CN215143308U - Waste incineration fly ash resourceful treatment system - Google Patents
Waste incineration fly ash resourceful treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN215143308U CN215143308U CN202121332823.6U CN202121332823U CN215143308U CN 215143308 U CN215143308 U CN 215143308U CN 202121332823 U CN202121332823 U CN 202121332823U CN 215143308 U CN215143308 U CN 215143308U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a waste incineration flying ash resourceful treatment system belongs to environmental protection and solid waste treatment field. The treatment system comprises a first-stage hydrothermal reaction system, a second washing system and a salt separation system; the primary hydrothermal reaction system comprises a reaction kettle, and a waste hot water pipeline, a fly ash and slag pipeline and an oxygen pipeline of a waste incineration power plant which are respectively communicated with the reaction kettle; the secondary washing system comprises a primary dewatering system, a secondary washing system and a secondary dewatering system, wherein the primary dewatering system is communicated with the reaction kettle and the salt separation system respectively, and the secondary dewatering system is communicated with the reaction kettle and the film treatment system of the waste incineration power plant through two pipelines respectively. The method realizes local heat extraction (waste heat of the waste incineration power plant), local material extraction (incineration fly ash and slag) and local treatment (treatment of secondary washing water by using a membrane system of the waste incineration power plant), and is beneficial to reducing the treatment cost and improving the treatment efficiency. Comprehensively treat heavy metal, dioxin and chloride ions to realize resource utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to environmental protection and solid waste treatment field relate to a waste incineration flying dust resourceful treatment system.
Background
The rapid development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization progress lead to the continuous increase of the number and scale of cities, and the urban domestic garbage is increased year by year. The waste incineration power generation technology can furthest realize the reduction, harmlessness and reclamation of the domestic waste, has the advantage of less land resource occupation, and becomes a main treatment method of the global urban domestic waste.
In the process of treating garbage in a household garbage incineration plant, incineration fly ash accounting for about 3-5% of the garbage treatment amount is generated. The incineration fly ash refers to a residue collected in a waste incineration flue gas purification system, contains a certain amount of soluble heavy metals, dioxin and soluble salts, and belongs to hazardous waste. Proper treatment and disposal of incineration fly ash are key and difficult points in the field of biochemical waste incineration, and are bottlenecks which restrict further development of waste incineration technology. At present, the fly ash from waste incineration is mainly landfilled after solidification/stabilization treatment, the treatment cost is low, but the resource utilization of the fly ash cannot be realized by solidification landfilling, and the volume reduction rate are low, so that the storage capacity of an urban landfill site is occupied. Therefore, the method can stably solidify the soluble heavy metals in the incineration fly ash, remove dioxin in the incineration fly ash, reduce the content of soluble salts in the fly ash, and realize harmless treatment and resource utilization of the incineration fly ash.
The hydrothermal method is a treatment method in which water is heated and pressurized by an external heat source in a sealed pressure vessel using water as a solvent to make the water in a reaction medium in a high-temperature and high-pressure state. The temperature range is 100-374 ℃, the pressure range is 0.5-22.5 MPa, and compared with the normal temperature state, the mass transfer resistance among reactants is reduced, the intermolecular hydrogen bond is weakened, the organic matter solubility is increased, and the inorganic matter solubility is reduced. Therefore, the incineration fly ash can be used as a solute, the slag is used as a catalyst, the water is used as a solvent, and the hydrothermal reaction is carried out under the aerobic condition, so that the heavy metals in the incineration fly ash are stabilized, and the dioxin is removed.
