CN215184088U

CN215184088U - Fuel cell system suitable for low-temperature starting

Info

Publication number: CN215184088U
Application number: CN202120157284.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈新龙; 方蕾; 曹寅亮; 徐鹏杰; 林滨; 向德成; 徐乃涛; 徐淳川
Original assignee: Tianneng Battery Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tianneng Battery Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-20
Filing date: 2021-01-20
Publication date: 2021-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-20

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell system suitable for low temperature starts, including the fuel cell pile that has hydrogen entry and tail gas exhaust port to and provide the hydrogen source of hydrogen to the fuel cell pile, the hydrogen source is through first pipeline and hydrogen entry intercommunication, fuel cell system still includes the heating frame that is used for heating the fuel cell pile, the fuel cell pile is arranged in the heating frame, heating tube is arranged in the lateral wall of heating frame, the heating tube is provided with the catalyst that the catalysis hydrogen reacts the heat production with oxygen; the hydrogen source is communicated with the heating pipeline in the heating frame through a second pipeline; the tail gas discharge port of the fuel cell stack is provided with a tail gas discharge pipe, and a stack tail gas pipeline for introducing tail gas discharged by the fuel cell stack into the heating pipeline is arranged between the tail gas discharge pipe and the second pipeline. The utility model discloses utilize remaining hydrogen, oxygen to be fuel in air supply hydrogen and the galvanic pile tail gas through catalyst catalysis exothermic, the convenient utilization ratio height in fuel source need not to consume the electric quantity.

Description

Fuel cell system suitable for low-temperature starting

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fuel cell technical field, concretely relates to fuel cell system suitable for low temperature starts.

Background

Fuel cells have been the focus of research in various countries around the world due to their excellent performance, and have played a great role in power generation, mobile power supplies, and vehicle power supplies. The research on fuel cell automobiles is increasingly intensive, but the commercialization of the fuel cell automobiles still has the technical bottleneck problem, and how to improve the low-temperature starting performance is one of the key problems.

When the temperature within the fuel cell is below freezing, water produced by operation of the fuel cell may freeze. If the water in the catalyst layer freezes before the temperature in the cell rises to zero, the electrochemical reaction will be stopped by the ice-sealing of the reaction region, and the formation of ice may cause serious damage to the structure of the membrane electrode assembly due to volume expansion.

Most existing fuel cell systems require auxiliary methods such as auxiliary power heating, media heating, hot gas purging, etc. for cold start-up. The existing auxiliary power supply heating mode often has the problems of overlong cold start time and overlarge electric quantity consumption.

As disclosed in patent specification No. CN206697554U, an auxiliary device for low-temperature start-up of a fuel cell includes a fuel cell stack, an electric heating device, a main fan, a housing, a circulation fan and a circulation air passage; the fuel cell stack is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is used for introducing air into a cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the air outlet is used for discharging waste gas generated by the fuel cell stack; the electric heating device is arranged at the air inlet of the fuel cell stack and used for heating air around the air inlet; this scheme adopts the mode of auxiliary power source heating, need consume a large amount of electric energy.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The fuel cell system suitable for low temperature starts utilizes remaining hydrogen, oxygen in air supply hydrogen and the galvanic pile tail gas to be fuel through catalyst catalysis, and the reaction is exothermic, and fuel source is convenient, and the high-usage, galvanic pile intensifies rapidly evenly, need not to consume the electric quantity.

A fuel cell system adapted for low-temperature startup, comprising a fuel cell stack having a hydrogen inlet and a tail gas discharge port, and a hydrogen source for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen source being in communication with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack through a first conduit, characterized in that: the fuel cell system also comprises a heating frame for heating the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack is arranged in the heating frame, a heating pipeline is arranged in the side wall of the heating frame, and a catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to generate heat is arranged in the heating pipeline; the hydrogen source is communicated with the heating pipeline in the heating frame through a second pipeline;

the tail gas exhaust port of the fuel cell stack is provided with a tail gas exhaust pipe, and a stack tail gas pipeline for introducing tail gas exhausted by the fuel cell stack into the heating pipeline is arranged between the tail gas exhaust pipe and the second pipeline.

The scheme utilizes residual hydrogen and oxygen in the gas source hydrogen and the pile tail gas as fuel to react and release heat through the catalyst, the fuel source required by the exothermic reaction is convenient, the utilization rate is high, the temperature rise is rapid and uniform, and other energy sources are not consumed.

Preferably, the second pipeline is provided with a first temperature control valve for controlling the hydrogen to be introduced into the heating pipeline.

Preferably, the stack tail gas pipeline is provided with a second temperature control valve for controlling the tail gas discharged by the fuel cell stack to flow into the heating pipeline.

The design of temperature control valve has guaranteed when reaching the settlement temperature that the valve is closed, does not take place exothermic reaction in the heating frame, and only under low temperature environment, the valve is opened, takes place exothermic reaction in the heating frame, controls according to the actual temperature condition, helps the energy saving.

Preferably, the catalyst is platinum alumina catalyst particles.

Preferably, the heating pipeline is bent back and forth and arranged in the side wall of the heating frame, so that the heat release area of the heating frame is increased, and the temperature rise speed of the galvanic pile is increased.

