CN215233213U

CN215233213U - Device for treating organic waste gas based on low-temperature plasma

Info

Publication number: CN215233213U
Application number: CN202120823105.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘泽建
Original assignee: Sichuan Kuiqing Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Kuiqing Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-21
Filing date: 2021-04-21
Publication date: 2021-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-21

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment equipment, and discloses a device for treating organic waste gas based on low-temperature plasma, which comprises: the waste gas concentration mechanism adsorbs and gathers organic waste gas by utilizing a porous material and desorbs the adsorbed waste gas through hot air; and the waste gas purification mechanism is connected with the output end of the waste gas concentration mechanism and converts gas molecules in the waste gas into plasma through dielectric barrier discharge. This application sets up the concentrated mechanism of waste gas at waste gas purification mechanism front end, purifies organic waste gas with the technique of adsorbing concentration-plasma cooperation for this application is applicable to the different condition of various exhaust gas discharge concentration, improves organic waste gas's treatment effeciency and reduces the energy consumption when handling.

Description

Device for treating organic waste gas based on low-temperature plasma

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of waste gas treatment equipment, in particular to a device for treating organic waste gas based on low-temperature plasma.

Background

With the development of social productivity, even if the scale of industrial production is larger and larger, the technology is mature, and the problems of emission and pollution of organic waste gas are still difficult to avoid today. The organic waste gas contains various volatile organic compounds, mainly hydrocarbons, halogenated compounds, alcohols, olefins and the like, and most of the volatile organic compounds exist in the atmosphere in a regular form at room temperature, and the main sources of the volatile organic compounds comprise automobile tail gas, industrial waste gas and the like. The main hazards of organic waste gases are for example: has toxicity, foul smell and carcinogenicity, and is harmful to human health and ecological environment; the organic waste gas with a certain concentration can absorb solar energy to generate photochemical smog; causing greenhouse effect, etc. The main means for controlling the organic waste gas is root improvement and tail end treatment, wherein the former is to reduce the pollutants generated in the production process by improving and replacing the production process, but the improvement effect of the method is limited, and the method cannot solve the problems of certain inevitable industrial production which can generate the organic waste gas, and the latter is to take a control measure for the generated organic waste gas and also a main measure for treating the organic waste gas.

The traditional waste gas treatment methods comprise a recovery method and a elimination method, wherein the former is a physical method for collecting and recovering waste gas by physical means such as absorption, separation, adsorption and selective permeation, and the latter is a method for destroying the internal structure of organic waste gas molecules at high temperature or decomposing the macromolecules of the organic waste gas by biochemical reaction. The method for treating waste gas by using plasma technology has been widely used in recent years due to its advantages of high efficiency and low energy consumption.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problems of secondary pollution, incomplete treatment or high treatment cost and the like existing in the conventional waste gas treatment method, the application provides the low-temperature plasma treatment VOCs waste gas which combines a physical method and a chemical method, has low requirement on the concentration of the waste gas and can efficiently and thoroughly treat the waste gas.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

an apparatus for treating an organic exhaust gas based on low temperature plasma, comprising: the waste gas concentration mechanism adsorbs and gathers organic waste gas by utilizing a porous material and desorbs the adsorbed waste gas through hot air; and the waste gas purification mechanism is connected with the output end of the waste gas concentration mechanism and converts gas molecules in the waste gas into plasma through dielectric barrier discharge.

The scheme utilizes a plasma technology to purify organic waste gas, the plasma is called as a fourth state of a substance except solid, liquid and gas, and consists of a large number of charged ions such as electrons and ions, neutral particles such as atoms, excited molecules and photons, and although the charged ions are arranged in the plasma, the overall charge quantity is zero, and positive and negative charges are equal. The method for treating the waste gas by using the low-temperature plasma technology is a method with higher treatment efficiency and lower energy consumption at present. The plasma purification mechanism comprises two aspects, on one hand, in the process of generating plasma, the chemical energy of certain gas molecules, such as molecular chain structures of toluene and xylene, can be opened by the instant high energy generated by high-frequency discharge, so that the molecular chain of the organic or inorganic high-molecular malodorous compound is decomposed into elementary substance atoms or harmless molecules; on the other hand, the plasma contains a large number of high-energy electrons, positive and negative ions, excited particles and free radicals with strong oxidizing property, the active particles and part of exhaust gas molecules are combined in a collision way, the exhaust gas molecules are in an excited state under the action of an electric field, and when the energy acquired by the exhaust gas molecules is greater than the binding energy of the molecular bond energy of the exhaust gas molecules, the molecular bond of the exhaust gas molecules is broken and directly decomposed into simple substance atoms or harmless gas molecules consisting of single atoms.

The plasma is classified into three types, namely high-temperature plasma, thermal plasma and cold plasma according to the system temperature, and the latter two types, which can be used for treating organic waste gas, are collectively called low-temperature plasma. In the scheme, the cold plasma is generated by utilizing dielectric barrier discharge, the dielectric barrier discharge is also called dielectric barrier corona discharge, and is non-equilibrium gas discharge caused by inserting an insulating medium into a discharge space. In addition, the dielectric barrier discharge method can take measures to protect the surface of the electrode, avoid the direct contact of the electrode and waste gas and is beneficial to avoiding the over-quick damage of the electrode.

