CN215057522U - Tunnel ventilation partition cascade control system - Google Patents
Tunnel ventilation partition cascade control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN215057522U CN215057522U CN202022319217.2U CN202022319217U CN215057522U CN 215057522 U CN215057522 U CN 215057522U CN 202022319217 U CN202022319217 U CN 202022319217U CN 215057522 U CN215057522 U CN 215057522U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a tunnel ventilation subregion cascade control system belongs to tunnel ventilation equipment technical field. It has solved the big scheduling problem of prior art design energy consumption. This tunnel ventilation subregion cascade control system is used for the tunnel, including the controller, its characterized in that: the tunnel is divided into a plurality of tunnel subareas, and each tunnel subarea is internally provided with a subarea traffic flow detector for detecting the traffic flow and the speed of the tunnel subarea, a subarea fan for ventilating the tunnel subareas and the like. The tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system has the advantages that: according to the specific conditions in different tunnel subareas, different rotating speeds are adopted for the fans, so that the optimization of resources is realized while the requirement on ventilation in the tunnel is ensured, the electric energy is saved, unnecessary waste of resources is reduced, and in addition, the traditional problems of timeliness and the like existing in the traditional tunnel ventilation control system valve can be finally solved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of ventilation equipment, especially, relate to a ventilation equipment for in tunnel.
Background
At present, the safe and energy-saving operation of the road tunnel is more and more concerned by people. The freeway policy of the holiday and freeway which is issued by the national department of transportation in 9 months of 2012, although the convenience of returning to home in holidays is realized, the problem of going out of the expressway is followed.
In highways, highway tunnels play an important role. The construction of the highway tunnel not only solves the problems of long traffic travel, rugged terrain, inconvenient roads and the like, but also effectively saves the precious time of travelers and plays a certain role in protecting the ecological environment.
However, with the increasing of traffic volume, harmful gases such as CO and VI discharged by automobiles in the process of driving in a highway tunnel not only hinder driving safety, but also greatly increase the harm to the bodies of vehicle drivers. Many places are highway tunnels at the city side, pedestrians and non-motor vehicles are inevitable to pass, and the requirement of the air quality in the tunnels on the part of pedestrians is higher. In addition, when a fire disaster happens inside the highway tunnel, the ventilation control system inside the tunnel can timely and effectively exhaust air inside the tunnel, so that a driver can be ensured to have good driving environment and driving safety in the tunnel.
Tunnel fans are very power intensive (typically between 18-30Kw each) and typically operate at about 70% of the total energy consumed by the tunnel, which is prohibitively expensive if the fans are not regulated at normal rated power, and typically operate for unnecessary periods of time. However, the existing tunnel ventilation control system only considers the regular and quantitative air exhaust, does not consider the change of tunnel environmental quality, the environmental requirements of pedestrians and non-motor vehicles, the ventilation requirements of emergency working conditions (including traffic jam, traffic accidents, fire disasters and the like), the energy-saving requirements and the like, and exposes a plurality of disadvantages.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a solve at least partly tunnel ventilation subregion cascade control system in the above-mentioned problem.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal: the utility model discloses a tunnel ventilation subregion cascade control system for the tunnel, including the controller, its characterized in that: the system comprises a tunnel, a plurality of tunnel subareas, subarea vehicle flow detectors and subarea fans, wherein the subarea vehicle flow detectors are used for detecting vehicle flow and vehicle speed in the tunnel subareas, the subarea fans are used for ventilating the tunnel subareas, the subarea vehicle flow detectors are in one-to-one correspondence with the tunnel subareas and are electrically connected with the subarea vehicle flow detectors in the tunnel subareas, and a subarea air volume demand estimation module is electrically connected with a controller.
In the tunnel ventilation subarea cascade control system, the system also comprises a plurality of subarea air volume correction modules which are in one-to-one correspondence with the tunnel subareas and subarea environment detection components which are electrically connected with the subarea air volume correction modules and are arranged on each tunnel subarea, the subarea air volume correction modules are arranged between one corresponding subarea air volume estimation module and the controller, and the subarea air volume correction modules correct data obtained by the corresponding subarea air volume estimation module according to data obtained by the corresponding subarea environment detection components.
In the tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system, the zone environment detection assembly comprises a zone CO concentration detector and a zone VI detector.
In the tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system, the zone environment detection assembly further comprises a zone humidity detector.
In the tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system, harmful gases including CO and NO estimated by the zone air quantity estimation module2And CO2Any one or more of.
In the tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system, the zone fans are arranged at the upper parts of the corresponding tunnel zones.
In the tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system, the zone fan is a stepless speed regulating fan.
In the tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system, the air ports of all zone fans are arranged in the same direction along the extending direction of the tunnel.
