CN215186335U - Multi-pair magnetic pole parallel motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-pair magnetic pole parallel motor, which comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor comprises at least two independent coils which are mutually independent; the stator comprises at least two pairs of magnet pairs consisting of a first magnet and a second magnet, at least two pairs of conductive ring pairs consisting of a positive conductive ring and a negative conductive ring, and the N pole of the first magnet and the S pole of the second magnet are respectively used for acting on electrified independent coils; each independent coil is provided with two power connection end points which are respectively used for alternately and electrically connecting the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring in the rotation process of the rotor, in one rotation period, at least two moments that the independent coils are mutually connected in parallel exist, the central angle of the track of each independent coil is less than or equal to 180 degrees and is not equal to 360/N, wherein N represents the logarithm of the conductive rings. The scheme can realize parallel work of all coils under the condition of multiple pairs of magnetic poles, and can realize full-time parallel work of all coils under certain conditions, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency of the motor.

Description

Multi-pair magnetic pole parallel motor

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the motor, especially, relate to a many to magnetic pole parallel motor of group.

Background

The motor comprises a brush motor and a brushless motor, wherein the brush motor is widely used in occasions with low requirements due to the advantages of stable performance, low manufacturing cost and the like.

The number of the coils of the brush motor is large or small, and generally, the larger the number of the coils is, the more stable the motor is, so that the common motor adopts a plurality of coil modes. In the prior art, in order to save winding cost and facilitate wiring, the coil angle of each coil is reduced, that is, the number of crossing over of the core slot/column of each coil on the core is reduced, when the coil angle is reduced to a certain number, the number of pairs of magnetic poles needs to be increased to satisfy the effect on the coil, for example, chinese patent discloses a dc brush motor and a cooling fan [ application number: CN202011160645.3], comprising a stator, a rotor and a brush assembly, the stator comprising a housing and 2n pairs of magnetic poles arranged inside the housing; the rotor comprises a rotating shaft, a hook-shaped commutator and a magnetizer which are fixed on the rotating shaft, and a winding group which is wound in the magnetizer and is electrically connected with a hook of the hook-shaped commutator; two hooks on the hook-type commutator, which are spaced by 180 degrees, are electrically connected through a conductor; the brush assembly is fixed relative to the housing and includes an insulating plate and n pairs of brushes fixed to the insulating plate.

The scheme solves the problems that for example, in the case that the number of the magnetic pole pairs is increased to be 2n pairs in order to reduce the using amount of the winding group copper wires, only n pairs are still needed for keeping the number of the brush pairs, and a simpler motor structure is used for realizing better effect. However, the above solutions still have some disadvantages, for example, in the above solutions, the brush and commutator concept is still used, the energization time of each coil still needs to be distributed by the commutator, the working time of each coil is limited, and parallel energization of all coils cannot be realized, which limits the working efficiency of the motor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at the above-mentioned problem, provide a many coils parallel motor with many conductive ring pairs.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

a multi-pair magnetic pole parallel motor comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor comprises at least two independent coils which are independent to each other;

the stator comprises at least two pairs of magnet pairs consisting of a first magnet and a second magnet, at least two pairs of conductive ring pairs consisting of a positive conductive ring and a negative conductive ring, and the N pole of the first magnet and the S pole of the second magnet are respectively used for acting on electrified independent coils;

each independent coil is provided with two power connection end points which are respectively used for alternately and electrically connecting the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring in the rotation process of the rotor, in one rotation period, at least two moments that the independent coils are mutually connected in parallel exist, the central angle of the track of each independent coil is less than or equal to 180 degrees and is not equal to 360/N, wherein N represents the logarithm of the conductive rings.

In the multi-pair-group magnetic pole parallel motor, at least three/four/five/six independent coils are connected in parallel in one rotation period;

in each rotation period, the time when at least two/three/four/five/six independent coils are connected in parallel is larger than 1/Z rotation period, and Z is equal to 2, 3, 4 or 5;

every positive conducting ring all includes positive effective section radian, and every negative conducting ring all includes negative effective section radian, and positive effective section radian and negative effective section radian circumference are arranged in turn, and have the vacancy radian between adjacent positive effective section radian and the negative effective section radian, and two orbit central angles that connect the electric end point to constitute of every independent coil all are greater than the vacancy radian.

In the multi-pair magnetic pole parallel motor, all the conducting rings are circumferentially and sequentially and uniformly distributed and have the same circle center, so that the positive effective section radian forms a positive conducting ring, and the negative effective section radian forms a negative conducting ring.

