CN215214531U - Magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber device - Google Patents
Magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber device Download PDFInfo
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- CN215214531U CN215214531U CN202121425249.9U CN202121425249U CN215214531U CN 215214531 U CN215214531 U CN 215214531U CN 202121425249 U CN202121425249 U CN 202121425249U CN 215214531 U CN215214531 U CN 215214531U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction and noise reduction, and discloses a magneto-rheological elastomer composite vibration absorber device, which comprises a revolving body frame fixedly arranged below a chassis base at the bottom of a railway vehicle in a suspension manner, and two vibrators which are arranged inside the revolving body frame in a suspension manner and have different qualities, wherein the centers of the vibrators are connected in series through two magnetic conducting rods, the two magnetic conducting rods are connected through a compression spring, the axial centers of the connected magnetic conducting rods are superposed with the axial center of the revolving body frame, each magnetic conducting rod is connected with the revolving body frame through the magneto-rheological elastomer, the two magnetic conducting rods and the revolving body frame are both magnetic conductors, one or more winding grooves are arranged on the surface of the revolving body frame and at the position corresponding to each vibrator, and an excitation coil is arranged inside the revolving body frame, so that the composite vibration absorber with two fixed frequencies is formed, the vibration reduction frequency band of the composite vibration absorber is widened, and the broadband vibration reduction of the vehicle body is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technical field that the track traffic damping was fallen and is made an uproar especially relates to a compound bump leveller device of magnetic current becomes elastomer.
Background
Urban rail transit vehicle is at the in-process of traveling, because the produced excitation of track system irregularity for the wheel rail vibration aggravation, thereby lead to low frequency vibration's production, its transfer path is passed to the bogie by primary suspension, and the secondary suspension is passed to and hangs the automobile body again, and on the other hand, the production of vibration causes the unable absorption of partial energy, directly transmits in the carriage, makes the vehicle travel in-process, and stationarity and travelling comfort all descend. The dynamic vibration absorber has the advantages of simple structure and good vibration reduction effect, and becomes one of effective means for reducing the vibration of the vehicle body and improving the riding comfort of passengers.
The dynamic vibration absorber is divided into a passive type, an active type and a semi-active type: the passive dynamic vibration absorber has simple structure and good vibration attenuation effect, but the working frequency range is narrow, so the passive dynamic vibration absorber is not suitable for occasions with large frequency change, namely wider working frequency band; the active vibration absorber is a vibration damping device which instantaneously applies control force or changes the dynamic characteristic of a structure in the process of excited vibration of a main system by utilizing external energy to quickly damp and control the vibration reaction of the structure, and although the vibration damping frequency band of the vibration absorber is wider, the vibration absorber has the defects of complex structure, high control precision requirement, poor stability and the like; the semi-active vibration absorber is also called self-adaptive vibration absorber, has the advantages of the former two, has simple structure, easy implementation and good vibration attenuation effect, and can effectively attenuate the vibration of the main system within a certain width frequency range.
The traditional dynamic vibration absorber, namely the passive dynamic vibration absorber, is simple in structure and good in reliability, but has single vibration absorption frequency, and cannot effectively solve the problem of vertical vibration of a rail vehicle body, because the vertical vibration of the vehicle body is multi-band vibration and is divided into a rigid vibration frequency band and an elastic vibration frequency band when the rail vehicle runs.
The utility model with the patent application number of 201711133363.2 discloses a magnetorheological elastomer semi-active dynamic vibration absorber and a model selection installation method thereof, which can adjust the rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer by changing the current intensity passing through an excitation coil, so that the natural frequency of the vibration absorber is constantly tuned with the vibration frequency of a rail vehicle body, ensure that the vibration energy of the vehicle body under each frequency can be absorbed by a multi-layer slotted vibrator of the vibration absorber, inhibit the vertical vibration of the vehicle body, realize the broadband vibration attenuation of the vehicle body, but the vibration absorber belongs to a vibration absorber with single degree of freedom as a transmission dynamic vibration absorber, and only has one vibrator, the vertical vibration of the rail vehicle body is multi-band vibration and is divided into a rigid vibration band and an elastic vibration band, the rigidity change of the magnetorheological elastomer is limited, the vibration absorber can only design the working frequency aiming at the rigid or elastic vibration band, and can not completely cover all the vertical vibration bands of the vehicle body, the vibration damping effect is not good.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a compound bump leveller device of magnetic current becomes elastomer can effectively solve above-mentioned problem, utilizes compound bump leveller to have the characteristics of two natural frequencies and combines the mechanical characteristics of magnetic current becomes elastomer, and the rigidity vibration frequency channel and the elastic vibration frequency channel that exist when can effectively be to the vertical vibration of automobile body, and then can be to the effective damping of automobile body.