Preferably, the heating pipeline is further provided with a heating frame tail gas pipeline, the heating frame tail gas pipeline is communicated with a tail gas discharge pipe of the fuel cell stack, and the joint is located on the tail gas discharge pipe and is communicated with the downstream of the stack tail gas pipeline.

The utility model has the advantages that:

(1) the hydrogen of the gas source and the residual hydrogen and oxygen in the tail gas of the galvanic pile are used as fuel to be catalyzed and released by the catalyst, so that the fuel source is convenient, the utilization rate is high, the temperature of the galvanic pile is rapidly and uniformly raised, and the electric quantity does not need to be consumed.

(2) Through increasing the temperature control valve, control the exothermic reaction in the electric heat frame according to the actual temperature condition, help the energy saving.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, a fuel cell system suitable for low-temperature start-up includes a fuel cell stack 1 having a hydrogen inlet and a tail gas discharge port, a heating frame 2 for heating the fuel cell stack 1, and a hydrogen source 3 for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 1, the hydrogen source 3 being in communication with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack 1 through a first pipe 4.

The fuel cell stack 1 is arranged in the heating frame 2, a pipe heating channel 21 is arranged in the side wall of the heating frame 2, the hydrogen source 3 is communicated with the heating channel 21 in the heating frame 2 through a second pipeline 5, and a catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to generate heat is arranged in the heating channel 21. The hydrogen reacts with the oxygen to release heat, and heats the fuel cell stack 1.

A tail gas discharge port of the fuel cell stack 1 is provided with a tail gas discharge pipe 9, and a stack tail gas pipeline 6 for introducing the tail gas discharged by the fuel cell stack 1 into the heating pipeline 21 is arranged between the tail gas discharge pipe and the second pipeline 5.

The second pipeline 5 is provided with a first temperature control valve for controlling the introduction of hydrogen into the heating pipeline 21; a second temperature control valve for controlling tail gas discharged by the fuel cell stack 1 to flow into the heating pipeline 21 is arranged on the stack tail gas pipeline 6; the first temperature control valve and the second temperature control valve have the same structure, and the preset temperatures are the same; when the temperature reaches the preset value of the temperature control valve 7, the valve is closed, and when the temperature is lower than the preset value, the valve is opened, so that the heat release reaction condition in the pipeline 21 is controlled according to the temperature environment.

In order to increase the heating area of the heating frame 2 and increase the heating speed of the fuel cell stack 1, the heating pipe 21 is bent back and forth in the side wall of the heating frame 1, and since the structure is designed to be conventional, only the cross section of the pipe 21 is shown in fig. 1.

Heating tube 21 still is equipped with heating frame tail gas pipeline 8, and heating frame tail gas pipeline 8 communicates fuel cell pile 1's tail gas discharge pipe 9, and the junction lies in the low reaches of intercommunication pile tail gas pipeline 6 on tail gas discharge pipe 9, makes things convenient for the unified emission of tail gas.

The utility model discloses a working process:

when the temperature reaches the preset temperature of the temperature control valve 7, the valve is closed, at the moment, the hydrogen of the gas source and the tail gas discharged by the fuel cell stack 1 can not be heated in the heating pipeline 21 of the heating frame 2, that is, heat release is not performed, when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature of the temperature control valve 7, the valve is opened, at this time, the hydrogen gas of the hydrogen gas source 1 is introduced into the heating pipe 21 of the heating frame 2 through the second pipe 5, meanwhile, the tail gas generated by the fuel cell stack 1 is also fed into the feeding pipe 21 of the heating frame 2 through the stack tail gas pipe 6, under the catalytic action of the catalyst in the heating pipeline 21, the hydrogen and the oxygen react to release heat, the fuel cell stack 1 is heated, so that residual hydrogen and oxygen in tail gas are fully utilized, and finally the tail gas generated by the fuel cell stack 1 and the tail gas generated in the heating frame 2 are discharged through a tail gas discharge pipe 9.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system adapted for low-temperature startup, comprising a fuel cell stack having a hydrogen inlet and a tail gas discharge port, and a hydrogen source for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen source being in communication with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack through a first conduit, characterized in that: the fuel cell system also comprises a heating frame for heating the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack is arranged in the heating frame, a heating pipeline is arranged in the side wall of the heating frame, and a catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to generate heat is arranged in the heating pipeline; the hydrogen source is communicated with the heating pipeline in the heating frame through a second pipeline;

2. The fuel cell system adapted for low-temperature startup according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the second pipeline is provided with a first temperature control valve for controlling the hydrogen to be introduced into the heating pipeline.

3. The fuel cell system adapted for low-temperature startup according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a second temperature control valve for controlling tail gas discharged by the fuel cell stack to flow into the heating pipeline is arranged on the stack tail gas pipeline.

4. The fuel cell system adapted for low-temperature startup according to claim 1, characterized in that: the catalyst is platinum alumina catalyst particles.

5. The fuel cell system adapted for low-temperature startup according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating pipeline is bent back and forth and arranged in the side wall of the heating frame.

6. The fuel cell system adapted for low-temperature startup according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating pipeline is also provided with a heating frame tail gas pipeline which is communicated with a tail gas discharge pipe of the fuel cell stack, and the joint is positioned on the tail gas discharge pipe and communicated with the downstream of the stack tail gas pipeline.