CN215221745U - 基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统 - Google Patents

基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统 Download PDF

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CN215221745U
CN215221745U CN202120544333.6U CN202120544333U CN215221745U CN 215221745 U CN215221745 U CN 215221745U CN 202120544333 U CN202120544333 U CN 202120544333U CN 215221745 U CN215221745 U CN 215221745U
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energy storage
photovoltaic
storage battery
module
distributed photovoltaic
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刘尧
戴申华
王琨玥
赵耀
金绍龙
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Datang Laian New Energy Co ltd
Datang Boiler Pressure Vessel Examination Center Co Ltd
East China Electric Power Test Institute of China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Datang Laian New Energy Co ltd
Datang Boiler Pressure Vessel Examination Center Co Ltd
East China Electric Power Test Institute of China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统，涉及光伏发电技术领域，包括光伏发电系统、储能系统、电网；所述光伏发电系统包括光伏组件、光伏逆变器，所述光伏组件连接所述光伏逆变器，所述光伏逆变器连接所述电网；所述储能系统包括储能电池模块、采集控制器，所述储能电池模块、采集控制器分别连接电网，所述采集控制器与所述储能电池模块通信连接。本实用新型的优点在于：提高了光伏发电的自发自用率，改善了分布式光伏并网造成的电能质量问题。

