CN215264106U - Waveguide assembly, optical device and intelligent glasses - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a waveguide assembly, optical device and intelligent glasses, waveguide assembly includes: a first waveguide layer; a second waveguide layer having a refractive index different from that of the first waveguide layer; when light is incident to the waveguide assembly, the first waveguide layer can transmit first light of a first field angle alone, the first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer can transmit second light of a second field angle together, and the first field angle is different from the second field angle. Among the optical device, first waveguide layer can transmit first light alone, and first waveguide layer and second waveguide layer can transmit the second light jointly to be convenient for adjust respectively the transmission cycle of the light of different angles of view, make the transmission cycle of the light of different angles of view tend to near, consequently can make the exit pupil density when the light of different angles of view is followed optical device and is close, thereby can improve the homogeneity of the emergent light of optical device.

Description

Waveguide assembly, optical device and intelligent glasses

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to a waveguide assembly, an optical device and intelligent glasses.

Background

With the rapid development of Augmented Reality (AR) technology, wearable devices such as smart glasses are increasingly used. After the user wears the intelligent glasses with the AR function, the combination of the virtual scene and the real scene can be experienced.

The smart glasses are generally provided with a waveguide through which light emitted from an image source is transmitted, so that human eyes can observe a virtual scene. However, since the diffraction angles of the light rays with different angles of view are different when the light rays are transmitted in the waveguide, the exit pupil density of the light rays with different angles of view when the light rays exit from the waveguide is different, which affects the uniformity of the light rays, and finally leads to poor performance of the smart glasses.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the application provides a waveguide assembly, an optical device and intelligent glasses, can improve the homogeneity of the emergent light of the optical device to improve the performance of the intelligent glasses.

An embodiment of the present application provides a waveguide assembly, including:

a first waveguide layer; and

a second waveguide layer which is provided in a stacked manner with the first waveguide layer and has a refractive index different from that of the first waveguide layer;

when light is incident to the waveguide assembly, the first waveguide layer can separately transmit first light with a first field angle, the first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer can jointly transmit second light with a second field angle, and the first field angle is different from the second field angle.

An embodiment of the present application further provides an optical apparatus, including:

a waveguide assembly, the waveguide assembly being the above waveguide assembly;

the coupling-in element is arranged on one side, away from the second waveguide layer, of the first waveguide layer; and

the coupling-out element is arranged on one side, away from the second waveguide layer, of the first waveguide layer, and the coupling-in element and the coupling-out element are arranged at intervals;

when light is incident to the coupling-in element, the light is coupled into the waveguide assembly through the coupling-in element, and the first light and the second light are both coupled out through the coupling-out element.

The embodiment of the present application further provides an intelligent glasses, include:

a frame;

one or more optical devices mounted on the frame, the optical devices being as described above.

In the optical device that this application embodiment provided, through setting up the refracting index with the second waveguide layer to be different with the refracting index of first waveguide layer, make the light of different angles of view can transmit with different laws in the waveguide subassembly, first waveguide layer can transmit the first light of first angle of view alone, first waveguide layer and second waveguide layer can transmit the second light of second angle of view jointly, thereby be convenient for adjust respectively the transmission cycle to the light of different angles of view, make the transmission cycle of the light of different angles of view tend to be close, exit pupil density when consequently can making the light of different angles of view from optical device and emergent approaches, thereby can improve the homogeneity of the light of optical device outgoing.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first structure of an optical device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first light transmission in an optical device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second light transmission in an optical device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third light transmission in an optical device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a fourth light transmission in an optical device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of an optical device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third optical device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of an optical device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of fifth light transmission in an optical device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a stacked arrangement of a plurality of optical devices according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of smart glasses provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the smart eyewear of fig. 11 taken along the direction Q-Q.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The embodiment of the application provides an optical device. The optical device can be applied to intelligent glasses, so that a user can observe an image formed by combining an actual scene and a virtual scene through the intelligent glasses, and the combination of virtual and reality is experienced.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an optical device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The optical device 100 includes a waveguide assembly 10 and a light coupling assembly 20, wherein the light coupling assembly 20 is disposed on one side of the waveguide assembly 10. It will be appreciated that the waveguide assembly 10 is capable of transmitting light and that the light coupling assembly 20 is capable of coupling light, for example, coupling light into the waveguide assembly 10 and coupling light transmitted in the waveguide assembly 10 out.

