CN215204445U - Fuel cell automobile power assembly system based on flywheel power - Google Patents
Fuel cell automobile power assembly system based on flywheel power Download PDFInfo
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- CN215204445U CN215204445U CN202120212394.2U CN202120212394U CN215204445U CN 215204445 U CN215204445 U CN 215204445U CN 202120212394 U CN202120212394 U CN 202120212394U CN 215204445 U CN215204445 U CN 215204445U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cell automobile power assemblies, in particular to a fuel cell automobile power assembly system based on flywheel power, which comprises a fuel cell system, a fuel cell controller, a main driving motor controller, a DC/DC converter, a flywheel power system and an auxiliary energy storage component, wherein the power demand of a vehicle under various complex working conditions is optimized and matched from the output end of the power assembly system, the requirement of the output characteristic of the fuel cell system is greatly simplified and reduced, thereby the cost of the power assembly system is greatly reduced, the flywheel power system and the auxiliary energy storage component are matched to adapt to the change of the vehicle dynamic state and the load power, the quick response of the power output is realized, the electric power of the power assembly system and the capacity of the auxiliary energy storage component are reduced, and the dynamic response speed and the performance of the power assembly system are increased simultaneously, the problems of low dynamic response speed, high system cost and complex control of the fuel cell system are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cell car power assembly technique and specifically relates to a fuel cell car power assembly system based on flywheel power.
Background
Energy and environment are the strategic problems of sustainable development which are closely concerned by governments of all countries. Global warming and energy crisis are forcing people to reconsider the power issues of future automobiles. Fuel cell vehicles are becoming the most promising new energy vehicles in the future due to their clean, efficient characteristics. Pure fuel cell vehicles have the following disadvantages: the fuel cell engine has the characteristics of soft output characteristic, high cost, difficult starting, poor transient response and the like, and the electric pile does not allow current to flow in two directions and can not recover energy during braking. The auxiliary equipment can solve the problems, the fuel cell can work in a higher efficiency area, partial energy is recycled in the braking process, and therefore, an auxiliary energy storage device is required to be configured in the design of an automobile power system taking the fuel cell as a main power source. The matching scheme of the fuel cell power system directly influences the performance and efficiency of the whole vehicle power assembly.
At present, fuel cell vehicles mainly have various power matching schemes such as pure fuel cells, fuel cells and storage batteries, fuel cells and super capacitors, fuel cells and storage batteries and super capacitors, fuel cells and flywheel energy storage and the like, wherein a fuel cell system is a main power source, a battery pack is matched with the fuel cell system to carry out hybrid driving, and electric energy is converted into mechanical energy through a motor and is transmitted to a transmission system. When accelerating, the battery pack and the fuel cell stack output energy together, so that the acceleration performance of the whole vehicle is ensured, and the battery pack provides partial energy, so that the burden of the stack during instantaneous acceleration is reduced, the phenomenon of oxygen starvation of the cathode is avoided, and the service life of the stack is prolonged. When braking, the battery recovers part of energy, and the process is controlled by the battery management system, and the battery management system has the advantages that: the cost of the fuel cell is reduced, the requirements on the dynamic characteristics and the power of the electric pile are reduced, the starting is easy, and the reliability is high; the disadvantages are that: the structure is complicated, and during emergency braking, energy recuperation instantaneous current is higher, and the power battery group can receive certain damage, consequently, need combine super capacitor and flywheel energy storage system together in occasion some to supply power battery system's not enough, nevertheless no matter super capacitor or flywheel energy storage system, all have the cost very expensive, control system is more complicated, the parameter matches the difficulty, heavy, bulky and difficult vehicle carries on the scheduling problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: in order to solve the problems of high system electric power, poor dynamic response speed and poor performance of a fuel cell automobile power assembly in the prior art, a fuel cell automobile power assembly system based on flywheel power is provided.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: a fuel cell automobile power assembly system based on flywheel power comprises a fuel cell system, a fuel cell controller, a main driving motor controller, a DC/DC converter, a DC/DC controller, a flywheel power system and an auxiliary energy storage assembly capable of storing electric energy;
the flywheel power system comprises a flywheel power assembly, a flywheel motor controller and a flywheel system controller, wherein the flywheel power assembly can convert kinetic energy of vehicle braking into kinetic energy of a flywheel and release the kinetic energy to provide power when the vehicle starts or accelerates, and an output end of the flywheel power assembly and an output shaft of the main driving motor are in transmission connection with an input end of an axle of the vehicle;
the fuel battery controller, the auxiliary energy storage assembly, the DC/DC controller and the flywheel system controller are in signal connection with the whole vehicle controller, and the main driving motor controller and the flywheel motor controller are in signal connection with the flywheel system controller;
the fuel cell controller and the DC/DC converter are electrically connected with the fuel cell system, the DC/DC controller is electrically connected with the DC/DC converter, the main drive motor controller and the flywheel motor controller are electrically connected with the DC/DC converter and the auxiliary energy storage assembly, the main drive motor controller is electrically connected with the main drive motor, and the flywheel motor controller is electrically connected with the flywheel power assembly.
