Antenna device and home intelligent gateway - Google Patents
Antenna device and home intelligent gateway Download PDFInfo
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- CN219498174U CN219498174U CN202320424242.8U CN202320424242U CN219498174U CN 219498174 U CN219498174 U CN 219498174U CN 202320424242 U CN202320424242 U CN 202320424242U CN 219498174 U CN219498174 U CN 219498174U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The utility model provides an antenna device and a home intelligent gateway, wherein the antenna device comprises a PCB (printed circuit board), a first antenna, a second antenna, a feed transmission line, a feed port and a first clearance area, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged on the surface of the PCB, the feed transmission line and the feed port are arranged on the other surface of the PCB, the first clearance area and the second clearance area are arranged along the same direction on the surface of the PCB, the first antenna is arranged in the first clearance area, the second antenna is arranged in the second clearance area, and the first antenna and the second antenna form an antenna array; the feed transmission line is positioned in the mounting groove on the surface of the PCB, and two ends of the feed transmission line are respectively and electrically connected with the first antenna and the second antenna through metal through holes; the feeding port is electrically connected with the feeding transmission line through the transmission line, and the distance between the feeding port and the two ends of the feeding transmission line is in a preset relation with the feeding phases of the first antenna and the second antenna. According to the antenna array, the two on-board antennas are adopted to form the antenna array, and the field patterns, the feed phases and the like of the antennas are respectively adjusted through the antenna structure and the positions, so that the omnidirectionality and the gain performance of the antennas are effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular relates to an antenna device and a home intelligent gateway.
Background
Antennas are an important component of wireless access devices as electronic devices for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, and in some communication system fields, antenna devices are required to be used in order to realize omnidirectional coverage of signals. In order to realize omnidirectional high gain, the antenna design generally adopts a method of combining multiple units and feeding in series to form an array to realize high gain, but the antenna devices have large size and need independent radiation space, so that the antenna devices cannot be placed in equipment; as the requirements of users on the appearance of equipment are higher and higher, more and more equipment antennas are built in, but the antennas have the problems of low pattern gain, poor out-of-roundness and poor coverage performance.
Therefore, how to provide a built-in antenna with good omnidirectionality and high gain is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides an antenna device and a home intelligent gateway, so as to effectively improve the omni-directionality and gain performance of an antenna.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna apparatus, including:
the PCB is provided with a first clearance area and a second clearance area on the surface, and the first clearance area and the second clearance area are arranged side by side along the same direction;
the first antenna is arranged in the first clearance area;
the second antenna is arranged in the second clearance area, and a preset distance is reserved between the phase center of the second antenna and the phase center of the first antenna, so that the first antenna and the second antenna form an antenna array;
the feed transmission line is arranged on the PCB and is positioned on different surfaces of the PCB with the first antenna and the second antenna; the power supply transmission line is positioned in the mounting groove on the surface of the PCB, the projection of the power supply transmission line on the surface of the first antenna is positioned between the first antenna and the second antenna, one end of the power supply transmission line is electrically connected with the first antenna through a metal via hole, and the other end of the power supply transmission line is electrically connected with the second antenna through a metal via hole;
the feed port is arranged on the PCB and is positioned on the same surface of the PCB as the feed transmission line, and is electrically connected with the feed transmission line through the transmission line, and the distance between the feed port and two ends of the feed transmission line is in a preset relation with the feed phases of the first antenna and the second antenna so as to adjust the feed phases of the first antenna and the second antenna.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a home intelligent gateway, including an antenna device according to the first aspect, where the antenna device is configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals.