The utility model discloses the following technical scheme of accessible realizes:
the magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber device comprises a revolving body frame fixedly arranged below an underframe base at the bottom of a railway vehicle in a suspending manner, and two vibrators which are arranged in the revolving body frame in a suspending manner through bearing springs and have different masses.
The center of two oscillators is connected in series through two magnetic conduction rods, two are connected through a compression spring between the magnetic conduction rods, the axial center of the magnetic conduction rods connected together coincides with the axial center of the revolving body frame, each magnetic conduction rod is connected with the revolving body frame through a magnetorheological elastomer, the two magnetic conduction rods and the revolving body frame are both magnetic conductors, one or more wire winding grooves are formed in the surface of the revolving body frame and in the positions corresponding to each oscillator, magnet exciting coils are arranged inside the wire winding grooves, so that a composite vibration absorber with two fixed frequencies is formed, the vibration damping frequency band of the composite vibration absorber is widened, the rigid vibration frequency band and the elastic vibration frequency band in the vertical vibration of the vehicle body are effectively consumed, and the broadband vibration damping of the vehicle body is realized.
Therefore, two dynamic vibration absorbing systems are formed by the aid of the two vibrators and the corresponding bearing springs, the two vibrators can have different natural frequencies due to different masses, and the magnetorheological elastomers connected with the magnetic conduction rods are added to form the composite vibration absorber together.
Furthermore, the mass corresponding to the two vibrators is set according to the rigid vibration frequency band and the elastic vibration frequency band in the vertical vibration of the vehicle body, and the peak values of the rigid vibration frequency band and the elastic vibration frequency band are optimized, so that the difference between the two natural frequencies of the composite vibration absorber is larger, the vibration absorption frequency change range of the composite vibration absorber is larger along with the rigidity change of the magnetorheological elastomer, and the self-adaptive adjustment range is larger.
When the rail vehicle generates vertical vibration in the running process, the vertical vibration of the vehicle body is transmitted to two vibrators with different masses through the underframe base, the two magnetic conducting rods, the compression spring, the revolving body frame and the magnetorheological elastomer, the vibration sensor mounted on the rail vehicle monitors the vibration frequency of the vehicle body in real time and feeds the vibration frequency back to the control unit, and the control unit changes the current intensity passing through the excitation coil according to a feedback signal, so that the rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer is adjusted, the vibration absorption frequency of the composite vibration absorber is tuned with the vibration frequency of the vehicle body of the rail vehicle all the time, the vibration energy of the vehicle body under each frequency can be absorbed by the two vibrators of the vibration absorber, and the vertical vibration of the vehicle body is restrained.
Further, the revolving body frame comprises an upper magnetic yoke, a lower magnetic yoke and a cylinder arranged between the upper magnetic yoke and the lower magnetic yoke, three cavities are arranged in the cylinder from top to bottom, vibrators are arranged in the upper cavity and the lower cavity in a hanging mode, the upper vibrator and the lower vibrator are respectively arranged in the upper cavity and the lower cavity, one or more wire winding grooves are formed in the surface of the upper cavity and the lower cavity, and a magnetic isolating material layer is arranged between the magnetic conducting rod and the compression spring. In this way, the cavity structure in the middle part is filled with air to play a role of magnetic isolation, and other magnetic isolation modes can be adopted, and a magnetic isolation material layer between the magnetic conducting rod and the compression spring is added, so that the magnetic conducting paths in the dynamic vibration absorption system in the upper cavity and the lower cavity are isolated, namely, for the excitation coil of the upper cavity, a magnetic field generated after electrification returns to the excitation coil again through the upper cavity, the magnetic conducting rod, the magnetorheological elastomer and the upper magnetic yoke to form two complete closed loops, and similarly, for the excitation coil of the lower cavity, two complete closed loops can be formed.
Still further, the cylinder comprises two half bodies which are axially symmetrical, and the two half bodies are fixed together through an annular fastening ring. Like this, divide into two halfbodies with the cylinder, the processing of the internal cavity of being convenient for, reduction in production cost.
Still further, the center of going up yoke and lower yoke all is provided with the installation through-hole, the center of going up oscillator, lower oscillator all is provided with the shaft hole, the upper end of two magnetic conduction poles that link together in proper order with the shaft hole of last oscillator, the installation through-hole of upper yoke, the lower extreme of two magnetic conduction poles that link together in proper order with the shaft hole of lower oscillator, the installation through-hole of lower yoke cooperation, all be provided with annular magnetic current becomes elastomer between installation through-hole and the magnetic conduction pole, the magnetic current becomes elastomer outer lane and hugs closely and fixes on the installation through-hole, the outer fringe of inner circle cladding magnetic conduction pole. Therefore, the magnetic conduction rods are driven to drag the corresponding magneto-rheological elastomer to elastically deform along with the up-and-down vibration of the upper vibrator and the lower vibrator, so that the vibrators have the allowance of up-and-down vibration.
