CN215216318U - Direct-fired pulverizing system capable of controlling smoke exhaust temperature - Google Patents

Direct-fired pulverizing system capable of controlling smoke exhaust temperature Download PDF

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CN215216318U
CN215216318U CN202120755284.0U CN202120755284U CN215216318U CN 215216318 U CN215216318 U CN 215216318U CN 202120755284 U CN202120755284 U CN 202120755284U CN 215216318 U CN215216318 U CN 215216318U
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primary air
coal mill
hot
outlet
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霍沛强
樊晓茹
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China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of boiler combustion, and discloses a direct-blowing powder preparation system with controllable smoke discharge temperature, which comprises a first fan, a coal mill, a boiler and an air preheater, wherein the air blown out by the first fan is divided into two paths, one path of the air passes through the air preheater and becomes hot primary air, the other path of the air serves as cold primary air, and the cold primary air and the hot primary air are mixed and then enter the coal mill; the system also comprises a controller, and a cold primary air automatic regulating valve, a coal mill outlet temperature sensor, a smoke exhaust temperature sensor, a mixed air flow sensor and a hot primary air automatic regulating valve which are electrically connected with the controller; according to the outlet temperature and the exhaust gas temperature of the coal mill, the opening degrees of the cold primary air automatic regulating valve and the hot primary air automatic regulating valve are regulated through the controller, so that the outlet temperature and the exhaust gas temperature of the coal mill are regulated, and the problems that the thermal efficiency of a boiler is reduced in summer, the output of an induced draft fan is short, and an air preheater is easy to corrode in winter are avoided.

Description

Direct-fired pulverizing system capable of controlling smoke exhaust temperature
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a boiler combustion technology field especially relates to a direct-fired powder process system of controllable exhaust gas temperature.
Background
The coal pulverizing system is an important matching system of the pulverized coal boiler, and the large pulverized coal boiler mostly adopts a direct-fired coal pulverizing system. In order to prevent the coal pulverizing system from spontaneous combustion caused by overhigh temperature at the outlet of the coal mill, the temperature at the outlet of the coal mill needs to be controlled according to a preset numerical value, and the control target value of the temperature at the outlet of the coal mill is only related to the coal type.
For example, 5.3.6 items of design and calculation technology regulations of coal pulverizing systems of thermal power plants (DL/T5145-. 5.2.5 items of design technical regulations of thermal control systems of thermal power plants (DL/T5175-2003) only propose to set coal mill outlet temperature control, and how to control is not described.
The existing direct-blowing pulverizing system comprises a coal mill and a first fan, wherein one path of air generated by the first fan enters an air inlet of the coal mill as cold primary air, the other path of air enters a primary air inlet of an air preheater 4 and then is discharged from a primary air outlet of the air preheater as hot primary air, the cold primary air and the hot primary air are mixed and then blown to the coal mill as mixed air, when the coal feeding amount and the type of coal of the coal mill are determined, the total air inlet amount of the coal mill is kept unchanged, the mixed air and pulverized coal are blown to a boiler at the outlet of the coal mill, an induced draft fan is arranged at the smoke outlet of the air preheater, smoke enters a smoke inlet of the air preheater under the action of the induced draft fan, the smoke cooled by the air preheater is discharged from the smoke outlet of the air preheater, wherein a coal mill outlet temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the coal mill, and a cold air door is arranged on a cold primary air pipe, send temperature feedback signal by the temperature sensor in coal pulverizer exit, the difference of cold air door contrast temperature feedback signal and target value, the cold air door is opened greatly when the temperature is on the high side to reduce coal pulverizer exit temperature, when the temperature is on the low side, the cold air door is transferred and is diminished, thereby risees coal pulverizer exit temperature. The operating requirement of the outlet temperature of the coal mill is met.