The waveguide assembly 10 comprises a first waveguide layer 11 and a second waveA conductive layer 12. Wherein the second waveguide layer 12 is stacked on the first waveguide layer 11. It is understood that both first waveguide layer 11 and second waveguide layer 12 may be formed of a material, such as glass, that facilitates light transmission. The first waveguide layer 11 has a thickness h₁Refractive index of n₁. The second waveguide layer 12 has a thickness h₂Refractive index of n₂. In the embodiment of the present application, the refractive index n of second waveguide layer 12₂Refractive index n of the first waveguide layer 11₁Accordingly, the first waveguide layer 11 and the second waveguide layer 12 transmit light in different laws.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, when light enters the waveguide assembly 10, based on different transmission laws of the first waveguide layer 11 and the second waveguide layer 12 on the light, the first light of the first angle of view can be totally reflected on the surface of the first waveguide layer 11 facing the second waveguide layer 12, so that the first waveguide layer 11 can transmit the first light alone; the second light of the second angle of view is not totally reflected at the surface of first waveguide layer 11 but totally reflected at the surface of second waveguide layer 12 facing away from first waveguide layer 11, so that first waveguide layer 11 and second waveguide layer 12 are able to jointly transmit the second light.

Wherein, the first angle of view and the second angle of view are different angles of view. It is understood that the first and second angles of view each include a range of viewing angles. The viewing angle range of the first field angle and the refractive index n of the first waveguide layer 11₁In relation to the viewing angle range of the second field of view and the refractive index n of the first waveguide layer 11₁The refractive index n of the second waveguide layer 12₂Are all correlated.

In some embodiments, the refractive index n of the first waveguide layer 11₁Greater than the refractive index n of second waveguide layer 12₂. For example, the refractive index n of the first waveguide layer 11₁May be between 1.6 and 2.5, the refractive index n of the second waveguide layer 12₂May be between 1.3 and 2, and n₁Greater than n₂。

The light coupling assembly 20 comprises a coupling-in element 21 and a coupling-out element 22. Coupling-in elements 21 are arranged on the side of first waveguide layer 11 facing away from second waveguide layer 12. Coupling-out element 22 is also arranged on the side of first waveguide layer 11 facing away from second waveguide layer 12. The coupling-in element 21 and the coupling-out element 22 are arranged at a distance.

The incoupling element 21 may be one of a diffraction grating, a holographic grating, a prism structure, and a holographic reflector array, and the outcoupling grating 22 may also be one of a diffraction grating, a holographic grating, a prism structure, and a holographic reflector array. The type of the coupling-in element 21 and the type of the coupling-out element 22 may be the same or different.

In practical applications, when light is incident on the incoupling element 21, the incoupling element 21 can couple the light into the waveguide assembly 10 for transmission. The first light transmitted by first waveguide layer 11 alone and the second light transmitted by first waveguide layer 11 and second waveguide layer 12 together can be coupled out to the outside by coupling-out element 22.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first light transmission in the optical device 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Wherein the first light ray I₁At an angle of incidence alpha₁When entering from the second waveguide layer 12 side toward the coupling-in element 21, the light is coupled into the waveguide assembly 10 through the coupling-in element 21 and transmitted. A first light ray I₁The transmission Period in the waveguide assembly 10 is Period1 and the diffraction angle is θ₁. Wherein the incident angle alpha₁Is a first light ray I₁Angle between the incident direction towards the incoupling element 21 and the normal of the incoupling element 21, diffraction angle theta₁Is a first light ray I₁The transmission direction coupled into the waveguide assembly 10 by the coupling-in element 21 is at an angle to the normal of the coupling-in element 21.

A first light ray I₁Total reflection can take place at the surface of the first waveguide layer 11 facing the second waveguide layer 12, so that the first waveguide layer 11 alone can transmit the first light I₁. At this time, Period1 ═ 2 × tan (θ)₁)*h₁. Subsequently, the light I propagating in the first waveguide layer 11₁Is coupled out to the outside by the coupling-out element 22.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second light transmission in the optical device 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Wherein the second light ray I₂At an angle of incidence alpha₂When entering from the second waveguide layer 12 side toward the coupling-in element 21, the light is coupled into the waveguide assembly 10 through the coupling-in element 21 and transmitted. Second light ray I₂The transmission Period in the waveguide assembly 10 is Period2 and the diffraction angle is θ₂. Wherein the incident angle alpha₂Is the second light ray I₂Angle between the incident direction towards the incoupling element 21 and the normal of the incoupling element 21, diffraction angle theta₂Is the second light ray I₂The transmission direction coupled into the waveguide assembly 10 by the coupling-in element 21 is at an angle to the normal of the coupling-in element 21.

