CN215067386U - Self-focusing lens for LD - Google Patents
Self-focusing lens for LD Download PDFInfo
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- CN215067386U CN215067386U CN202121581406.5U CN202121581406U CN215067386U CN 215067386 U CN215067386 U CN 215067386U CN 202121581406 U CN202121581406 U CN 202121581406U CN 215067386 U CN215067386 U CN 215067386U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a self-focusing lens for LD relates to optical element technical field, and self-focusing lens includes the lens body, and the lens body has center and principal optical axis vertically income plain noodles and goes out the plain noodles, and the income plain noodles is two-dimentional free curved surface, and the play plain noodles is the one-dimensional curved surface, and the refracting index of lens body reduces to the edge by the center of crossing the principal optical axis gradually, the utility model discloses a self-focusing lens can carry out the cubic convergence to the divergent angle of laser beam's fast axle, and the divergent angle of slow axle carries out twice convergence, accomplishes the collimation to laser beam, and collimation is efficient, and the income plain noodles is the curved surface with going out the plain noodles, easy processing.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an optical element technical field particularly, relates to a LD is with self-focusing lens.
Background
The self-focusing lens is also called gradient graded index lens, and refers to a cylindrical optical lens with the refractive index gradually reduced from the central axis to the periphery along the radial direction and in axisymmetric parabolic distribution. The optical fiber laser has the functions of collimation, focusing, coupling, imaging and the like, has the advantages of small volume, high coupling efficiency and low insertion loss, and can image on the end face. In addition to the cylindrical and small appearance, the self-focusing lens is widely used for various active and passive optical devices, such as an optical fiber connector, an optical fiber coupler, a wavelength division multiplexer, an optical attenuator, an optical isolator, an optical filter, an optical switch, an optical fiber collimator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, an optical fiber grating and the like; meanwhile, the optical fiber is widely applied to the field of medical optics.
The LD laser emits light from the side of the laser, and the divergence angle in the fast axis direction is large. The divergence angles of the fast and slow axes are large and different, and are usually 5-20 degrees for the slow axis and 40-70 degrees for the fast axis; therefore, the energy distribution of the light beam is not uniform, and the quality of the light beam is not good, so that the coupling efficiency of the light beam to the optical fiber is lower in the application of the laser; the divergence angle needs to be converged to complete the collimation of the laser beam.
In the prior art, the self-focusing lens for laser collimation mostly adopts a cylindrical structure with planar front and rear end surfaces, but is suitable for a laser with a small light emitting surface or a laser with small divergence angle of a fast-slow axis light beam, or the collimation efficiency is influenced. There are also traditional lenses using a double-sided injection molding special surface type, which can improve the collimation coupling efficiency, but because the special surface type is not easy to process, the cost is high and is influenced by the mold, and the customization is not flexible enough.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a self-focusing lens for LD, its income plain noodles and play plain noodles are simple curvature face type, easily processing, and can carry out the cubic convergence to the fast axle of laser, and the slow axle carries out twice convergence, has improved collimation efficiency.
The embodiment of the utility model is realized like this:
the utility model discloses a LD is with self-focusing lens, it includes the lens body, the lens body have with principal optical axis vertically go into plain noodles and go out the plain noodles, go into the plain noodles and be two-dimentional free-form surface, go out the plain noodles and be the one-dimensional curved surface, the refracting index of lens body reduces to the edge by the center of crossing the principal optical axis gradually.
Optionally, as an implementable manner, the lens body is cylindrical, the light incident surface and the light emergent surface are cylindrical two end surfaces respectively, and the length of the lens body is less than 2.5 mm.
Optionally, as a practical way, under the illumination of the wavelength of 900-1700nm, the refractive index at the over-axis center of the lens body is between 1.598 and 1.58.
Optionally, as a practical way, under the illumination of the wavelength of 900-1700nm, the refractive index of the edge of the lens body is between 1.522 and 1.5.
Optionally, as an implementable manner, the curved surface direction of the one-dimensional curved surface is a fast axis direction.
