CN202918232U - Soft start control system for high-speed brushless direct-current motor - Google Patents
Soft start control system for high-speed brushless direct-current motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN202918232U CN202918232U CN2012203792225U CN201220379222U CN202918232U CN 202918232 U CN202918232 U CN 202918232U CN 2012203792225 U CN2012203792225 U CN 2012203792225U CN 201220379222 U CN201220379222 U CN 201220379222U CN 202918232 U CN202918232 U CN 202918232U
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Abstract
A soft start control system for a high-speed brushless direct-current motor mainly comprises a digital controller, a controllable three-phase rectifier bridge, a direct-current chopper, a three-phase inverter bridge, a current sensor, a high-speed brushless direct-current motor and other parts. In order to solve the problem that the start current of the high-speed brushless direct-current motor is large, the controllable three-phase rectifier bridge and the direct-current chopper are adopted to carry out two-stage voltage modulation so as to control the voltage of a direct-current bus of the three-phase inverter bridge. The digital controller is adopted to regulate the duty ratio of four paths of PWM drive signals and six paths of phase commutation signals according to current feedback signals of the direct-current bus of the three-phase inverter bridge and rotation speed feedback signals of a motor and control the voltage and the phase commutation frequency of the direct-current bus of the three-phase inverter bridge so as to realize the voltage-reduction variable-frequency soft start of the brushless direct-current motor. The soft start control system provided by the utility model provides an effective solution for the soft start problem of the high-speed brushless direct-current motor and has a significant application value for the research of the soft start control of the high-speed brushless direct-current motor.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to high-speed brushless direct-current flexible starter for electric motor control system, particularly adopt the soft start control system of the low generator loss under the brushless DC motor position transducer control mode, can be used as a kind of soft start control system that the Large-power High-Speed equipment such as molecular pump, centrifuge, compressor are used the Large-power High-Speed motor.
Background technology
The Large-power High-Speed equipment such as molecular pump, centrifuge, compressor have the characteristics of small armature inductance usually with the Large-power High-Speed brushless DC motor.It is large that starting current appears in small armature inductance brushless DC motor easily, the problem that harmonic content is high.Large starting current can cause the increase of motor copper loss, and the harmonic content height can cause motor rotor eddy current loss to increase.Excessive generator loss can form pyrotoxin fast in motor interior, causes motor moment intensification, affects motor performance and life-span, even directly causes the motor stator winding to burn out or the rotor permanent magnet demagnetization.The large starting current that harmonic content is high in addition impacts serious to electrical network, form electric network pollution, affects the normal operation of other power consumption equipments of same mains supply.Therefore, need to use starting device of motor to realize flexible starter for electric motor.
At present, the starting device of motor can be divided into voltage reducing starter and varying frequency starting device two large classes.Voltage reducing starter can not be finished the commutation of brushless DC motor, can only be as the servicing unit of Brushless DC Motor Controller.The varying frequency starting device mainly contains thyristor motor soft starter and variable-frequency governor etc.The varying frequency starting device be modern control theory, microcontroller technology and Technics of Power Electronic Conversion technology in conjunction with product.The thyristor motor soft starter can make terminal voltage of motor start from scratch according to the control mode that sets in advance and rise to gradually supply voltage, has the wide advantage of output voltage range, but owing to there is not commutation signal to detect arbitration functions, can not guarantee the correct commutation of brushless DC motor, motor back emf can't normally be set up, and causes the motor starting electric current large.Variable-frequency governor can change output voltage and frequency simultaneously, and it is large to have starting torque, the advantage that power factor is high, but the starting current harmonic content is high, can cause motor stator eddy current loss to increase, the insulation of damage motor and cable.
Therefore, existing starting device of motor still can not solve the large and high problem of starting current harmonic content of Large-power High-Speed brushless DC motor starting current, can not satisfy the demand of Large-power High-Speed brushless DC motor soft start.