Patent No. CN108721824A discloses a method for synchronously stabilizing heavy metals and degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by using waste incineration fly ash, wherein the incineration fly ash is used as a solute, water is used as a solvent, and a silicon-aluminum blending agent and hydrogen peroxide are added to carry out hydrothermal reaction so as to reduce the leaching concentration and toxicity equivalent of the heavy metals by about 90%. Patent No. CN111672876A discloses a method for performing hydrothermal harmless treatment on waste incineration fly ash, which uses incineration fly ash as solute, water as solvent, and magnetic hydroxyapatite powder and hydrogen peroxide are added to perform hydrothermal reaction, so as to stabilize soluble heavy metals in the incineration fly ash and degrade and detoxify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
However, the above patents have problems of long reaction time, low reaction efficiency, high energy consumption in heating and heat preservation processes, high price of the conditioner, difficulty in removing soluble salts in incineration fly ash, and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model aims at providing a waste incineration flying ash resourceful treatment system to solve prior art reaction time long, reaction efficiency low, heating and heat preservation process energy consumption high, the conditioner price is higher and be difficult to get rid of the problem of the soluble salt in the incineration flying ash.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
a waste incineration fly ash recycling treatment system comprises a primary hydrothermal reaction system, a secondary washing system and a salt separation system; the primary hydrothermal reaction system comprises a reaction kettle, and a waste hot water pipeline, a fly ash and slag pipeline and an oxygen pipeline of a waste incineration power plant which are respectively communicated with the reaction kettle; the secondary washing system comprises a primary dewatering system, a secondary washing system and a secondary dewatering system, wherein the primary dewatering system is communicated with the reaction kettle and the salt separation system respectively, and the secondary dewatering system is communicated with the reaction kettle and the film treatment system of the waste incineration power plant through two pipelines respectively.
Further, the primary dewatering system comprises a primary centrifugal machine, a primary filtrate sedimentation tank and a primary filtrate collection tank which are sequentially communicated, the primary centrifugal machine is communicated with the reaction kettle, and the primary filtrate collection tank is communicated with the salt separation system; the second-stage dewatering system comprises a second-stage centrifugal machine, a second-stage filtrate sedimentation tank and a second-stage filtrate collection tank which are sequentially communicated, the first-stage centrifugal machine is communicated with the second-stage washing system, and the second-stage filtrate collection tank is respectively communicated with the reaction kettle and the membrane treatment system of the waste incineration power plant through two pipelines.
Further, the primary centrifuge is communicated with the secondary washing system through a scraper.
Further, the device also comprises a post-processing system; the post-treatment system comprises a dryer, a crusher and a product bin which are sequentially communicated, wherein the dryer is respectively communicated with the secondary dehydration system and the drainage system of the waste incineration power plant.
Further, the system also comprises an auxiliary system; the auxiliary system comprises a heat-insulating layer arranged on the periphery of the reaction kettle and a steam pipeline communicated with the heat-insulating layer.
Further, the auxiliary system still includes the heat preservation water pipeling of intercommunication heat preservation and drying-machine.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
1. the method is particularly suitable for treating the incineration fly ash in situ in a waste incineration power plant, can realize local heat extraction (waste heat of the waste incineration power plant), local material utilization (incineration fly ash and slag) and local treatment (treating secondary washing water by using a membrane system of the waste incineration power plant), and is favorable for reducing the treatment cost and improving the treatment efficiency.
2. Heavy metal, dioxin and chloride ion in the integrated processing incineration fly ash, current hydrothermal treatment process and technique mainly focus on handling heavy metal and dioxin, and neglected getting rid of chloride ion, the utility model discloses the system is washed and is divided the salt system to the chloride ion to the utilization two very much.
3. Changing waste into valuable, realizing comprehensive utilization of resources, using slag generated by a waste incineration power plant as a catalyst and an absorbent, classifying and purifying incineration fly ash (stabilized products and NaCl and KCl with higher purity), and realizing resource utilization.
4. After the solid materials separated by the secondary dewatering system are dried, the generated steam is introduced into a drainage system of the waste incineration power plant, so that the solid materials can be recycled in the waste incineration power plant, and resources are saved.