Compared with the prior art, the tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system has the advantages that: different from prior art, this scheme according to the tunnel subregion of difference concrete condition, adopt different rotational speeds to the fan, when guaranteeing the interior ventilation requirement of tunnel like this, realized the optimization of resource, practice thrift the electric energy, in order to reduce the resource unnecessary extravagant, finally can also solve traditional problems such as the ageing that exists in the traditional tunnel ventilation control system valve in addition.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 provides the embodiment of the present invention, which is a working principle diagram of the tunnel for discharging a large amount of generated smoke by adjusting the rotation speed of the fan when a fire condition is encountered in the tunnel.
Fig. 2 provides a flow chart of the control system applied to exhaust of each tunnel partition in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 provides a graph of the relationship between the fan air volume and the fan air pressure and the fan rotating speed.
In the figure, a tunnel 1, a tunnel partition 11, a partition traffic flow detector 2, a partition fan 3, a partition air demand estimation module 4, a partition air demand correction module 5, a partition CO concentration detector 61, a partition VI detector 62, a partition humidity detector 63, a controller 7, a frequency converter 8, and a fire point 9.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system, which is used for a tunnel 1, includes a controller 7, and is characterized in that: the system comprises a tunnel 1, a plurality of tunnel subareas 11, subarea vehicle flow detectors 2 and subarea fans 3, wherein each tunnel subarea 11 is internally provided with a subarea vehicle flow detector 2 used for detecting the vehicle flow and the vehicle speed in the tunnel subarea 11, the subarea fans 3 used for ventilating the tunnel subareas 11, the subarea vehicle flow detectors 2 correspond to the tunnel subareas 11 one by one and are connected with the subarea vehicle flow detectors 2 in the tunnel subareas 11, and a subarea air demand estimation module 4 electrically connected with a controller, the subarea air demand estimation module 4 estimates the concentration of harmful gas in the tunnel subareas 11 through the vehicle flow and vehicle speed data detected by the subarea vehicle flow detectors 2 so as to estimate the ventilation quantity to be increased, and the controller controls the rotating speed of the subarea fans 3 in the tunnel subareas 11 according to the data transmitted by the subarea air demand estimation module 4.
According to the requirement, the harmful gas estimated by the subarea air volume demand estimation module 4 can be in CO and NO2And CO2Is selected from any one or more of them.
First, the relationship between the air quantity required in the tunnel and the rotating speed of the fan is explained, and the mechanical characteristics of the fan have quadratic law characteristics, namely the quadratic equation of the torque and the rotating speed is changed in proportion. At low speed, the flow rate of the fluid is low, so that the torque of the load is small, and as the rotating speed of the motor on the fan is increased, the flow rate is increased, and the load torque and the power (shaft power) are increased.
Load torque TLAnd the rotational speed n is given by:
TL＝T0+KTn2，T0torque at no load, KTA torque constant that is a quadratic load;
mechanical power (shaft power) P and torque T of the loadLThe formula of the relationship between the rotation speed n is:
P＝TLn/9550；
the relationship between power (shaft power) P and speed n can be found as:
P＝P0+Kpn3，P0loss at no load, KpIs the power constant of the quadratic load.
When the required air volume is reduced, the rotating speed n of the fan is reduced, so that the power consumption of the motor on the fan is greatly reduced, as shown in fig. 3, the feasibility and the energy saving performance of fan speed regulation can be shown through the analysis of the relation curve graph of the air volume, the air pressure and the rotating speed of the fan, and the curve graph in fig. 3 is specifically described as follows:
the curve 1 is a characteristic curve of air quantity and air pressure of the fan at a constant speed; curve 2 is the resistance characteristic curve of the fan at constant speed,point B is the intersection point of the characteristic curve 1 and the resistance characteristic curve 2 of the fan at the constant speed, and if the corresponding output air quantity is Q2At 100%, the power (i.e. the power of the motor shaft on the fan) P at this momentBAnd BQ2OH2Is proportional to the area of the substrate; when the air quantity demand is from Q2Down to Q1In the meantime, the resistance characteristic curve becomes curve 3, and the wind pressure is changed from H2Is changed into H1When the working point is shifted from point B to point A, the wind pressure is increased, and the power (namely the power of a motor shaft on the fan) P is increasedAWith AQ1OH1The area is in direct proportion, the reduction is not obvious, and if the mode of adjusting the rotating speed of the fan is used, the rotating speed of the fan is adjusted by n1Down to n2The working condition point is moved from the point B to the point C; curve 4 is at a rotational speed n2The characteristic curve of the lower air quantity and the lower air pressure; therefore, the same air quantity Q is satisfied1Under the condition of (2), wind pressure H3Is greatly reduced, at the moment, the shaft power PCAnd CQ1OH 3The area is proportional.