As can be seen from the foregoing embodiments, the present disclosure provides an antenna device and a home intelligent gateway, where the antenna device includes a PCB board, a first antenna, a second antenna, a feed transmission line and a feed port, a first clearance area and a second clearance area are disposed on a surface of the PCB board, the first clearance area and the second clearance area are disposed side by side along a same direction, the first antenna is disposed in the first clearance area, the second antenna is disposed in the second clearance area, so that the first antenna and the second antenna are disposed side by side along a same direction, for example, the first antenna and the second antenna are disposed vertically up and down, and the first antenna is located on an upper side of the second antenna; a preset distance is reserved between the phase center of the first antenna and the phase center of the second antenna, so that the first antenna and the second antenna form an antenna array, and the field intensity of the first antenna and the field intensity of the second antenna are superposed to form a composite field intensity; the feed transmission line is arranged on the PCB, and the feed transmission line, the first antenna and the second antenna are positioned on different surfaces of the PCB; the projection of the feed transmission line on the surface where the first antenna is located is positioned between the first antenna and the second antenna, and if the first antenna is positioned at the upper side of the second antenna, the feed transmission line extends along the up-down direction; one end of the feed transmission line is electrically connected with the first antenna through the metal via hole, and the other end of the feed transmission line is electrically connected with the second antenna through the metal via hole so as to feed the first antenna and the second antenna through the feed transmission line; the feed port is arranged on the PCB and is positioned on the same surface of the PCB as the feed transmission line, the feed port is electrically connected with the feed transmission line through the transmission line, the distance between the feed port and the two ends of the feed transmission line is in a preset relation with the feed phases of the first antenna and the second antenna, so that when the feed port feeds current into the first antenna and the second antenna through the feed transmission line, the first antenna and the second antenna have corresponding feed phases, the feed phases of the first antenna and the second antenna are adjusted through the position of the feed port, the first antenna and the second antenna generate radiation, the field intensity of the two antennas in the up-down direction is counteracted, the radiation energy is concentrated on a horizontal plane, and the gain can be improved; meanwhile, the synthesized field strengths of the horizontal planes in all directions are approximately equal, so that the horizontal omnidirectionality can be improved. The antenna device provided by the disclosure adopts two on-board antennas to be combined into the antenna array, and the field patterns, the feed phases and the like of the antennas are adjusted by respectively adjusting the structures of the two antennas, the positions of the antennas on the PCB, the distances between the feed ports and the two ends of the feed transmission line and the like, so that the omnidirectionality and the gain performance of the built-in antennas can be effectively improved, and the wireless coverage capability of products is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the drawings that need to be used in some embodiments of the present disclosure will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only drawings of some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings to those of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, the drawings in the following description may be regarded as schematic diagrams, not limiting the actual size of the products, the actual flow of the methods, the actual timing of the signals, etc. according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 1 is an application scenario diagram of a home intelligent gateway provided according to some embodiments;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an on-board antenna according to some embodiments;
fig. 3 is a 3D field pattern simulation result diagram of an on-board antenna provided according to some embodiments;
fig. 4 is a horizontal plane 2-dimensional field diagram of an on-board antenna provided in accordance with some embodiments;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed transmission line in an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a side cross-sectional view of an antenna device provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a 3D field pattern simulation result diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a horizontal plane 2-dimensional field diagram of an antenna device provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of an antenna apparatus for adjusting a feeding phase according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 11 is a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of an antenna device according to the present disclosure;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram ii of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 13 is a schematic plan view of an adjusting antenna chassis structure of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram III of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided by the present disclosure are within the scope of the present disclosure.
In the present disclosure, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the terms in this disclosure will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
In addition, if there is a description of "first," "second," etc. in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the description of "first," "second," etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement the technical solutions, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be implemented, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered as not existing, and not falling within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Fig. 1 is an application scenario diagram of a home intelligent gateway provided according to some embodiments. As shown in fig. 1, the ue 100 sends a DHCP Discover packet in the lan, and the router 200 transmits the DHCP Discover packet to the server 300; after receiving the DHCP Discover packet, the server 300 sends out a DHCP Offer packet, and the router 200 transmits the DHCP Offer packet to the user terminal 100; after receiving the DHCP Offer packet, the user terminal 100 sends out a DHCP Request packet, and the router 200 transmits the DHCP Request packet to the server 300; the server 300 receives the DHCP Request packet and then sends out a DHCP ACK packet, the router 200 transmits the DHCP ACK packet to the user terminal 100, and the user terminal 100 configures its own TCP/IP using information in the DHCP packet after receiving the DHCP ACK packet. The user terminal 100 may be a mobile phone, a personal computer, a television, or other common devices.
In some embodiments, the router is a hardware device that connects two or more networks, acting as a gateway between the networks, a dedicated intelligent network device that reads the address in each packet and then decides how to transmit. Existing routers have built-in antennas that are used to transmit signals.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an on-board antenna according to some embodiments, fig. 3 is a 3D field diagram simulation result diagram of an on-board antenna according to some embodiments, and fig. 4 is a horizontal plane 2D field diagram of an on-board antenna according to some embodiments. As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, in some communication system fields, in order to realize omnidirectional coverage of signals, an antenna device is required, in order to realize omnidirectional high gain, an antenna design generally adopts a method of parallel feeding and series feeding of a plurality of units to form an array to realize high gain, for example, a method of parallel feeding of a plurality of slot antennas to realize high gain, or a method of serial feeding of a plurality of dipoles to realize high gain is adopted, but all the antenna devices have large size, and independent radiation space is required, so that the antenna devices cannot be placed in equipment.
