CN215183736U - Single-coil energy-saving control circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of relays and contactors, in particular to a single-coil energy-saving control circuit applied to a relay or a contactor. Including input and protection module, the power module, single coil control module, singlechip drive control module, through adopting the modularized design, circuit structure is simple, in the aspect of function extension, adopt digital mode control analog circuit, only can realize new function through software programming, adopt digital mode's singlechip control technique, design suitable circuit and singlechip internal program algorithm, make single coil structure relay or contactor also can realize energy-conserving operation, realize real-time dynamic energy-saving control, the flexibility ratio of product structural design has been improved, greatly reduced the design degree of difficulty and cost, the product realizes the miniaturization, light-weighted, energy-saving and material-saving, and the efficiency is improved.

Description

Single-coil energy-saving control circuit

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of relays and contactors, in particular to an energy-saving control circuit applied to an energy-saving single coil relay or contactor.

Background

The existing common relay or contactor is only provided with one coil inside, so the common relay or contactor is called a single-coil relay or contactor, the resistance value of the coil is fixed when the relay or contactor works, the current and the power consumption are fixed values, the power consumption is zero when the relay or contactor is disconnected, the contact state of the relay or contactor is changed, and the energy-saving purpose of the coil of the relay or contactor cannot be realized during the work. The existing relay or contactor with partial single coils is internally added with a solid-state time delay control electronic circuit, and the main purpose of the relay or contactor is that an output contact realizes the function of logical on-off in a certain time sequence under the condition that the input end of the relay or contactor is continuously electrified.

The conventional dual-coil energy-saving control circuit mainly has the following two disadvantages in practical application:

1. the energy-saving relay or contactor has large volume and cannot realize products with small volume structures;

2. the energy-saving circuit has the advantages of high structural design difficulty, single working time sequence, simple functional state, complex debugging process and complex working point setting realization, and the debugging circuit needs to be redesigned when the volume or the power consumption requirement or the coil parameter is limited.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application provides a single-coil energy-saving control circuit, including an input and protection module, configured to rectify, filter, and prevent surge for an input power supply, and output a signal VCC; the power supply module is connected with the output end of the input and protection module and is used for converting a signal VCC into a constant voltage power supply signal VDD; a single-coil control module: the coil is used for controlling the start and the stop of the coil according to a certain time sequence or electrical conditions, so that energy-saving control is realized; and the singlechip drive control module is connected with the power supply module and the single-coil control module and is used for controlling the single-coil control module to start the coil at low power consumption.

Preferably, the input and protection module includes a power input terminal IN +, a power output terminal V _ COIL +, a power output terminal VCC, a transient suppression diode TVS, a full-bridge rectifier BD, a magnetic bead L1, a magnetic bead L2, and a capacitor C1; one end of magnetic bead L1 and L2 respectively with power input end IN + connect with ground, transient suppression diode TVS with the one end of full bridge rectifier BD output with magnetic bead L1 connects, the other end with magnetic bead L2 connects the back ground connection, the output end one end of full bridge rectifier BD pass through magnetic bead L3 with power output end VCC with electric capacity C1 connects, the other end of the output of full bridge rectifier BD passes through magnetic bead L4 to be connected with D _ GND.

Preferably, the single-COIL control module includes a COIL HC and an MOS transistor Q3 connected in series, one end of the COIL HC is connected to the power output terminal V _ COIL +, the other end of the COIL HC is connected to a drain of the MOS transistor Q3, and a gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer drive control module.

Preferably, the input and protection module further includes a voltage monitoring circuit, and the voltage monitoring circuit is connected to the output end of the full-bridge rectifier BD and outputs a real-time analog voltage signal T1.

Preferably, the single chip microcomputer drive control module comprises a PIC single chip microcomputer, an ADC port and a PWM output port are built in the PIC single chip microcomputer, and a port 1 of the PIC single chip microcomputer is connected with the power supply module; an ADC port of the PIC singlechip is connected with the analog voltage signal T1, and outputs a PWM voltage signal T2 with certain frequency and duty ratio in PWM; the PWM output port is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q3, and the MOS tube is continuously switched on and off at a high frequency.

Preferably, the single coil control module further comprises a bleed circuit connected in parallel with the coil HC.