The utility model content
The technical problem that the utility model solves is: solve the problem that existing Large-power High-Speed brushless DC motor starting current is large, harmonic content is high; Propose a kind of soft start control system for the Large-power High-Speed brushless DC motor, this system has the advantage that starting current is little, the starting current harmonic content is low.
Technical solution of the present utility model is: a kind of high-speed brushless direct-current flexible starter for electric motor control system comprises controlled three-phase commutation bridge, electrochemical capacitor group, DC chopper, second voltage transducer, current sensor, three phase inverter bridge, brushless DC motor, line back electromotive force zero-crossing signal deteching circuit, digitial controller, filter circuit, programmable amplifier, the first voltage sensor.The three-phase power electric is through controlled three-phase commutation bridge output voltage U 1, U1 is through the filtering of electrochemical capacitor group, and by the first voltage sensor senses, then send into DC chopper, through modulation output dc voltage U2, direct voltage U2 is detected by the second voltage transducer, is input to the three phase inverter bridge of logic commutation behind the direct voltage U2 series current transducer, drives the brushless DC motor starting.In starting process, the first voltage sensor output voltage analog signal and current sensor output current analog signal are sent into programmable amplifier and are amplified after filter circuit carries out filtering, this two-way analog signal and second voltage transducer export one road voltage analog signal totally three tunnel analog signals send into the AD translation interface of digitial controller.The CAP that sends into digitial controller after the line back electromotive force warp back electromotive force zero-crossing signal deteching circuit of brushless DC motor is processed catches interface.The line back electromotive force warp back electromotive force zero-crossing signal deteching circuit of brushless DC motor obtains line back electromotive force zero-crossing signal after processing, and judges signal as the logic commutation of brushless DC motor; When the CAP of digitial controller interface is caught line back electromotive force zero-crossing signal, temporarily forbid DC chopper and reduce the high frequency chopping noise jamming.
Described digitial controller adopts the two closed-loop controls of current closed-loop and speed closed loop to regulate in real time simultaneously the driving signal modulation duty cycle of controlled three-phase commutation bridge and DC chopper circuit according to the feedback signal of current sensor, the first voltage sensor, second voltage transducer.
Described three phase inverter bridge only carries out the logic commutation to brushless DC motor, does not carry out the line voltage modulated.
The utility model advantage compared with prior art is: (1) the utility model adopts closed-loop control to regulate in real time the driving signal dutyfactor of controlled three-phase commutation bridge and DC chopper, realized the two-stage voltage modulated to the three phase inverter bridge DC bus-bar voltage, be different from the system that the traditional frequency conversion soft starter only carries out the inverter bridge voltage modulated, reduced high-speed brushless direct-current motor starting electric current.(2) in the utility model, three phase inverter bridge only carries out brushless DC motor frequency conversion commutation, is different from traditional frequency conversion soft starter inverter bridge and namely carries out the system that voltage modulated is carried out again the motor frequency change commutation.Reduce the harmonic content of high-speed brushless direct-current motor stator currents, reduced rotor block eddy current loss, improved operational efficiency and the life-span of high-speed brushless direct-current motor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is high-speed brushless direct-current flexible starter for electric motor control system figure described in the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the digitial controller schematic diagram of high-speed brushless direct-current motor control system described in the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the line back electromotive force zero-crossing signal deteching circuit schematic diagram of high-speed brushless direct-current motor control system described in the utility model.