As the requirements of users on the appearance of equipment are higher, more and more equipment antennas are built-in, but the built-in antennas have the problems of low pattern gain, poor out-of-roundness, poor coverage performance and the like. Therefore, how to provide a built-in antenna with good omnidirectionality and high gain is a problem to be solved at present.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 5, an antenna device provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure includes a PCB 11, a first antenna 12, a second antenna 13, a feed transmission line 14 and a feed port 15 printed on the PCB 11, where the PCB 11 may be a single-layer board or a multi-layer board, and when the PCB 11 is a single-layer board, the first antenna 12, the second antenna 13, the feed transmission line 14 and the feed port 15 may be located on different surfaces of the PCB 11; when the PCB 11 is a multi-layer board, the first antenna 12, the second antenna 13, the feeding transmission line 14 and the feeding port 15 may be located on different layers of the PCB 11.
In some embodiments, the PCB 11 includes an upper board and a lower board, the upper surface of the upper board and the lower surface of the lower board are respectively provided with clearance areas, the first antenna 12, the second antenna 13, the feeding transmission line 14 and the feeding port 15 are located in the clearance areas of different boards of the PCB 11, for example, the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 may be located in the clearance areas of the upper board, the feeding transmission line 14 and the feeding port 15 are located on the lower board, the feeding transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the feeding port 15 through the transmission line, and the feeding transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 through metal vias, so as to feed the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 through the feeding transmission line 14.
The first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 may also be located in the clearance area of the lower plate, the feeding transmission line 14 and the feeding port 15 are located on the upper plate, the feeding transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the feeding port 15 through the transmission line, and the feeding transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 through metal vias, so as to feed the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 through the feeding transmission line 14.
In some embodiments, the laminate where the feeding transmission line 14 and the feeding port 15 are located is a ground layer of a PCB board, and the feeding transmission line 14 laid on the ground layer is electrically connected to the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, so as to implement reflow.
In some embodiments, the upper board of the PCB board 11 is provided with a first clearance area and a second clearance area, the upper edge of the first clearance area may coincide with the upper edge of the upper board, the left edge of the first clearance area may coincide with the left edge of the upper board, the right edge, the lower edge and the periphery of the first clearance area are the ground ends of the non-clearance area on the upper board, i.e. the first clearance area is located at the upper left corner of the upper board, and only two edges have a metal ground.
The left edge of the second clearance area can be coincident with the left edge of the upper plate, the second clearance area is located below the first clearance area, the upper edge, the right edge, the lower edge and the periphery of the second clearance area are the ground ends of the upper plate upper non-clearance area, namely the second clearance area is located at the middle upper part of the left side of the upper plate, and three sides of the second clearance area are provided with metal grounds.
In some embodiments, the positions of the first clearance area and the second clearance area are not limited to the left side of the PCB board, as long as one edge of the first clearance area and one edge of the second clearance area are located at the same edge of the PCB board, the first clearance area and the second clearance area may be laid out in one direction, for example, the first clearance area and the second clearance area are laid out left and right in a horizontal direction, and the first clearance area and the second clearance area are laid out up and down in a vertical direction.
In some embodiments, the first clearance area and the second clearance area are vertically distributed and distributed on the left side board edge of the PCB board, wherein the first clearance area is located at the upper left corner of the PCB board, and only two edges have a metal ground; the second clearance area is positioned at the middle upper part of the left side of the PCB board, and three sides of the second clearance area are provided with metal grounds. The first antenna 12 is disposed in the first clearance area, the second antenna 13 is disposed in the second clearance area, and a predetermined distance is provided between a phase center of the first antenna 12 and a phase center of the second antenna 13.
In some embodiments, the preset distance between the phase center of the first antenna 12 and the phase center of the second antenna 13 is about half the wavelength corresponding to the antenna phase center frequency.
The first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 may be the same or different antenna structures, for example, the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are monopole antennas, the frequency of the monopole antennas may be 2.4-2.5 GHz, the center frequency of the monopole antennas is 2.45GHz, and the space between the phase centers of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 is half wavelength of the corresponding wavelength of 2.45GHz, so as to combine the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 into a binary antenna array, and enhance the field intensity of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13.
An antenna array is a similar array if two or more antennas are arranged in a manner to function as transmitting or receiving antennas, each antenna in the array having the same form. The binary similar array is an antenna array formed by arranging two antennas in a certain mode, and after energy is distributed to all antennas, the root cause of the directivity enhancement is that the fields of all antennas interfere with each other in space, so that the radiation in certain directions is enhanced, and the radiation in other directions is weakened, so that the main lobe is narrowed, and the gain is improved.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed transmission line in an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and fig. 7 is a side sectional view of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the feeding transmission line 14 may be disposed on the lower surface of the lower board of the PCB 11, and the feeding transmission line 14 may be in the form of a microstrip, a strip line, or a CPW (Coplanar Waveguide ) strip line, etc., and may take a suitable transmission line form according to wiring and performance requirements.
