CN215070424U - Microstrip antenna with in-band directional diagram diversity - Google Patents
Microstrip antenna with in-band directional diagram diversity Download PDFInfo
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- CN215070424U CN215070424U CN202121464158.6U CN202121464158U CN215070424U CN 215070424 U CN215070424 U CN 215070424U CN 202121464158 U CN202121464158 U CN 202121464158U CN 215070424 U CN215070424 U CN 215070424U
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Abstract
The application discloses microstrip antenna with in-band directional diagram diversity includes: the U-shaped radiation patch comprises two identical rectangular patches which are arranged along the width direction of the rectangular patches and connected by the thin patch, so that the two rectangular patches are positioned on the same side of the thin patch; the position of feeding is in the center of the other side of the thin patch; the wide parasitic patch is positioned between the two rectangular patches, and the two sides of the wide parasitic patch are respectively provided with a narrow parasitic patch, so that a symmetrical structure is formed on the whole; the wide parasitic patch, the narrow parasitic patch and the U-shaped radiating patch are separated by a gap. The present application enables antennas to have different radiation patterns at different frequencies within a band.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a microstrip antenna with in-band pattern diversity.
Background
In the past decades, mobile communication has progressed from 1G (first generation mobile communication) to 5G, and the antenna morphology has gradually evolved from an omni-directional radiation antenna to a tunable multi-beam radiation antenna. And the antenna spectrum is further improved, the bandwidth is further increased, emerging applications such as the Internet of vehicles and the Internet of things are rapidly developed, and more requirements are provided for the antenna.
The single-beam directional antenna has the advantages of high gain and large coverage radius, but the horizontal plane coverage angle is small. The wide-beam directional antenna can maintain directional radiation, and meanwhile, the horizontal plane coverage angle is larger, so that more users can be accommodated. Compared with a single-beam antenna, the dual-beam antenna can simultaneously cover two areas, and has prominent advantages in a specific scene.
Microstrip antennas have the advantages of miniaturization, planarization, light weight and the like, and are rapidly developed and used in the civil and military fields. Conventional microstrip antennas have a single frequency radiation characteristic throughout the band, usually either qualitative or omnidirectional radiation. Now, with the increase of mobile communication frequency spectrum and the demand of various communication scenes in different industries, the miniaturization, integration and multi-functionalization of antennas have become a development trend. How to realize a microstrip antenna with in-band frequency pattern diversity without depending on a plurality of antennas is to be solved by the present application.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the application provides a microstrip antenna with diversity of an in-band directional diagram and a manufacturing method, which solve the problem of how to realize the diversity of the in-band directional diagram through one antenna and enable the antenna to have different radiation directional diagrams at different frequencies in a band.
The embodiment of the application provides a microstrip antenna with in-band directional diagram diversity, includes:
the U-shaped radiation patch comprises two identical rectangular patches which are arranged along the width direction of the rectangular patches and connected by the thin patch, so that the two rectangular patches are positioned on the same side of the thin patch; the feed position is in the center of the other side of the thin patch; the wide parasitic patch is positioned between the two rectangular patches, and the two sides of the wide parasitic patch are respectively provided with a narrow parasitic patch, so that a symmetrical structure is formed on the whole; the wide parasitic patch, the narrow parasitic patch and the U-shaped radiating patch are separated by a gap.
Preferably, the dimension of the microstrip antenna in the symmetrical direction is more than 2 times of the dimension in the vertical direction.
Preferably, the microstrip feed line has a length of 0.52 dielectric wavelength and a width of 0.058 dielectric wavelength.
In any embodiment of the present application, at least one of the following dimensions is preferred:
the length of the rectangular patch is 0.5 times of the medium wavelength, and the width of the rectangular patch is 0.44 times of the medium wavelength.
The length of the thin patch connected between the two rectangular patches is 0.92 times of the medium wavelength, and the width of the thin patch is 0.0077 times of the medium wavelength.
The length of the wide parasitic patch is 0.45 times of the medium wavelength, and the width of the wide parasitic patch is 0.4 times of the medium wavelength.
The length of the narrow parasitic patch is 0.45 times of the medium wavelength, and the width of the narrow parasitic patch is 0.077 times of the medium wavelength.
The gap between the narrow parasitic patch and the wide parasitic patch is 0.039 times of the medium wavelength, and the distance between the narrow parasitic patch and the rectangular radiation patch is 0.145 times of the medium wavelength.
The embodiment of the application adopts at least one technical scheme which can achieve the following beneficial effects:
the antenna has three different radiation patterns at different frequencies within the band, including single beam directional radiation, wide beam directional radiation, and dual beam radiation. The antenna has a multifunctional radiation characteristic, and is beneficial to miniaturization of a communication system. Different frequencies in the band have different radiation patterns, and the multifunctional radiation device has the advantage of multiple functions. The antenna adopts a microstrip structure, and has the advantages of planarization, miniaturization and light weight. The working bandwidth of the antenna is 10%, and the broadband antenna has the characteristic of broadband.
The utility model discloses can be applied to specific communication scenes such as point-to-point, coverage reinforcing.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1(a) is a side view of an antenna;
FIG. 1(b) is a top view of an antenna structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the dimensional parameters of the top layer structure of the antenna;
FIG. 3 is a graph of return loss of an embodiment antenna;
FIG. 4 is an E-plane and H-plane radiation pattern for an embodiment antenna at 3.4 GHz;
FIG. 5 is an E-plane and H-plane radiation pattern for an embodiment antenna at 3.5 GHz;
FIG. 6 is an E-plane and H-plane radiation pattern for an embodiment antenna at 3.6 GHz;
fig. 7 shows the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the embodiment antenna at 3.7 GHz.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Microstrip antenna with in-band frequency directional diagram diversity be plane microstrip structure, top layer and bottom print respectively in the both sides of medium base plate, as shown in fig. 1(a), 1 is top layer radiation structure, 2 is bottom metal floor, 3 is the medium base plate.
The top layer radiating structure is shown in fig. 1(b), and is composed of a microstrip feed line 11, a U-shaped radiating patch 12, a wide parasitic patch 13, and a narrow parasitic patch pair 14.
The U-shaped radiating patch, which includes two identical rectangular patches 121, is arranged in the width direction of the rectangular patches and connected by a thin patch 122 so that the two rectangular patches are located on the same side of the thin patch.
The feed position is in the center of the other side of the thin patch, wherein the microstrip feed line 11 is a path for energy input and output, and the length and the width of the microstrip feed line are adjusted according to the impedance matching condition of the antenna; the U-shaped radiating patch 12 may generate two resonant frequencies that determine the in-band low-end resonant frequency f of the antennaLAnd in-band high-end resonant frequency fH。
The wide parasitic patch is positioned between the two rectangular patches, two narrow parasitic patches are respectively arranged on two sides of the wide parasitic patch, and the microstrip antenna integrally forms a symmetrical structure. The wide parasitic patch, the narrow parasitic patch and the U-shaped radiating patch are separated by a gap. The introduction of the wide parasitic patch 13 and the narrow parasitic patch pair 14 may result in a third resonant frequency f0, i.e. the center frequency. By comprehensively adjusting the lengths and widths of the U-shaped radiating patch 12, the wide parasitic patch 13 and the narrow parasitic patch pair 14 and the gaps therebetween, the three resonant frequencies of the antenna and the impedance matching of the antenna can be changed to make the antenna have good echo characteristics and realize a 10% operating bandwidth.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the dimensional parameters of the top layer structure of the antenna.
The dimension of the microstrip antenna in the symmetrical direction is more than 2 times of the dimension in the vertical direction, that is, the dimension in the y-axis direction needs to be kept more than twice of the dimension in the x-axis direction in the U-shaped radiation patch 12, and at this time, the U-shaped radiation patch can generate two adjacent resonant frequencies fLAnd fH，
After the wide parasitic patch 13 and the narrow parasitic patch pair 14 are introduced, the current can have three distribution modes on the U-shaped radiating patch, so that the antenna can have three different radiation patterns including single-beam directional radiation, wide-beam directional radiation and dual-beam radiation at different frequencies in a band.
The main physical principle behind the antenna having three different radiation patterns at different frequencies within the band is that there are three current distribution modes within the U-shaped radiating patch 12.
By introducing the wide parasitic patch 13 and the narrow parasitic patch pair 14, a third resonance frequency f is generated0In addition, antenna impedance matching is also improved. The length and width of the U-shaped radiating patch 12, wide parasitic patch 13 and narrow parasitic patch pair 14, and the gap between each other can affect the impedance matching of the antenna.
One preferred scheme is as follows: the length of the microstrip feeder line 11 is 0.52 times of the medium wavelength, the width is 0.058 times of the medium wavelength, and the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line is 100 ohms; length l of rectangular patches at both ends of U-shaped radiation patch 121Is 0.5 times of the wavelength and width w of the medium1Is 0.44 times of medium wavelength, and the length of the intermediate connection fine patch is 0.92 times of medium wavelength, and the width w20.0077 times the medium wavelength; the length and width of the wide parasitic patch 13 are 0.45 times of the medium wavelength and 0.4 times of the medium wavelength respectively; the narrow parasitic patch pair 14 is composed of a pair of narrow radiating patches with the same size, and the length and the width are respectively 0.45 times of the medium wavelength and 0.077 times of the medium wavelength; the gap g between the narrow parasitic patch pair 14 and the wide parasitic patch 131A gap g of 0.039 times the dielectric wavelength between the narrow parasitic patch pair 14 and the U-shaped radiating patch 1220.145 times the wavelength of the medium. The medium wavelength is the corresponding medium wavelength at the working center frequency of the antenna.
FIGS. 3-7 are test curves for exemplary embodiments.
According to the manufacturing method, an exemplary embodiment for a microstrip antenna with in-band frequency pattern diversity is as follows: the antenna dielectric substrate 2 adopts Wangling F4B, the relative dielectric constant is 2.65, the thickness is 2mm, and the working center frequency F of the antenna is0Is 3.55GHz (medium wavelength of 51.9mm), fLIs 3.42GHz, fH3.69GHz and a return loss bandwidth of-10 dB of 350 MHz. The length of the microstrip feeder line 11 is 0.52 times of the medium wavelength (27.2mm), and the width is 0.058 times of the medium wavelength (3 mm); length l of rectangular patches at both ends of U-shaped radiation patch 121Is 0.5 times of medium wavelength (25.6mm) and width w1Is 0.44 times the medium wavelength (22.6mm), and the intermediate connection fine patch has a length of 0.92 times the medium wavelength (47.8mm) and a width w20.0077 times the medium wavelength (0.4 mm); the wide parasitic patch 13 has a length and a width of 0.4 respectively5 times the medium wavelength (23.5mm) and 0.4 times the medium wavelength (20.8 mm); the narrow parasitic patch pair 14 is composed of a pair of narrow radiating patches of the same size, the length and width of which are 0.45 times the medium wavelength (23.5mm) and 0.077 times the medium wavelength (4mm), respectively; the gap g between the narrow parasitic patch pair 14 and the wide parasitic patch 1310.039 times the dielectric wavelength (2mm), the gap g between the narrow parasitic patch pair 14 and the U-shaped radiating patch 122Is 0.145 times the wavelength of the medium (7.5 mm).
FIG. 3 is a graph of return loss curves for an antenna of an embodiment, in-band return loss less than-16 dB, and return loss curves for resonant frequencies less than-22 dB.
Fig. 4 is an E-plane (xoz-plane) and H-plane (yoz-plane) radiation pattern for the embodiment antenna at in-band frequency 3.4GHz, with the antenna radiation pattern seen as a single beam of directional radiation and the H-plane beam being narrower than the E-plane beam.
Fig. 5 shows the E-plane (xoz-plane) and H-plane (yoz-plane) radiation patterns of the embodiment antenna at 3.5GHz in-band frequency, and the antenna radiation pattern is seen to be single beam directional radiation, with the H-plane beam being narrower than, but already closer to, the E-plane beam.
Fig. 6 shows E-plane (xoz plane) and H-plane (yoz plane) radiation patterns of the embodiment antenna at 3.6GHz in-band frequency, and the antenna radiation pattern is seen to be single beam directional radiation. However, the H-plane beam has a larger beam broadening, is wider than the E-plane beam, and appears as a wide beam directional radiation pattern.
Fig. 7 shows E-plane (xoz-plane) and H-plane (yoz-plane) radiation patterns of the embodiment antenna at 3.7GHz in-band frequency, the H-plane pattern splitting into two beams, and the antenna radiation pattern directing radiation for the two beams.
As can be seen from fig. 4 to 7, the antenna of the embodiment has diverse radiation patterns including single beam directional radiation, wide beam directional radiation, and dual beam radiation at different frequencies within the band.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. A microstrip antenna having in-band directional pattern diversity comprising:
the U-shaped radiation patch comprises two identical rectangular patches which are arranged along the width direction of the rectangular patches and connected by the thin patch, so that the two rectangular patches are positioned on the same side of the thin patch; the position of feeding is in the center of the other side of the thin patch;
the wide parasitic patch is positioned between the two rectangular patches, and the two sides of the wide parasitic patch are respectively provided with a narrow parasitic patch, so that a symmetrical structure is formed on the whole; the wide parasitic patch, the narrow parasitic patch and the U-shaped radiating patch are separated by a gap,
the length of the rectangular patch is 0.5 times of the medium wavelength, the width of the rectangular patch is 0.44 times of the medium wavelength, and the length of the thin patch connected between the two rectangular patches is 0.92 times of the medium wavelength.
2. The microstrip antenna having in-band pattern diversity according to claim 1,
the microstrip feed line has a length of 0.52 times the dielectric wavelength and a width of 0.058 times the dielectric wavelength.
3. The microstrip antenna having in-band pattern diversity according to claim 1,
the width of the thin patch connected between the two rectangular patches is 0.0077 times of the wavelength of the medium.
4. The microstrip antenna according to any of claims 1 to 3 having in-band pattern diversity,
the gap between the narrow parasitic patch and the wide parasitic patch is 0.039 times of the medium wavelength, and the distance between the narrow parasitic patch and the rectangular radiation patch is 0.145 times of the medium wavelength.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113488774A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-08 | 中国信息通信研究院 | Microstrip antenna with in-band directional diagram diversity and manufacturing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113488774A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-08 | 中国信息通信研究院 | Microstrip antenna with in-band directional diagram diversity and manufacturing method |
| CN113488774B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2024-04-12 | 中国信息通信研究院 | Microstrip antenna with in-band pattern diversity and manufacturing method |
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