Embodiment
Be illustrated in figure 1 as a kind of high-speed brushless direct-current flexible starter for electric motor control system, comprise controlled three-phase commutation bridge 1, electrochemical capacitor group 2, DC chopper 3, second voltage transducer 4, current sensor 5, three phase inverter bridge 6, brushless DC motor 7, line back electromotive force zero-crossing signal deteching circuit 8, digitial controller 9, filter circuit 10, programmable amplifier 11, second voltage transducer 4, the first voltage sensor 12.Controlled three-phase commutation bridge 1 controlled output dc voltage U1, U1 electrochemical capacitor group 2 in parallel is carried out filtering, and electrochemical capacitor group 2 two ends the first voltage sensor 12 in parallel carries out voltage detecting.And this voltage is as DC chopper 3 input voltages, through after the DC chopper, and the controlled direct voltage U2 that output amplitude is lower.Direct voltage U2 two ends second voltage transducer 4 in parallel carries out voltage detecting, and series current transducer 5 detects three phase inverter bridge 6 dc bus currents to three phase inverter bridge 6.Three phase inverter bridge 6 drives brushless DC motor 7 startings by the logic commutation.Zero signal is passed by in output three behind the line back electromotive force process line back electromotive force zero-crossing signal deteching circuit of brushless DC motor 7.The first voltage sensor 12 outputs one road voltage analog signal.Second voltage transducer 4 output one road voltage analog signals and current sensor 5 outputs one road current analog signal, this two-way analog signal is sent into first filter circuit 10 filtering noise reductions, then sends into programmable amplifier 11 conditionings and amplifies output two-way analog signal.The AD interface of digitial controller 9 receives above-mentioned three tunnel analog signals and carries out analog-to-digital conversion; Universal digital interface GPIO sends the gain selection signal to programmable amplifier 11, and receiving gain selection information feedback; Catch interface CAP reception three and pass by zero signal.Digitial controller 9 sampling obtains according to AD two-way voltage signal and one road current signal are exported three road pwm signals and are controlled controlled three-phase commutation bridge 1, regulate direct voltage U1; Simultaneously, export one road pwm signal control DC chopper 3, regulate direct voltage U2, the DC bus-bar voltage of restriction three phase inverter bridge 6.Digitial controller 9 advanced the computing of in house software control routine according to line back electromotive force zero-crossing signal, export six tunnel logic commutation signals, the commutation frequency of control three phase inverter bridge 6 is carried out commutation and speed governing to brushless DC motor 7, and judges synchronously outer and motor synchronizing switching point.
As shown in Figure 2, digitial controller 9 adopts dsp chip TMS320F28335, mainly is comprised of CPU, A/D module, PWM module and universal digital interface (GPIO) etc.CPU is the CPU of controller.The A/D module is carried out analog to digital conversion to the voltage analog signal of the first voltage sensor output, the voltage analog signal of second voltage transducer output and the current analog signal of current sensor output, the data that the data after the analog to digital conversion are calculated as code after CPU reads register and obtains.The PWM module arranges and the code computing through the CPU register, controlled generation four road pwm signals, and wherein three road low frequency pwm signals are used for the control of controlled three-phase commutation bridge 1, wherein one road 10kHz high-frequency PWM signal is used for the control of DC chopper 3.The PWM module also produces commutation and the speed governing that six road phase change logic signals are used for brushless DC motor 7.GPIO can be input/output interface by the CPU arbitrary disposition, the output two ways of digital signals, and the input two ways of digital signals, the former is as the gain selection signal of programmable amplifier 11, and the latter is the gain selection feedback signal that programmable amplifier 11 feeds back to digitial controller 9.
Described digitial controller 9 adopts the two closed-loop controls of current closed-loop and speed closed loop to regulate in real time simultaneously the driving signal modulation duty cycle of controlled three-phase commutation bridge 1 and DC chopper circuit 3 according to the feedback signal of current sensor 5, the first voltage sensor 12, second voltage transducer 4.