In some embodiments, a mounting slot is provided on the lower plate of the PCB 11, the mounting slot may extend through the lower plate, and a projection of the mounting slot on the upper plate is located between the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, and the feeding transmission line 14 is located in the mounting slot, so that the feeding transmission line 14 is placed through the mounting slot, and the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are fed through the feeding transmission line 14.
The feeding port 15 may also be disposed on the lower surface of the lower board of the PCB, the feeding port 15 is located at one side of the feeding transmission line 14, the feeding transmission line 14 may be electrically connected to the feeding port 15 through a transmission line, for example, the middle upper portion of the feeding transmission line 14 is electrically connected to the feeding port 15 through a transmission line, and the feeding port 15 is electrically connected to the feeding transmission line 14 through a transmission line to feed the feeding transmission line 14.
Because the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are arranged on the upper surface of the upper plate of the PCB 11, the feeding transmission line 14 is arranged on the lower surface of the lower plate of the PCB 11, and the projection of the feeding transmission line 14 on the upper surface of the upper plate is located between the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, so that the upper end of the feeding transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the first antenna 12 through a metal via hole, and the lower end of the feeding transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the second antenna 13 through a metal via hole, so that the feeding transmission line 14 feeds the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 respectively.
In some embodiments, a first metal via 16 and a second metal via are disposed between the upper plate 110 and the lower plate 111 of the PCB 11, the first antenna 12 is electrically connected to the upper end of the feeding transmission line 14 through the first metal via 16, and the second antenna 13 is electrically connected to the lower end of the feeding transmission line 14 through the second metal via.
The first antenna 12 is arranged in a first clearance area of the upper plate 110 of the PCB, the second antenna 13 is arranged in a second clearance area of the upper plate 110, the feed transmission line 14 and the feed port 15 are arranged on the lower surface of the lower plate 111 of the PCB, the feed transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the feed port 15 through a transmission line, the upper end of the feed transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the first antenna 12 through the first metal via hole 16, and the lower end of the feed transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the second antenna 13 through the second metal via hole, so that the electrical connection of the feed port 15, the feed transmission line 14, the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 is realized.
According to the field superposition principle, the combined field of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 is:
wherein d is the phase center distance between the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, E 1 E is the electric field strength of the first antenna 12 in a certain direction 2 For the electric field strength of the second antenna 13 in the same direction,for the angle theta between the radiation direction and the horizontal direction 1 For the feed phase, θ, of the first antenna 12 2 Is the feed phase of the second antenna 13.
From the above formula, it can be understood that E can be adjusted 1 、E 2 、θ 1 、θ 2 Values of (2)To optimize the resultant field distribution, while changing the structure, size, environment, or location of the first antenna 12 may change E 1 Changing the structure, size, environment, or position of the second antenna 13 may change E 2 Adjustable theta by changing feed access position 1 、θ 2 To achieve optimization of the antenna's omni-directionality and gain.
In some embodiments, the projection of the feeding port 15 on the upper board of the PCB has a preset relationship with the distance between the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 and the feeding phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, that is, the distance between the feeding port 15 and both ends of the feeding transmission line 14 and the feeding phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 have a preset relationship, so that the feeding phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are adjusted by the position of the feeding port 15.
In some embodiments, when the feed phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are not the same, the distance between the projection of the feed port 15 on the upper plate of the PCB and the first antenna 12 is smaller than the distance between the projection of the feed port 15 on the upper plate and the second antenna 13; the distance between the projection of the feed port 15 on the upper plate and the first antenna 12, and the distance between the projection of the feed port 15 on the upper plate and the second antenna 13 are the same when the feeds of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are the same.
The feed transmission line 14 feeds the first antenna 12 from the lower end of the first antenna 12, and the feed current direction to the first antenna 12 is input upwards; the feed transmission line 14 feeds the second antenna 13 from the upper end of the second antenna 13, and the direction of the feed current to the second antenna 13 is input downward. In this way, the currents of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 flow in opposite directions, so that the feed phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are different.