In addition, set up the exhaust gas concentration mechanism at the front end of exhaust gas purification mechanism in this scheme, can overcome the exhaust gas of exhaust gas discharge end and discharge inhomogeneous or exhaust gas concentration and exhaust gas purification mechanism's treatment effeciency mismatch scheduling problem, it is specific, exhaust gas is at first through the concentrated adsorption of exhaust gas mechanism with the volatile organic compounds gathering wherein, play concentrated organic waste gas's effect simultaneously equivalently, when handling waste gas again, input hot-blast according to certain speed, release the exhaust gas in the adsorption equipment according to certain concentration, make it concentrate by exhaust gas purification mechanism purification.

Further, exhaust gas purification mechanism includes that both ends set up the exhaust duct of air inlet and gas vent respectively, be equipped with a plurality of insulating tubes in the exhaust duct, the unsettled low voltage electrode who connects power negative pole and ground connection simultaneously that is equipped with of center department in the insulating tube, still be equipped with the anodal high voltage electrode of connection power in the exhaust duct.

The scheme further limits the specific structure of the exhaust gas purification mechanism. The waste gas passes through the waste gas pipeline, alternating voltage is applied between a high-voltage electrode in the pipeline and a low-voltage electrode in the insulating pipe, and the gas between the two electrodes is broken down by the high voltage so as to discharge. It is worth to say that the dielectric barrier discharge has several structural arrangements, in which one or two electrodes are covered by one or two insulating dielectrics, or a dielectric is placed between two electrodes without contacting the electrodes. The scheme adopts the suspension of the medium between the two electrodes, and the gap between the medium and the electrodes can be provided with a surface protector or a filler to protect the surface of the electrodes, so as to avoid being corroded by organic waste gas.

Further, the distances between the high-voltage electrode and each low-voltage electrode are equal.

Further, the insulating tubes are filled with catalyst around the low-voltage electrodes. The catalyst has a synergistic effect and synergistically accelerates the exhaust gas treatment efficiency.

Further, the catalyst is one or more of Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni and oxides thereof.

Furthermore, the insulating tube, the low-voltage electrode and the high-voltage electrode are fixed in the waste gas pipeline in a hanging mode through the insulating mounting frame.

The beneficial effect of this application is:

(1) this application sets up the concentrated mechanism of waste gas at waste gas purification mechanism front end, purifies organic waste gas with the technique of adsorbing concentration-plasma cooperation for this application is applicable to the different condition of various exhaust gas discharge concentration, improves organic waste gas's treatment effeciency and reduces the energy consumption when handling.

(2) The low-temperature plasma technology can purify various volatile organic compounds, and has high compatibility with organic compounds in waste gas, so that the application has high use compatibility.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an external appearance of an exhaust gas purification mechanism in the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the exhaust duct of the present application after the structure of a hidden portion of the exhaust duct;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dielectric barrier discharge mechanism of the present application in cooperation with the mounting frame;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the dielectric barrier discharge mechanism and the mounting frame in the application

In the figure: 1-a waste gas concentration mechanism; 2-a waste gas purification mechanism; 3-an air inlet; 4-an exhaust gas conduit; 5-an exhaust port; 6-an insulating tube; 7-a mounting frame; 8-a low voltage electrode; 9-high voltage electrode.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the application is used, the description is only for convenience and simplicity, and the indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description herein are only used for distinguishing between similar elements and are not intended to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like when used in the description of the present application do not require that the components be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example 1:

an apparatus for treating organic exhaust gas based on low temperature plasma as shown in fig. 1-2, comprising: a waste gas concentration mechanism 1 for adsorbing and gathering organic waste gas by using porous material and desorbing the adsorbed waste gas by hot air; and the waste gas purification mechanism 2 is connected with the output end of the waste gas concentration mechanism 1 and converts gas molecules in the waste gas into plasma through dielectric barrier discharge.

The working principle is as follows:

the waste gas is firstly collected by the adsorption mechanism, the volatile organic compounds in the waste gas are gathered in the adsorption mechanism, which is equivalent to the effect of concentrating the organic waste gas, and then when the waste gas is treated, the waste gas in the adsorption mechanism is released by the desorption mechanism according to a certain speed and concentration, so that the waste gas is intensively and uniformly purified by the waste gas purification mechanism 2. The purification principle of the exhaust gas purification mechanism 2 is to use low-temperature plasma generated by dielectric barrier discharge to break molecular bonds of volatile organic compounds and convert the molecular bonds into harmless gas molecules.

It should be noted that the exhaust gas concentration mechanism 1 in the present application is a mechanism for temporarily adsorbing and storing organic exhaust gas, and has an effect of temporarily storing and concentrating the organic exhaust gas when the emission concentration of the organic exhaust gas is low or the emission is irregular, so as to facilitate the uniform output of the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas purification mechanism 2 in the later period. According to the existing organic waste gas adsorption mechanism, active carbon or zeolite and other materials with loose and porous microstructures are mainly adopted to adsorb volatile organic compounds, and meanwhile, the adsorption mechanism also has the function of concentration. The desorption mechanism converts the adsorbed organic substances into gaseous state again by heating and ventilation and enters the exhaust gas purification mechanism 2.