High-speed brushless direct-current flexible starter for electric motor process comprises system initialisation phase, starting boost phase and synchronous switch step.System initialisation phase is carried out the master controller initialization, namely finish the distribution of program and data memory space, digitial controller 9 forbidding DC chopper 3 and three phase inverter bridges 6, and regulate controlled three-phase commutation bridge 1 and drive signal dutyfactor electrochemical capacitor group 2 is precharged to given voltage.In the starting boost phase, digitial controller 9 is control DC chopper 3 input voltages and three phase inverter bridge 6 DC bus-bar voltage in real time.Digitial controller 9 control three phase inverter bridges 6 are forced commutation, and frequency values is f1.Three phase inverter bridge 6 dc bus currents are through detecting in real time and judging that it is whether greater than 1.5 times of brushless DC motor rated current.If greater than 1.5 times of the brushless DC motor rated current, then digitial controller 9 is regulated DC chopper 3 Duty ratio control three phase inverter bridges 6 DC bus-bar voltage in real time, form the current closed-loop control of brushless DC motor 7 soft starts.If be not more than 1.5 times of brushless DC motor rated current, digitial controller 9 Real-time Obtaining brushless DC motors, 7 line back electromotive force zero-crossing signals and calculate its frequency values f2 then, and three phase inverter bridge 6 is forced commutation frequency values f1 contrast.If two frequency values f1 are not identical with f2, then regulate in real time controlled three-phase commutation bridge duty ratio, carry out the control of brushless DC motor 7 soft start speed closed loops.If two frequency values f1 are identical with f2, then enter synchronous switch step, detect brushless DC motor 7 line back electromotive force zero-crossing signals as commutation signal.In signal detection process, forbid that DC chopper 3 guarantees the accuracy that crossover point signal gathers.If brushless DC motor 7 rotating speeds are not more than 0.1% with respect to setting the tachometer value error, then show brushless DC motor soft start success, controlled three-phase commutation bridge 1 driving signal dutyfactor enters the starting boost phase and synchronous switch step is carried out adjustment of rotational speed otherwise digitial controller 9 readjusts.
As shown in Figure 3, line back electromotive force zero-crossing signal deteching circuit 8 mainly comprises four road independent current source chips, voltage comparator and photoelectrical coupler.Four-way power supply chip input power is: through terminals P 2 input+the 24V power supply.Out-put supply is: three blocks of three road independent positive and negative 15V power supplys and a road+5V power supplys that the B2405LD power supply chip is exported that the A2415 power supply chip is exported respectively.The former supplies with respectively three voltage comparator LM393, and the latter supplies with two high-speed photoelectric coupler HCPL2630 power supplies.Line back electromotive force input terminal is P4, the line back electromotive force through resistor network be transformed to-15V～+ line back-emf signal between the 15V.This signal is converted to the zero crossing square-wave signal through voltage comparator LM393 after relatively, then through high-speed photoelectric coupler HCPL2630 isolation, obtains three-route back electromotive force zero-crossing signal, and this signal is through terminals P 5 outputs.
Claims (3)
1. high-speed brushless direct-current flexible starter for electric motor control system, it is characterized in that: comprise controlled three-phase commutation bridge (1), electrochemical capacitor group (2), DC chopper (3), second voltage transducer (4), current sensor (5), three phase inverter bridge (6), brushless DC motor (7), line back electromotive force zero-crossing signal deteching circuit (8), digitial controller (9), filter circuit (10), programmable amplifier (11), the first voltage sensor (12), three-phase power electric output voltage after controlled three-phase commutation bridge (1) rectification is U1, U1 is through electrochemical capacitor group (2) filtering, and detected by the first voltage sensor (12), then send into DC chopper (3), output dc voltage U2 after high frequency modulated, direct voltage U2 is detected by second voltage transducer (4), be input to three phase inverter bridge (6) behind the direct voltage U2 series current transducer (5), drive brushless DC motor (7) starting; The current analog signal of the voltage analog signal of second voltage transducer (4) output and current sensor (5) output is sent into programmable amplifier (11) and is amplified after filter circuit (10) carries out filtering, this two-way analog signal and the first voltage sensor (12) output one road voltage analog signal totally three tunnel analog signals AD translation interface of sending into digitial controller (9) carry out analog-to-digital conversion; The line back electromotive force warp back electromotive force zero-crossing signal deteching circuit (8) of brushless DC motor (7) obtains line back electromotive force zero-crossing signal after processing, and judges signal as the logic commutation of brushless DC motor (7); When the CAP interface of digitial controller (9) is caught line back electromotive force zero-crossing signal, temporarily forbid DC chopper (3) and reduce the high frequency chopping noise jamming.