Since the current flows in the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are reversed, the feeding phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 should be reversed in order to cancel the field strengths of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 in the vertical direction, so that the feeding access position can be changed to adjust the feeding phase θ of the first antenna 12 1 Feed phase θ of the second antenna 13 2 。
In some embodiments, the position of the feeding port 15 is adjusted such that the projection area of the feeding port 15 on the upper plate 110 is close to the first antenna 12, so that the distance between the feeding port 15 and the first antenna 12 is smaller than the distance between the feeding port 15 and the second antenna 13, and the transmission distance of the feeding current to the second antenna 13 is larger than the transmission distance of the feeding current to the first antenna 12, so that the feeding phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are opposite.
Fig. 8 is a 3D field pattern simulation result diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and fig. 9 is a horizontal plane 2D field pattern of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 8 and fig. 9, when the current flows in the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are reversed, and the feed phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are reversed, the field intensity formed by the first antenna 12 and the field intensity formed by the second antenna 13 cancel each other in the upper and lower directions, the radiation energy is concentrated on the horizontal plane, the field pattern is regular, the gain of the horizontal plane is improved, and the out-of-roundness is improved; meanwhile, the synthesized field strengths of all directions of the horizontal plane are approximately equal, so that the horizontal omnidirectionality is improved.
In some embodiments, the first antenna 12 may be used to adjust the electric field strength E in a certain direction 1 The electric field intensity E of the second antenna 13 in the same direction 2 Feed phase θ of first antenna 12 1 Feed phase θ of the second antenna 13 2 To optimize the resultant field of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, so that the resultant field distribution can be optimized by adjusting the feed phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13.
Fig. 10 is a schematic plane structure diagram of an antenna device for adjusting a feeding phase according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 10, when the current inflow directions of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are the same, that is, the first antenna 12 is disposed in the up-down direction, the feed transmission line 14 feeds the first antenna 12 from the lower end of the first antenna 12, and the feed current direction to the first antenna 12 is input upward; the second antenna 13 is disposed in the up-down direction, and the feed transmission line 14 feeds the second antenna 13 from the lower end of the second antenna 13, and the direction of the feed current to the second antenna 13 is input upward.
Since the currents of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 flow in the same direction, in order to cancel the field strengths of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 in the vertical direction, the feeding phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 should be the same, and therefore the feeding port 15 is located at the middle position of the feeding transmission line 14, and the distance between the feeding port 15 and the first antenna 12 and the distance between the feeding port 15 and the second antenna 13 are the same, so that the feeding phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are the same.
Thus, when the currents of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 flow in the same direction, and the feed currents of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are the same, the field intensity formed by the first antenna 12 and the field intensity formed by the second antenna 13 cancel each other in the upper and lower directions, and the radiation energy is concentrated on a horizontal plane, so that the long graph is regular, the gain of the horizontal plane is improved, and the out-of-roundness is improved; meanwhile, the synthesized field strengths of all directions of the horizontal plane are approximately equal, so that the horizontal omnidirectionality is improved.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of an antenna apparatus for adjusting a feeding phase according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 11, when the current flowing directions of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are opposite, the feeding phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 can be adjusted by adjusting the access positions of the feeding ports 15, so as to adjust the field pattern distribution of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, and optimize the resultant field distribution of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13.
In some embodiments, the position of the feeding port 15 is adjusted, so that the projection area of the feeding port 15 on the upper layer board 110 is located at the middle part between the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, the arrangement of the feeding transmission line 14 on the lower layer board 111 is changed, the feeding transmission line 14 on the upper side of the feeding port 15 adopts a linear feeding transmission line, and the feeding port 15 is connected to the first metal via 16 through the linear feeding transmission line 14, so as to realize the electrical connection between the feeding transmission line 14 and the first antenna 12; the feeding transmission line 14 at the lower side of the feeding port 15 is bent, the feeding transmission line 14 is bent towards the right edge direction of the upper plate 110, so that the length of the feeding transmission line 14 between the feeding port 15 and the second metal via hole is increased, the length of the feeding transmission line between the feeding port 15 and the first antenna 12 is smaller than that between the feeding port 15 and the second antenna 13, the transmission distance of the feeding flow to the second antenna 13 is larger than that of the feeding flow to the first antenna 12, and the feeding phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are opposite.
When the current flows in the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are reversed, and the feed phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are opposite, the field intensity formed by the first antenna 12 and the field intensity formed by the second antenna 13 are counteracted in the upper and lower directions, the radiation energy is concentrated on a horizontal plane, the field pattern diagram is regular, the gain of the horizontal plane is improved, and the out-of-roundness is improved; meanwhile, the synthesized field strengths of all directions of the horizontal plane are approximately equal, so that the horizontal omnidirectionality is improved.