Optionally, as an implementable manner, the refractive index of the lens body satisfies:
wherein, N (r) is the refractive index of the lens body at the position r away from the central axis of the lens, NO is the refractive index of the lens body at the central axis, r is the length away from the central axis of the lens body, A is the refractive index distribution constant, and the value range of A is between 0.59 and 0.6.
Optionally, as an implementable manner, the two-dimensional free-form surface is a spherical surface, and the spherical surface protrudes outward.
Optionally, as an implementable manner, the diameter of the lens body is between 0.75mm and 1.25 mm.
Optionally, as an implementable manner, the focal length of the lens body is between 0.5mm and 1.5 mm.
Optionally, as an implementable manner, the numerical aperture of the lens body is between 0.46-0.6.
The utility model discloses beneficial effect includes:
the utility model provides a LD is with self-focusing lens, including the lens body, the lens body have with principal optical axis vertically income plain noodles and play plain noodles, it is two-dimentional free-form surface to go into the plain noodles, laser beam passes into the plain noodles, two-dimentional free-form surface can be simultaneously to the divergence angle of laser beam's fast axle and slow axle converging, it is the one-dimensional curved surface to go out the plain noodles, when laser beam is followed out the plain noodles and is exited, the one-dimensional curved surface can be once more converged the divergence angle of laser beam's fast axle, the refracting index of lens body reduces to the edge by the center of crossing the principal optical axis gradually, when laser beam passes the lens body, because the refracting index of lens body is the gradual change, can converge fast axle and the divergence angle of slow axle of laser beam. So said, the utility model provides a LD can carry out the cubic to the divergence angle of laser beam's fast axle with self-focusing lens and converge, and the divergence angle of slow axle carries out twice convergence, accomplishes the collimation to laser beam, and the collimation is efficient, and goes into the plain noodles and go out the plain noodles and be simple curved surface, easy to process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a self-focusing lens for LD according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a view showing the direction of light propagation in a 0.25 pitch autofocus lens;
FIG. 2b is the direction of light propagation in a 0.50 pitch autofocus lens;
FIG. 2c is a view of the direction of light propagation in a 0.75 pitch autofocus lens;
FIG. 2d is the direction of light propagation in a 1.0 pitch autofocus lens;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of another view angle of a self-focusing lens for LD according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another view angle of the self-focusing lens for LD according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 110-a light incident surface; 120-a lens body; 130-the light-emitting surface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
The LD laser emits light from the side surface of the laser, and the divergence angles of the fast axis and the slow axis of the emitted laser beam are larger and different, so that the energy distribution of the beam is uneven, the quality of the beam is not good, and the wide application of the laser in various fields is influenced. In the prior art, most of self-focusing lenses for laser collimation adopt a cylindrical structure with planar front and rear end surfaces, but are suitable for lasers with smaller light emitting surfaces or lasers with small divergence angle of fast and slow axis light beams, otherwise collimation efficiency is influenced. Although the collimating coupling efficiency can be improved by using a lens with a double-sided injection molding special surface type, the special surface type is difficult to process, the cost is high, the special surface type is influenced by a mold, and the customization is not flexible enough.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a self-focusing lens for LD, as shown in fig. 1, 3, including lens body 120, lens body 120 has center and the perpendicular income plain noodles 110 of principal optical axis and goes out plain noodles 130, goes into plain noodles 110 and is two-dimentional free curved surface, goes out plain noodles 130 and is the one-dimensional curved surface, and lens body 120's refracting index reduces to the edge by the center of crossing the principal optical axis gradually.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the center positions of the light incident surface 110 and the light emitting surface 130 of the self-focusing lens for LD are perpendicular to the main optical axis. The center of the light incident surface 110 is a plane tangent to the center of the two-dimensional free curved surface, and the center of the light emitting surface 130 is a plane tangent to the center of the one-dimensional surface, so that the main optical axis of the laser beam can vertically and sequentially penetrate through the light incident surface 110, the lens body 120 and the light emitting surface 130, and the laser beam can be collimated.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that light travels in a straight line in a homogeneous medium and that light bends as the refractive index of the medium changes continuously. By adopting the self-focusing lens with the radial gradient refractive index, the refractive index of which is highest at the main optical axis and gradually decreases along the radial direction of the section, the propagation track of light rays in the lens is not a straight line but a curve. Whereas in a self-focusing lens the light beam travels along a sinusoidal track for a length of one period of a sine wave, referred to as one pitch, the light travels differently in different pitch self-focusing lenses, as shown in fig. 2a, 2b, 2c and 2 d. According to the light transmission principle of the self-focusing lens, for the self-focusing lens with 0.25 pitch, when a beam of parallel light is input from one end face, the parallel light is converged on the other end face after passing through the self-focusing lens. As shown in fig. 2a, a 0.25 pitch autofocus lens accomplishes focusing of light. Collimation is a reversible application of focusing, and also for 0.25 pitch autofocus lenses, when the converging light enters from one end of the autofocus lens, it becomes parallel rays through the autofocus lens. The self-focusing lens of the utility model utilizes the characteristic of 0.25 pitch to collimate the light.