However, the existing direct-fired pulverizing system does not consider the working condition of the air preheater, and cannot control the exhaust gas temperature after the air preheater according to the ambient temperature or other external conditions (such as coal quality change). In summer, because the environment temperature is high or the coal quality is deteriorated, the proportion of the heat absorbed by the air after entering the air preheater is reduced, so that the exhaust gas temperature is high, the exhaust gas temperature can cause heat waste, the heat efficiency of the boiler is reduced, the volume of the exhaust gas can also be expanded, the volume of the expanded exhaust gas is increased, and in order to maintain the negative pressure in the flue, a draught fan needs to output more force, so that the stress of the draught fan can be caused; in winter, because ambient temperature is low, the air temperature that gets into in the air heater is low, therefore the air heater absorbs the flue gas heat many, and it is low to appear exhaust gas temperature, and when exhaust gas temperature was less than the acid dew point in the flue gas, the acid gas in the flue gas can condense like sulfur trioxide etc. and the acid liquid after condensing can absorb the solid particle in the flue gas and deposit on the air heater, and then leads to the stifled ash of air heater and acid liquid can produce the corruption to the air heater.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: the existing direct-fired pulverizing system can only control the outlet temperature of a coal mill but cannot control the rear smoke outlet temperature of an air preheater, so that the output of a draught fan is short in summer, and the air preheater is blocked and corroded in winter.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a controllable exhaust gas temperature's formula powder process system that blows directly, including first fan, coal pulverizer, boiler and air heater, the air outlet of first fan is connected with cold air pipe and the first air pipe anterior segment of heat, the first air pipe anterior segment of heat is connected to air heater's first wind storehouse entry, air heater's first wind storehouse exit linkage has the first air pipe back end of heat, cold air pipe with the first air pipe back end of heat all is connected to the air intake of coal pulverizer, the export of coal pulverizer with the boiler is connected, air heater sets up in the flue of boiler, still include the controller and all with cold primary air automatic regulating valve, coal pulverizer export temperature sensor, exhaust gas temperature sensor, the mixed wind flow sensor that the controller electricity is connected, The hot primary air automatic regulating valve;
the cold primary air automatic regulating valve is positioned in the cold primary air pipe;
the coal mill outlet temperature sensor is positioned at an outlet of the coal mill;
the exhaust gas temperature sensor is positioned at a flue gas outlet of the air preheater;
the hot primary air automatic regulating valve is positioned in the rear section of the hot primary air pipe;
the mixed air flow sensor is arranged at an air inlet of the coal mill.
As a preferred scheme, a mixed air pipe is connected to an air inlet of the coal mill, and the rear section of the hot primary air pipe and the cold primary air pipe are both connected with the air inlet of the mixed air pipe;
the mixed air flow sensor is arranged on the mixed air pipe.
Preferably, an economizer for increasing the feed water temperature of the boiler and reducing the smoke temperature is arranged in a flue of the boiler, and the air preheater is arranged behind the economizer.
Preferably, the system further comprises a second fan, an air outlet of the second fan is connected with a second air bin inlet of the air preheater, and a second air bin outlet of the air preheater is connected with an air inlet of the boiler.
And as a preferable scheme, the system further comprises an induced draft fan, and the induced draft fan is connected with the smoke outlet of the air preheater.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a controllable exhaust gas temperature's direct-fired formula powder process system compares with prior art, and its beneficial effect lies in: the direct-fired pulverizing system capable of controlling the exhaust gas temperature comprises a first fan, a coal mill, a boiler, an air preheater, a controller, and a hot primary air automatic regulating valve, a cold primary air automatic regulating valve, a coal mill outlet temperature sensor, an exhaust gas temperature sensor and a mixed air flow sensor which are electrically connected with the controller; after being pressurized by a first fan, one path of air enters a cold primary air pipe in front of a coal mill, the other path of air enters an air preheater and is heated to become hot primary air, the hot primary air and the cold primary air are mixed and then enter the coal mill, and under the condition that the type of fire coal is unchanged, the air volume of mixed air entering the coal mill is unchanged; when the air intake of the mixed air changes, the opening of the hot primary air automatic regulating valve is regulated by the controller according to the data of the mixed air flow sensor, so that the air volume of the mixed air entering the coal mill is ensured to be unchanged; when the outlet temperature of the coal mill is too high, the opening degree of the cold primary air automatic regulating valve is regulated by the controller, so that the outlet temperature of the coal mill is ensured to be lower than a specified value; when the temperature of the exhaust smoke is higher, the opening degree of the cold primary air automatic regulating valve is reduced through the controller, so that the primary air quantity entering the air preheater is increased, and the temperature of the exhaust smoke is reduced; when the exhaust gas temperature is lower than the designated value, the opening degree of the cold primary air automatic regulating valve is regulated by the controller, so that the primary air quantity entering the air preheater is reduced, and the exhaust gas temperature is increased.