Further, the bottom surface of the upper magnet yoke is connected with the top surface of the upper vibrator through a plurality of bearing springs, the top surface of the lower magnet yoke is connected with the bottom surface of the lower vibrator through a plurality of bearing springs, and the elasticity of the bearing springs connected with the upper magnet yoke is different from that of the bearing springs connected with the lower magnet yoke.
And finally, coating a magnetic isolation material on the outer surface of the composite vibration absorber, and performing magnetic isolation treatment to ensure that the composite vibration absorber and the bottom of the railway vehicle are magnetically isolated.
The utility model discloses profitable technological effect lies in:
1) and the vibration characteristics of the urban rail vehicle during operation are started, the characteristics of two specific natural frequencies of the composite vibration absorber and the characteristic of variable rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer are utilized, the vibration can be well damped in a rigid vibration frequency band and an elastic vibration frequency band of the vehicle body vibration, the vibration damping frequency band is wide, and the vibration damping effect is good.
2) The revolving body frame is simple in structure and reasonable in arrangement, and the magnetic field is uniformly distributed because the whole structure is a rotational symmetric structure.
3) And the two magnetic conduction rod pieces are connected by the compression spring to form a magnetic conduction rod piece connecting device, and the compression spring between the magnetic conduction rod piece connecting device can effectively relieve the vibration energy between the two vibrators.
4) When the external excitation frequency is changed, the natural frequency can capture the excitation frequency of the main vibration system in real time only by adjusting the input current, so that a better vibration reduction effect is obtained under multi-harmonic and broadband excitation, and the energy consumption is low.
To sum up, this device inhale to shake effectually, and the power consumption is few, has overcome passive form dynamic vibration absorber damping frequency band and has crossed narrowly, can carry out vertical wide band damping to the rail vehicle automobile body that produces unusual vibration problem because the track is not smooth and smooth: the active dynamic vibration absorber overcomes the defects of complex structure, high manufacturing cost and high energy consumption of the active dynamic vibration absorber, has simple and compact structure, easy installation and high safety and reliability, reasonably utilizes the residual space under the rail vehicle, is favorable for being arranged at the bottom of the rail vehicle, and cannot influence the running safety of the urban rail vehicle.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an axial sectional view of the general structure of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure of two magnetic rods according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the magnetic path of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simplified model of the composite vibration absorber and the vehicle body with three degrees of freedom;
wherein, 1-upper magnetic yoke, 2-lower magnetic yoke, 3-cylinder, 4-annular confinement ring, 5-lower vibrator, 6-upper vibrator, 7-compression spring, 8-magnetic pole, 9-bearing spring, 10-magneto rheological elasticity, 11-winding slot.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the upper magnetic yoke 1, the lower magnetic yoke 2 and the cylinder 3 disposed between the two form the revolving body frame of the magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber device of the present invention, for the convenience of processing, the cylinder 3 is formed by two axially symmetric half bodies, a plurality of ears, such as four, can be disposed at the top and bottom edges of the half bodies at uniform intervals, threaded holes are disposed on the ears, the ears are detachably connected with the upper magnetic yoke 1 and the lower magnetic yoke 2 by bolts, meanwhile, an annular fastening ring 4 can be disposed at the middle part of the two half bodies, the two half bodies are fixed together by the annular fastening ring 4 to form the cylinder 3, in addition, in order to limit the fixed position of the annular fastening ring 4 on the half bodies, a plurality of ears can be disposed at the periphery of the corresponding position of the surface of the half bodies, a fixing mode similar to the ears at the top and bottom edges is adopted, the fixation of the annular fastening ring 4 is realized.