The refractive index is a ratio of a propagation speed of light in a vacuum to a propagation speed of light in the medium. That is to say, the refractive index is related to the wavelength of the incident light, and the longer the wavelength of the incident light, the smaller the refractive index, the refractive index in the embodiment of the present invention is the refractive index corresponding to the wavelength of the incident light of 900-1700 nm.
The utility model provides a LD is with self-focusing lens, including lens body 120, lens body 120 have with principal optical axis vertically income plain noodles 110 and play plain noodles 130, it is two-dimentional free-form surface to go into plain noodles 110, laser beam passes income plain noodles 110, two-dimentional free-form surface can be simultaneously to laser beam's fast axle and slow axle's divergence angle converge, it is the one-dimensional curved surface to go out plain noodles 130, laser beam is from going out when plain noodles 130 outgoing, the one-dimensional curved surface can be once more to laser beam's fast axle's divergence angle convergence, lens body 120's refracting index reduces to the edge by the center of crossing the principal optical axis gradually, when laser beam passes lens body 120, because lens body 120's refracting index is gradual change, can converge laser beam's fast axle and slow axle's divergence angle. So say, the utility model provides a self-focusing lens can carry out the cubic convergence to the divergence angle of laser beam's fast axle, and the divergence angle of slow axle carries out twice convergence, accomplishes the collimation to laser beam, and the collimation is efficient, process the utility model discloses a divergence angle of self-focusing lens's laser is less than 1 degree, and goes into plain noodles 110 and play plain noodles 130 and be simple curved surface, easy to process.
Optionally, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the lens body 120 is cylindrical, the light incident surface 110 and the light emitting surface 130 are respectively cylindrical two end surfaces, and the length of the lens body 120 is less than 2.5 mm.
The cylinder is a simple geometric shape, optical processing is easy to carry out, and the self-focusing lens can finish the collimation of the laser beam, so that the optical system has a compact structure and stable performance. The pitch of the self-focusing lens influences the collimation efficiency of the self-focusing lens, the pitch of the self-focusing lens is related to the length of the lens body, and the pitch calculation formula of the self-focusing lens is as follows:
wherein S is the pitch of the self-focusing lens, A is the refractive index distribution constant, and Z is the length of the self-focusing lens.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an according to in order to reach the collimation effect, adopt 0.25 pitch, length is 2.5 mm's lens body 120.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, under the illumination of wavelength 900-.
Optionally, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the curved surface direction of the one-dimensional curved surface is a fast axis direction.
The divergence angle of the fast axis of the laser beam is 40-70 degrees, the divergence angle of the slow axis is 5-20 degrees, after the laser beam passes through the first convergence of the light incident surface 110 and the second convergence of the lens body 120, the slow axis can complete the convergence of the slow axis of the laser beam after two convergence because the divergence angle of the slow axis is small, but the divergence angle of the fast axis is relatively large, the convergence of the divergence angle of the fast axis can not be completed necessarily after the first two convergence, the light emitting surface 130 is set to be a one-dimensional curved surface, the direction of the one-dimensional curved surface is arranged corresponding to the direction of the fast axis of the laser beam, and the one-dimensional curved surface is used for carrying out the third convergence on the divergence angle of the fast axis of the laser beam after the first two convergence. After the fast axis of the laser beam is converged for three times, the divergence angle is converged within 1 degree.
Optionally, in an achievable mode of the embodiment of the present invention, the refractive index of the lens body 120 satisfies:
wherein, n (r) is a refractive index of the lens body 120 at a position r from the central axis of the lens, NO is a refractive index of the lens body 120 at the central axis, r is a distance of a position on the lens body 120 from the central axis of the lens body 120, and a is a refractive index distribution constant, wherein a ranges from 0.59 to 0.6.
The glass is prepared by using conventional focusing material glass and utilizing the weak chemical bond and small migration activation energy of monovalent metal ions (modified oxide) in the gaps of the basic skeleton of the network bodyThe glass material has relatively free movement and exchanges with monovalent metal ions of molten salt, so that the modified oxide components in the glass components are distributed according to a rule, and the refractive index of the glass material is presented according to the radial direction of the cylindrical material
And (4) distribution.
The particle exchange process of the glass is a process of transferring the positions of particles generated by thermal motion of molten salt and low-valence ions in the glass and the surface of the glass under a certain temperature, wherein the process comprises self-diffusion (mutual position change of ions of the same element) and mutual diffusion (position transfer between ions of different elements and equal electrovalence) of the ions. The mutual diffusion of the ions comes from the concentration difference of two or more ions, and the mutual diffusion of the ions can generate certain ion concentration distribution in the glass after a certain time, so as to form the self-focusing lens with the gradually-changed refractive index.
Optionally, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 4, the two-dimensional free-form surface is a spherical surface, and the spherical surface protrudes outward.
The two-dimensional free curved surface can be used for converging divergence angles of a fast axis and a slow axis of a laser beam due to the free curvature of the laser beam with two dimensions, the spherical surface is the two-dimensional curved surface with the same curvature of the two dimensions, the divergence angles of the fast axis and the slow axis of the laser beam can be converged to the same degree, and the spherical surface is easier to process.
Alternatively, in a practical manner of the embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the diameter of the lens body 120 is between 0.75mm and 1.25 mm.
The utility model is used for laser collimation, when laser light is handled, under the condition that processing technology condition allows, ensure under the prerequisite of laser treatment effect, select the volume of the less optical element of volume in order to reduce laser equipment as far as possible, the utility model discloses the diameter of self-focusing lens is selected at 0.75mm-1.25 mm.
Optionally, in an achievable manner of the embodiments of the present invention, the focal length of the lens body 120 is between 0.5mm and 1.5 mm.
The focal length calculation formula of the self-focusing lens is as follows:
where f is the focal length of the self-focusing lens, a is the refractive index distribution constant, NO is the refractive index at the central axis of the lens body 120, and Z is the length of the self-focusing lens.
Optionally, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the numerical aperture of the lens body 120 is between 0.46 and 0.6.
Numerical aperture is a major technical parameter of lenses and condensers to measure the angular range of light that the system can collect. The larger the numerical aperture, the more light collected and the higher the resolution, the numerical aperture describing the size of the lens 'light-converging cone, which determines the lens' light-converging power and spatial resolution.
The fast axis divergence angle of the laser beam is 40-70 degrees, the half angle is 20-35 degrees, in order to lead the laser beam emitted by the laser to the self-focusing lens, the self-focusing lens at least has a critical angle above 25 degrees, generally, the sine function of the critical angle is called the numerical aperture, when the half angle of the divergence angle of the laser is 25 degrees, the numerical aperture is 0.43, namely, when the numerical aperture is more than 0.43, the laser emitted by the laser can completely enter the lens. The numerical aperture of the self-focusing lens provided by the embodiment of the utility model is between 0.46 and 0.6.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a self-focusing is also called gradient variable refractive index, is that the refraction distributing type is along radial gradual change promptly. The glass material is formed by processing through a special process, and particularly, various methods for manufacturing the self-focusing lens comprise vapor deposition, ion filling, vacuum evaporation, sol-gel and the like. The ion exchange method is a method commonly used at present, and the ion exchange method is a network body base of a glass material using a self-focusing lensThe univalent metal ions (modified oxide) in the framework gaps have the characteristics of weaker chemical bonds, smaller migration activation energy and freer action, and can be exchanged with the fused salt univalent metal ions, so that the modified oxide components in the glass material are distributed according to the rule, and the refractive index of the glass material is further represented according to the radial direction of the cylindrical material
And (4) distribution. The specific operation steps are as follows:
step 1: the glass material required for preparing the self-focusing lens is provided, wherein the components of the glass material comprise silicon dioxide, carbon monoxide lump, boron oxide and titanium dioxide. Sodium oxide and zinc oxide, wherein the mass percent of each component is 60-65% of silicon dioxide; 7% -13% of CO lump; 4% -8% of boron oxide; 2 to 3 percent of titanium dioxide, 9 to 18 percent of sodium oxide and 4 to 5 percent of zinc oxide.