The characteristic of the flywheel power system is combined in the scheme, the power requirements of the vehicle under various complex working conditions are optimally matched from the output end of the power assembly system, the requirement on the output characteristic of the fuel cell system is greatly simplified and reduced, so that the cost of the power assembly system is greatly reduced, the flywheel power system and the auxiliary energy storage component are matched to adapt to the change of the vehicle dynamic state and the load power, the quick response of the power output is realized, the electric power of the power assembly system and the capacity of the auxiliary energy storage component are reduced, the dynamic response speed and the performance of the power assembly system are increased, and the problems of low dynamic response speed, high system cost and complex control of the fuel cell system are greatly improved.
The flywheel power assembly and the main driving motor form a driving unit of the vehicle, the driving unit can simultaneously realize single driving control and common driving control, and the flywheel system controller can distribute real-time power and torque to the main driving motor and the flywheel power system according to the instruction of the whole vehicle controller and by combining the working state of the fuel cell system and the capacity of the auxiliary energy storage component, so that the electric energy output is reduced.
Furthermore, the auxiliary energy storage assembly comprises a super capacitor, an auxiliary DC/DC converter, a power battery system and a battery management system;
the super capacitor is electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter, and the main drive motor controller and the flywheel motor controller are both electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter and are both electrically connected with the power battery system;
the auxiliary DC/DC converter and the battery management system are in signal connection with the vehicle control unit, and the battery management system is in signal connection with the power battery system.
Furthermore, the auxiliary energy storage assembly comprises a power battery system and a battery management system, the main driving motor controller and the flywheel motor controller are electrically connected with the power battery system, the whole vehicle controller is in signal connection with the battery management system, and the battery management system is in signal connection with the power battery system.
Furthermore, the auxiliary energy storage assembly comprises a super capacitor and an auxiliary DC/DC converter, the auxiliary DC/DC converter is electrically connected with the super capacitor, the main drive motor controller and the flywheel motor controller are electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter, and the vehicle control unit is in signal connection with the auxiliary DC/DC converter.
Further, the auxiliary energy storage assembly comprises a super capacitor, an auxiliary DC/DC converter and a storage battery;
the super capacitor is electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter, and the main drive motor controller and the flywheel motor controller are both electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter and are both electrically connected with the storage battery;
and the auxiliary DC/DC converter is in signal connection with the vehicle control unit.
Further, the flywheel powertrain includes:
the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear ring, a planetary gear, a planet carrier and a sun gear, wherein an output shaft of the main driving motor is in transmission connection with an input end of the planet carrier, and an output end of the planet carrier is in transmission connection with an input end of an axle of a vehicle;
the flywheel is in transmission connection with the gear ring;
the power output shaft of the motor/generator is in transmission connection with the sun gear;
and a one-way clutch provided on a transmission path of the ring gear and the flywheel.
Furthermore, the flywheel has a plurality ofly, and a plurality ofly all the flywheel is connected with the ring gear transmission.