Preferably, the bleeder circuit includes a zener diode and an anti-parallel diode, one end of the zener diode is connected to one end of the coil HC, the other end of the zener diode is connected to one end of the anti-parallel diode, and the other end of the anti-parallel diode is connected to the other end of the coil HC.

Preferably, the power supply module comprises a DC/DC converter; the input end of the DC/DC converter is connected with the power supply output end VCC, and the output end of the DC/DC converter outputs the constant voltage power supply signal VDD; and the port 1 of the PIC singlechip is connected with the constant voltage power supply signal VDD.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: the utility model discloses the scheme is under the condition that reduces the volume, and for realizing the energy-conserving and control circuit who designs, adopts singlechip PWM control technique, realizes the real-time dynamic's of relay or contactor of single coil structure coil energy-saving control, and the miniaturization is realized to relay or contactor product, and the lightweight, energy-conserving material saving raises the efficiency. And the design difficulty of the circuit structure is reduced, and the circuit debugging process and the working point setting process are effectively simplified.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-coil energy-saving control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an input and protection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a driving control module of the single chip microcomputer according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a single-coil control module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the routine procedure of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

For further understanding of the invention, its features and effects, the following examples are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description:

in order to solve the above technical problem, this embodiment provides a single-coil energy-saving control circuit, as shown in fig. 1, which includes an input and protection module 1, a power module 2, a single-chip microcomputer drive control module 3, and a single-coil control module 4, where the input and protection module 1 is configured to rectify, filter, and prevent surge of an externally input power, the externally input power is processed by the input and protection module 1 to serve as a power signal VCC available to the power module 2 and the single-coil control module 4, the power module 2 is connected to an output end of the input and protection module 1 and converts the signal VCC into a constant voltage power signal VDD, the single-coil control module 4 is connected to the output end power signal VCC of the input and protection module 1, an MOS transistor of the single-coil control module 4 serves as a switching device for controlling turn-on and turn-off of a coil to generate electromagnetic force and demagnetization, thereby realizing contact closing and turn-off, the single chip microcomputer drive control module 3 is connected with MOS tube switching devices of the power supply module 2 and the single coil control module 4, PWM waveforms with certain frequency and duty ratio are output through the single chip microcomputer drive control module 3, the MOS tubes of the single coil control module 4 are controlled to be switched on and switched off with certain frequency, duty ratio and pulse width through the PWM waveforms, and therefore the relay or contactor coil connected with the MOS tubes in series is enabled to work in a low power consumption state, and contact closing and contact opening of the relay or contactor are driven. This control circuit is applicable to the relay or the contactor of little volume structure, only through 1 coil construction and energy-conserving circuit alright realize the coil energy-saving control of relay or contactor, realizes that the product is miniaturized, the lightweight, and energy-conserving material saving improves efficiency.

Specifically, as shown IN fig. 2, the input and protection module 1 includes a positive input terminal IN +, a power output terminal VCC outputting a signal VCC, a power output terminal V _ COIL +, a transient suppression diode TVS, a full-bridge rectifier BD, a magnetic bead L1, a magnetic bead L2, and a capacitor C1; one end of magnetic bead L1 and magnetic bead L2 is connected with power input end IN + and ground respectively, and the one end and the magnetic bead L1 of transient suppression diode TVS and full-bridge rectifier BD are connected, and the other end is connected the back ground connection with magnetic bead L2, and full-bridge rectifier BD's output one end is passed through magnetic bead L3 and power output VCC with electric capacity C1 connects, and the other end of full-bridge rectifier BD's output is passed through magnetic bead L4 and is connected with D _ GND. The module realizes the anti-surge voltage, rectification and filtering of input power signals through 4 magnetic beads such as a transient suppression diode TVS, a full-bridge rectifier BD, an L1, an L2, an L3 and an L4 and a capacitor C1 device. Meanwhile, the input and protection module 1 further comprises a voltage monitoring circuit, the voltage monitoring circuit is connected with the output end of the full-bridge rectifier BD, and the voltage monitoring circuit outputs a real-time analog voltage signal T1 after voltage division is performed through resistors R1 and R2.

