CN215181505U

CN215181505U - Direct current fan driving and controlling circuit

Info

Publication number: CN215181505U
Application number: CN202121412343.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴强; 唐博; 张天浩
Original assignee: AVIC Shenyang Xinghua Aero Electrical Appliance Co Ltd
Current assignee: AVIC Shenyang Xinghua Aero Electrical Appliance Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-24
Filing date: 2021-06-24
Publication date: 2021-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-24

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of control, a direct current fan drive and control circuit, including singlechip, machine controller, isolation drive circuit, three-phase contravariant bridge, position detection circuit, rotational speed regulating circuit and DC power supply module, the singlechip is connected with machine controller, the output of machine controller is connected with isolation drive circuit, the output of drive isolation circuit is connected with three-phase contravariant bridge, the output of three-phase contravariant bridge feeds back the signal to machine controller, the singlechip is used for controlling the slow start and control rotational speed of direct current fan through controlling machine controller, the isolation drive circuit includes three optical couplers, three-phase contravariant bridge has six field effect tubes, the drive isolation circuit is used for driving and isolating field effect tubes, the position detection circuit is connected with machine controller, the position detection circuit is used for acquiring the rotor position information of the direct current fan. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure and the like.

Description

Direct current fan driving and controlling circuit

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a control technology field, concretely relates to direct current fan drive and control circuit.

Background

The direct current fan is mainly used for ventilation and heat dissipation on equipment and is widely applied to various industries. As a driving circuit of the core of the dc fan, more efforts are required to develop a new driving and controlling circuit, so as to ensure stable and reliable operation thereof. The driving isolation circuit in the prior art uses a driving chip, and the circuit is relatively complex and has high cost.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the above problem, the utility model provides a direct current fan drive and control circuit, it has drive circuit simple structure, the advantage of easily controlling.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a direct current fan driving and controlling circuit comprises a single chip microcomputer, a motor controller, an isolation driving circuit, a three-phase inverter bridge, a position detecting circuit, a rotating speed adjusting circuit and a direct current power supply module, wherein the single chip microcomputer is connected with the motor controller, the output end of the motor controller is connected with the isolation driving circuit, the output end of the driving isolating circuit is connected with the three-phase inverter bridge, the output end of the three-phase inverter bridge feeds back signals to the motor controller, the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the slow start and the rotating speed control of a direct current fan by controlling the motor controller, the isolation driving circuit comprises three optical couplers, the three-phase inverter bridge is provided with six field effect tubes, the driving isolating circuit is used for driving and isolating the field effect tubes, the position detecting circuit is connected with the motor controller, and the position detecting circuit is used for collecting rotor position information of the direct current fan, the rotating speed adjusting circuit is connected with a motor controller, and the motor controller is used for outputting a control signal for controlling the field effect tube to be opened and closed according to the rotor position information output by the position detecting circuit.

Preferably, the dc power supply module includes an EMI filter circuit, an anti-reverse circuit, and an anti-surge circuit.

Preferably, the EMI filter circuit includes a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C12, and a capacitor C15, the capacitor C12 and the capacitor C15 form a common mode capacitor for suppressing a common mode interference signal in the circuit, the capacitor C1, the capacitor C2, and the capacitor C3 are differential mode capacitors for suppressing a differential mode interference signal in the circuit, and the dc power supply module is configured to provide dc power to the dc fan driving and controlling circuit.

Preferably, the rotating speed regulating circuit comprises a capacitor C24 and a resistor R20, and the capacitor C24 and the resistor R20 form an RC filter circuit, which is used for converting the PWM signal output by the singlechip into an analog signal and transmitting the analog signal to the motor controller.

Preferably, the single chip microcomputer adopts PIC16F 690.

Use the utility model discloses a beneficial effect is: the utility model discloses the practicality uses the optical coupler to replace drive chip, practices thrift isolation drive circuit's cost, makes drive circuit simple structure, easily controls, but the wide application sets up EMI filter circuit in the direct current power supply module in the three-phase direct current fan circuit of star type connection, restraines common mode and differential mode signal, provides stable direct current.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of the present invention in which a motor controller is connected to an isolation driving circuit, a three-phase inverter bridge, and a rotation speed adjusting circuit;

fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the dc power supply module of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a single chip microcomputer according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the position detection circuit according to the present invention;