Further, the output end of the planet carrier is in transmission connection with the input end of the transmission, and the output end of the transmission is in transmission connection with the input end of an axle of the vehicle.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses fuel cell car power assembly system based on flywheel power combines flywheel driving system's characteristic, optimize the power demand of matching the vehicle under various complicated operating modes from power assembly system output, simplify greatly and reduced fuel cell system output characteristic's requirement, thereby make power assembly system's cost reduce by a wide margin, flywheel driving system and the adaptable vehicle developments of supplementary energy storage component and load power's change, accomplish power output's quick response, the electric power that has not only solved and has reduced power assembly system and supplementary energy storage component's capacity, the dynamic response speed and the performance of this power assembly system have been increased simultaneously, let fuel cell system dynamic response speed slow, the system cost is high, the problem of control complicacy improves greatly.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell vehicle powertrain system based on flywheel power according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell vehicle powertrain system based on flywheel power according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell vehicle powertrain system based on flywheel power according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell vehicle powertrain system based on flywheel power according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a flywheel powertrain in a flywheel-based fuel cell vehicle powertrain system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of flywheels in a flywheel-based fuel cell vehicle powertrain system of the present invention being simultaneously drivingly connected to a gear ring;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the output rotation speed of the main driving motor and the flywheel power assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the torque output of the main driving motor and the flywheel power assembly of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a topology structure diagram of the control network of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a fuel cell system 2, a fuel cell controller 3, a main driving motor 4, a main driving motor controller 5, a DC/DC converter 6, a DC/DC controller;
7. a flywheel power assembly 701, a gear ring 702, a planetary gear 703, a planet carrier 704, a sun gear 705, a motor/generator 706, a flywheel 707 and a one-way clutch;
8. the system comprises a vehicle control unit, 9, a flywheel motor controller, 10, a flywheel system controller, 11, a super capacitor, 12, an auxiliary DC/DC converter, 13, a power battery system, 14, a battery management system, 15 and a storage battery.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic drawings, which illustrate the basic structure of the invention only in a schematic way, and thus show only the components that are relevant to the invention, and the directions and references (e.g., upper, lower, left, right, etc.) may be used only to help describe the features in the drawings. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is defined only by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, a fuel cell vehicle power assembly system based on flywheel power comprises a fuel cell system 1, a fuel cell controller 2, a main driving motor 3, a main driving motor controller 4, a DC/DC converter 5, a DC/DC controller 6, a flywheel power system and an auxiliary energy storage component capable of storing electric energy;
the flywheel power system comprises a flywheel power assembly 7, a flywheel motor controller 9 and a flywheel system controller 10, wherein the flywheel power assembly 7 can convert kinetic energy of vehicle braking into kinetic energy of a flywheel 706 and release the kinetic energy to provide power when the vehicle starts or accelerates, and the output end of the flywheel power assembly 7 and the output shaft of the main driving motor 3 are in transmission connection with the input end of an axle of the vehicle;
the fuel cell controller 2, the auxiliary energy storage assembly, the DC/DC controller 6 and the flywheel system controller 10 are in signal connection with the vehicle control unit 8, the main driving motor controller 4 and the flywheel motor controller 9 are in signal connection with the flywheel system controller 10, and the DC/DC controller 6 is used for controlling the DC/DC converter 5 to output corresponding voltage;
the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell system 1, a fuel cell controller 2, a DC/DC converter 5, a DC/DC controller 6, a DC/DC converter 5, a main drive motor controller 4, a flywheel motor controller 9, an auxiliary energy storage assembly, a main drive motor controller 4, a main drive motor 3, a flywheel motor controller 9 and a flywheel power assembly 7, wherein the fuel cell controller 2 and the DC/DC converter 5 are electrically connected with the fuel cell system 1, the DC/DC controller 6 and the DC/DC converter 5 are electrically connected, the main drive motor controller 4 and the flywheel motor controller 9 are electrically connected with the DC/DC converter 5 and the auxiliary energy storage assembly, the main drive motor controller 4 and the main drive motor 3 are electrically connected, and the flywheel motor controller 9 and the flywheel power assembly 7 are electrically connected.
The auxiliary energy storage assembly comprises a super capacitor 11, an auxiliary DC/DC converter 12, a power battery system 13 and a battery management system 14;
the super capacitor 11 is electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter 12, and the main drive motor controller 4 and the flywheel motor controller 9 are both electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter 12 and are both electrically connected with the power battery system 13;
the auxiliary DC/DC converter 12 and the battery management system 14 are in signal connection with the vehicle control unit 8, and the battery management system 14 is in signal connection with the power battery system 13.
The flywheel power assembly 7 in this embodiment includes:
the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear ring 701, a planetary gear 702, a planet carrier 703 and a sun gear 704, wherein an output shaft of the main driving motor 3 is in transmission connection with an input end of the planet carrier 703, and an output end of the planet carrier 703 is in transmission connection with an input end of an axle of a vehicle;
the flywheel 706 is in transmission connection with the gear ring 701;
a motor/generator 705, wherein a power output shaft of the motor/generator 705 is in transmission connection with the sun gear 704;
and a one-way clutch 707, the one-way clutch 707 being provided on a transmission path of the ring gear 701 and the flywheel 706.