As shown in fig. 3-4, the volumes of the upper cavity and the lower cavity of the cylinder 3 are larger than the volumes of the upper vibrator 6 and the lower vibrator 5, so as to ensure that the upper vibrator 6 and the lower vibrator 5 can have a space for moving up and down, the upper vibrator 6 and the lower vibrator 5 are connected in series by two magnetic conductive rods 8 connected together by a compression spring 7, and the magnetic conductive rods 8, the upper vibrator 6 and the lower vibrator 5 are ensured to vibrate up and down along the axial direction of the installation through holes of the upper magnetic yoke 1 and the lower magnetic yoke 2 relative to the chassis base by interference fit, and the magnetic conductive rods 8 are ensured not to fall off during vibration; the upper vibrator 6 is suspended inside the upper cavity by using the upper bearing spring 9, the lower vibrator 5 is suspended inside the lower cavity by using the lower bearing spring 9, meanwhile, the top ends of the two magnetic conduction rods 8 which are connected together are matched with the mounting through hole in the center of the upper magnetic yoke 1 through the magnetorheological elastomer 10, the bottom ends of the two magnetic conduction rods 8 which are connected together are matched with the mounting through hole in the center of the lower magnetic yoke 2 through the magnetorheological elastomer 10, interference fit is also adopted, the magnetorheological elastomer 10 is annular, the inner ring of the magnetorheological elastomer is tightly attached and fixed on the outer edge of the magnetic conduction rods 8, and the outer ring of the magnetorheological elastomer is fixed with the mounting through hole; when the upper vibrator 6 and the lower vibrator 5 vibrate, the magnetic conduction rod 8 drags to make the magnetorheological elastomer 10 elastically deform, so that the vibrators have room for vibrating up and down, and elastic connection with the revolving body frame is formed.
As shown in fig. 5, in the design of the magnetic conductive path, it is first necessary to ensure that the magnetic circuit is smooth, which means that the magnetic induction line can form a closed loop when passing through each component, and the closed loop includes a cylinder, a magnetic conductive rod, an upper magnetic yoke, a lower magnetic yoke and a magnetorheological elastomer. When the magnet exciting coil arranged in the wire winding groove 11 on the surface of the cylinder 3 is electrified, the generated magnetic field passes through the magnetic conducting rod, passes through the selected magnetorheological elastomer, the upper magnet yoke and the lower magnet yoke and returns to the magnet exciting coil again, and the magnetic conducting path is a complete closed loop, namely the magnetic conducting path of the composite vibration absorber.
In the running process of the railway vehicle, vertical vibration generated by the vehicle body is transmitted to the two vibrators through the chassis base, the upper magnetic yoke, the lower magnetic yoke, the cylinder, the magnetic conducting rod and the magnetorheological elastomer. When the excitation coil is electrified, a closed annular magnetic field is generated inside the composite vibration absorber, once the current is changed, the magnetic field intensity in the corresponding composite vibration absorber is changed, the mechanical property of the magnetorheological elastomer promotes the shear modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer to be changed, and therefore the rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber is changed. Therefore, when the external excitation frequency is changed, the natural frequency can capture the excitation frequency of the main vibration system in real time only by adjusting the input current, and a better vibration reduction effect is obtained under multi-harmonic and broadband excitation.
As shown in fig. 6, the composite vibration absorber and the vehicle body of the present invention can be simplified into a three-degree-of-freedom model, if M is the same as MdiThe mass of the ith vibrator of the composite vibration absorber is shown, wherein i is 1 and 2; kd1And Cd1Is the rigidity and damping K between the composite vibration absorber vibrator 1 and the vehicle bodyd2And Cd2Is the rigidity and damping K between two vibrators of the composite vibration absorberd3And Cd3For the stiffness and damping between the first 2 oscillator of the composite vibration absorber and the vehicle body, the natural frequency of the composite vibration absorber system is solved as follows:
the two-degree-of-freedom natural frequency of the structure of the composite vibration absorber is solved without considering the influence of damping, and
where ω is the natural angular frequency of the vibration absorber, and ω is 2 pi fdThe natural frequency of the composite vibration absorber is
The composite vibration absorber has two natural frequencies fd1、fd2(0<fd1<fd2) The value size of the vibration absorption system is related to the mass and rigidity parameters of the composite vibration absorption system.
Further, to the utility model discloses a magneto rheological elastomer's rigidity size all can change along with factors such as magnetic field intensity, shear area and magneto rheological elastomer's thickness, and its expression is:
Kdi＝(A·H-1)·G(B)
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,Kdithe stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber is shown in the specification, wherein i is 1 and 2, A represents a shearing area, H represents the thickness of the magnetorheological elastomer, and G (B) represents the magnetic field intensity, so that when A and H are constant values, K is shown to be constant valued1And Kd2Is a variable quantity with the magnetic field intensity G (B), the natural frequency f of the composite vibration absorption systemd1,d2 2Also by an amount that varies with the strength of the magnetic field g (b), thereby broadening the natural frequency of the vibration absorber.
According to the above formula, the utility model discloses a compound bump leveller can be effectively to the rigidity vibration and the elastic vibration frequency channel when urban rail vehicle moves, and then reaches the effect to automobile body multifrequency section wide band damping.