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a dc fan driving and controlling circuit is characterized in that: the system comprises a single chip microcomputer, a motor controller, an isolation driving circuit, a three-phase inverter bridge, a position detection circuit, a rotating speed regulation circuit and a direct current power supply module, wherein the single chip microcomputer is connected with the motor controller, the output end of the motor controller is connected with the isolation driving circuit, the output end of the driving isolation circuit is connected with the three-phase inverter bridge, the output end of the three-phase inverter bridge feeds signals back to the motor controller, the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the slow start and the rotating speed control of a direct current fan by controlling the motor controller, the isolation driving circuit comprises three optical couplers, namely optical couplers U5A, U4A and U5B, the three-phase inverter bridge is provided with six field effect tubes, namely field effect tubes Q1, Q2, Q3, Q7, Q8 and Q9, the driving isolation circuit is used for driving and isolating the field effect tubes, namely the driving isolation three-phase inverter bridge, and the position detection circuit is connected with the motor controller, the position detection circuit is used for collecting rotor position information of the direct current fan, the rotating speed adjusting circuit is connected with the motor controller, and the motor controller is used for outputting control signals for controlling the field effect tube to be opened and closed according to the rotor position information output by the position detection circuit. The isolation driving circuit comprises a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, an optical coupler U5A, an optical coupler U4A, an optical coupler U5B, a capacitor C19, a capacitor C18 and a capacitor C21, wherein the resistors R5, R6 and R7 are pull-up resistors, the optical coupler U5A, the optical coupler U4A and the optical coupler U5B are used for driving and isolating a field effect transistor, and the capacitor C19, the capacitor C18 and a capacitor C21 bootstrap capacitor can enable a field effect to be stably conducted.

The direct current power supply module comprises an EMI filter circuit, an anti-reverse circuit and an anti-surge circuit. The EMI filter circuit comprises a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C12 and a capacitor C15, wherein the capacitor C12 and the capacitor C15 form a common-mode capacitor and are used for suppressing common-mode interference signals in the circuit, the capacitor C1, the capacitor C2 and the capacitor C3 are differential-mode capacitors and are used for suppressing differential-mode interference signals in the circuit, and the direct-current power supply module is used for providing direct current for the direct-current fan driving and control circuit.

The rotating speed adjusting circuit comprises a capacitor C24 and a resistor R20, wherein the capacitor C24 and the resistor R20 form an RC filter circuit, and the RC filter circuit is used for converting PWM signals output by the singlechip into analog signals and then transmitting the analog signals to the motor controller. The singlechip is connected with a speed measuring and regulating module for acquiring PWM duty ratio signals.

The single chip microcomputer adopts PIC16F 690. The motor controller employs MC 33035.

The control signal controls the on and off of a corresponding field effect transistor (namely a three-phase inverter bridge) after passing through the isolation driving circuit, the current direction in a three-phase winding in the direct current brushless motor is controlled, a magnetic field generated by the current in the three-phase winding interacts with a rotor magnetic field, the rotor rotates under the action of the magnetic field force, and a rotor position sensor continuously acquires rotor position information to enable the motor to continuously rotate.

The utility model is used for realize the function of the soft start of direct current fan, control fan rotational speed. When the soft start device is started, the single chip microcomputer outputs a PWM signal with gradually increasing duty ratio, a digital signal is converted into an analog signal after RC first-order filtering, and the analog signal is input to the motor controller, so that the conduction time of the field effect tube is controlled, and the soft start function is realized; the single chip microcomputer achieves the function of controlling the rotating speed of the direct current fan by outputting PWM signals with different duty ratios.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and many changes can be made in the detailed description and the application scope according to the idea of the present invention for those skilled in the art, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention as long as the changes do not depart from the concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a direct current fan drive and control circuit which characterized in that: the device comprises a single chip microcomputer, a motor controller, an isolation driving circuit, a three-phase inverter bridge, a position detection circuit, a rotating speed regulation circuit and a direct current power supply module, wherein the single chip microcomputer is connected with the motor controller, the output end of the motor controller is connected with the isolation driving circuit, the output end of the driving isolation circuit is connected with the three-phase inverter bridge, the output end of the three-phase inverter bridge feeds signals back to the motor controller, the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the slow start and the rotating speed control of a direct current fan by controlling the motor controller, the isolation driving circuit comprises three optical couplers, the three-phase inverter bridge is provided with six field effect tubes, the driving isolation circuit is used for driving and isolating the field effect tubes, the position detection circuit is connected with the motor controller, the position detection circuit is used for collecting the rotor position information of the direct current fan, and the rotating speed regulation circuit is connected with the motor controller, and the motor controller is used for outputting a control signal for controlling the field effect tube to be opened and closed according to the rotor position information output by the position detection circuit.

2. The direct current fan drive and control circuit of claim 1, wherein: the direct current power supply module comprises an EMI filter circuit, an anti-reverse circuit and an anti-surge circuit.

3. The direct current fan drive and control circuit of claim 2, wherein: the EMI filter circuit comprises a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C12 and a capacitor C15, wherein the capacitor C12 and the capacitor C15 form a common-mode capacitor and are used for suppressing common-mode interference signals in the circuit, the capacitor C1, the capacitor C2 and the capacitor C3 are differential-mode capacitors and are used for suppressing differential-mode interference signals in the circuit, and the direct-current power supply module is used for providing direct current for the direct-current fan driving and control circuit.

4. The direct current fan drive and control circuit of claim 1, wherein: the rotating speed adjusting circuit comprises a capacitor C24 and a resistor R20, wherein the capacitor C24 and the resistor R20 form an RC filter circuit, and the RC filter circuit is used for converting PWM signals output by the singlechip into analog signals and then transmitting the analog signals to the motor controller.

5. The direct current fan drive and control circuit of claim 1, wherein: the single chip microcomputer adopts PIC16F 690.