2. high-speed brushless direct-current flexible starter for electric motor control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described digitial controller (9) adopts the two closed-loop controls of current closed-loop and speed closed loop to regulate in real time simultaneously the driving signal modulation duty cycle of controlled three-phase commutation bridge (1) and DC chopper circuit (3) according to the feedback signal of current sensor (5), the first voltage sensor (12), second voltage transducer (4).
3. high-speed brushless direct-current flexible starter for electric motor control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described three phase inverter bridge (6) only carries out the logic commutation to brushless DC motor (7), does not carry out the line voltage modulated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012203792225U CN202918232U (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2012-08-01 | Soft start control system for high-speed brushless direct-current motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012203792225U CN202918232U (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2012-08-01 | Soft start control system for high-speed brushless direct-current motor |
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| CN202918232U true CN202918232U (en) | 2013-05-01 |
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| CN2012203792225U Expired - Fee Related CN202918232U (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2012-08-01 | Soft start control system for high-speed brushless direct-current motor |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103701367A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2014-04-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Soft start control device for sensorless brushless direct current motor |
| CN104300854A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-01-21 | 黑龙江省科学院科技孵化中心 | Brushless direct current motor drive circuit based on Buck convertor |
| CN105391364A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Position-sensor-free control system and control method for brushless direct current motor |
| CN106655913A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Three-phase inverter topology structure with adjustable DC bus voltage and method of adopting structure to realize dynamic DC bus voltage adjustment |
| CN107404259A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-28 | 北京机械设备研究所 | A kind of brushless DC motor control circuit |
| CN107612434A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-19 | 北京机械设备研究所 | A kind of brshless DC motor alignment circuit based on wave chopping technology |
| CN111162699A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2020-05-15 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | High-power direct-drive permanent magnet electric transmission system for electric locomotive |
| CN112398373A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-02-23 | 江苏美的清洁电器股份有限公司 | Control method and device of brushless direct current motor and storage medium |
| CN112865636A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-28 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Maximum torque current ratio control method and device |
| CN114268249A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-01 | 大力电工襄阳股份有限公司 | High-voltage synchronous frequency conversion soft starting equipment and starting method thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-08-01 CN CN2012203792225U patent/CN202918232U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103701367A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2014-04-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Soft start control device for sensorless brushless direct current motor |
| CN103701367B (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2016-01-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of control of soft device of brushless DC motor without sensor |
| CN104300854A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-01-21 | 黑龙江省科学院科技孵化中心 | Brushless direct current motor drive circuit based on Buck convertor |
| CN105391364B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-01-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of brushless direct current motor sensorless control system and control method |
| CN105391364A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Position-sensor-free control system and control method for brushless direct current motor |
| CN106655913A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Three-phase inverter topology structure with adjustable DC bus voltage and method of adopting structure to realize dynamic DC bus voltage adjustment |
| CN107404259A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-28 | 北京机械设备研究所 | A kind of brushless DC motor control circuit |
| CN107612434A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-19 | 北京机械设备研究所 | A kind of brshless DC motor alignment circuit based on wave chopping technology |
| CN111162699A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2020-05-15 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | High-power direct-drive permanent magnet electric transmission system for electric locomotive |
| CN111162699B (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2023-09-01 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | Large-power direct-drive permanent magnet electric transmission system for electric locomotive |
| CN112398373A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-02-23 | 江苏美的清洁电器股份有限公司 | Control method and device of brushless direct current motor and storage medium |
| CN112398373B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2022-11-04 | 江苏美的清洁电器股份有限公司 | Control method and device of brushless direct current motor and storage medium |
| CN112865636A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-28 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Maximum torque current ratio control method and device |
| CN114268249A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-01 | 大力电工襄阳股份有限公司 | High-voltage synchronous frequency conversion soft starting equipment and starting method thereof |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130501 Termination date: 20210801 |