In some embodiments, the first antenna 12 may be used to adjust the electric field strength E in a certain direction 1 The electric field intensity E of the second antenna 13 in the same direction 2 Feed phase θ of first antenna 12 1 Feed phase θ of the second antenna 13 2 To optimize the combined field of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, so that the electric field strength E can be changed by adjusting the structure and the size of the first antenna 12 1 To optimize the distribution of the synthesized field and to realize the optimization of the omnidirectionality and the gain.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 12, the first antenna 12 includes a first radiating arm 121 and a second radiating arm 122, where the first radiating arm 121 is disposed along an up-down direction, and the second radiating arm 122 is bent from an upper end of the first radiating arm 121 toward a right edge of the upper plate 110, so that a certain included angle is formed between the first radiating arm 121 and the second radiating arm 122, so as to change a structure of the first antenna 12.
The feed transmission line 14 feeds the first antenna 12 from the lower end of the first antenna 12, and the feed current direction to the first antenna 12 is input upwards; the feed transmission line feeds the second antenna 13 from the upper end of the second antenna 13, and the feed current to the second antenna 13 is inputted downward, so that the currents of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 flow in the reverse direction.
The projection area of the feed port 15 on the upper plate 110 is close to the first antenna 12, and the length of the feed transmission line between the feed port 15 and the first antenna 12 is smaller than the length of the feed transmission line between the feed port 15 and the second antenna 13, so that the transmission distance of the feed flowing into the second antenna 13 is longer than the transmission distance of the feed flowing into the first antenna 12, and thus the feed phases of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are opposite.
The field pattern distribution and the feed phase of the monopole antenna are synchronously adjusted, so that the field strengths of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 in the upper direction and the lower direction are counteracted, radiation energy is concentrated on a horizontal plane, the field pattern is regular, the gain of the horizontal plane is improved, and out-of-roundness is improved; meanwhile, the synthesized field strengths of all directions of the horizontal plane are approximately equal, so that the horizontal omnidirectionality is improved.
In some embodiments, the first antenna 12 may be used to adjust the electric field strength E in a certain direction 1 The electric field intensity E of the second antenna 13 in the same direction 2 Feed phase θ of first antenna 12 1 Feed phase θ of the second antenna 13 2 To optimize the combined field of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, so that the electric field strength E can be changed by adjusting the environment of the first antenna 12 1 To optimize the distribution of the synthesized field and to realize the optimization of the omnidirectionality and the gain.
Fig. 13 is a schematic plan view of an adjusting antenna chassis structure of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 13, since the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are monopole antennas, the monopole antennas are electrically connected with the feed transmission line 14 through metal vias, and the lower board 111 where the feed transmission line 14 is located is a ground layer, so that changing the ground structure of the PCB 11 can affect the radiation of the first antenna 12, so that the field pattern formed by the first antenna 12 changes.
In some embodiments, the upper left corner of the lower plate 111 is provided with a notch, the right edge of the notch (a left edge of the lower plate 111) is provided with a groove, the side edge of the groove is connected with the right edge of the notch, and the left side of the groove is provided with an opening, so that part of the left edge of the lower plate 111 is not a smooth edge (a tooth-like structure) which is located in a projection area of the first clearance area on the lower plate 111 of the PCB. As the ground structure connected to the first antenna 12 changes, the field pattern of the first antenna 12 also changes.
By adjusting the field pattern distribution of the monopole antennas, the field strengths of the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 in the upper direction and the lower direction are counteracted, the radiation energy is concentrated on a horizontal plane, the field pattern is regular, the gain of the horizontal plane is improved, and the out-of-roundness is improved; meanwhile, the synthesized field strengths of all directions of the horizontal plane are approximately equal, so that the horizontal omnidirectionality is improved.
In some embodiments, in order to adjust the field pattern distribution and the feed phase of the binary antenna array formed by the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 may be the same or different antenna structures, for example, the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are monopole antennas, or the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 are IFA antennas.
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram III of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 14, the upper left corner of the upper plate 110 of the PCB board is provided with a first headroom region, and the middle upper left side of the upper plate 110 is provided with a second headroom region, and the first headroom region and the second headroom region are vertically arranged. The first clearance area is internally provided with a first LFA antenna, the second clearance area is internally provided with a second LFA antenna, the first LFA antenna and the second LFA antenna have the same structure, and the first LFA antenna and the second LFA antenna form a binary antenna array.
The first LFA antenna includes a ground terminal, an upper arm, a shorting arm, and a feeder line, the ground terminal and the upper arm are vertically arranged, the length of the upper arm in the left-right direction is about one fourth of the wavelength, the length of the ground terminal in the left-right direction is at least as long as the length of the upper arm, the height of the ground terminal in the up-down direction should be at least one fourth of the wavelength, and if the height of the ground terminal is small, the bandwidth and efficiency will be reduced.