Description

基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统
技术领域
本实用新型涉及光伏发电技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统。
背景技术
分布式光伏发电是利用太阳能发电系统进行电能生产的一种技术，它的发电系统可以有效利用分散资源，并且整体装机规模非常小，通常会配置在用电户周围区域，其供电电压为35kV以下，会接入相应等级的电网，目前城市建筑物屋顶光伏发电项目的建设较为普遍，这也是当前应用最广的一种分布式光伏系统。通常这一供电系统会接入公共电网中，两者形成互补共同为附近用电户提供稳定电能。
近几年，分布式光伏发展迅猛，问题也随之呈现，例如，分布式光伏发电在接入电网的时候，会降低系统功率因数，影响电能质量，若要光伏自身进行无功补偿，则会影响其有功出力，影响经济性；同时随着光伏无补贴政策的出台，新建分布式光伏项目余电选择上网已不具经济性，应尽量保证光伏发电的就地消纳，如何提高自发自用率是分布式光伏发展的关键。
实用新型内容
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种能够提高光伏发电的自发自用率并且改善分布式光伏并网造成的电能质量问题的基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统。
本实用新型是通过以下技术手段实现解决上述技术问题的：基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统，包括光伏发电系统、储能系统、电网；所述光伏发电系统包括光伏组件、光伏逆变器，所述光伏组件连接所述光伏逆变器，所述光伏逆变器连接所述电网；所述储能系统包括储能电池模块、采集控制器，所述储能电池模块、采集控制器分别连接电网，所述采集控制器与所述储能电池模块通信连接。
储能电池模块作为能量存储的载体，既可实现能量搬移，也可实现功率补偿，采集控制器与储能电池模块通信连接，可实现储能系统的控制、通信和传输，实现储能系统本地和远程智慧化管理。在电网失电或故障时，储能电池模块可自动切换工作模式，作为不间断电源供给重要负荷。在“自发自用，余电上网”模式下，保证分布式光伏余电的就地消纳，提高了自发自用率。储能系统在并网运行时具备快速无功调节能力，改善分布式光伏并网造成的电能质量问题。
作为优化的技术方案，所述光伏组件采用单晶硅太阳能电池。效率较高。
作为优化的技术方案，所述光伏逆变器采用组串式逆变器。适用于小型电力系统。
作为优化的技术方案，若干储能电池串联组成所述储能电池模块，所述储能电池为即插即用便携式电源，所述采集控制器分别与各储能电池通信连接。储能电池即插即用，可作为便携式移动电源供不同电压需求的移动式负荷设备和装置使用。
作为优化的技术方案，所述储能电池采用锂离子电池。锂离子电池具有电压高、能量密度高、输出功率高、能量效率高、电池使用寿命长、自放电低、环保无污染等优势。
作为优化的技术方案，所述储能电池配置WiFi模块。可为网络信号较差区域提供无线网络。
作为优化的技术方案，所述采集控制器与所述储能电池模块通过PLC通信连接。PLC通信利用现有电网的电力线作为传输通道，以载波的方式进行数据通信，实现了供电与信息通信的二合一，施工周期短，成本低廉，通信可靠性高。
本实用新型的优点在于：
1、在电网失电或故障时，储能电池可自动切换工作模式，作为不间断电源供给重要负荷。
2、在“自发自用，余电上网”模式下，保证分布式光伏余电的就地消纳，提供自发自用率。
3、储能系统在并网运行时具备快速无功调节能力，改善分布式光伏并网造成的电能质量问题。
4、储能电池即插即用，可作为便携式移动电源供不同电压需求的移动式负荷设备和装置使用。
5、储能电池配置WiFi模块，可为网络信号较差区域提供无线网络。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统的架构图。
图2是本实用新型基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统的控制流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本实用新型实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本实用新型实施例，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
如图1所示，基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统，包括光伏发电系统、储能系统、电网；所述光伏发电系统包括光伏组件、光伏逆变器，所述光伏组件连接所述光伏逆变器，所述光伏逆变器连接所述电网；所述储能系统包括储能电池模块、采集控制器，所述储能电池模块、采集控制器分别连接电网；若干储能电池串联组成所述储能电池模块，所述储能电池为即插即用便携式电源，所述采集控制器配置通信模块，各储能电池均装有调制解调模块，所述采集控制器分别与各储能电池通过PLC(电力线载波)通信连接。
光伏组件是光伏发电系统的主要发电来源，由于目前光伏组件的成本已持续降低，所述光伏组件采用单晶硅太阳能电池，效率较高。
光伏逆变器是实现交直流能量转换的核心部分，所述光伏逆变器采用组串式逆变器，适用于小型电力系统。
所述储能电池采用锂离子电池，锂离子电池储能技术是一种大规模高效电化学储能新技术，相比于其他电池储能技术，锂离子电池具有电压高、能量密度高、输出功率高、能量效率高、电池使用寿命长、自放电低、环保无污染等优势。所述储能电池配置WiFi模块，可为网络信号较差区域提供无线网络。
所述储能电池模块采用模块化设计，便于系统扩容，其功能包括：
(1)即插即用：单个储能电池可即插即用于储能电池模块，提高了储能系统的灵活度和可靠性，任何单个储能电池的故障检修都不会影响其他储能电池的正常运行。
(2)集成电池管理及双向变流基本功能，无需再配置储能变流器，可监测储能电池可充放电的实时容量、充电状态等受控信息，通过PLC通信接收协调控制单元指令，根据功率指令的符号及大小对储能电池进行充电或放电，把电网电能存入储能电池或将储能电池能量回馈到电网，实现储能系统与电网的柔性连接。
(3)单个储能电池可输出110V直流、220V交直流、380V交直流电，可自由手动切换模式。
(4)已充满电的储能电池可拆卸作为便携式移动电源供不同电压需求的移动式负荷设备和装置使用。
(5)储能电池配置WiFi模块，可为网络信号较差区域提供无线网络。
(6)可通过手机APP查看储能电池的实时状态参数信息。
(7)具有数字显示界面，显示储能系统的荷电状态、报警和保护信息等。
(8)可手动操作储能电池接入/推出运行。
(9)模拟量测量功能：可将储能电池的电压、充放电电流、温度等参数通过网络上送，在手机APP上查询。
(10)运行报警功能：储能电池出现过压、欠压、过流、高温、漏电、通信异常等状态时，可上报报警信息，在电池显示界面和手机APP上查看。
采集控制器对储能电池进行管理，使其更有效、安全、稳定的工作，并且基于分布式光伏提供及时的需求和响应。管理方法是配置通信模块，监测储能电池的状态，并及时进行控制和调度。目前最常见的通信方法是RF(射频电流)通信、RS485、PLC通信；RF通信方案不用布线，可以节省通信电缆以及线路敷设施工的投入，但往往其成本偏高，且对环境要求有些苛刻，受电池板阻隔以及电磁波干扰情况较明显；RS485具有通信稳定、抗干扰度高等特点，但在前期施工与后期运行维护过程中带来很大的成本投入和潜在风险；相对来说，PLC通信利用现有电网的电力线作为传输通道，以载波的方式进行数据通信，实现了供电与信息通信的二合一，不需要重新铺设新的线路，避免了需要在住宅内进行错综复杂布线的缺点，施工周期短，无需考虑线路投资，成本低廉，可以满足用户对楼宇智能化系统高度集成水平、高效以及节能日益增长的需求，且相对于RF通信可靠性更高。基于先进的PLC技术，采集控制器可实现储能系统的控制、通信和传输业务，实现储能系统本地和远程智慧化管理。
如图2所示，基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统的控制流程为：
步骤A，采集控制器监测PCC节点状态信息，判断节点电流是否流向电网，若是则进入步骤B，若否则结束；
步骤B，判断储能电池是否在充电模式，若是则储能电池充电后回到步骤A，若否则进入步骤C；
步骤C，判断储能电池的充电状态(SOC)是否为1，若是则结束，若否则采集控制器通过PLC向储能电池下发充电指令，然后储能电池充电后回到步骤A。
以上实施例仅用以说明本实用新型的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本实用新型进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本实用新型各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统，其特征在于：包括光伏发电系统、储能系统、电网；所述光伏发电系统包括光伏组件、光伏逆变器，所述光伏组件连接所述光伏逆变器，所述光伏逆变器连接所述电网；所述储能系统包括储能电池模块、采集控制器，所述储能电池模块、采集控制器分别连接电网，所述采集控制器与所述储能电池模块通信连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统，其特征在于：所述光伏组件采用单晶硅太阳能电池。
3.如权利要求1所述的基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统，其特征在于：所述光伏逆变器采用组串式逆变器。
4.如权利要求1所述的基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统，其特征在于：若干储能电池串联组成所述储能电池模块，所述储能电池为即插即用便携式电源，所述采集控制器分别与各储能电池通信连接。
5.如权利要求4所述的基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统，其特征在于：所述储能电池采用锂离子电池。
6.如权利要求4所述的基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统，其特征在于：所述储能电池配置WiFi模块。
7.如权利要求1所述的基于分布式光伏的储能电池系统，其特征在于：所述采集控制器与所述储能电池模块通过PLC通信连接。
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