Further, in order to convert the signal VCC into the constant voltage power signal VDD, as shown in fig. 3, the power module 2 includes a DC/DC converter, an input end of the DC/DC converter is connected to the power output end VCC, the signal VCC output by the input and protection module 1 is used as an input of the DC/DC converter, the DC signals VCC with different voltage values are converted into the constant voltage power signal VDD through the DC/DC converter with a wide voltage range and an external configuration circuit thereof, and the constant voltage power signal VDD is used as a working voltage of the single chip microcomputer driving control module 3. The power supply circuit of the module comprises but is not limited to a voltage-stabilized power supply circuit formed by DC/DC chips such as BUCK, BOST or BUCK-BOST and the like and devices such as resistors, capacitors and the like configured on the DC/DC chips.

As shown in fig. 4, the single chip microcomputer driving and controlling module 3 includes a PIC single chip microcomputer, an ADC port and a PWM output port are built in the PIC single chip microcomputer, the ADC port corresponds to port 2 in the drawing, the PWM output port corresponds to port 5 in the drawing, port 1 of the PIC single chip microcomputer is connected to a constant voltage power signal VDD, the ADC port of the PIC single chip microcomputer is connected to an analog voltage signal T1, in an algorithm of an internal program of the PIC single chip microcomputer, a duty ratio of a PWM register is a data operation result performed after the ADC port monitors an input analog voltage signal T1, the analog voltage signal T1 is converted into a digital voltage signal T2, and the digital voltage signal T2 is output at the PWM output port, and the PWM output port is connected to a gate of the MOS transistor Q3. The digital voltage signal T2 output by the PWM output port is a high level or low level signal with a certain frequency and a certain duty ratio, and further controls the gate voltage of the MOS transistor Q3.

In order to realize that the electrified COIL generates electromagnetic force to drive the relay or the contactor to close, as shown in fig. 5, the single-COIL control module 4 includes a COIL HC and an MOS transistor Q3 which are connected in series, one end of the COIL HC is connected with the power output end V _ COIL +, the other end of the COIL HC is connected with the drain of the MOS transistor Q3, the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected with the PWM output port of the single-chip microcomputer drive control module 3, and the COIL HC generates electromagnetic force under the electrified condition to attract or maintain the attracted state of the relay or the contactor contact. The N-type triode and the P-type triode can be used as a switching device instead of a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, but the circuit structure needs to be configured according to the switching circuit structure of the corresponding switching device.

In addition to the above-mentioned electronic circuit hardware structure connection and configuration, in this circuit structure, the single chip microcomputer has a program part of software inside, as shown in fig. 6, in the PIC single chip microcomputer control program, the program flow is divided into 2 stages: a start phase and B hold phase. As shown in fig. 6, in two stages, the program always has the processing processes of dynamic voltage monitoring, overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection state protection, dynamic power adjustment, and abnormal voltage. The specific process is as follows: in the A starting stage, detecting the power supply voltage and judging whether the power supply voltage is greater than a set starting voltage, if the power supply voltage is in an undervoltage state, namely the power supply voltage is less than the set starting voltage, keeping the power supply voltage in a turn-off state, continuously and circularly detecting the power supply voltage until the power supply voltage reaches the set starting voltage, and further detecting whether the power supply voltage is greater than a set maximum working voltage; if the voltage is not greater than the set maximum working voltage, namely the voltage is within the working voltage range, calculating PWM frequency and duty ratio and power-on delay time of a PWM waveform by a certain algorithm to ensure that the relay contact can be reliably closed within the voltage frequency, the duty ratio and the delay time, and outputting a square wave driving signal by a PWM port to enable a coil to be powered on and started at a certain frequency and duty ratio; and after the time delay is finished, the contact of the relay or the contactor is completely closed at the moment, and the B holding stage is entered. And (3) detecting the power supply voltage again in the B holding stage, if the power supply voltage is less than the minimum turn-off voltage, turning off all the on-off signals, if the voltage is normal, recalculating the frequency and the duty ratio of the PWM square wave in the holding stage, outputting the frequency and the duty ratio to a PWM port, and then repeatedly circulating in the holding stage until the power supply is powered off. The power supply can realize dynamic voltage monitoring, abnormal characteristic detection and strong power regulation capability under the condition of complex external characteristics of the power supply.