The shorting arm is connected to one end of the upper arm from one end of the ground to achieve shorting of the upper arm to the ground, and the shorting arm should be a small fraction of a wavelength in height.
The feeder line is located between the ground and the upper arm, one end of the feeder line is electrically connected to the ground, the other end of the feeder line is electrically connected to the upper arm, and the feeder line is closer to the shorting arm than the open end of the upper arm.
The LFA antenna is a quarter-wavelength resonant antenna because of its structure with open and short circuit, and when the wavelength of the feed signal is four times the length of the antenna, the current resonates on the antenna to generate radiation to form field intensity in all directions because the up-flow distribution on the antenna satisfies boundary conditions that the current is strongest and the current is weakest.
A feeding transmission line 14 and a feeding port 15 are arranged on the lower layer plate 111 of the PCB 11, and the feeding port 15 is electrically connected with the feeding transmission line 14 so as to feed current into the feeding transmission line; one end of the feed transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the first LFA antenna through a metal via hole, and the other end of the feed transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the second LFA antenna through a metal via hole, so that the first LFA antenna and the second LFA antenna resonate to generate radiation under the action of feed current.
Due to the combined field of the first LFA antenna and the second LFA antenna and the electric field intensity E of the first LFA antenna in a certain direction 1 The electric field intensity E of the second LFA antenna in the same direction 2 Feed phase θ of first LFA antenna 1 Feed phase θ of second LFA antenna 2 Relatedly, E may be changed by changing the structure, size, environment, or location of the first LFA antenna 1 Changing E by changing the structure, size, environment, or position of the second LFA antenna 2 Adjusting θ by changing the position of the feed port 1 、θ 2 A horizontal plane horizontally polarized omnidirectional pattern can be generated by optimization.
In some embodiments, in order to adjust the field pattern distribution and the feed phase of the binary antenna array formed by the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13, the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 may be the same or different antenna structures, for example, the first antenna 12 and the second antenna 13 may also be slot antennas.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 15, a first slot antenna and a second slot antenna are formed by slotting on the PCB 11, the first slot antenna and the second slot antenna are vertically arranged, and the lengths of the first slot antenna and the second slot antenna can be half a wavelength.
The PCB 11 is further provided with a feeding transmission line 14 and a feeding port 15, the feeding transmission line 14 is located between the first slot antenna and the second slot antenna, and the feeding port 15 is electrically connected with the feeding transmission line 14 through another transmission line so as to feed current into the feeding transmission line. The upper end of the feed transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the first slot antenna, and the lower end of the feed transmission line 14 is electrically connected with the second slot antenna, so that the feed port 15 feeds the first slot antenna and the second slot antenna, and the first slot antenna and the second slot antenna resonate to generate radiation under the action of feed current.
Due to the combined field of the first slot antenna and the second slot antenna and the electric field intensity E of the first slot antenna in a certain direction 1 The electric field intensity E of the second slot antenna in the same direction 2 Feed phase θ of first slot antenna 1 Feed phase θ of second slot antenna 2 In relation, E may be changed by changing the structure, size, environment or position of the first slot antenna 1 Changing E by changing the structure, size, environment, or position of the second slot antenna 2 Adjusting θ by changing the position of the feed port 1 、θ 2 The antenna energy can be mainly concentrated on the horizontal plane for radiation through optimization, the gain in the horizontal direction is high, and the omnidirectionality is good.
The antenna device provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure includes a PCB board, a first antenna, a second antenna, a feed transmission line and a feed port that connect the first antenna and the second antenna, which are printed on the PCB board, where the PCB board may be a single-layer board or a multi-layer board, the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged on the PCB board along a vertical direction, a space between a phase center of the first antenna and a phase center of the second antenna is about 1/2 of a wavelength corresponding to a phase center frequency of the antenna, and the first antenna and the second antenna may be the same or different antenna structures, and may adopt antennas such as a monopole antenna or a slot antenna; when the PCB board is the multiply wood, feed transmission line and first antenna, second antenna are located different lamellas, and feed port and feed transmission line are located same plywood, and feed port is connected with feed transmission line electricity through a transmission line, and feed transmission line's one end is connected with first antenna electricity through the metal via hole, and feed transmission line's the other end is connected with second antenna electricity through the metal via hole to feed for first antenna, second antenna through feed port for first antenna, second antenna produce the radiation.