Example 2:

in this embodiment, further optimization and limitation are performed on the basis of embodiment 1.

As shown in fig. 3-6, the exhaust purification mechanism 2 includes an exhaust pipeline 4 having an air inlet 3 and an air outlet 5 at two ends thereof, a plurality of insulating pipes 6 are disposed in the exhaust pipeline 4, a low voltage electrode 8 which is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply and grounded is suspended in the center of the insulating pipe 6, and a high voltage electrode 9 which is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply is disposed in the exhaust pipeline 4.

The working principle is as follows:

the high-voltage electrode 9 and the low-voltage electrode 8 are respectively positioned at the inner side and the outer side of the insulating tube 6, and a gap is formed between the high-voltage electrode and the surface of the insulating tube 6 and between the high-voltage electrode and the surface of the insulating tube. When the device is used, the air inlet 3 is connected with the output end of the waste gas concentration mechanism 2, waste gas output from the waste gas concentration mechanism 2 passes through the waste gas pipeline 4, alternating voltage is applied between the high-voltage electrode 9 in the pipeline and the low-voltage electrode 8 in the insulating pipe 6, and gas between the two electrodes is broken down by the high voltage, so that discharge is realized. The circular tube structure of the insulating tube 6 and the waste gas pipeline 4 can increase the contact area of gas passing through a discharge area, and improve the waste gas purification efficiency.

Preferably, the distances between the high-voltage electrode 9 and each low-voltage electrode 8 are equal, so that the discharge is more uniform, the entered gas fully reacts, and the problem that the discharge does not reach the standard after waste gas treatment is avoided.

Example 3:

in this embodiment, further optimization and limitation are performed on the basis of embodiment 2.

And the insulating tubes 6 are filled with catalyst around the low-voltage electrode 8. The catalyst is one or more of Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni and oxides thereof. In the embodiment, the plasma technology and the catalyst are used in a synergistic effect, so that the sufficiency of waste gas treatment can be improved, secondary pollution is reduced, the surface of the electrode is shielded and protected by the catalyst, and corrosion or aging of the electrode material caused by long-term basis of the electrode and waste gas is avoided.

It should be noted that the filling method of the catalyst includes directly filling the powdered catalyst in the insulating tube 6, or additionally providing a member for placing the catalyst in the insulating tube 6.

Example 4:

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the insulating tube 6, the low voltage electrode 8 and the high voltage electrode 9 are suspended and fixed in the exhaust gas duct 4 through an insulating mounting bracket 7. In order to install low voltage electrode 8 in the insulating tube 6 in the air, keep the clearance between high voltage electrode 9 and the insulating tube 6 outer wall simultaneously, in addition, insulating tube 6, low voltage electrode 8 and high voltage electrode 9 three are all installed in the exhaust gas duct 4 in the air, as shown in fig. 5, set up mounting bracket 7 in this embodiment and fix insulating tube 6, low voltage electrode 8 and high voltage electrode 9 in exhaust gas duct 4, mounting bracket 7 is made by insulating material, the outer lane is connected with exhaust gas duct 4, inside sets up and insulating tube 6, the solid fixed ring that low voltage electrode 8 and high voltage electrode 9 are connected and forms the truss of integral type structure with solid fixed ring and outer lane connection.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device based on low temperature plasma handles organic waste gas which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

a waste gas concentration mechanism (1) which adsorbs and gathers organic waste gas by using a porous material and desorbs the adsorbed waste gas by hot air;

and the waste gas purification mechanism (2) is connected with the output end of the waste gas concentration mechanism (1) and converts gas molecules in the waste gas into plasma through dielectric barrier discharge.

2. The device for treating the organic waste gas based on the low-temperature plasma according to claim 1, wherein: waste gas purification mechanism (2) include that both ends set up exhaust duct (4) of air inlet (3) and gas vent (5) respectively, be equipped with a plurality of insulating tubes (6) in exhaust duct (4), center department is unsettled to be equipped with low-voltage electrode (8) of connecting power negative pole and ground connection simultaneously in insulating tube (6), still be equipped with anodal high-voltage electrode (9) of connecting power in exhaust duct (4).

3. The device for treating the organic waste gas based on the low-temperature plasma as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the distances between the high-voltage electrode (9) and each low-voltage electrode (8) are equal.

4. The apparatus for treating organic waste gas based on low-temperature plasma according to claim 3, wherein: the insulating tubes (6) are filled with catalyst around the low-voltage electrode (8).

5. The apparatus for treating organic waste gas based on low-temperature plasma according to claim 4, wherein: the catalyst is one or more of Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni and oxides thereof.

6. The apparatus for treating organic waste gas based on low-temperature plasma according to claim 3, wherein: the insulating tube (6), the low-voltage electrode (8) and the high-voltage electrode (9) are fixed in the waste gas pipeline (4) in a suspended mode through the insulating mounting frame (7).