Second light ray I₂The total reflection will not occur on the surface of the first waveguide layer 11, but the second light ray I will enter the second waveguide layer 12 for continuous transmission after being transmitted in the first waveguide layer 11, and the total reflection will occur on the surface of the second waveguide layer 12 departing from the first waveguide layer 11, so that the first waveguide layer 11 and the second waveguide layer 12 can transmit the second light ray I together₂. At this time, the process of the present invention,

subsequently, the second light I co-propagating by the first waveguide layer 11 and the second waveguide layer 12₂Is coupled out to the outside by the coupling-out element 22. It will be appreciated that second light ray I is due to the difference in refractive index of second waveguide layer 12 and first waveguide layer 11₂Refraction occurs when entering second waveguide layer 12 from first waveguide layer 11 and when entering first waveguide layer 11 from second waveguide layer 12.

For example, in one practical example, the period of the coupling-in element 21 may be set to 400nm (nanometers), and the refractive index n of the first waveguide layer 11 may be set to₁Set to 1.7, the thickness h of the first waveguide layer 11₁Set to 0.8mm (millimeter), the refractive index n of the second waveguide layer 12₂Set to 1.5, the thickness h of the second waveguide layer 12₂Set at 0.4 mm. At this time, the critical angle of total reflection at the interface between the first waveguide layer 11 and the second waveguide layer 12 is β₁＝arcsin(n₂/n₁) 61.9275 °, the first waveguide layer 11 faces away from the second waveguideOne side of the layer 12 has a critical angle of total reflection of beta₂＝arcsin(1/n₁) 36.0319 °, the critical angle of total reflection of the side of second waveguide layer 12 facing away from first waveguide layer 11 is β₃＝arcsin(1/n₂)＝41.8103°。

When the first light I₁At an angle of incidence alpha₁At an angle of incidence of 10 DEG, the corresponding diffraction angle theta₁At an angle of 62.1899 deg.. At this time, the first light ray I₁Diffraction angle of theta₁Greater than critical angle of total reflection beta₁Also greater than the critical angle for total reflection by beta₂Thus the first light ray I₁Total reflection can occur at the interface between the first waveguide layer 11 and the second waveguide layer 12, and also at the surface of the first waveguide layer 11 facing away from the second waveguide layer 12. Thus, the first light ray I₁Can be transported separately in the first waveguide layer 11.

When the second light I₂At an angle of incidence alpha₂At 3.7648 DEG angle of incidence, corresponding diffraction angle theta₂At an angle of 48.05 deg.. At this time, the second light ray I₂Diffraction angle of theta₂Less than the critical angle for total reflection 61.9275 deg., so that the second ray I₂Total reflection does not occur at the interface of the first waveguide layer 11 and the second waveguide layer 12. And, the second light ray I₂Diffraction angle of theta₂Greater than critical angle of total reflection of beta₂And also greater than the critical angle for total reflection by beta₃. Thus, the second light ray I₂Total reflection can occur at a face of the first waveguide layer 11 facing away from the second waveguide layer 12, and total reflection can also occur at a face of the second waveguide layer 12 facing away from the first waveguide layer 11. Thus, the second light ray I₂Capable of co-propagating in the first waveguide layer 11 and the second waveguide layer 12.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a third schematic diagram of light transmission in the optical device 100 according to the present application.

In practical application, the first light ray I₁Or at an angle of incidence α₁Enters from the first waveguide layer 11 side toward the coupling-in element 21 and is coupled into the waveguide assembly 10 through the coupling-in element 21 for transmission. At this time, the first light ray I₁In the waveguide assembly 10The propagation law is the same as that when incident from the second waveguide layer 12 side.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a fourth light transmission diagram of the optical device 100 according to the present application.