The working principle of the system is as follows: according to the vehicle flow and the vehicle speed which are detected by the subarea vehicle flow detector 2 and are positioned in the tunnel subarea 11 at the current moment, system simulation is carried out through SUMO software, estimated values of pollutant gases (such as CO and VI) in tail gas discharged by a vehicle are calculated through 'highway tunnel ventilation and illumination design specifications', final air demand is determined according to the estimated values of the CO and the VI, then relevant data are transmitted to the controller 7, then the controller 7 controls the rotating speed of each subarea fan 3 through the frequency converter 8, the output of the air demand is adjusted in a mode of adjusting the rotating speed of the subarea fan 3, therefore, the rotating speed of each subarea fan 3 is changed by continuously repeating the process in different time periods, and finally, the expected power value of each control period fan can be obtained, so as to realize subarea cascade control of tunnel traffic volume, environment quality and tunnel ventilation effect, the tunnel ventilation energy-saving control system has the advantages that the tunnel air quality is kept in a good state, tunnel traffic safety is greatly improved, the service life of electromechanical equipment is greatly prolonged, meanwhile, tunnel ventilation energy-saving control can be achieved, a touch screen connected with the controller can be arranged for better monitoring the running state and controlling the fan, and relevant information can be displayed on the touch screen timely.
It should be noted that, in one or some implementations, the controller is a master controller, which receives data sent by the partition air demand estimation modules 4 in the tunnel partitions 11 and adjusts the rotation speed of the partition fan 3 directly or indirectly connected thereto according to the data, and in another or some implementations, the controller may also be a set of controllers, each of which corresponds to one tunnel partition 11 corresponding to one of the controllers, to receive data sent by the partition air demand estimation modules 4 on the tunnel partition 11 and adjust the rotation speed of the partition fan 3 on the tunnel partition 11 directly or indirectly connected thereto according to the data.
In addition, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the rotating speed of the partition fan 3, the partition fan 3 is a stepless speed-regulating fan, so that the partition fan 3 can better execute the execution instruction for adjusting the rotating speed sent by the controller 7.
In one or some embodiments, the system further includes a plurality of partition air demand correction modules 5 corresponding to the tunnel partitions 11 one to one, and partition environment detection components electrically connected to the partition air demand correction modules and arranged on each tunnel partition 11, the partition air demand correction module 5 is arranged between one partition air demand estimation module 4 corresponding to the partition air demand correction module 5 and the controller 7, and the partition air demand correction module 5 corrects data obtained by the partition air demand estimation module 4 corresponding to the partition air demand correction module according to data obtained by the partition environment detection component corresponding to the partition air demand correction module 5.
Specifically, the partitioned environment detection assembly includes a partitioned CO concentration detector 61 and a partitioned VI detector 62, where the partitioned VI detector 62 is for detecting visibility.
To further improve the accuracy of the ventilation data, in one or some embodiments, the zoned environment detection assembly further includes a zoned moisture detector 63.
As shown in fig. 2, a work flow of the control system including the partition air demand correction module 5 is shown, the partition environment detection component is configured to detect air data in the corresponding tunnel partition 11, the partition air demand correction module 5 corrects the data detected by the partition environment detection component to the data obtained by the partition air demand estimation module 4 to improve accuracy, and then transmits the corrected data to the controller 7, and the controller 7 controls the rotation speed of each partition fan 3.
Since the resistance encountered by the upper portion of the tunnel during ventilation is significantly less than that encountered by the lower portion thereof, in one or more embodiments, the zone fans 3 are disposed at the upper portion of the tunnel zones 11 corresponding thereto, so that ventilation is always performed at the upper portion of the tunnel, so that the harmful gas in the tunnel is discharged out of the tunnel through the upper portion of the tunnel with a relatively smooth flow.
In one or some embodiments, the air ports of all the partition fans 3 are arranged in the same direction along the extending direction of the tunnel 1, so that the consistency of the air exhaust direction is realized, and the harmful gas in the tunnel is favorably exhausted out of the tunnel along with the air exhaust.
A specific example of the present control system is given below.
The system and the highway tunnel fire-fighting monitoring system form linkage control, the starting and running speeds of the fan are automatically converted according to the smoke concentration condition in the tunnel, the system automatically analyzes and starts the speed control of the fan, and once an emergency occurs, smoke in the tunnel can be discharged as soon as possible, so that the time is won for emergency rescue.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the system receives a fire alarm signal from a highway tunnel fire monitoring system, and analyzes and calculates a control signal according to the detection data of a smoke concentration detector in the tunnel to start the partition fans 3 of the corresponding tunnel partitions 11. Determining smoke exhaust critical wind speed according to the heat release rate of a tunnel fire accident, calculating the corresponding fan running speed, adopting the cascade control technology of each group of fans in the tunnel, analyzing and calculating fan speed regulation signals according to detection data of each subarea, adopting a mode of wind speed relay of each group of fans in each area to ensure that the whole wind speed formed in the tunnel is less than or equal to the smoke exhaust critical wind speed, preventing smoke backflow from damaging vehicles and detained personnel blocked at the upstream of the fire, prolonging the laminar flow time of the smoke at the top of the tunnel, avoiding the smoke from diffusing at the downstream, and further prolonging the escape time of the personnel
Therefore, the system changes the traditional constant speed control mode of ventilation of the highway tunnel, applies the variable frequency speed control technology to the ventilation control of the tunnel, realizes the soft start and the stepless speed control of the fan, can prolong the service life of the fan and reduce the noise; in addition, the system is also provided with a fan data acquisition and analysis module for acquiring and analyzing parameters such as operating current, voltage, power, temperature and the like of all fans in the tunnel so as to acquire information such as maintenance period, fault alarm and the like of the fans, reduce maintenance and inspection workload and prolong the service time of the fans; in addition, the ventilation air quantity required by the tunnel is accurately converted by combining the analysis of detection data from different tunnel partitions, and the partitioned cascade control is adopted to perform the grouped stepless speed regulation control on each group of fans in the tunnel, so that the ambient air quality in the tunnel reaches the ventilation effect with the highest speed and the highest efficiency, the driving environment comfort level of a driver in the tunnel is increased, and the ambient quality in the highway tunnel is improved; the system can also analyze the air humidity, the air quality and the traffic volume in the tunnel, and timely start the ventilation fan to dehumidify and ventilate the tunnel, so that the driving safety of the tunnel is greatly improved, and the safety guarantee is also improved for driving the tunnel in a special weather environment; with the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, energy conservation and emission reduction become important social concerns, the problem of ventilation control and energy conservation of a highway tunnel is important work for realizing energy conservation and efficiency improvement of highway management units, plays an important role in the process of building resource conservation and environment-friendly society in China, and accords with energy conservation and emission reduction policies promoted by the state.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Although the terms tunnel 1, tunnel partition 11, partition traffic flow detector 2, partition blower 3, partition air demand estimation module 4, partition air demand correction module 5, partition CO concentration detector 61, partition VI detector 62, partition humidity detector 63, controller 7, frequency converter 8, fire point 9, etc. are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed in a manner that is inconsistent with the spirit of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system for a tunnel (1), comprising a controller (7), characterized in that: the tunnel (1) is divided into a plurality of tunnel subareas (11), each tunnel subarea (11) is internally provided with a subarea vehicle flow detector (2) used for detecting the vehicle flow and the vehicle speed in the tunnel subarea (11) and a subarea fan (3) used for ventilating the tunnel subarea (11), the system also comprises a plurality of subarea vehicle flow detectors (2) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the tunnel subareas (11) and are in the tunnel subareas (11), and a subarea air demand estimation module (4) electrically connected with a controller (7), the subarea air demand estimation module (4) estimates the concentration of harmful gas in the tunnel subareas (11) and further estimates the ventilation quantity required to be increased by estimating the concentration of the harmful gas in the tunnel subarea (11) through the vehicle flow and the vehicle speed data detected by the subarea vehicle flow detectors (2), and the controller (7) controls the rotation of the subarea fans (3) in the tunnel subarea (11) according to the data transmitted by the subarea air demand estimation modules (4) in a distinguishing way And (4) speed.
2. The tunnel ventilation subarea cascade control system according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of subarea air demand correction modules (5) in one-to-one correspondence with the tunnel subareas (11), and subarea environment detection components electrically connected therewith and disposed on each tunnel subarea (11), wherein the subarea air demand correction module (5) is disposed between a corresponding subarea air demand estimation module (4) and the controller (7), and the subarea air demand correction module (5) corrects data obtained by the corresponding subarea air demand estimation module (4) according to data obtained by the corresponding subarea environment detection component.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the zonal environmental detection assembly comprises a zonal CO concentration detector (61) and a zonal VI detector (62).
4. The cascade control system according to claim 3, wherein the zonal environment detection assembly further comprises a zonal moisture detector (63).
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the harmful gases estimated by the subarea air demand estimation module (4) comprise CO and NO2And CO2Any one or more of.
6. The tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system according to claim 1, wherein the zone fans (3) are arranged at the upper part of the corresponding tunnel zone (11).
7. The tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system according to claim 1, wherein the zone fan (3) is a stepless speed-regulating fan.
8. The tunnel ventilation zone cascade control system according to claim 1, wherein the air ports of all the zone fans (3) are arranged in the same direction along the extending direction of the tunnel (1).
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| CN202022319217.2U CN215057522U (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Tunnel ventilation partition cascade control system |
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| CN202022319217.2U CN215057522U (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Tunnel ventilation partition cascade control system |
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