CN215067007U - Three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system - Google Patents
Three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN215067007U CN215067007U CN202120850119.3U CN202120850119U CN215067007U CN 215067007 U CN215067007 U CN 215067007U CN 202120850119 U CN202120850119 U CN 202120850119U CN 215067007 U CN215067007 U CN 215067007U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- adapter assembly
- connecting portion
- test system
- shell
- adapter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a three coaxial electromagnetic shield test system, including signal generator, matching circuit, first adapter subassembly, good conductor sleeve pipe, the sample that awaits measuring, second adapter subassembly, matching load subassembly and signal receiver. The two ends of the matching circuit are respectively connected with the signal generator and the first adapter assembly, the good conductor sleeve is seamlessly sleeved outside the first adapter assembly, the two ends of the sample to be tested are respectively connected with the first adapter assembly and the second adapter assembly, the second adapter assembly is seamlessly connected with the good conductor sleeve, and the two ends of the matching load assembly are respectively connected with the second adapter assembly and the signal receiver; the characteristic impedance of the matched load component is matched with the characteristic impedance of the sample to be tested. Compared with the prior art, the three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system has the advantages of being simple in operation, high in test precision, strong in repeatability, capable of directly testing the connector and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a three coaxial methods test electromagnetic shield technical field especially relates to a three coaxial electromagnetic shield test systems.
Background
With the rapid development of electronic communication and networks, the electromagnetic interference between devices has more and more serious influence on the performance of products, and the electromagnetic shielding performance of connectors and cables as important electronic components becomes a focus of attention. If the electromagnetic shielding effect of the connector and the cable is poor, useless signals or noise can be generated due to crosstalk, coupling and the like, and the performance stability and the service life of electronic equipment or a system are influenced. In order to reduce the electromagnetic pollution to the surrounding environment, shielded cables or connectors are required to be used in many electronic devices or systems, and how to characterize and evaluate the electromagnetic shielding performance is important.
The triple-coaxial method is based on the relation between shielding attenuation and transfer impedance, evaluates the shielding attenuation of the cable by measuring the transfer impedance, and is widely applied to detecting the electromagnetic shielding effect of the coaxial cable internationally. The triaxial system is a triaxial system including a core wire, a shield layer, and a good metal conductor tube of a coaxial cable. As shown in fig. 1, the core wire and the shielding layer of the coaxial cable 03 constitute an inner coaxial loop, the shielding layer of the coaxial cable 03 and the metal pipe 02 constitute an outer coaxial loop, and the shielding layer of the coaxial cable 03 serves as an outer conductor of the inner coaxial loop and an inner conductor of the outer coaxial loop. The near end of the inner coaxial loop is connected with a signal source 01, the far end of the inner coaxial loop is connected with a matching load 04, and the matching load 04 is equal to the characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable to be tested; the proximal end of the outer coaxial loop is short circuited and the distal end of the outer coaxial loop is connected to the receiver 05, and the signal source 01 applies a known voltage and current to the inner coaxial loop, which induces a voltage and current in the outer coaxial loop. According to the ratio of the output voltage of the signal source 01 and the input voltage of the receiver 05, the transfer impedance of the tested coaxial cable 03 can be calculated by combining an equivalent circuit diagram of the testing device.
The existing three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system mainly realizes the connection of a shielding layer by stripping and clamping the outer region of a tested cable, can cause the problem that the shielding performance of a connector cannot be accurately tested, is very complex and consumes long time for the pretreatment of a sample to be tested at each time, and causes the poor repeatability of a test result because the sample to be tested is split at each time. Therefore, a need exists for a triaxial electromagnetic shielding test system that is simple in operation, high in test accuracy and high in repeatability and can test a connector.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the application provides a three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system, which has the advantages of simplicity in operation, high test precision, strong repeatability, capability of directly testing a connector and the like.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes is:
a three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system comprises a signal generator, a matching circuit, a first adapter assembly, a good conductor sleeve, a sample to be tested, a second adapter assembly, a matching load assembly and a signal receiver, wherein:
the two ends of the matching circuit are respectively connected with the signal generator and the first adapter assembly, the good conductor sleeve is seamlessly sleeved outside the first adapter assembly, the two ends of the sample to be tested are respectively connected with the first adapter assembly and the second adapter assembly, the second adapter assembly is seamlessly connected with the good conductor sleeve, and the two ends of the matched load assembly are respectively connected with the second adapter assembly and the signal receiver; and the characteristic impedance of the matching load component is matched with the characteristic impedance of the sample to be tested.