The one-way clutch 707 is adopted to replace a flywheel brake in the original flywheel power assembly 7, so that the functions of forward rotation release and reverse non-return brake of the flywheel 706 can be automatically realized, an electric control system is not required for control, and the reliability and the safety are greatly improved at high rotating speed.
As shown in fig. 6, there are a plurality of flywheels 706, and each of the flywheels 706 is in transmission connection with a gear ring 701; the flywheel power assembly 7 adopts a parallel structure of a plurality of flywheels 706 to increase the energy storage capacity.
The output end of the planet carrier 703 is in transmission connection with the input end of the transmission, and the output end of the transmission is in transmission connection with the input end of an axle of the vehicle.
The operating principle of the flywheel powertrain 7 in this embodiment can be referred to as the operating principle of the boosting energy-saving driving device in the driving device of the new energy automobile disclosed in chinese patent No. CN103171426B, and the second motor/generator in the boosting energy-saving driving device corresponds to the motor/generator 705 in this application.
In the embodiment, the vehicle driving system mainly comprises a fuel cell system 1, a power cell system 13, a super capacitor 11, a main driving motor 3 and a flywheel power system, wherein a flywheel power assembly 7 and the main driving motor 3 form a vehicle driving unit, and the vehicle driving unit can simultaneously realize single driving control and common driving control. The flywheel system controller 10 can perform real-time power and torque distribution on the main drive motor 3 and the flywheel power system according to the instruction of the vehicle controller 8 and by combining the working state of the fuel cell system 1 and the capabilities of the power battery system 13 and the super capacitor 11, thereby reducing the electric energy output.
The fuel cell system 1 is used as a power generation device for a vehicle to react hydrogen serving as a raw material with oxygen, the generated electric energy is mainly supplied to a main driving motor 3 and a flywheel power system, and the fuel cell system 1 has the characteristics of very slow cold start and dynamic response, cannot meet the change of vehicle dynamic and load power, cannot realize quick response of power output, needs the power cell system 13, the super capacitor 11 and the flywheel power system to be matched for use, not only solves the problems of reducing the electric power of the power assembly system and the capacity of the super capacitor 11, but also increases the dynamic response speed and performance of the power assembly system, and greatly improves the problems of slow dynamic response speed, high system cost and complex control matching of the fuel cell system 1.
The power battery system 13 is used as an auxiliary power supply of the vehicle, and the flywheel power system recovers vehicle braking energy efficiently, so that under the working conditions of sudden deceleration and emergency braking of the vehicle, the flywheel power system can greatly reduce the burden on the power battery system 13, effectively protects the power battery system 13 from being impacted by strong current, can effectively prevent the power battery system 13 from generating phenomena, and obviously increases the available energy, the continuous working time and the service life of the power battery system 13.
In the matching of a driving system, the current fuel cell driving system mainly adopts a pure electric driving scheme, a high-power direct drive motor is adopted as a driving device, and some high-power vehicles improve low-speed torque by adding a multi-gear gearbox, but need to consider medium and high-speed power at the same time, and the electric driving power cannot be further optimized; in the embodiment, a flywheel power system is used to replace a multi-gear gearbox, the flywheel 706 can additionally provide half of mechanical power, the power of the main driving motor 3 can be reduced by half, and the main driving motor 3 and the main driving motor controller 4 with small power are used as the main driving system to reduce the electric driving power, energy consumption and cost.
Under the conditions of starting, accelerating, climbing and emergency braking of the vehicle, the low-capacity super capacitor 11 is combined with a flywheel power system to simultaneously and efficiently recover mechanical energy and electric energy, so that the stable performance of the fuel battery system 1 and the power battery system 13 is ensured, particularly, the kinetic energy is recovered on a heavy fuel battery vehicle or in a long distance downhill, double insurance is achieved, the load on the super capacitor 11 is greatly reduced by the flywheel power system, and the cost and the weight of the super capacitor 11 can be effectively reduced due to the characteristics of low energy density and high power density of the super capacitor 11 and large volume and weight.