In the above-mentioned multiple pairs of parallel-connected pole machines, the central angle of the track is in the range of (360/2N) ± the threshold angle. The threshold angle may be 0, where the trajectory central angle is 90 degrees when there are two pairs of magnet pairs, and 60 degrees when there are three pairs of magnet pairs. The threshold angle may also be 10 degrees, 20 degrees, 30 degrees, etc., such as 10 degrees, with a range of 80-100 degrees for the central angle of the trajectory when there are two pairs of magnet pairs.

In the multi-pair magnetic pole parallel motor, the adjacent conducting rings are isolated by the insulating film so that the effective sections of the positive conducting rings and the negative conducting rings approach to zero.

In the multi-pair magnetic pole parallel motor, the independent coils are respectively formed by winding enameled wires on any two winding slots of the iron core, and each independent coil has the same number of winding slots; at this time, all the independent coils have the same or similar coil angle, and the coil angle refers to the angle occupied by the coils on the 360-degree circumference of the iron core;

alternatively, there are at least two groups of independent coils spanning different numbers of winding slots.

In the above-described multiple-pair-group magnetic pole parallel motor, the coil angle of each individual coil is within the range of (360/2N) ± a preset value. And the preset difference may be 60 degrees, 50 degrees, 30 degrees, 20 degrees, or the like.

In the multi-pair magnetic pole parallel motor, two pairs of magnet pairs and two pairs of conductive rings are included;

or three pairs of magnets and three pairs of conductive rings.

In the above-mentioned multiple pairs of parallel-connected magnetic pole motors, the first magnets 11 and the second magnets 12 are circumferentially and alternately arranged, and the pairs of magnets and the pairs of conductive rings are arranged in a one-to-one or circumferentially staggered manner.

In the multi-pair-group magnetic pole parallel motor, the independent coils are wound on the iron core at coil angles of 60 degrees, 90 degrees or 120 degrees, and the independent coils are circumferentially distributed on the iron core;

when the number of the coils is less than 360 per coil angle, the independent coils are circumferentially and sequentially distributed by taking the rotating shaft A as a central line;

when the number of the coils is 360 per coil angle, a plurality of independent coils are circumferentially overlapped and distributed by taking the rotating shaft A as a central line;

when the number of the coils is more than 360/coil angle, the plurality of independent coils are circumferentially overlapped and/or distributed in a crossed mode by taking the rotating shaft A as a center line.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the small-angle coil form is adopted, so that the winding cost can be saved, the purpose of convenient wiring is met, no electric brush is arranged, the number of the coils electrified at each moment is not limited by the number of the electric brushes, and all the coils can be electrified simultaneously;

through a certain setting mode, if the central angle of the effective section of the conducting ring approaches 90 degrees infinitely and the central angle of the track of the independent coil is 90 degrees, all the coils can be connected in parallel under an ideal condition;

the mode that a plurality of coils work in parallel at the same time is used for replacing the traditional mode that each coil is replaced in turn, so that the utilization rate of the coils is greatly improved, and the loss can be reduced on the premise of unchanged torque output;

through the independent coil that circumference distribution multiunit is comparatively intensive, make the effort distribution in magnetic field fill in the circumference of whole rotor, can effectively improve magnetic field force effect, guarantee that moment output is steady.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-pair-group magnetic pole parallel motor with three independent coils according to one embodiment;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the power connection terminals of three groups of 90-degree independent coils on the conductive ring according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of three independent coils on an iron core according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the power connection terminals of four groups of 90-degree independent coils on the conducting ring according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an effect diagram of a motor with four groups of 90-degree independent coils according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a prior art corner-type connection for a three-coil motor;

FIG. 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a prior art corner-type connection for a three-coil motor;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a prior art three-coil motor star connection;

FIG. 9 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a prior art three-coil motor star connection;

FIG. 10 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the arrangement shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a parallel motor with three pairs of magnetic poles and four independent coils according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the electrical terminals of four sets of 60-degree independent coils on the conductive ring according to the second embodiment.

Reference numerals: a magnet pair 1; a first magnet 11; a second magnet 12; a pair of conductive rings 2; a separate coil 3; the power connection terminal 31.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example one

The embodiment discloses a multi-pair-group magnetic pole parallel motor which comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the rotor comprises at least two independent coils which are independent from each other, such as three, four, five, six and the like;

the stator comprises at least two pairs of magnet pairs 1 consisting of first magnets 11 and second magnets 12, at least two pairs of conducting rings consisting of positive conducting rings and negative conducting rings, the first magnets 11 and the second magnets 12 are circumferentially and alternately arranged, and the positive conducting rings and the negative conducting rings are circumferentially and alternately arranged; and the N pole of the first magnet 11 and the S pole of the second magnet 12 are used to act on the energized independent coils, respectively;

each individual coil 3 has two electrical connection terminals for alternately electrically connecting the positive and negative conductive rings during rotation of the rotor, and there is a moment when at least two individual coils 3 are connected in parallel with each other in one rotation period, preferably a moment when at least two/three/four/five/six individual coils are connected in parallel with each other in one rotation period is greater than 1/Z rotation period, Z is equal to 2, 3, 4 or 5. The central angle of the trajectory of each individual coil 3 is less than or equal to 180 degrees and not equal to 360/N, where N represents the logarithm of the conducting loops. The concept of the trajectory center angle α is: the two electrical connection terminals 31 are located on the same plane perpendicular to the rotation axis a, and an included angle between the two electrical connection terminals 31 and the rotation axis a on the plane is a track central angle α. The conducting ring can be arranged on the parts, such as the motor shell, which do not rotate according to the needs, each electric connection end point can be fixed on the rotating shaft in any mode so as to stably slide and contact with the conducting ring in the rotating process, the limitation is not carried out, and the electric connection end points can realize electrification and reversing through sliding and contacting the upper surface, the lower surface, the inner surface or the outer surface of the conducting ring. In the embodiment, the electrical connection terminal 31 directly or indirectly contacts with the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring in a sliding manner during the rotation process to electrically connect with the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring.

It should be noted that the conductive ring/magnet may be a whole, or may be cut into two or more adjacent pieces, which is not limited herein.

In this embodiment, taking two pairs of magnets 1 and two pairs of conductive rings 2 as an example, the central angle of the track is less than 180 degrees, and the coil angle is less than or equal to 180 degrees. The angle the coil occupies on the 360 degree circumference of the core.

Specifically, every positive conducting ring all includes positive effective section radian, every negative conducting ring all includes negative effective section radian, and adjacent positive effective section radian and negative effective section radian between have the vacancy radian, every independent coil 3's two track central angle alpha that connect electric end point 31 to constitute all is greater than the vacancy radian, because connect the electric end point and be located vacancy arc department when, independent coil loses electricity, make the track central angle be greater than the vacancy radian and can guarantee that independent coil has at least a certain period to be the circular telegram at rotatory in-process.

Preferably, the positive conducting ring and the negative conducting ring have the same circle center, so that the positive effective section radian forms the positive conducting ring, the negative effective section radian forms the negative conducting ring, and all the conducting rings are circumferentially and sequentially and uniformly distributed.

Preferably, the track center angle is in the range of (360/2N) + -a threshold angle, which may be 20 degrees, 10 degrees or 5 degrees, such as when the threshold angle is 10 degrees, (360/2N) -10 track center angle ≦ 360/2N) +10, i.e., 80 track center angle ≦ 100. The selectable range of the track central angle is large, but the closer the track central angle is to 90 degrees, the longer the energization time of each independent coil is, and the higher the utilization rate of each independent coil is, so that when the coil is put into use, the track central angle is made as close to 90 degrees as possible under the condition of process and the like.

Further, each independent coil 3 is formed by winding an enameled wire on any two winding slots of the iron core, and each independent coil 3 spans the same number of winding slots, or at least two groups of independent coils 3 with different numbers of winding slots. Preferably, the same number of winding slots are spanned to maintain uniformity, so that the motor can be conveniently machined and manufactured, and the number of spanned winding slots influences the coil angle of the independent coil.

The coil angle of the independent coil is within the range of (360/2N) + -preset value, namely the range of 90 degrees-preset value is less than or equal to the coil angle and less than or equal to 90 degrees + preset value, the preset value can be 60 degrees, 50 degrees, 30 degrees, 20 degrees or 10 degrees, and when the preset value is 60 degrees, the coil angle is less than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 150 degrees. The closer the coil angle of the individual coil is to 90 degrees, the better the effect of the magnetic field on the coil, so that when put into use, the coil angle is made as close to 90 degrees as possible, as all conditions permit.

Preferably, the two conductive rings of this embodiment approach 90 degrees respectively, and they can be isolated by disposing an insulating film between the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring to ensure the energizing time of each independent coil as much as possible.

When independent coil all with the coil angle of 90 degrees around establishing on the iron core, a plurality of independent coils circumference distributes on the iron core, and sets up independent coil according to following mode:

when the number of the coils is less than 360 per coil angle, the independent coils are circumferentially and sequentially distributed by taking the rotating shaft A as a central line; as shown in fig. 2, when the coil angle is 90 degrees and the number of the independent coils 3 is three, the three independent coils 3 are circumferentially distributed in sequence, and preferably arranged as uniformly as possible. At this time, a three-slot iron core as shown in fig. 3 may be used, and an independent coil is wound on each iron core sheet, and the angle of the independent coil is close to 90 degrees.

When the number of the coils is 360 per coil angle, a plurality of independent coils are circumferentially overlapped and distributed by taking the rotating shaft A as a central line; as shown in fig. 4, when the coil angle is 90 degrees and the number of the independent coils is four, the four independent coils 3 are circumferentially overlapped and distributed, adjacent independent coils share one winding slot, L1 and L2 share one winding slot in fig. 4 and are overlapped in the shared winding slot, and L2 and L3 share one winding slot and are overlapped in the shared winding slot and are distributed in this way. The electrical connection terminals of adjacent independent coils can be the same or different, and are not limited herein. Such a circumferentially sequential overlapping distribution is also adopted for a 120-degree coil when three independent coils 3 are provided.

When the number of the coils is more than 360/coil angle, the plurality of independent coils are circumferentially overlapped and/or distributed in a crossed mode by taking the rotating shaft A as a center line.

In order to achieve the advantages of the present solution, the following comparative analysis is performed, taking fig. 2 as an example of three coils, and in the case of the conventional 3 coils, the winding connection mode is usually formed by the angle connection method as shown in fig. 6-7 and the star connection method as shown in fig. 8-9:

analysis under the same current:

triangular connection mode

Torque:

loss:

voltage:

star connection

Torque: t ═ C · i · 2 ═ 2 · C · i ═ C · i

Loss: p2 i²R

Voltage: u is 2Ri

Connection mode of the scheme

Torque:

loss:

voltage:

and (4) conclusion: under the condition of the same current, the current,

T_b<T_s<T_x

P_b<P_s<P_x

U_b<U_s<U_x

p is motor loss, T is motor torque, and C is a constant; r is resistance; u is a voltage; i is the current, the subscript "b" indicates the parameters of the present solution, the subscript "s" indicates the parameters of the prior art delta connection, and the subscript "x" indicates the parameters of the star connection.

(II) analysis under the same torque:

connection mode of the scheme

Torque:

deducing the current:

power consumption:

voltage:

in conclusion, at the same torque:

T_b＝T_s＝T_x

P_b<P_s<P_x

U_b<U_s<U_x

I_b>i_s>i_x

(III) analysis at the same Voltage

I.e. i_b＝2i_s＝6i_x

Torque: t is_b＝C·i_b

Power consumption:

(IV) in the case of equal power consumption

That is to say that the first and second electrodes,

torque:

voltage:

in conclusion, at the same power consumption:

T_b>T_s>T_x

U_b<U_s<U_x

I_b>i_s>i_x

the three coils are taken as an example, the more the coils are arranged, the more the advantages are obvious, and the analysis for more coils can be analogized, and the detailed description is omitted.

The scheme can achieve the purposes of saving winding cost and meeting the requirement of convenient wiring by adopting a small-angle coil form, saves the traditional form of electric brushes, ensures that the number of the electrified coils at each moment is not limited by the number of the electric brushes, and can realize the simultaneous electrification of all the coils;

through a certain arrangement mode, if the angle of the effective section of the conducting ring approaches 90 degrees infinitely, the coil angle and the track central angle of the independent coil are both 90 degrees, and all coils can be connected in parallel in full time under an ideal condition;

the mode that a plurality of coils work in parallel at the same time is used for replacing the traditional mode that each coil is replaced in turn, so that the utilization rate of the coils is greatly improved, and the loss can be reduced on the premise of unchanged torque output;

through the independent coil that circumference distribution multiunit is comparatively intensive, make the effort distribution in magnetic field fill in the circumference of whole rotor, can effectively improve magnetic field force effect, guarantee that moment output is steady.

Example two

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the present embodiment is similar to the present embodiment, except that the present embodiment has three pairs of conductive ring pairs 2 and three pairs of magnets 1, and at this time, the central angle of the track is less than or equal to 180 degrees and is not equal to 120 degrees.

In addition, the preferred angle of this embodiment is within 60 ± threshold angle range, and in actual production, the central angle of the trajectory is as close to 60 degrees as possible, and the coil angle is as close to 60 degrees as possible, so as to ensure the utilization rate of the independent coil as much as possible.

Further, the magnets 1 and the conductive rings 2 may be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, as shown in fig. 12, or may be circumferentially staggered, as shown in fig. 2.

The technical personnel in the field receive the inspiration of this application can combine together this application and prior art's motor coil setting mode, if with partial coil series connection, partial coil independent setting, or will be established ties the series connection coil that forms by the multiunit coil and regard as independent coil, then with modes such as independent coil each other parallelly connected, no matter which kind of mode, as long as applied this application independent coil each other parallelly connected thinking, all should be in the protection scope of this application.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Although magnet pair 1 is used more herein; a pair of conductive rings 2; independent coils 3, L1, L2, L3, L4; the terms electrical endpoint 31, a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2, d1, d2, etc., but do not exclude the possibility of using other terms. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed in a manner that is inconsistent with the spirit of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-pair magnetic pole parallel motor comprises a rotor and a stator, and is characterized in that the rotor comprises at least two independent coils which are independent of each other;

the stator comprises at least two pairs of magnet pairs consisting of a first magnet and a second magnet, at least two pairs of conductive ring pairs consisting of a positive conductive ring and a negative conductive ring, and the N pole of the first magnet and the S pole of the second magnet are respectively used for acting on electrified independent coils;

each independent coil is provided with two power connection end points which are respectively used for alternately and electrically connecting the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring in the rotation process of the rotor, in one rotation period, at least two moments that the independent coils are mutually connected in parallel exist, the central angle of the track of each independent coil is less than or equal to 180 degrees and is not equal to 360/N, wherein N represents the logarithm of the conductive rings.

2. The multiple pair-group magnetic pole parallel motor according to claim 1,

in one rotation period, at least three/four/five/six independent coils are connected in parallel;

in each rotation period, the time when at least two/three/four/five/six independent coils are connected in parallel is larger than 1/Z rotation period, and Z is equal to 2, 3, 4 or 5;

every positive conducting ring all includes positive effective section radian, and every negative conducting ring all includes negative effective section radian, and positive effective section radian and negative effective section radian circumference are arranged in turn, and have the vacancy radian between adjacent positive effective section radian and the negative effective section radian, the orbit central angle of every independent coil all is greater than the vacancy radian.

3. The multiple pair parallel motor of claim 2, wherein all the conducting rings are circumferentially and sequentially distributed uniformly and have the same center so that the positive effective section radians form positive conducting rings and the negative effective section radians form negative conducting rings.

4. A multiple pair-pole parallel motor according to claim 3, wherein the individual coils have a central angle of locus in the range of (360/2N) ± a threshold angle, the threshold angle being 0-30 degrees.

5. The multiple pair-paired magnetic pole parallel motor according to claim 4, wherein adjacent conductive rings are isolated from each other by an insulating film so that the positive conductive ring effective section and the negative conductive ring effective section are both close to zero.

6. A motor with multiple pairs of parallel-connected magnetic poles according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the independent coils are each formed by winding an enameled wire on any two winding slots of the iron core, and each independent coil spans the same number of winding slots, or at least two groups of independent coils with different numbers of winding slots exist.

7. A multiple pair-pole parallel motor according to claim 6, wherein the coil angle of each individual coil is within a range of (360/2N) ± a preset value, the preset value being 10-60 degrees.

8. The multiple pair-set parallel pole machine of claim 7, comprising two pairs of magnets and two pairs of conductive rings, or comprising three pairs of magnets and three pairs of conductive rings.

9. The electric machine of claim 8, wherein the magnets N and S are circumferentially arranged alternately, and the pairs of magnets and the pairs of conductive rings are arranged in a one-to-one or circumferentially staggered manner.

10. The multiple-pair-group magnetic pole parallel motor according to claim 8, wherein the independent coils are wound on the iron core at a coil angle of 60 degrees or 90 degrees, and the multiple independent coils are circumferentially distributed on the iron core;

when the number of the coils is less than 360 per coil angle, the independent coils are circumferentially and sequentially distributed by taking the rotating shaft A as a central line;

when the number of the coils is 360 per coil angle, a plurality of independent coils are circumferentially overlapped and distributed by taking the rotating shaft A as a central line;

when the number of the coils is more than 360/coil angle, the plurality of independent coils are circumferentially overlapped and/or distributed in a crossed mode by taking the rotating shaft A as a center line.

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