Preferably, the sample that awaits measuring is including the inner conductor layer, insulating layer and the shielding layer that set gradually, the both ends of first adapter subassembly be equipped with respectively with inner conductor layer electric connection's first connecting portion, with shielding layer electric connection's second connecting portion and with seamless and electric connection's of good conductor sleeve pipe third connecting portion, the second connecting portion with third connecting portion electric connection.
Preferably, the third connecting portion is screwed with the good conductor bushing.
Preferably, the inside shield plate that is equipped with of good conductor sleeve pipe, be equipped with on the shield plate with first adapter subassembly with the coaxial screw thread through-hole of second adapter subassembly, second adapter subassembly sets up screw thread through-hole department and with shield plate threaded connection.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the connection part of the good conductor sleeve and the first adapter component is larger than or equal to the maximum outer diameter of the second adapter component.
Preferably, the second connecting portion includes a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece electrically connected to each other, the first connecting piece is electrically connected to the shielding layer, and the second connecting piece is electrically connected to the third connecting portion.
Preferably, the first connecting piece is provided with a protruding structure, and the protruding structure is electrically connected with the second connecting piece so as to improve the stability of the electrical contact between the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece.
Preferably, the first adapter assembly further comprises a plastic shell, the plastic shell is fixedly arranged on two sides of the third connecting portion and wraps the outer side of the second connecting portion, and a butt joint space is formed between the plastic shell and the second connecting portion and is used for being connected with other elements in a matched mode.
Preferably, the plastic shell includes first casing and second casing, first casing with the third connecting portion joint, the second casing with first casing cooperation is connected, just the second casing is located first casing with between the second connecting portion.
Preferably, the first adapter assembly further comprises a fixing sheet, a groove structure is arranged on the third connecting portion, a through hole structure is arranged on the first shell, and the fixing sheet is arranged in the groove structure and penetrates through the through hole structure to reinforce the connection stability of the first shell and the third connecting portion.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the first adapter assembly and the second adapter assembly which are respectively connected with the good conductor sleeve in a seamless mode are arranged, so that the test precision can be improved; the two adapter assemblies are respectively connected with the two ends of the sample to be tested, the sample to be tested is not damaged, and the operation is simple and the repeatability is high; in addition, the sample to be tested can be a connector or a jumper product, and the electromagnetic shielding performance of the three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system can be directly tested and evaluated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first adapter assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a first adapter assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the first adapter assembly without a plastic housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 01. a signal source; 02. a metal tube; 03. a coaxial cable; 04. matching loads; 05. a receiver; 1. a signal generator; 2. a matching circuit; 3. a first adapter assembly; 310. a first connection portion; 320. a second connecting portion; 321. a first connecting member; 321A, a convex structure; 322. a second connecting member; 330. a third connecting portion; 331. a thread structure; 332. clamping the bulges; 333. a groove structure; 340. a plastic shell; 341. a first housing; 341A, fixing groove; 341B, a via structure; 342. a second housing; 342A, a fixed protrusion; 350. a fixing sheet; 351. positioning the projection; 360. an insulating member; 4. a good conductor bushing; 41. a shielding plate; 5. a sample to be tested; 6. a second adapter assembly; 7. a matched load component; 8. a signal receiver.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms other than those specifically described herein, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that similar modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and it is therefore not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The embodiment of the application provides a three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system, and solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the pretreatment of a sample to be tested is long in time consumption and poor in test result repeatability, and generally a connector cannot be directly tested.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the embodiment of the present application:
the three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system comprises a signal generator 1, a matching circuit 2, a first adapter assembly 3, a good conductor sleeve 4, a sample 5 to be tested, a second adapter assembly 6, a matching load assembly 7 and a signal receiver 8. The two ends of the matching circuit 2 are respectively connected with the signal generator 1 and the first adapter component 3, the good conductor sleeve 4 is sleeved on the outer side of the first adapter component 3 in a seamless mode, the sample 5 to be tested is arranged in the good conductor sleeve 4, the two ends of the sample are respectively connected with the first adapter component 3 and the second adapter component 6, the second adapter component 6 is connected with the good conductor sleeve 4 in a seamless mode, and the two ends of the matching load component 7 are respectively connected with the second adapter component 6 and the signal receiver 8. The characteristic impedance of the matched load component 7 is matched with the characteristic impedance of the sample 3 to be measured. The good conductor bushing 4 refers to a bushing made of a good conductor without ferromagnetism, such as brass or pure copper. The sample 5 to be tested may be a connector or a jumper product, for example, the sample 5 to be tested is a differential signal connector.