Therefore, the utility model discloses a direct-fired powder process system can change the hot primary air amount of wind through the air preheater through the proportion of the cold primary air of the exhaust gas temperature situation adjustment behind coal pulverizer exit temperature situation and the air heater and hot primary air to adjust the exhaust gas temperature behind coal pulverizer exit temperature and the air heater, consequently, boiler thermal efficiency when having avoided summer descends, the summer draught fan is exerted oneself nervous and air heater surface deposition in winter, easily receive the corruption.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a direct-fired pulverizing system with controllable exhaust gas temperature according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a coal mill; 2. a boiler; 3. a coal economizer; 4. an air preheater; 5. a second fan; 6. a first fan; 7. an induced draft fan; 8. a controller; 100. the cold primary air automatic regulating valve; 200. the hot primary air automatic regulating valve; 300. a coal mill outlet temperature sensor; 400. a flue gas temperature sensor; 500. a mixed air flow sensor; 610. a front section of the hot primary air duct; 611. cooling the primary air pipe; 612. a hot primary air duct rear section; 613. and (4) a mixed air pipe.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used herein to describe various information, but the information should not be limited to these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the direct-fired pulverizing system with controllable smoke discharging temperature according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a coal mill 1, a first fan 6, a boiler 2 and an air preheater 4; the air outlet of the first fan 6 is connected with a cold primary air pipe 611 and a hot primary air pipe front section 610, the hot primary air pipe front section 610 is connected to the first air bin inlet of the air preheater 4, the first air bin outlet of the air preheater 4 is connected with a hot primary air pipe rear section 612, the cold primary air pipe 611 and the hot primary air pipe rear section 612 are both connected to the air inlet of the coal mill 1, the coal mill 1 can adopt medium-speed coal mills, high-speed coal mills, double-inlet double-position steel ball coal mills and other coal mills with good load-variable operation characteristics, the air outlet of the coal mill 1 is connected with the boiler 2, and the air preheater 4 is arranged in the flue of the boiler 2; the system also comprises a controller 8, and a cold primary air automatic regulating valve 100, a coal mill outlet temperature sensor 300, a smoke exhaust temperature sensor 400, a mixed air flow sensor 500 and a hot primary air automatic regulating valve 200 which are electrically connected with the controller 8; the cold primary air automatic regulating valve 100 is positioned in the cold primary air pipe 611; the coal mill outlet temperature sensor 300 is positioned at an air outlet of the coal mill 1; the exhaust gas temperature sensor is positioned at the exhaust gas outlet of the air preheater 4; the primary hot air automatic regulating valve is positioned in the primary hot air pipe rear section 612 or in the primary hot air pipe front section 610, in the embodiment, the primary hot air regulating valve 200 is arranged in the primary hot air pipe rear section 612, and in other embodiments, the primary hot air regulating valve 200 can also be arranged in the primary hot air pipe front section 610; the mixed air flow sensor is arranged in front of an air inlet of the coal mill 1.
Wherein, after being pressurized by the first fan 6, one path of air enters the cold primary air pipe 611 in front of the coal mill, the other path of air enters the air preheater and is heated to become hot primary air, the hot primary air and the cold primary air are mixed and then enter the coal mill 1, and under the condition that the type of fire coal is not changed, the air volume of mixed air entering the coal mill 1 is not changed; according to the mixed air flow data sent by the mixed air flow sensor 500, sending an electric signal to the primary hot air automatic regulating valve 200 through the controller 8 so as to regulate the opening degree of the primary hot air automatic regulating valve 200; specifically, when the flow rate of the mixed air is larger, an electric signal is sent to the primary hot air automatic regulating valve 200 through the controller 8 so as to reduce the opening degree of the primary hot air automatic regulating valve 200; when the flow of the mixed air is small, an electric signal is sent to the hot primary air automatic regulating valve 200 through the controller 8 so as to increase the opening degree of the hot primary air automatic regulating valve 200, thereby ensuring that the flow of the mixed air entering the coal pulverizer 1 is unchanged.
In this embodiment, the outlet temperature of the coal mill can be adjusted as follows: when the outlet temperature of the coal mill is too high, the opening degree of the cold primary air automatic regulating valve 100 is regulated by the controller 8, so that the outlet temperature of the coal mill is ensured to be lower than a specified value; according to experience, in addition to the change from coal types, such as anthracite to bituminous coal, the allowable upper limit of the outlet temperature of the coal mill of the same type is close, and the lower operation limit is also higher than the water dew point temperature of the pulverizing system, so the outlet temperature of the coal mill is not accurately regulated and controlled in the embodiment, but the outlet temperature of the coal mill is controlled not to be higher than the maximum value.