5. Saturated steam is introduced into the heat preservation layer arranged on the periphery of the reaction kettle, so that the heat preservation of the reaction kettle can be realized. And (4) introducing the heat-preservation water into a dryer for drying, and introducing the generated steam into a drainage system of the waste incineration power plant so as to recycle the steam in the waste incineration power plant.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and/or combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, features and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the waste incineration fly ash recycling system of the present invention.
Reference numerals: steam temperature and pressure reducer 1, furnace water temperature and pressure reducer 2, ash storehouse 3, feed valve 4, weighing hopper 5, relief valve 6, gas booster pump 7, gas holder 8, relief valve 9, reation kettle 10, one-level centrifuge 11, one-level filtrating delivery pump 12, one-level filtrating sedimentation tank 13, one-level filtrating collecting tank 14, scraper 15, second grade washing equipment 16, second grade centrifuge 17, second grade filtrating delivery pump 18, second grade filtrating sedimentation tank 19, second grade filtrating collecting tank 20, second grade filtrating delivery pump 21, drying-machine 22, breaker 23, bucket elevator 24, product storehouse 25, divide salt system 26, divide salt delivery pump 27.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in the present specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in any way limiting the scope of the invention; for a better understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the terms according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, a system for recycling fly ash from waste incineration includes a first-stage hydrothermal reaction system, a second washing system, a salt separation system 26, a post-treatment system and an auxiliary system.
Specifically, the primary hydrothermal reaction system includes a reaction kettle 10, and a waste hot water pipeline, a fly ash and slag pipeline, and an oxygen pipeline of the waste incineration power plant, which are respectively communicated with the reaction kettle 10. The waste hot water (also furnace water) pipeline of the waste incineration power plant is provided with a furnace water temperature and pressure reducer 2, the fly ash and slag pipeline is sequentially provided with a slag bin 3, a feed valve 4 and a measuring hopper 5, and the oxygen pipeline is sequentially provided with a gas booster pump 7 and a gas storage tank 8. The wall body of the reaction kettle 10 is provided with a safety valve 6.
The secondary washing system comprises a primary dewatering system, a secondary washing system and a secondary dewatering system. The secondary water washing system mainly comprises a secondary water washing device 16. The primary dewatering system comprises a primary centrifugal machine 11, a primary filtrate sedimentation tank 13 and a primary filtrate collection tank 14 which are sequentially communicated, the primary centrifugal machine 11 is communicated with the reaction kettle 10, the primary filtrate collection tank 14 is communicated with the salt separation system 26, a primary filtrate delivery pump 12 is arranged on a pipeline of the primary centrifugal machine 11, which leads to the primary filtrate sedimentation tank 13, and a salt separation delivery pump 27 is arranged on a pipeline of the primary filtrate collection tank 14, which leads to the salt separation system 26; the secondary dewatering system comprises a secondary centrifuge 17, a secondary filtrate sedimentation tank 19 and a secondary filtrate collection tank 20 which are sequentially communicated, the primary centrifuge 11 and the secondary centrifuge 17 are communicated through a scraper 15, the secondary filtrate collection tank 20 is respectively communicated with the reaction kettle 10 and a membrane treatment system of a waste incineration power plant through two pipelines, and a secondary filtrate delivery pump 21 is arranged on a pipeline leading from the secondary centrifuge 17 to the secondary filtrate sedimentation tank 19. Two pipelines communicated with the secondary filtrate collecting tank 20 are respectively provided with a secondary filtrate conveying pump 21.
The post-treatment system comprises a dryer 22, a crusher 23, a bucket elevator 24 and a product bin 25 which are sequentially communicated, wherein the dryer 22 is respectively communicated with the secondary centrifugal machine 17 and a drainage system of the waste incineration power plant.
The auxiliary system comprises a heat-insulating layer arranged on the periphery of the reaction kettle 10, a steam pipeline communicated with the heat-insulating layer, and a heat-insulating water pipeline communicated with the heat-insulating layer and the dryer 22. The steam pipeline is provided with a steam temperature and pressure reducer 1, and the heat preservation water pipeline is provided with a pressure reducing valve 9.
The process for recycling the waste incineration fly ash by adopting the system comprises the following steps:
s1, first-stage hydrothermal reaction:
introducing the reaction materials into a reaction kettle 10 for hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 150-200 ℃, under the reaction pressure of 0.5-2.0 MPa, with the liquid-solid ratio of 3: 1-10: 1(mL/g), for 4-12 h; the reaction materials comprise waste hot water, fly ash, slag and oxygen of a waste incineration power plant and secondary washing water discharged by a secondary dehydration system; the slag and the fly ash are added into a slag bin 3 according to a certain proportion after being crushed by a crusher 23, and are fully mixed in the slag bin 3 and then are sent into a reaction kettle 10; wherein, the higher the slag adding proportion is, the better, and the slag accounts for 10 to 20 percent in consideration of economy.
The hydrothermal reaction utilizes waste hot water of a waste incineration power plant to obtain heat on site. And the second washing water can be used as water for temperature adjustment.
In the hydrothermal reaction process, calcium, silicon and aluminum elements contained in the fly ash and the slag can generate zeolite aluminosilicate minerals, and the heavy metals in the fly ash are stabilized by using the principles that the zeolite aluminosilicate minerals have strong physical and chemical adsorption, ion exchange, physical trapping and the like on the heavy metals; in addition, through XRD detection and analysis, the slag contains a certain amount of hydroxyapatite which can also solidify and stabilize a certain amount of heavy metals through adsorption or ion exchange mechanisms. Through the two ways, the heavy metal elements in the incineration fly ash are well controlled.
Under the hydrothermal condition, the solubility of organic matters is increased, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as dioxin and the like in the incineration fly ash are gradually dissolved in water, under the condition of sufficient oxygen, oxides of transition metals such as V, Mn, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni and the like in the incineration fly ash can be used as active components to generate a large amount of hydroxyl radicals, and the oxidative decomposition of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as dioxin and the like in the fly ash can be promoted by utilizing the strong oxidation effect of the hydroxyl radicals, so that the toxicity of the incineration fly ash is reduced.
S2, secondary washing and salt separation:
after the hydrothermal reaction is finished, discharging the reaction material into a primary centrifuge 11 after the temperature is reduced, and separating the solid material from the liquid;
the liquid separated by the primary centrifuge 11 contains a large amount of soluble salt, divalent salt in the liquid is removed through coagulating sedimentation treatment in a primary filtrate sedimentation tank 13, the liquid is collected by a primary filtrate collection tank 14 and then discharged into a salt separation system 26, and NaCl and KCl with higher purity are obtained through the salt separation system 26 and are used as industrial raw materials;
the solid material separated by the primary centrifuge 11 still contains a certain amount of soluble salt, the solid material is sent to a secondary washing device 16 through a scraper 15 for washing, the washing medium is tap water and a medicament, the washing time is 30min, a liquid-solid mixture is formed, then the liquid-solid mixture is discharged into a secondary centrifuge 17, the solid material and the liquid are separated, and the liquid is secondary washing water;
the second washing water has relatively low salt content, is further subjected to coagulating sedimentation treatment by a second-stage filtrate sedimentation tank 19, and is divided into two paths after being collected by a second-stage filtrate collection tank 20: one path is used as water supplement and is introduced into the reaction kettle 10 to be used as water for temperature adjustment, and the other path is introduced into a film treatment system of a waste incineration power plant for further treatment.
Heavy metals, dioxin and soluble salts in the solid materials discharged by the secondary centrifuge 17 are effectively removed, and harmlessness is realized.
S3, post-processing: the solid materials separated by the secondary centrifuge 17 are dried by a dryer 22 and crushed by a crusher 23 in sequence, and then are sent to a product bin 25 through a bucket elevator 24 to be used as industrial raw materials, such as building material raw materials for resource utilization; and (4) the steam generated by drying is connected into a drainage system of the waste incineration power plant so as to be recycled in the waste incineration power plant.
In the process of harmless and resource treatment, saturated steam is introduced into the heat-insulating layer arranged on the periphery of the reaction kettle 10 to insulate the reaction kettle 10, heat-insulating water formed after heat exchange is introduced into the dryer 22 to be dried, and generated steam is also introduced into a drainage system of a waste incineration power plant to be recycled in the waste incineration power plant.
The utility model discloses specially adapted handles burning flying dust on the spot at waste incineration power plant, can realize getting heat on the spot (waste heat of waste incineration power plant), using materials on the spot (burning flying dust, slag) and handle on the spot (utilize waste incineration power plant membrane system to handle two washing water), help reducing treatment cost, improve treatment effeciency.
The utility model discloses heavy metal, dioxin and chloride ion in the fly ash are burned in the integrated processing, and current hydrothermal treatment process and technique mainly focus on handling heavy metal and dioxin, and neglected getting rid of to chloride ion, the utility model discloses two system of washing of utilizing very much are handled chloride ion with dividing salt system 26.
The utility model discloses changing waste into valuables realizes resource comprehensive utilization, uses the slag that the waste incineration power plant produced as catalyst and absorbent, will burn the categorised purification of flying ash (stabilization result and higher NaCl of purity, KCl), realizes resource utilization.
Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A waste incineration fly ash resourceful treatment system is characterized in that: comprises a first-stage hydrothermal reaction system, a second washing system and a salt separating system; the primary hydrothermal reaction system comprises a reaction kettle, and a waste hot water pipeline, a fly ash and slag pipeline and an oxygen pipeline of a waste incineration power plant which are respectively communicated with the reaction kettle; the secondary washing system comprises a primary dewatering system, a secondary washing system and a secondary dewatering system, wherein the primary dewatering system is communicated with the reaction kettle and the salt separation system respectively, and the secondary dewatering system is communicated with the reaction kettle and the film treatment system of the waste incineration power plant through two pipelines respectively.
2. The waste incineration fly ash recycling treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the primary dewatering system comprises a primary centrifugal machine, a primary filtrate sedimentation tank and a primary filtrate collection tank which are sequentially communicated, the primary centrifugal machine is communicated with the reaction kettle, and the primary filtrate collection tank is communicated with the salt separation system; the second-stage dewatering system comprises a second-stage centrifugal machine, a second-stage filtrate sedimentation tank and a second-stage filtrate collection tank which are sequentially communicated, the first-stage centrifugal machine is communicated with the second-stage washing system, and the second-stage filtrate collection tank is respectively communicated with the reaction kettle and the membrane treatment system of the waste incineration power plant through two pipelines.
3. The waste incineration fly ash recycling treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first-stage centrifugal machine is communicated with the second-stage washing system through a scraper machine.
4. The waste incineration fly ash recycling treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: also includes a post-processing system; the post-treatment system comprises a dryer, a crusher and a product bin which are sequentially communicated, wherein the dryer is respectively communicated with the secondary dehydration system and the drainage system of the waste incineration power plant.
5. The waste incineration fly ash recycling treatment system according to claim 4, wherein: the system also comprises an auxiliary system; the auxiliary system comprises a heat-insulating layer arranged on the periphery of the reaction kettle and a steam pipeline communicated with the heat-insulating layer.
6. The waste incineration fly ash recycling treatment system according to claim 5, wherein: the auxiliary system further comprises a heat-insulating water pipeline communicated with the heat-insulating layer and the dryer.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113172081A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-07-27 | 重庆三峰环境集团股份有限公司 | Waste incineration fly ash recycling treatment process and system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113172081A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-07-27 | 重庆三峰环境集团股份有限公司 | Waste incineration fly ash recycling treatment process and system |
| CN113172081B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2024-03-29 | 重庆三峰环境集团股份有限公司 | Waste incineration fly ash recycling treatment process and system |
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