Step 2: carrying out an ion exchange process on a glass material in molten salt, wherein the conditions of the ion exchange process are as follows: heating to 550-570 ℃ at 350-490 ℃ at the heating rate of 100-200 ℃ per hour, and then carrying out constant temperature operation at 550-570 ℃ for 50-80 hours, wherein the molten salt is potassium nitrate.
And step 3: and (5) cooling and forming.
And 4, step 4: the outer surface of the formed self-focusing lens is processed, including the two-dimensional free-form surface processing of the light incident surface 110, the one-dimensional curved surface processing of the light emitting surface 130, and the surface processing of the cylindrical surface.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The self-focusing lens for the LD is characterized by comprising a lens body, wherein the lens body is provided with a light incidence surface and a light emergence surface, the center of the light incidence surface is perpendicular to a main optical axis, the light incidence surface is a two-dimensional free curved surface, the light emergence surface is a one-dimensional curved surface, and the refractive index of the lens body is gradually reduced from the center of the main optical axis to the edge.
2. The self-focusing lens for LD according to claim 1, wherein the lens body is cylindrical, the light incident surface and the light emergent surface are two end surfaces of the cylinder respectively, and the length of the lens body is less than 2.5 mm.
3. The self-focusing lens for LD according to claim 2, characterized in that, under the illumination of wavelength 900-1700nm, the refractive index at the over-axis center of the lens body is between 1.598-1.58.
4. The self-focusing lens for LD according to claim 2, characterized in that under the illumination of wavelength 900-1700nm, the edge refractive index of the lens body is between 1.522-1.5.
5. The self-focusing lens for LD according to claim 1, characterized in that, the curved surface direction of the one-dimensional curved surface is the fast axis direction.
6. The self-focusing lens for LD according to claim 2, wherein the radial refractive index profile of the lens body satisfies:
wherein, N (r) is the refractive index of the lens body at the position r away from the central axis of the lens, NO is the refractive index of the lens body at the central axis, r is the length of the lens body away from the central axis of the lens body, A is the refractive index distribution constant, and the value range of A is between 0.59 and 0.6.
7. The self-focusing lens for LD according to claim 1, characterized in that, the two-dimensional free-form surface is a spherical surface, and the spherical surface is convex outward.
8. The self-focusing lens for LD according to claim 2, characterized in that the diameter of the lens body is between 0.75mm-1.25 mm.
9. The self-focusing lens for LD according to claim 2, characterized in that the focal length of the lens body is between 0.5mm-1.5 mm.
10. The self-focusing lens for LD according to claim 2, characterized in that the numerical aperture of the lens body is between 0.46-0.6.
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| CN202121581406.5U CN215067386U (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2021-07-12 | Self-focusing lens for LD |
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| CN202121581406.5U CN215067386U (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2021-07-12 | Self-focusing lens for LD |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114326009A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-12 | 杭州宏景智驾科技有限公司 | Laser radar collimating device |
| CN115220135A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-10-21 | 上海中科澳谱光电器件有限公司 | Spherical micro self-focusing lens and production method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-07-12 CN CN202121581406.5U patent/CN215067386U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114326009A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-12 | 杭州宏景智驾科技有限公司 | Laser radar collimating device |
| CN115220135A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-10-21 | 上海中科澳谱光电器件有限公司 | Spherical micro self-focusing lens and production method thereof |
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