The temperature and the flow rate of the air entering the air preheater 4 are main factors influencing the heat of the air preheater, so that when the exhaust gas temperature is controlled, the exhaust gas temperature can be adjusted in the following ways: when the temperature of the exhaust smoke is higher, the opening degree of the cold primary air automatic regulating valve 100 is reduced through the controller 8, so that the primary air quantity entering the air preheater 4 is increased, and the aim of reducing the temperature of the exhaust smoke is fulfilled; when the exhaust gas temperature is low, the opening degree of the cold primary air automatic regulating valve 100 is regulated by the controller 8, so that the primary air quantity entering the air preheater 4 is reduced, and the aim of raising the exhaust gas temperature is fulfilled; since the outlet temperature and the exhaust gas temperature of the coal mill are adjusted by the primary air automatic regulating valve 100 at the same time, there is a possibility that a command for increasing the opening degree of the primary air automatic regulating valve 100 to lower the outlet temperature of the coal mill conflicts with a command for decreasing the opening degree of the primary air automatic regulating valve 100 to lower the exhaust gas temperature, and at this time, the command for increasing the opening degree of the primary air automatic regulating valve 100 to lower the outlet temperature of the coal mill is preferentially executed, thereby avoiding spontaneous combustion of pulverized coal which may be caused by overhigh exhaust gas temperature at the outlet of the coal mill.
Therefore, the utility model discloses a direct-fired formula powder process system can change the flow through the hot air of air preheater through the air discharge temperature situation adjustment cold air and the ventilation volume of hot air behind coal pulverizer exit temperature situation and the air heater to adjust the exhaust gas temperature behind coal pulverizer exit temperature and the air heater, consequently, draught fan output is nervous when having avoided summer, boiler thermal efficiency reduces and air heater surface deposition in winter, easily receive the corruption.
The cold primary air automatic regulating valve 100 receives an electric signal output by the controller 8 and changes the flow of cold primary air by means of power operation, and specifically, the cold primary air automatic regulating valve 100 comprises a driving mechanism and an adjusting structure, and the driving mechanism drives the adjusting structure to change the sectional area between a valve core and a valve seat of the cold primary air automatic regulating valve 100 after receiving the electric signal sent by the controller 8; the primary hot air automatic regulating valve 200 comprises a driving mechanism and an adjusting structure, wherein the driving mechanism of the primary hot air automatic regulating valve 200 drives the adjusting structure of the primary hot air automatic regulating valve 200 to change the sectional area between the valve core and the valve seat of the primary hot air automatic regulating valve 200 after receiving an electric signal sent by the controller 8.
Specifically, the cold primary air automatic regulating valve 100 and the hot primary air automatic regulating valve 200 in this embodiment are both electric regulating valves, each electric regulating valve is formed by mechanically connecting, assembling, debugging and installing an electric actuator and a regulating valve after connecting and combining, and the electric regulating valves can drive valves to change sectional areas between valve cores and valve seats by receiving electric signals of controllers so as to control flow parameters of gas in pipelines.
In this embodiment, a primary air outlet of the air preheater 4 is connected to a hot primary air duct rear section 612, an air inlet of the coal pulverizer 1 is connected to a mixing air duct 613, the hot primary air duct 612 and the cold primary air duct 611 are both connected to an air inlet of the mixing air duct 613, and the mixing air flow sensor 500 is disposed on the mixing air duct 613. The mixed air flow sensor 500 can detect the intake of the mixed air entering the coal mill 1.
Specifically, the first fan 6 provides primary air for the coal mill 1, the air coming out of the first fan 6 is divided into two paths, one path of air passes through the air preheater 4 to serve as hot primary air, the hot primary air provides drying output and ventilation output for the coal mill, and pulverized coal ground by the coal mill is dried and then enters a boiler burner along with the pulverized coal; the other path of the air does not pass through the air preheater 4 and is used as cold primary air, the cold primary air and the hot primary air are mixed at the inlet of the coal mill 1, the effect of adjusting the outlet temperature of the coal mill 1 is achieved, and meanwhile, the air outlet of the coal mill 1 is also a part of the ventilation output of the coal mill 1.
In this embodiment, an economizer 3 for increasing the boiler feed water temperature and reducing the smoke temperature is provided in the flue of the boiler 2, and an air preheater 4 is provided behind the economizer 3. The economizer 3 heats boiler feed water by using the heat of the flue gas, is arranged at the tail of the flue, and can absorb the heat of the flue gas to reduce the temperature of the flue gas, improve the boiler efficiency and save fuel.
In this embodiment, the air conditioner further includes a second fan 5, an air outlet of the second fan 5 is connected to an inlet of a second air chamber of the air preheater 4, and an outlet of the second air chamber of the air preheater 4 is connected to an air inlet of the boiler 2.
Wherein, the smoke generated by the boiler 2 is extracted, and the negative pressure state is maintained in the boiler 2. In the embodiment of this application, still include draught fan 7, draught fan 7 is connected with air heater 4's outlet flue.
Specifically, the utility model discloses a working process does: the air coming out of the first fan 6 is divided into two paths, one path of air passes through the air preheater 4 to serve as hot primary air, the hot primary air provides drying output and ventilation output for the coal mill, the other path of air does not pass through the air preheater to serve as cold primary air, the cold primary air and the hot primary air are mixed at the inlet of the coal mill, the effect of adjusting the outlet temperature of the coal mill 1 is achieved, meanwhile, the air is also part of the ventilation output of the coal mill 1, the outlet of the coal mill 1 is connected with the inlet of the boiler 2, smoke formed in the boiler 2 enters a flue and firstly passes through the economizer 3, and then enters the smoke inlet of the air preheater 4. The temperature sensor at the outlet of the coal mill 1 detects the outlet temperature of the coal mill, the smoke exhaust temperature sensor detects the outlet temperature of smoke of the air preheater 4, the controller 8 can receive the data detected by the sensors, the valve opening degree of the cold primary air automatic regulating valve 100 and the hot primary air automatic regulating valve 200 is regulated by the controller 8, thereby regulating the ventilation volume of the cold primary air and the hot primary air, and realizing the regulation of the outlet temperature of the coal mill and the smoke exhaust temperature behind the air preheater, therefore, the reduction of the thermal efficiency of the boiler in summer is avoided, the induced draft fan in summer outputs stress and the surface deposition of the air preheater in winter, and the induced draft fan is easy to corrode.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and replacements can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and replacements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a controllable exhaust gas temperature's formula of blowing powder process system directly, includes first fan (6), coal pulverizer (1), boiler (2) and air heater (4), the air outlet of first fan (6) is connected with cold air pipe (611) and hot air pipe anterior segment (610) once, hot air pipe anterior segment (610) are connected to the first wind storehouse entry of air heater (4), the first wind storehouse exit linkage of air heater (4) has hot air pipe back end (612), cold air pipe (611) with hot air pipe back end (612) all are connected to the air intake of coal pulverizer (1), the export of coal pulverizer (1) with boiler (2) are connected, air heater (4) set up in the flue of boiler (2), its characterized in that, still include controller (8) and all with cold air automatically regulated valve (100) that controller (8) electricity is connected, A coal mill outlet temperature sensor (300), a smoke exhaust temperature sensor (400), a mixed air flow sensor (500) and a hot primary air automatic regulating valve (200);
the cold primary air automatic regulating valve (100) is positioned in the cold primary air pipe (611);
the coal mill outlet temperature sensor (300) is located at an outlet of the coal mill (1);
the exhaust gas temperature sensor (400) is positioned at the exhaust gas outlet of the air preheater (4);
the automatic hot primary air regulating valve (200) is positioned in the rear section (612) of the hot primary air pipe or in the front section (610) of the hot primary air pipe;
the mixed air flow sensor is arranged at an air inlet of the coal mill (1).
2. The direct-fired pulverizing system with controllable smoke discharge temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that a mixing air duct (613) is connected to the air inlet of the coal mill (1), and the hot primary air duct rear section (612) and the cold primary air duct (611) are both connected to the air inlet of the mixing air duct (613);
the mixed air flow sensor is arranged on the mixed air pipe (613).
3. The direct-fired pulverizing system with controllable smoke discharge temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that an economizer (3) for increasing the feed water temperature of the boiler and reducing the smoke discharge temperature is arranged in the flue of the boiler (2), and the air preheater (4) is arranged behind the economizer (3).
4. The direct-fired pulverizing system with controllable smoke discharge temperature according to claim 1, further comprising a second fan (5), wherein an air outlet of the second fan (5) is connected with an inlet of a second air bin of the air preheater (4), and an outlet of the second air bin of the air preheater (4) is connected with an air inlet of the boiler (2).
5. The direct-fired pulverizing system of controllable smoke discharge temperature according to claim 1, further comprising an induced draft fan (7), wherein the induced draft fan (7) is connected with the smoke outlet of the air preheater (4).
CN202120755284.0U 2021-04-13 2021-04-13 Direct-fired pulverizing system capable of controlling smoke exhaust temperature Active CN215216318U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202120755284.0U CN215216318U (en) 2021-04-13 2021-04-13 Direct-fired pulverizing system capable of controlling smoke exhaust temperature

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202120755284.0U CN215216318U (en) 2021-04-13 2021-04-13 Direct-fired pulverizing system capable of controlling smoke exhaust temperature

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CN215216318U true CN215216318U (en) 2021-12-17

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