Specifically, in the starting stage, an ADC port of the PIC single-chip microcomputer receives the analog voltage signal T1, and the PWM output port outputs a voltage signal with a certain duty ratio to the gate of the MOS transistor Q3, so that the two ends of the MOS transistor DS are cyclically switched on or off at the frequency of the PWM square wave waveform, and the signal V _ COIL + is loaded on the COIL HC of the relay or the contactor at the frequency and the duty ratio of the PWM square wave.

In each period of the PWM square wave signal, when the output is at the high level, the MOS transistor Q3 turns on the relay or contactor coil HC to get power (with power consumption), the coil HC establishes a magnetic field, so that the iron core of the relay or contactor generates a suction force to push the relay or contactor contact to move continuously in the closing direction, the high level ends to enter the low level stage, the MOS transistor Q3 turns off, the coil HC loses power (without power consumption) and enters the demagnetizing state, but due to the residual magnetism of the coil magnetic field, the demagnetizing circuit needs a certain time to reduce the magnetic force of the coil HC to zero, when the demagnetization is not completed, the iron core of the relay or contactor has a certain magnetic force and pushes the contact to keep the original moving state, and continues to move in the closing direction. When the remanence of the coil HC reaches a certain state, the PWM square wave enters the next cycle at the moment, the high level is input again, the MOS tube Q3 is conducted to electrify the coil HC, the coil HC establishes a magnetic field again to enable the iron core to push the contact to move towards the closing direction, then the contact is disconnected again, and the cycle is repeated for multiple times until the iron core pushes the contact to reach the limited position, so that the contact is closed.

In the starting stage, no matter the PWM square wave signal is at a high level or a low level, the relay or the contactor coil HC has magnetic force, and the iron core can push the contact to move towards the closed state. The process completes the switching from the contact opening state to the contact closing state under the starting state of the relay or the contactor. Furthermore, when the square wave is at a high level, the coil HC generates power consumption, and when the square wave is at a low level, the coil HC does not generate power consumption, but residual magnetism of the coil HC after power failure still enables the coil HC to generate acting force for pushing the contact of the relay or the contactor to be attracted, the circuit mechanism has the function of reducing the power consumption, compared with the power consumption under continuous energization, the PWM technology can reduce the power consumption of the coil to any value within the range of 0-99% under continuous energization, the proportion of the reduced power consumption depends on the duty ratio of the PWM square wave, and further the state (attraction or maintenance) of the contact of the coil HC of the relay or the contactor is not changed through the PWM technology, so that certain power consumption reduction capability is realized.

It should be noted that, the premise of implementing single-coil energy saving by the PWM technology is as follows: the frequency of the square wave of the PWM is a high-frequency signal (more than 10 kHz), namely the period of the PWM square wave is far shorter than the time for demagnetizing the coil HC of the relay or the contactor under the condition of power failure, so that the coil HC always keeps the magnetic force for pushing the contact of the relay or the contactor to pull in.

After the starting stage lasts for a certain time, after the contacts are closed, the single chip microcomputer adjusts the duty ratio of the output high-frequency square wave based on an analog voltage signal T1 monitored by an ADC port at the moment, the PWM port of the single chip microcomputer is lower than the duty ratio during starting, in each square wave period, the power-on time and the power-off time of a coil HC of the relay or the contactor are shorter, the coil HC depends on the residual magnetism after the power-on and the power-off of the lower duty ratio, the holding force required by the closing of the contacts of the relay or the contactor is met, and the relay or the contactor enters a holding state with lower power consumption.

In the disconnection stage, after the input end of the relay or the contactor is powered off, the coil HC has no electromagnetic force, and the contact of the relay or the contactor is switched from the closed state to the open state under the pushing of the counter force spring, so that the contact is disconnected.