The utility model discloses an use the oscillator that two qualities are different, make it have two natural frequencies, can absorb the vibration of rigidity vibration frequency channel and elastic vibration frequency channel in the vertical vibration of automobile body simultaneously, the operating condition who combines rail transit vehicle changes complicated characteristics, the control effect to the vertical vibration of urban rail vehicle automobile body is realized, consider urban rail vehicle's complexity, the characteristic that only relies on two oscillator structures can't satisfy the vibration requirement, consequently, the magneto rheological elastomer material that reunion, and then realize the purpose of multifrequency section wide band damping.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely illustrative and various changes or modifications may be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and therefore, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber device is characterized in that: comprises a revolving body frame which is fixedly arranged below an underframe base at the bottom of a railway vehicle in a suspending way, and two vibrators which are arranged in the revolving body frame in a suspending way through bearing springs and have different masses,
the center of two oscillators is connected in series through two magnetic conduction rods, two are connected through a compression spring between the magnetic conduction rods, the axial center of the magnetic conduction rods connected together coincides with the axial center of the revolving body frame, each magnetic conduction rod is connected with the revolving body frame through a magnetorheological elastomer, the two magnetic conduction rods and the revolving body frame are both magnetic conductors, one or more wire winding grooves are formed in the surface of the revolving body frame and in the positions corresponding to each oscillator, magnet exciting coils are arranged inside the wire winding grooves, so that a composite vibration absorber with two fixed frequencies is formed, the vibration damping frequency band of the composite vibration absorber is widened, the rigid vibration frequency band and the elastic vibration frequency band in the vertical vibration of the vehicle body are effectively consumed, and the broadband vibration damping of the vehicle body is realized.
2. The magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the mass corresponding to the two vibrators is set according to the rigid vibration frequency band and the elastic vibration frequency band in the vertical vibration of the vehicle body,
when the rail vehicle generates vertical vibration in the running process, the vertical vibration of the vehicle body is transmitted to two vibrators with different masses through the underframe base, the two magnetic conducting rods, the compression spring, the revolving body frame and the magnetorheological elastomer, the vibration sensor mounted on the rail vehicle monitors the vibration frequency of the vehicle body in real time and feeds the vibration frequency back to the control unit, and the control unit changes the current intensity passing through the excitation coil according to a feedback signal, so that the rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer is adjusted, the vibration absorption frequency of the composite vibration absorber is tuned with the vibration frequency of the vehicle body of the rail vehicle all the time, the vibration energy of the vehicle body under each frequency can be absorbed by the two vibrators of the vibration absorber, and the vertical vibration of the vehicle body is restrained.
3. The magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the revolving body frame comprises an upper magnetic yoke, a lower magnetic yoke and a cylinder arranged between the upper magnetic yoke and the lower magnetic yoke, three cavities are arranged in the cylinder from top to bottom, vibrators are arranged in the upper cavity and the lower cavity in a hanging mode and are an upper vibrator and a lower vibrator respectively, one or more winding grooves are formed in the surface of the upper cavity and the lower cavity, and a magnetic isolating material layer is arranged between the magnetic conducting rod and the compression spring.
4. The magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the cylinder comprises two axially symmetrical half bodies, and the two half bodies are fixed together through an annular fastening ring.
5. The magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the center of going up yoke and lower yoke all is provided with the installation through-hole, the center of going up oscillator, lower oscillator all is provided with the shaft hole, the upper end of two magnetic conduction poles that link together in proper order with the shaft hole of last oscillator, the installation through-hole cooperation of last yoke, the lower extreme of two magnetic conduction poles that link together in proper order with the shaft hole of lower oscillator, the installation through-hole cooperation of lower yoke, all be provided with annular magnetic current becomes elastomer between installation through-hole and the magnetic conduction pole, the magnetic current becomes elastomer outer lane and hugs closely and fixes on the installation through-hole, inner circle cladding magnetic conduction pole outer fringe.
6. The magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom surface of the upper magnet yoke is connected with the top surface of the upper vibrator through a plurality of bearing springs, and the top surface of the lower magnet yoke is connected with the bottom surface of the lower vibrator through a plurality of bearing springs.
7. The magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the rigidity of the bearing spring connected with the upper magnet yoke is different from that of the bearing spring connected with the lower magnet yoke, and the bearing springs with different rigidity are selected according to different masses of the vibrators.
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| CN202121425249.9U CN215214531U (en) | 2021-06-25 | 2021-06-25 | Magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber device |
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| CN202121425249.9U CN215214531U (en) | 2021-06-25 | 2021-06-25 | Magnetorheological elastomer composite vibration absorber device |
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