In order to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, a three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system is long in test time consumption, a sample to be tested needs to be peeled and other destructive treatment, so that the test result repeatability is poor, the connector generally cannot be directly tested, and the like, the test precision can be improved by arranging a first adapter assembly and a second adapter assembly which are respectively connected with a good conductor sleeve in a seamless mode; the two adapter assemblies are respectively connected with the two ends of the sample to be tested, the sample to be tested is not damaged, and the operation is simple and the repeatability is high; in addition, the sample to be tested can be a connector or a jumper product, the electromagnetic shielding performance of the sample can be directly tested and evaluated, and the application range is wide.
Preferably, the sample 5 to be measured includes an inner conductor layer, an insulating layer, and a shielding layer, which are sequentially disposed, and the sample 5 to be measured may further include other structures, which is not specifically limited in this application. The first connection portion 310 electrically connected to the inner conductor layer, the second connection portion 320 electrically connected to the shielding layer, and the third connection portion 330 seamlessly and electrically connected to the good conductor sleeve 4 are respectively disposed at two ends of the first adapter assembly 3, and the second connection portion 320 is electrically connected to the third connection portion 330. The first connection portion 310, the second connection portion 320, and the third connection portion 330 are all metal conductor products, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, an insulator 360 is disposed between the first connection portion 310 and the second connection portion 320, and the second connection portion 320 and the third connection portion 330 are electrically connected by direct contact.
Preferably, the third connecting portion 330 is screwed with the good conductor sleeve 4 to achieve seamless connection therebetween. As shown in fig. 5, the third connecting portion 330 is provided with a thread structure 331, and correspondingly, an internal thread structure (not shown in the figure) is provided at a position where the good conductor sleeve 4 is connected with the good conductor sleeve in a matching manner, so that the seamless connection is ensured, the test accuracy is improved, the assembly is simple, the test time is saved, and the test efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the good conductor sleeve 4 is provided with a shielding plate 41 inside, the shielding plate 41 is provided with a threaded through hole (not shown in the figure) coaxial with the first adapter assembly 3 and the second adapter assembly 6, and the second adapter assembly 6 is arranged at the threaded through hole and is in threaded connection with the shielding plate 41. The shielding plate 41 with the threaded through hole is arranged to realize seamless connection between the second adapter assembly 6 and the good conductor sleeve 4 in a threaded connection mode, so that the assembly is simple while the test accuracy is improved, and the test efficiency is improved.
The second adapter assembly 6 can be pre-assembled inside the good conductor casing 4 during the manufacturing process, and the maximum outer diameter of the second adapter assembly 6 can be larger than, equal to, or smaller than the inner diameter of the larger opening end of the good conductor casing 4. The good conductor sleeve 4 can also be of two-piece buckling type, when the second adapter assembly 6 is connected with the sample 5 to be detected, the second adapter assembly 6 is placed behind the good conductor sleeve 4 and buckled, and the maximum outer diameter of the second adapter assembly 6 can be larger than, equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the end part of the good conductor sleeve 4 with the larger opening.
In order to facilitate the assembly of the triaxial electromagnetic shielding test system, even if the connection between the second adapter assembly 6 and the sample 5 to be tested is facilitated, and the second adapter assembly 6 is replaced with one structurally matched to the sample 5 to be tested, preferably, the inner diameter of the connection between the good conductor casing 4 and the first adapter assembly 2 is greater than or equal to the maximum outer diameter of the second adapter assembly 6. By the arrangement, the second adapter assembly 6 can smoothly pass through the joint of the good conductor sleeve 4 and the first adapter assembly 2, so that the assembly is convenient, and the test efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the second connection portion 320 includes a first connection member 321 and a second connection member 322 electrically connected. The first connecting element 321 is electrically connected to the shielding layer, and the second connecting element 322 is electrically connected to the third connecting portion 330. The first connecting piece 321 and the second connecting piece 322 which are arranged as the second connecting part 320 are separated, so that the second connecting part 320, the third connecting part 330 and the shielding layer are electrically connected while the second connecting part 320 and the shielding layer are electrically connected, the structure is simple, and the processing and the production are convenient.