In order to achieve the effect of suppressing the coil from generating a reverse voltage, the single-coil control module 4 further includes a bleed-off circuit connected in parallel with the coil HC. The leakage circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing diode D1 and an anti-parallel diode D2, one end of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with one end of the coil HC, the other end of the voltage stabilizing diode D3526 is connected with one end of the anti-parallel diode D2, the other end of the anti-parallel diode D2 is connected with the other end of the coil HC, the leakage circuit plays a role of restraining reverse voltage generated by a coil of the relay or the contactor when the coil is powered off, the reverse voltage is restrained by the circuit through the voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the anti-parallel diode D2, the turn-off time of contacts of the relay or the contactor can be reduced, arcing generated by rebound of the contacts when the contacts are disconnected is reduced, and the service life of the relay or the contactor is prolonged.

To sum up, the utility model discloses the scheme realizes energy-conservingly and the control circuit who designs under the condition that does not increase the volume, adopts singlechip PWM control technique, realizes the real-time dynamic's of relay or contactor of single coil structure coil energy-saving control, and the miniaturization is realized to relay or contactor product, lightweight, energy-conserving material saving, raises the efficiency. The design difficulty of the delay circuit structure is reduced, and the circuit debugging process and the working point setting process are effectively simplified.

The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the above-described embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution.

Claims (8)

1. A single-coil energy-saving control circuit is characterized in that: the device comprises an input and protection module: the power supply output circuit is used for rectifying, filtering and preventing surge protection of an input power supply and outputting a signal VCC; a power supply module: the input and protection module is connected with the output end of the input and protection module and used for converting the signal VCC into a constant voltage power supply signal VDD; a single-coil control module: taking a signal VCC as the working voltage of the coil, controlling the coil to be electrified to generate electromagnetic force or switching off the coil; the singlechip drives the control module: and the constant voltage power supply signal VDD output by the power supply module is used as a power supply and is connected with the power supply module and the single-coil control module and used for controlling the single-coil control module.

2. The single-coil power-saving control circuit of claim 1, wherein: the input and protection module comprises a power input end IN +, a power output end VCC, a power output end V _ COIL +, a transient suppression diode TVS, a full-bridge rectifier BD, a magnetic bead L1, a magnetic bead L2 and a capacitor C1; the one end of magnetic bead L1 and magnetic bead L2 respectively with power input end IN + connects with ground, transient suppression diode TVS with the one end of full bridge rectifier BD input with magnetic bead L1 connects, the other end with magnetic bead L2 connects the back ground connection, the output one end of full bridge rectifier BD pass through magnetic bead L3 with power output VCC and electric capacity C1 connects, the other end of full bridge rectifier BD's output passes through magnetic bead L4 to be connected with D _ GND.

3. The single-coil power-saving control circuit of claim 2, wherein: the single-COIL control module comprises a COIL HC and an MOS tube Q3 which are connected in series, one end of the COIL HC is connected with the power output end V _ COIL +, the other end of the COIL HC is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q3, and the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q3 is connected with the single-chip microcomputer drive control module.

4. The single-coil power-saving control circuit of claim 3, wherein: the input and protection module further comprises a voltage monitoring circuit, and the voltage monitoring circuit is connected with the output end of the full-bridge rectifier BD and outputs a real-time analog voltage signal T1.

5. The single-coil power-saving control circuit of claim 4, wherein: the single chip microcomputer drive control module comprises a PIC single chip microcomputer, an ADC port and a PWM output port are arranged in the PIC single chip microcomputer, and a port 1 of the PIC single chip microcomputer is connected with the power supply module; an ADC port of the PIC singlechip is connected with the analog voltage signal T1, and a PWM voltage signal T2 with certain frequency and duty ratio is output at a PWM output port; the PWM output port is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS transistor Q3.

6. The single-coil power-saving control circuit of claim 3, wherein: the single coil control module further comprises a bleed circuit connected in parallel with the coil HC.

7. The single-coil power-saving control circuit of claim 6, wherein: the leakage loop comprises a voltage stabilizing diode D1 and an anti-parallel diode D2, one end of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with one end of the coil HC, the other end of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with one end of the anti-parallel diode D2, and the other end of the anti-parallel diode D2 is connected with the other end of the coil HC.

8. The single-coil power-saving control circuit of claim 5, wherein: the power module comprises a DC/DC converter; the input end of the DC/DC converter is connected with the power supply output end VCC, and the output end of the DC/DC converter outputs the constant voltage power supply signal VDD; and the port 1 of the PIC singlechip is connected with the constant voltage power supply signal VDD.

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