In system control, as shown in fig. 1 and 9, a vehicle control unit 8 is used as a vehicle main control unit and is in signal control connection with a fuel cell controller 2, a battery management system 14, a DC/DC controller 6, an auxiliary DC/DC converter 12 and a flywheel power system; the flywheel system controller 10 mainly controls the main driving motor controller 4 and the flywheel motor controller 9 to distribute power and torque; meanwhile, the vehicle controller 8 needs to be cooperatively controlled with a vehicle braking system, so that the vehicle can recover kinetic energy and ensure the braking safety of the vehicle. The vehicle controller 8 provides a flywheel power system with a control accelerator and brake signal input function, and simultaneously transmits transient capabilities of the fuel cell system 1, the super capacitor 11 and the power battery system 13 to the flywheel system controller 10 to optimize a vehicle power system and energy management, so that the vehicle achieves the effects of optimal performance of each module, optimal energy distribution, highest system efficiency, strongest dynamic property and lowest cost in system control.
In the structure of the power assembly system, a flywheel power system replaces an original multi-gear gearbox or a reducer to be integrated with an axle of a vehicle, and a low-power driving motor is adopted as a main driving motor 3 to achieve the effect of coaxial input and output; on a multi-shaft driven vehicle, the power unit can be modularized to be used as a single-shaft auxiliary power unit; in some non-road special heavy vehicles, such as mines and engineering machinery vehicles, the PTO assembly can also be connected in a non-coaxial parallel mode.
The advantages of this embodiment are: the flywheel power system optimally matches the power requirement of the whole vehicle and the output characteristic of the fuel cell system 1, so that the harsh power requirement of the vehicle under complex working conditions is effectively met, and the power requirement of the electric drive system on the fuel cell system 1 is reduced; while the vehicle braking energy is efficiently recovered, the high-power output capacity of the flywheel 706 can assist the vehicle to accelerate at a medium and low speed, and can also improve the acceleration performance of the vehicle at a high speed under a high-speed working condition, so that the requirements on the load variation capacity and the peak power of the fuel cell system 1 are greatly reduced, and the system cost is greatly reduced; by the peak clipping and valley filling functions, the optimized matching of the fuel cell automobile power assembly system is realized;
the dynamic response and the variable load capacity of the fuel cell automobile can be obviously improved (the system starting time can be shortened by 50%); the requirements on the output power and the maximum power of the fuel cell system 1 are obviously reduced, the cost is reduced, and the service life is prolonged; the energy and power requirements of the auxiliary energy storage components (the power battery system 13, the super capacitor 11 and the storage battery 15) are greatly reduced, and the minimization of the total cost is realized; the power of the main driving motor 3 can be reduced, and a 50% reduction space can be provided under the general condition; the cost performance and the service life of the power assembly system of the fuel cell automobile are greatly improved, the safety and the reliability are improved, and the popularization and the application of the system are facilitated.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
vehicle starting and accelerating: because the fuel cell system 1 is slowly started in a cold state and cannot provide electric energy for the vehicle for the use of the main driving motor 3 and the flywheel power system in the first time, when starting, the main electric energy is from the power cell system 13, firstly, the whole vehicle controller 8 sends a signal to the flywheel system controller 10, the flywheel system controller 10 sends a signal to the flywheel motor controller 9, and the flywheel motor controller 9 enables the motor/generator 705 in the flywheel power assembly 7 to firstly drive the planetary gear mechanism with negative torque to accelerate the static flywheel 706 to a preset rotating speed, so that the energy pre-charging of the flywheel 706 is realized; when a vehicle starts, torque and power distribution are controlled through a flywheel system controller 10, a motor/generator 705 in a flywheel power assembly 7 has positive torque and high power to release flywheel 706 kinetic energy and is connected with a main driving motor 3 in parallel to output the kinetic energy to drive wheels, starting acceleration of the vehicle is realized, and the electric power output of the power assembly system is reduced by increasing the mechanical energy output of the flywheel 706, so that the output power and energy release of a power battery system 13 are reduced, the requirement on the starting time of the fuel battery system 1 is reduced, the power and capacity of the power battery system 13 can be further reduced, after the fuel battery system 1 is started in a cold state, the electric energy of the power assembly system mainly comes from the fuel battery system 1 to generate electricity, and the power battery system 13 serves as an auxiliary power supply unit;
when the vehicle accelerates again, the kinetic energy recovered by the flywheel power system during vehicle braking is released again in the form of kinetic energy, the flywheel 706 releases the kinetic energy in the process of releasing the kinetic energy in a torque vector control mode of the motor/generator 705 in the flywheel power assembly 7, the rotating speed of the flywheel 706 is reduced to output energy, the rotating speed of the flywheel 706 is increased to recover the energy, and the power and the torque recovered and released by the flywheel 706 in the process are controllable through the motor/generator 705 in the flywheel power assembly 7. As shown in fig. 7, curve a in the figure is the output rotation speed of the main driving motor 3 when the vehicle is accelerated; curve b is the output speed of the motor/generator 705 in the flywheel powertrain 7 when the vehicle is accelerating; curve c is the flywheel 706 speed when the vehicle is accelerating; it can be seen from figure 7 that during acceleration of the vehicle, the main drive motor 3 and the motor/generator 705 in the flywheel powertrain 7 are positively torque driven to accelerate and the flywheel 706 is decelerated to release kinetic energy.