The combined field formed by the first antenna and the second antenna and the electric field intensity E of the first antenna in a certain direction 1 The electric field intensity E of the second antenna in the same direction 2 Feed phase θ of first antenna 1 Feed phase θ of the second antenna 2 In relation, E may be changed by changing the structure, size, environment, or location of the first antenna 1 Changing E by changing the structure, size, environment, or position of the second antenna 2 Adjusting θ by changing the position of the feed port 1 、θ 2 Thus, the field intensity distribution of the first antenna and the second antenna can be optimized, and the optimization of omnidirectionality and gain is realized.
E can be used singly or simultaneously 1 、E 2 、θ 1 、θ 2 The performance is optimized, the field intensity of the two antennas in the upper direction and the lower direction is counteracted, the radiation energy is concentrated on the horizontal plane, the gain is improved, the resultant field intensity in each direction of the horizontal plane is approximately equal, and the horizontal omnidirectionality is further improved.
Based on the antenna device provided by the embodiment, some embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a home intelligent gateway, where the home intelligent gateway includes the antenna device described in the foregoing embodiment, so as to effectively improve gain and omnidirectionality of a built-in antenna of the home intelligent gateway, improve wireless coverage capability of a product, and reduce power consumption of the product under certain coverage requirements.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present disclosure, and are not limiting thereof; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna device, comprising:
the PCB is provided with a first clearance area and a second clearance area on the surface, and the first clearance area and the second clearance area are arranged side by side along the same direction;
the first antenna is arranged in the first clearance area;
the second antenna is arranged in the second clearance area, and a preset distance is reserved between the phase center of the second antenna and the phase center of the first antenna, so that the first antenna and the second antenna form an antenna array;
the feed transmission line is arranged on the PCB and is positioned on different surfaces of the PCB with the first antenna and the second antenna; the power supply transmission line is positioned in the mounting groove on the surface of the PCB, the projection of the power supply transmission line on the surface of the first antenna is positioned between the first antenna and the second antenna, one end of the power supply transmission line is electrically connected with the first antenna through a metal via hole, and the other end of the power supply transmission line is electrically connected with the second antenna through a metal via hole;
the feed port is arranged on the PCB and is positioned on the same surface of the PCB as the feed transmission line, and is electrically connected with the feed transmission line through the transmission line, and the distance between the feed port and two ends of the feed transmission line is in a preset relation with the feed phases of the first antenna and the second antenna so as to adjust the feed phases of the first antenna and the second antenna.
2. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the PCB board includes an upper board and a lower board, the upper board and the lower board being stacked; the first clearance area and the second clearance area are arranged on the upper surface of the upper plate, the first clearance area and the second clearance area are arranged in the vertical direction, and the first clearance area is positioned on the upper side of the second clearance area;
the feed transmission line and the feed port are arranged on the lower surface of the lower layer plate, and the projection of the feed transmission line on the upper layer plate is positioned between the first antenna and the second antenna.
3. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that a mounting groove is provided on the lower plate, a projection of the mounting groove on the upper plate being located between the first antenna and the second antenna, the feed transmission line being located in the mounting groove.
4. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that, when the feed of the first antenna and the second antenna is the same, the projection of the feed port on the upper plate is the same as the distance between the first antenna, and the projection of the feed port on the upper plate is the same as the distance between the second antenna.
5. The antenna device according to claim 2, wherein when the feeding phases of the first antenna and the second antenna are different, a distance between a projection of the feeding port on the upper plate and the first antenna is smaller than a distance between a projection of the feeding port on the upper plate and the second antenna.
6. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are identical in structure or the first antenna and the second antenna are different in structure.
7. The antenna device of claim 6, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are both monopole antennas, inverted-F antennas, or slot antennas.
8. The antenna device of claim 2, wherein an edge of the first headroom region within the projected region of the lower plate is not a smooth edge to vary an electric field strength of the first antenna.
9. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein a preset distance between the phase center of the first antenna and the phase center of the second antenna is half of a wavelength corresponding to an antenna phase center frequency.
10. A home intelligent gateway, characterized by comprising an antenna device according to any of claims 1-9 for transmitting, receiving electromagnetic wave signals.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320424242.8U CN219498174U (en) | 2023-03-08 | 2023-03-08 | Antenna device and home intelligent gateway |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320424242.8U CN219498174U (en) | 2023-03-08 | 2023-03-08 | Antenna device and home intelligent gateway |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219498174U true CN219498174U (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202320424242.8U Active CN219498174U (en) | 2023-03-08 | 2023-03-08 | Antenna device and home intelligent gateway |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219498174U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-03-08 CN CN202320424242.8U patent/CN219498174U/en active Active
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