More specifically, the first connecting element 321 has a protruding structure 321A, and the protruding structure 321A is electrically connected to the second connecting element 322. As shown in fig. 4, the sidewall of the first connecting member 321 is cut to obtain a groove and a tongue structure located in the groove, and the tongue structure is subjected to processes such as stamping and/or bending, so as to obtain a protruding structure 321A protruding from the sidewall surface of the first connecting member 321. When the first connector 321 is disposed inside the second connector 322, the protrusion 321A is in close contact with the inner wall of the second connector 322, which is helpful for improving the stability of the electrical contact between the first connector 321 and the second connector 322, and further is helpful for improving the testing stability of the triaxial electromagnetic shielding testing system.
Preferably, the first adapter assembly 3 further includes a plastic housing 340, the plastic housing 340 is fixedly disposed on two sides of the third connecting portion 330 and wraps the outer side of the second connecting portion 320, and a butt space is formed between the plastic housing 340 and the second connecting portion 320 for being connected with other components in a matching manner.
More specifically, the plastic housing 340 includes a first housing 341 and a second housing 342, the first housing 341 is connected to the third connecting portion 330 in a snap-fit manner, and the second housing 342 is located between the first housing 341 and the second connecting portion 320. As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the third connecting portion 330 is provided with a locking protrusion 332, and the first housing 341 is locked with the third connecting portion 330 by the locking protrusion 332. The inner wall of the first housing 341 is provided with a plurality of fixing grooves 341A, and the outer wall of the second housing 342 is provided with fixing protrusions 342A matching with the fixing grooves 341A. The first housing 341 and the second housing 342 can be tightly coupled together by the fixing groove 341A and the fixing protrusion 342A.
Preferably, the first adapter assembly 3 further includes a fixing plate 350, the third connecting portion 330 is provided with a groove structure 333, the first housing 341 is provided with a through hole structure 341B, and the fixing plate 350 is disposed in the groove structure 333 and passes through the through hole structure 341B for reinforcing the connection stability of the first housing 341 and the third connecting portion 330. More specifically, be provided with location arch 351 on the lateral wall of stationary blade 350, stationary blade 350 passes through location arch 351 and the inner wall joint of groove structure 333 and through-hole structure 341B respectively, can effectively prevent that first casing 341 that first adapter subassembly 3 and other component cooperation in-process caused by the plug from taking place to become flexible for third connecting portion 330, has improved the stability of being connected of first casing 341 and third connecting portion 330.
It should be noted that the structure of the second adapter assembly 6 is the same as or similar to that of the first adapter assembly 3, and the description thereof is omitted.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a triaxial electromagnetic shield test system which characterized in that, includes signal generator, matching circuit, first adapter subassembly, good conductor sleeve pipe, the sample that awaits measuring, second adapter subassembly, matching load subassembly and signal receiver, wherein:
the two ends of the matching circuit are respectively connected with the signal generator and the first adapter assembly, the good conductor sleeve is seamlessly sleeved outside the first adapter assembly, the two ends of the sample to be tested are respectively connected with the first adapter assembly and the second adapter assembly, the second adapter assembly is seamlessly connected with the good conductor sleeve, and the two ends of the matched load assembly are respectively connected with the second adapter assembly and the signal receiver; and the characteristic impedance of the matching load component is matched with the characteristic impedance of the sample to be tested.
2. The triaxial electromagnetic shield test system of claim 1, wherein: the sample that awaits measuring is including the inner conductor layer that sets gradually, insulating layer and shielding layer, the both ends of first adapter subassembly be equipped with respectively with inner conductor layer electric connection's first connecting portion, with shielding layer electric connection's second connecting portion and with the seamless and electric connection's of good conductor sleeve pipe third connecting portion, the second connecting portion with third connecting portion electric connection.
3. The triaxial electromagnetic shield test system of claim 2, wherein: the third connecting part is in threaded connection with the good conductor sleeve.
4. The triaxial electromagnetic shield test system of claim 3, wherein: the good conductor sleeve is internally provided with a shielding plate, the shielding plate is provided with a threaded through hole coaxial with the first adapter assembly and the second adapter assembly, and the second adapter assembly is arranged at the threaded through hole and is in threaded connection with the shielding plate.