In practical application, the second light ray I₂Or at an angle of incidence α₂Enters from the first waveguide layer 11 side toward the coupling-in element 21 and is coupled into the waveguide assembly 10 through the coupling-in element 21 for transmission. At this time, the second light ray I₂The transmission law in the waveguide assembly 10 is the same as that when incident from the second waveguide layer 12 side.

Note that, regardless of whether the light is incident from the second waveguide layer 12 side toward the incoupling element 21 or from the first waveguide layer 11 side toward the incoupling element 21, the light is a mixed light formed of light of a plurality of angles of view. The first light ray I₁A second light ray I₂All are rays of a certain angle of view from the incident mixed rays. For example, the first light ray I₁A ray of a first field angle, a second ray I₂A ray at a second angle of view, and the first angle of view is different from the second angle of view. For example, in practical applications, the first field of view may include a 10 ° angle and the second field of view may include an 3.7648 ° angle.

In some embodiments, the first light ray I₁The transverse transmission Period1 in the first waveguide layer 11 and the second light I₂The lateral transfer periods Period2 are the same in the first waveguide layer 11 and the second waveguide layer 12. At this time, the first light ray I₁And a second light ray I₂The exit pupil density after exiting from the optical device 100 is the same, and the first light I₁And a second light ray I₂The uniformity of (a) is the best.

As can be appreciated, the first light ray I₁Transverse transmission Period1 and second light ray I₂When the lateral transfer Period2 is the same, the following relationship is satisfied between the thickness of the first waveguide layer 11 and the thickness of the second waveguide layer 12:

wherein h is₁Is the thickness of the first waveguide layer 11, h₂Is the thickness, θ, of second waveguide layer 12₁Is a first light ray I₁Angle of diffraction of theta₂Is the second light ray I₂Diffraction angle of (1).

In some embodiments, the thickness h of the first waveguide layer 11₁Between 0.05 mm and 3 mm. Thickness h of second waveguide layer 12₂Between 0.05 mm and 3 mm.

For example, in the practical application example described above, the period of the incoupling elements 21 is set to 400nm (nanometers), and the refractive index n of the first waveguide layer 11 is set to₁Set to 1.7, the thickness h of the first waveguide layer 11₁Set to 0.8mm (millimeter), the refractive index n of the second waveguide layer 12₂Set to 1.5, the thickness h of the second waveguide layer 12₂Set at 0.4 mm.

Then, when the first light I₁At an angle of incidence alpha₁At an angle of incidence of 10 DEG, the corresponding diffraction angle theta₁At an angle of 62.1899 deg.. At this time, the first light ray I₁Transverse transmission Period1 ═ 2 tan (θ)₁)*h₁＝3.033mm。

When the second light I₂At an angle of incidence alpha₂At 3.7648 DEG angle of incidence, corresponding diffraction angle theta₂At an angle of 48.05 deg.. At this time, the second light ray I₂Transverse transmission period of

At this time, the first light ray I₁The transverse transmission Period1 is equal to the second light ray I₂The transverse transmission periods Period2 are the same.

It should be noted that, in practical applications, the light rays incident toward the incoupling element 21 generally include light rays with a plurality of viewing angles, and the lateral propagation periods of the light rays with the respective viewing angles in the waveguide assembly 10 are not necessarily all the same, but the lateral propagation periods of the light rays with the respective viewing angles can be reduced.

In the optical device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the refractive index of the second waveguide layer 12 is set to be different from the refractive index of the first waveguide layer 11, so that the light rays with different angles of view can be transmitted in the waveguide assembly 10 according to different rules, that is, the first waveguide layer 11 can separately transmit the first light rays with the first angle of view, and the first waveguide layer 11 and the second waveguide layer 12 can transmit the second light rays with the second angle of view together, thereby facilitating to adjust the transmission periods of the light rays with different angles of view respectively, and making the transmission periods of the light rays with different angles of view tend to approach each other, so that the exit pupil density when the light rays with different angles of view exit from the optical device 100 approaches each other, and thus the uniformity of the light rays exiting from the optical device 100 can be improved.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second structure of the optical device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Wherein the waveguide assembly 10 further comprises a first adhesive layer 13, the first adhesive layer 13 being arranged between the second waveguide layer 12 and the first waveguide layer 11. First waveguide layer 11 and second waveguide layer 12 are bonded to each other by first adhesive layer 13. The refractive index of first adhesive layer 13 is the same as the refractive index of second waveguide layer 12. For example, in some embodiments, the first adhesive layer 13 may be a light-transmissive glue layer.

It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, first waveguide layer 11 and second waveguide layer 12 may not be adhered by an adhesive layer, for example, second waveguide layer 12 may be attached to first waveguide layer 11 by surface mounting.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a third structure of the optical device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

The waveguide assembly 10 further includes M waveguide layers, which are stacked in sequence from a side of the second waveguide layer 12 away from the first waveguide layer 11. At this time, the waveguide assembly 10 includes the waveguide layers having the number of layers M +2, and the M +2 waveguide layers have refractive indices different from each other.

In some embodiments, the M +2 waveguide layer,the refractive index of the P-th waveguide layer is less than that of the P-1 th waveguide layer and greater than that of the P +1 th waveguide layer. That is, the refractive index decreases in order from the first waveguide layer 11 to the outermost waveguide layer opposite to the first waveguide layer 11. Thus, the first to P-th waveguiding layers 11 to 11 can collectively transmit the P-th light ray I of the P-th angle of view among the incident light rays_p。

M, P are positive integers, and P is not less than 2 and not more than M + 1. For example, M may be 1, 5, 8, etc. For example, when M is 5, P may take on values of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

In some embodiments, the first light ray I₁Transverse transmission period of the second light ray I₂Transverse transmission period of (P) th light ray (I)_pThe periods of lateral transfer are all the same. It can be understood that, when the lateral transmission periods of the light rays are the same, the relation between the thicknesses of the waveguide layers can be analogized by referring to the relation in the above embodiments, and details thereof are not described herein.

In some embodiments, each of the M waveguide layers has a thickness of between 0.05 mm and 3 mm. The refractive index of each waveguide layer is between 1.3 and 2.5, and the refractive index decreases from the first waveguide layer 11 to the outermost waveguide layer opposite to the first waveguide layer 11.

It is understood that the waveguide assembly 10 includes a greater number of waveguide layers, and the division of the field angle of the incident light is finer, and the incident light can be divided into a greater number of different field angle light rays, and the different field angle light rays are transmitted in different waveguide layers, so that the uniformity of the light rays emitted from the optical device 100 can be better.

In some embodiments, a P-th bonding layer is disposed between the P-th waveguide layer and the P + 1-th waveguide layer, and the refractive index of the P-th bonding layer is the same as that of the P + 1-th waveguide layer. That is, an adhesive layer is provided between each adjacent two waveguide layers, and the two waveguide layers are adhered to each other by the adhesive layer. And, the refractive index of the bonding layer between each adjacent two waveguide layers is the same as the refractive index of the waveguide layer far from the first waveguide layer 11 of the adjacent two waveguide layers.

It will be appreciated that in some embodiments, each two adjacent waveguide layers may also be bonded to each other by way of a surface mount, thereby eliminating the need for an adhesive layer.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fourth structure of the optical device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 8 shows a case where M takes a value of 1. Waveguide assembly 10 also includes a third waveguide layer 14. Third waveguide layer 14 is disposed on a side of second waveguide layer 12 facing away from first waveguide layer 11. Third waveguide layer 14 has a thickness h3 and a refractive index n₃. Wherein refractive index n of third waveguide layer 14₃Is smaller than the refractive index n of the second waveguide layer 12₂。

In the present embodiment, the refractive index n of the first waveguide layer 11₁May be between 1.6 and 2.5, the refractive index n of the second waveguide layer 12₂May be between 1.5 and 1.8, and the refractive index n of third waveguide layer 14₃May be between 1.3 and 1.6, and n₁Greater than n₂，n₂Greater than n₃。

In some embodiments, third waveguide layer 14 has a thickness h3 of between 0.05 millimeters and 3 millimeters.

Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating fifth light transmission in the optical device 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Wherein the third light ray I₃At an angle of incidence alpha₃When light enters from the third waveguide layer 14 side (also understood to be the second waveguide layer 12 side) toward the coupling-in element 21, the light is coupled into the waveguide assembly 10 through the coupling-in element 21 and is transmitted. Third ray I₃The transmission Period in the waveguide assembly 10 is Period3 and the diffraction angle is θ₃. Wherein the incident angle alpha₃Is the third light ray I₃Angle between the incident direction towards the incoupling element 21 and the normal of the incoupling element 21, diffraction angle theta₃Is the third light ray I₃The transmission direction coupled into the waveguide assembly 10 by the coupling-in element 21 is at an angle to the normal of the coupling-in element 21.

Third ray I₃Coupled into the waveguide assembly 10 by the coupling-in element 21, and then sequentially transmitted through the first waveguide layer 11Second waveguide layer 12, and to third waveguide layer 14, and then total reflection occurs at the surface of third waveguide layer 14 away from first waveguide layer 11, so that first waveguide layer 11, second waveguide layer 12, and third waveguide layer 14 can jointly transmit third light I₃. Subsequently, the third light ray I₃Is coupled out to the outside by the coupling-out element 22. It will be appreciated that the third light ray I is due to the fact that the refractive index of second waveguide layer 12 is different from the refractive index of first waveguide layer 11 and the refractive index of third waveguide layer 14 is different from the refractive index of second waveguide layer 12₃Refraction occurs when entering second waveguide layer 12 from first waveguide layer 11, entering third waveguide layer 14 from second waveguide layer 12, entering second waveguide layer 12 from third waveguide layer 14, and entering first waveguide layer 11 from second waveguide layer 12.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a stacked arrangement of a plurality of optical devices 100 provided in the embodiments of the present application.

In practical applications, a plurality of optical devices 100 may be stacked, for example, 2 optical devices 100 as shown in fig. 10. Among them, 2 optical devices 100 may be connected and fixed by the frame 200. The frame body 200 may be, for example, a frame-attached glass.

It is understood that the number of optical devices 100 arranged in a stack may also be more, such as 3, 5, 10, etc.

It can be understood that when a plurality of optical devices 100 are stacked, the number of the waveguide layers can be increased, so that the incident light can be divided into a plurality of different viewing angle lights, and the different viewing angle lights are transmitted through the different waveguide layers, so that the uniformity of the light emitted from the optical devices 100 can be improved.

The embodiment of the application also provides the intelligent glasses. Referring to fig. 11 and 12 together, fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of smart glasses 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the smart glasses 1000 shown in fig. 11 along a direction Q-Q.

The smart glasses 1000 include the optical device 100, the frame 300, and the image source 500, and both the optical device 100 and the image source 500 are mounted on the frame 300. The optical device 100 may be one or more.

The frame 300 includes a frame 310 and a leg 320 connected to the frame 310. The eyeglass frame 310 may be used to mount the optical device 100. The optical device 100 may transmit external light so that a user may observe a real scene of the outside. The temple 320 is used to wear the smart glasses 1000 on the face of the user, for example, the temple 320 may be clipped on the ear of the user to realize the wearing of the smart glasses 1000. It is understood that the number of the temples 320 may be 2, and 2 temples 320 are symmetrically disposed, for example, 2 temples 320 may be respectively connected to opposite ends of the glasses frame 310.

The image source 500 can be installed inside the glasses leg 320, which can facilitate the installation of the image source 500 and hide the image source 500. The image source 500 may be configured to generate light corresponding to the virtual scene, and project the light onto the optical apparatus 100 for transmission. For example, the image source 500 may be a pico projector.

As shown in FIG. 12, the image source 500 may generate a ray I corresponding to a virtual scene_AAnd apply the light I_AProjected onto the optical device 100. Light ray I_ATransmitted by the optical device 100 and then emitted, and finally received by the human eye 2000, so that the user can observe the light ray I_AAnd (4) corresponding virtual scenes. Understandably, the light ray I_AFor mixed light at various angles of view, ray I_AMay include the first light I₁A second light ray I₂And a third light ray I₃。

On the other hand, ambient light I_BCan be transmitted through the optical device 100 and received directly by the human eye 2000 so that the user can observe the light I_BAnd (4) corresponding to the real scene.

Therefore, the user can observe both the virtual scene and the real scene, and can experience the combination of the virtual scene and the real scene.

In some embodiments, when the number of the optical devices 100 is plural, the plurality of optical devices 100 may be sequentially stacked and then mounted on the glasses frame 310. Fig. 10 shows an example in which a plurality of optical devices 100 are stacked in sequence.

In the smart glasses 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the refractive index of the second waveguide layer 12 of the waveguide assembly 10 is set to be different from the refractive index of the first waveguide layer 11, so that the light rays with different angles of view can be transmitted in the waveguide assembly 10 according to different rules, that is, the first waveguide layer 11 can transmit the first light ray with the first angle of view alone, and the first waveguide layer 11 and the second waveguide layer 12 can transmit the second light ray with the second angle of view together, so as to adjust the transmission periods of the light rays with different angles of view respectively, so that the transmission periods of the light rays with different angles of view tend to approach each other, and therefore, the exit pupil density of the light rays with different angles of view when exiting from the optical device 100 approaches each other, so as to improve the uniformity of the light rays exiting from the optical device 100, when the light rays of a virtual scene are combined with the light rays of a real scene, a user can observe a better image, the performance of the smart glasses 1000 may be improved.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that terms such as "first", "second", and the like are used merely to distinguish one similar element from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any indication of the number of technical features indicated.

The waveguide assembly, the optical device and the smart glasses provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail above. The principles and implementations of the present application are described herein using specific examples, which are presented only to aid in understanding the present application. Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims (14)

1. A waveguide assembly, comprising:

a first waveguide layer; and

a second waveguide layer which is provided in a stacked manner with the first waveguide layer and has a refractive index different from that of the first waveguide layer;

when light is incident to the waveguide assembly, the first waveguide layer can separately transmit first light with a first field angle, the first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer can jointly transmit second light with a second field angle, and the first field angle is different from the second field angle.

2. The waveguide assembly of claim 1, wherein a lateral propagation period of the first light ray in the first waveguide layer is the same as a lateral propagation period of the second light ray in the first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer.

3. The waveguide assembly of claim 2, wherein the first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer satisfy the following relationship:

wherein h is₁Is the thickness of the first waveguide layer, h₂Is the thickness of said second waveguide layer, n₁Is the refractive index of said first waveguide layer, n₂Is the refractive index of said second waveguide layer, θ₁Is the diffraction angle, theta, of the first light ray₂Is the diffraction angle of the second light ray.

4. The waveguide assembly of claim 3, wherein the first waveguide layer and the second waveguide layer each have a thickness of between 0.05 mm and 3 mm.

5. A waveguide assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the refractive index of the first waveguide layer is greater than the refractive index of the second waveguide layer.

6. The waveguide assembly of claim 5, wherein the first waveguide layer has an index of refraction between 1.6 and 2.5 and the second waveguide layer has an index of refraction between 1.3 and 2.

7. A waveguide assembly according to claim 5, wherein a first adhesive layer is provided between the second waveguide layer and the first waveguide layer, the first adhesive layer having the same refractive index as the second waveguide layer.

8. The waveguide assembly of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:

the M waveguide layers are sequentially stacked from one side of the second waveguide layer, which is far away from the first waveguide layer, and the first waveguide layer to the P waveguide layer can jointly transmit the P-th light ray with the P-th field angle in the light rays;

the refractive index of the P-th waveguide layer is smaller than that of the P-1-th waveguide layer and larger than that of the P + 1-th waveguide layer, M, P are positive integers, and P is larger than or equal to 2 and smaller than or equal to M + 1.

9. The waveguide assembly of claim 8, wherein the lateral transmission period of the first light ray, the lateral transmission period of the second light ray, and the lateral transmission period of the pth light ray are all the same.

10. The waveguide assembly of claim 8, wherein a P-th bonding layer is disposed between the P-th waveguide layer and the P + 1-th waveguide layer, the P-th bonding layer having a refractive index that is the same as the refractive index of the P + 1-th waveguide layer.

11. The waveguide assembly of claim 8 wherein each of the M waveguide layers has a thickness of between 0.05 mm and 3 mm and a refractive index of between 1.3 and 2.5.

12. An optical device, comprising:

a waveguide assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 11;

the coupling-in element is arranged on one side, away from the second waveguide layer, of the first waveguide layer; and

the coupling-out element is arranged on one side, away from the second waveguide layer, of the first waveguide layer, and the coupling-in element and the coupling-out element are arranged at intervals;

when light is incident to the coupling-in element, the light is coupled into the waveguide assembly through the coupling-in element, and the first light and the second light are both coupled out through the coupling-out element.

13. A smart eyewear, comprising:

a frame;

one or more optical devices mounted on the frame, the optical device of claim 12.

14. The smart eyewear of claim 13, wherein:

when the number of the optical devices is plural, the plural optical devices are sequentially stacked.

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