Braking of the vehicle: because the fuel cell system 1 can only generate electricity in one direction and can not reversely recover electric energy, when a vehicle brakes, the flywheel power system can efficiently recover braking energy in high power, the energy generated by the main driving motor 3 is reduced to be returned to the battery charging system or the super capacitor 11, and the charging and discharging multiplying power of the power cell system 13 and the power and the capacity absorbed by the super capacitor 11 can be greatly reduced; specifically, the flywheel system controller 10 preferentially controls the negative torque of the motor/generator 705 to enable the flywheel 706 to efficiently recover the braking energy with 2-3 times of the power of the motor/generator 705, and convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle brake into the kinetic energy of the rotation of the flywheel 706 as much as possible to recover the braking energy; particularly, on a commercial vehicle of a heavy fuel cell system, the power of a driving system and the braking energy are larger, a larger super capacitor 11 needs to be equipped, if the super capacitor 11 is completely used for absorbing the part of electric energy, the requirement on the capacity of the super capacitor 11 is large, the price is very expensive, the volume is also large, and the super capacitor 11 is difficult to apply to the vehicle, and the flywheel power system recovers the braking energy at high power, so that the performance requirement on the super capacitor 11 can be effectively reduced; the flywheel power system absorbs braking energy preferentially, and the super capacitor 11 absorbs redundant electric energy, so that the power battery system 13 and the fuel battery system 1 are always in an optimal efficiency region to work while the impact on the power battery system 13 is reduced; in the dynamic acceleration and deceleration process of the vehicle, the requirements on the dynamic power and the corresponding time of a power system are higher, the flywheel power system belongs to mechanical energy storage, and the efficiency is far higher than the recovery efficiency of the motor generated energy, so that the power of a main driving motor 3 can be reduced, the capacity and the cost of a super capacitor 11 are reduced, and the reliability of the system is improved.
High-power acceleration of the vehicle: when the vehicle needs high-power acceleration, the flywheel system controller 10 preferentially controls the motor/generator 705 to carry out negative torque, so that the kinetic energy recovered by the flywheel 706 is released at high power and is output to the wheels; meanwhile, the super capacitor 11 can output electric energy with high power and instantly provide the electric energy for the main driving motor 3 and the motor/generator 705 in the flywheel power assembly 7, so that the main driving motor 3 and the flywheel power system can output power with high power quickly, the energy release and the power output of the power battery system 13 are reduced, and the requirement on the dynamic response speed of the fuel battery system 1 is greatly reduced; as shown in fig. 8, curve a is the output torque of the main driving motor 3, curve b is the output torque of the motor/generator 705 in the flywheel powertrain 7, curve c is the output torque of the flywheel powertrain 7, curve d is the total output torque (the output torque of the main driving motor 3 + the output torque of the flywheel powertrain 7), it can be seen from the figure that the flywheel 706 releases the kinetic energy by decelerating the positive torque output of the motor/generator 705 in the flywheel powertrain 7, the torque of the main driving motor 3 and the torque of the flywheel powertrain are output to the wheels in parallel, the power output is smooth, and no torque fluctuation exists, without setback, the flywheel 706 amplifies the power of the motor/generator 705 in the flywheel power assembly 7 by 2-3 times through the planetary gear mechanism in the form of mechanical energy, thereby reducing the output of electric power and reducing the energy and power output of the power battery system 13.
And (3) stopping and extinguishing the vehicle: when the vehicle is braked and stopped for the last time, the vehicle control unit 8 sends a signal to the flywheel system controller 10, the flywheel system controller 10 enables the power battery system 13, the super capacitor 11 and the flywheel motor controller 9 to delay power failure, the kinetic energy finally recovered by the flywheel 706 is generated by the motor/generator 705 and is recharged to the power battery system 13, and meanwhile, the residual energy absorbed by the super capacitor 11 can also be recharged to the power battery system 13.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that the auxiliary energy storage component is different, specifically as follows: the auxiliary energy storage assembly comprises a power battery system 13 and a battery management system 14, the main driving motor controller 4 and the flywheel motor controller 9 are electrically connected with the power battery system 13, the vehicle control unit 8 is in signal connection with the battery management system 14, and the battery management system 14 is in signal connection with the power battery system 13;
compared with embodiment 1, the present embodiment omits the super capacitor 11, and the working principle is as shown in embodiment 1; the advantages are that on light vehicle, super capacitor 11 can be saved, power battery system 13 capacity can be reduced, and cost can be reduced.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, the difference between embodiment 3 and embodiment 1 is that the auxiliary energy storage component is as follows: the auxiliary energy storage assembly comprises a super capacitor 11 and an auxiliary DC/DC converter 12, the auxiliary DC/DC converter 12 is electrically connected with the super capacitor 11, the main drive motor controller 4 and the flywheel motor controller 9 are electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter 12, and the vehicle control unit 8 is in signal connection with the auxiliary DC/DC converter 12; in this embodiment, compared with embodiment 1, the power battery system 13 is omitted, the fuel battery system 1 can charge the super capacitor 11 first when starting, the electric energy of the main driving motor 3 and the motor/generator 705 in the flywheel power assembly 7 can be supplied by combining the super capacitor 11 with the fuel battery system 1, when the vehicle is braked and stopped for the last time, the kinetic energy finally recovered by the flywheel 706 is generated and charged back into the super capacitor 11 by the motor/generator 705, and the rest of the working principle refers to embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, compared with embodiment 1, the power battery system 13 is omitted, and the working principle is as shown in embodiment 1; the advantages are that: the service life is long, the efficiency is high, the transient characteristic of the whole vehicle is improved, the capacity of the super capacitor 11 can be reduced, and the cost can be continuously reduced.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 4, the difference between embodiment 4 and embodiment 1 is that the auxiliary energy storage component is as follows: the auxiliary energy storage assembly comprises a super capacitor 11, an auxiliary DC/DC converter 12 and a storage battery 15;
the super capacitor 11 is electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter 12, and the main drive motor controller 4 and the flywheel motor controller 9 are both electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter 12 and are both electrically connected with the storage battery 15;
the auxiliary DC/DC converter 12 is in signal connection with the vehicle control unit 8.
In the embodiment, compared with the embodiment 1, the power battery system 13 is replaced by the storage battery 15, and the working principle is shown in the embodiment 1;
the advantages are that: the capacity of the super capacitor 11 can be reduced, and the cost can be further reduced by adopting the storage battery 15 to replace the power battery system 13.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a fuel cell car power assembly system based on flywheel power which characterized in that: the system comprises a fuel cell system (1), a fuel cell controller (2), a main driving motor (3), a main driving motor controller (4), a DC/DC converter (5), a DC/DC controller (6), a flywheel power system and an auxiliary energy storage assembly capable of storing electric energy;
the flywheel power system comprises a flywheel power assembly (7), a flywheel motor controller (9) and a flywheel system controller (10), wherein the flywheel power assembly can convert kinetic energy of vehicle braking into kinetic energy of a flywheel (706) and release the kinetic energy to provide power when the vehicle starts or accelerates, and the output end of the flywheel power assembly (7) and the output shaft of the main driving motor (3) are in transmission connection with the input end of an axle of the vehicle;
the fuel cell controller (2), the auxiliary energy storage assembly, the DC/DC controller (6) and the flywheel system controller (10) are in signal connection with the whole vehicle controller (8), and the main driving motor controller (4) and the flywheel motor controller (9) are in signal connection with the flywheel system controller (10);
the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell system (1), a DC/DC (direct current/direct current) converter (5), a main drive motor controller (4), a flywheel motor controller (9), a main drive motor controller (2), a main drive motor controller (3), a flywheel power assembly (7) and a fuel cell controller (2), wherein the fuel cell controller (2) and the DC/DC converter (5) are electrically connected, the DC/DC controller (6) and the DC/DC converter (5) are electrically connected, the main drive motor controller (4) and the flywheel motor controller (9) are electrically connected with the DC/DC converter (5) and are electrically connected with an auxiliary energy storage assembly, the main drive motor controller (4) is electrically connected with the main drive motor (3), and the flywheel motor controller (9) is electrically connected with the flywheel power assembly (7).
2. A flywheel power based fuel cell automotive powertrain system as in claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary energy storage assembly comprises a super capacitor (11), an auxiliary DC/DC converter (12), a power battery system (13) and a battery management system (14);
the super capacitor (11) is electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter (12), and the main drive motor controller (4) and the flywheel motor controller (9) are both electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter (12) and are both electrically connected with the power battery system (13);
the auxiliary DC/DC converter (12) and the battery management system (14) are in signal connection with the vehicle control unit (8), and the battery management system (14) is in signal connection with the power battery system (13).
3. A flywheel power based fuel cell automotive powertrain system as in claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary energy storage assembly comprises a power battery system (13) and a battery management system (14), the main driving motor controller (4) and the flywheel motor controller (9) are electrically connected with the power battery system (13), the whole vehicle controller (8) is in signal connection with the battery management system (14), and the battery management system (14) is in signal connection with the power battery system (13).
4. A flywheel power based fuel cell automotive powertrain system as in claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary energy storage assembly comprises a super capacitor (11) and an auxiliary DC/DC converter (12), the auxiliary DC/DC converter (12) is electrically connected with the super capacitor (11), the main drive motor controller (4) and the flywheel motor controller (9) are electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter (12), and the vehicle control unit (8) is in signal connection with the auxiliary DC/DC converter (12).
5. A flywheel power based fuel cell automotive powertrain system as in claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary energy storage assembly comprises a super capacitor (11), an auxiliary DC/DC converter (12) and a storage battery (15);
the super capacitor (11) is electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter (12), and the main drive motor controller (4) and the flywheel motor controller (9) are both electrically connected with the auxiliary DC/DC converter (12) and are both electrically connected with the storage battery (15);
the auxiliary DC/DC converter (12) is in signal connection with the vehicle control unit (8).
6. A flywheel-based power train as in any of claims 1-5 wherein: the flywheel powertrain (7) comprises:
the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear ring (701), a planetary gear (702), a planet carrier (703) and a sun gear (704), wherein an output shaft of the main driving motor (3) is in transmission connection with an input end of the planet carrier (703), and an output end of the planet carrier (703) is in transmission connection with an input end of an axle of a vehicle;
the flywheel (706) is in transmission connection with the gear ring (701);
a motor/generator (705), wherein a power output shaft of the motor/generator (705) is in transmission connection with the sun gear (704);
and a one-way clutch (707), the one-way clutch (707) being disposed on a transmission path of the ring gear (701) and the flywheel (706).
7. A flywheel power based fuel cell automotive powertrain system as in claim 6, wherein: the flywheel (706) is provided with a plurality of flywheels (706), and the flywheels (706) are in transmission connection with the gear ring (701).
8. A flywheel power based fuel cell automotive powertrain system as in claim 6, wherein: the output end of the planet carrier (703) is in transmission connection with the input end of the transmission, and the output end of the transmission is in transmission connection with the input end of an axle of the vehicle.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120212394.2U CN215204445U (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | Fuel cell automobile power assembly system based on flywheel power |
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| CN202120212394.2U CN215204445U (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | Fuel cell automobile power assembly system based on flywheel power |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112793431A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-14 | 常州海科新能源技术有限公司 | Fuel cell automobile power assembly system based on flywheel power |
| CN112793431B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2024-07-02 | 常州海科新能源技术有限公司 | Fuel cell automobile power assembly system based on flywheel power |
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2021
- 2021-01-26 CN CN202120212394.2U patent/CN215204445U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112793431A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-14 | 常州海科新能源技术有限公司 | Fuel cell automobile power assembly system based on flywheel power |
| CN112793431B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2024-07-02 | 常州海科新能源技术有限公司 | Fuel cell automobile power assembly system based on flywheel power |
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