5. The triaxial electromagnetic shield test system of claim 4, wherein: the inner diameter of the connection part of the good conductor sleeve and the first adapter assembly is larger than or equal to the maximum outer diameter of the second adapter assembly.
6. The triaxial electromagnetic shield test system of claim 2, wherein: the second connecting portion comprises a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece which are electrically connected, the first connecting piece is electrically connected with the shielding layer, and the second connecting piece is electrically connected with the third connecting portion.
7. The triaxial electromagnetic shield test system of claim 6, wherein: the first connecting piece is provided with a protruding structure, and the protruding structure is electrically connected with the second connecting piece so as to improve the stability of the electrical contact between the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece.
8. The triaxial electromagnetic shield test system of claim 2, wherein: the first adapter assembly further comprises a plastic shell, the plastic shell is fixedly arranged on two sides of the third connecting portion and wraps the outer side of the second connecting portion, and a butt joint space is formed between the plastic shell and the second connecting portion and is used for being connected with other elements in a matched mode.
9. The triaxial electromagnetic shield test system of claim 8, wherein: the plastic shell comprises a first shell and a second shell, the first shell is connected with the third connecting portion in a clamped mode, the second shell is connected with the first shell in a matched mode, and the second shell is located between the first shell and the second connecting portion.
10. The triaxial electromagnetic shield test system of claim 9, wherein: the first adapter assembly further comprises a fixing sheet, a groove structure is arranged on the third connecting portion, a through hole structure is arranged on the first shell, the fixing sheet is arranged in the groove structure and penetrates through the through hole structure to be used for reinforcing the first shell and the third connecting portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120850119.3U CN215067007U (en) | 2021-04-24 | 2021-04-24 | Three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120850119.3U CN215067007U (en) | 2021-04-24 | 2021-04-24 | Three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215067007U true CN215067007U (en) | 2021-12-07 |
Family
ID=79112694
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120850119.3U Active CN215067007U (en) | 2021-04-24 | 2021-04-24 | Three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN215067007U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114636866A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-17 | 苏州信科检测技术有限公司 | Shielding effectiveness testing device |
-
2021
- 2021-04-24 CN CN202120850119.3U patent/CN215067007U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114636866A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-17 | 苏州信科检测技术有限公司 | Shielding effectiveness testing device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3209287A (en) | Electrical coaxial cable connecting assembly with impedance matching | |
| CN107907806B (en) | Bus voltage measuring device based on GIS basin-type insulator distributed capacitance | |
| US7841898B1 (en) | Connector adapter | |
| CN215067007U (en) | Three-coaxial electromagnetic shielding test system | |
| KR20180057492A (en) | Cable connector with two sets of clamping plates for applying clamping force and reducing impact of impedance discontinuity | |
| CN108872646B (en) | Quick-plug type tail cable test connector | |
| US6118281A (en) | Method for determining the shielding effect of a shielded cabling path | |
| US5044990A (en) | RF coaxial connector | |
| CN107317198B (en) | Buckle type BNC radio frequency triaxial connector | |
| CN114755500B (en) | Connector shielding effectiveness testing device and method | |
| CN219434887U (en) | Batch test cable device | |
| US4281284A (en) | Method and apparatus for electrically contacting a material specimen to the conductors of a coaxial cable | |
| CN217820596U (en) | High-frequency 3M circular test tool of three-coaxial-method cable shielding effectiveness test system | |
| CN108535609B (en) | PCB antenna and external acoustic-electric composite sensor for GIS insulation defect detection | |
| US11624764B1 (en) | Flange mount coaxial connector system | |
| US11862909B2 (en) | Radio-frequency coaxial connector | |
| CN113655293A (en) | Coaxial connector electromagnetic shielding effectiveness testing device | |
| JP2001223056A (en) | Coaxial connector, coaxial cable confirming method and signal monitoring method | |
| CN217507835U (en) | High-frequency connector | |
| CN110867668A (en) | Shielded wire grounding device and electrical equipment | |
| CN205406861U (en) | Simple and easy radio frequency connector | |
| CN220253694U (en) | Coaxial connector for testing and testing module thereof | |
| CN214100178U (en) | Radio frequency signal adapter | |
| CN219163836U (en) | Electric connector with network adaptation function | |
| CN210744186U (en) | Shielded wire grounding device and electrical equipment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |