CN214967157U - Intramedullary fusion device and femoral prosthesis component with same - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an intramedullary fusion ware and have its femoral prosthesis subassembly, wherein, intramedullary fusion ware, include: the spiral plate has a contraction state and an outward expansion state, the radial size of the spiral plate in the outward expansion state is larger than that of the contraction state, and the spiral plate can be changed from the contraction state to the outward expansion state under a preset condition; and the anti-skid structure is arranged on the spiral plate. The technical scheme of this application has solved when using the tip of the fixed thighbone false body of a large amount of bone cement among the correlation technique effectively, causes the problem of secondary damage to the patient.

Description

Intramedullary fusion device and femoral prosthesis component with same

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, particularly, relate to an intramedullary fusion ware and have its femoral prosthesis subassembly.

Background

The stem of the human femoral medullary canal is usually large at the proximal end and large at the distal end, with a smaller diameter in the middle part, which is called the isthmus. The normal artificial joint replacement is characterized in that the diameter between the proximal large mouth and the isthmus is gradually reduced, a femoral prosthesis with a similar structure is inserted, and the femoral prosthesis is stably fixed, so that the prosthesis replacement of the femoral part is completed.

When the proximal end of the femoral medullary cavity is seriously damaged, the proximal end of the femoral medullary cavity cannot effectively fix the femoral prosthesis, the lengthened femoral prosthesis is conventionally adopted for replacement, only the isthmus can fix the femoral prosthesis at the moment, the diameter of the distal end of the femoral medullary cavity is larger than that of the isthmus, the end part of the femoral prosthesis is easy to shake, and a large amount of bone cement can be filled clinically. The end of the femoral prosthesis is easily deviated when a large amount of bone cement is used for fixing, the clinical expectation is poor, and simultaneously, the large amount of bone cement can cause complications and cause secondary damage to patients.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The main object of the utility model is to provide an intramedullary fusion ware and have its femoral prosthesis subassembly to when solving the tip of using the fixed femoral prosthesis of a large amount of bone cement among the correlation technique, cause the problem of secondary injury to the patient.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an intramedullary fusion device, comprising: the spiral plate has a contraction state and an outward expansion state, the radial size of the spiral plate in the outward expansion state is larger than that of the contraction state, and the spiral plate can be changed from the contraction state to the outward expansion state under a preset condition; and the anti-skid structure is arranged on the spiral plate.

Further, the spiral plate comprises an inner spiral layer, a middle spiral layer and an outer spiral layer from inside to outside in sequence, and the middle spiral layer is of a solid structure.

Further, the inner spiral layer and/or the outer spiral layer are porous structures.

Further, the intramedullary fusion device further comprises an anti-slip structure, and the anti-slip structure is arranged on the spiral plate.

Further, the anti-skidding structure is anti-skidding line.

Further, the anti-slip structure comprises an arc-shaped groove or a tooth-shaped structure or a convex rib.

Furthermore, the intramedullary fusion device is made of memory alloy.

Further, the intramedullary fusion device is made of nickel-titanium alloy.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a femoral prosthesis component, comprising a femoral prosthesis and an intramedullary fusion device, wherein the end of the femoral prosthesis is inserted into the intramedullary fusion device, and the intramedullary fusion device is the above-mentioned intramedullary fusion device.

Furthermore, a filling space is defined among the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity, the femoral prosthesis and the intramedullary fusion device, and the femoral prosthesis component also comprises a bone cement layer arranged in the filling space.

Use the technical scheme of the utility model, the intramedullary fusion device includes: a spiral plate. The spiral plate has a contracted state and an expanded state. The radial dimension of the spiral plate in the outward expansion state is larger than that of the contraction state, and the spiral plate can be changed from the contraction state to the outward expansion state under the preset condition. Under the condition that the spiral plate is in a contraction state, the intramedullary fusion device can pass through the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity, and after the intramedullary fusion device is implanted, the spiral plate is switched from the contraction state to the expansion state. At the moment, the intramedullary fusion cage can fill a part of space at the far end of the femoral medullary cavity, meanwhile, the spiral plate is attached to the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity, the spiral plate and the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity are mutually extruded and tightly pressed to generate enough friction damping, and the spiral plate can support bone of the femoral medullary cavity. When the spiral plate is in the external expansion state, the end part of the femoral prosthesis penetrates out of the spiral plate, the end part of the femoral prosthesis is clamped in the spiral plate, the swing range of the end part of the femoral prosthesis is limited, the femoral prosthesis is prevented from swinging in a femoral medullary cavity, the end part of the femoral prosthesis can be fixed to a proper position, and the femoral prosthesis is effectively fixed to the femoral medullary cavity. Therefore, a large amount of bone cement in the related technology is not needed, and secondary damage to a patient is avoided. Therefore, the technical scheme of this application has solved effectively and has used a large amount of bone cement when fixing the tip of femoral prosthesis among the relevant art, causes the problem of secondary injury to the patient.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of an intramedullary cage according to an embodiment of the present invention in a contracted state;

fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the intramedullary cage of fig. 1 in a dilated state;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the plurality of splines of FIG. 1 in a collapsed state;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the plurality of splines of FIG. 1 in a flared state;

fig. 5 shows an exploded cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the femoral prosthesis component of fig. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional schematic view of the femoral prosthesis assembly of FIG. 5 installed into a femoral medullary cavity; and

fig. 7 shows an enlarged schematic view at a of fig. 6.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

1. the femoral medullary cavity; 2. an intramedullary fusion device; 3. a layer of bone cement; 4. a distal end of the femoral medullary cavity; 5. isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity; 21. an anti-slip structure; 30. a spiral plate; 31. an inner spiral layer; 32. a middle helical layer; 33. an outer spiral layer; 40. a femoral prosthesis.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4 and fig. 6, the intramedullary cage of the present embodiment includes: a spiral plate 30. The spiral plate 30 has a contracted state and an expanded state. The radial dimension of the spiral plate 30 in the outward expanded state is larger than the radial dimension in the contracted state, and the spiral plate 30 can be changed from the contracted state to the outward expanded state under a preset condition.

With the technical solution of the present embodiment, the intramedullary fusion device can be arranged at the distal end 4 of the femoral medullary cavity. With the helical plate 30 in the contracted state, the intramedullary cage can pass through the isthmus 5 of the femoral medullary cavity, and after implantation of the intramedullary cage, the helical plate 30 switches from the contracted state to the expanded state. At this time, the intramedullary fusion cage can fill a part of the space of the distal end 4 of the femoral medullary cavity, meanwhile, the spiral plate 30 is attached to the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity 1, the spiral plate 30 and the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity 1 are mutually extruded and tightly press-fitted to generate sufficient friction damping, and the spiral plate 30 can generate a supporting effect on the bone of the femoral medullary cavity 1. When the spiral plate 30 is in the external expansion state, the end of the femoral prosthesis 40 penetrates out of the spiral plate 30, the end of the femoral prosthesis 40 is clamped in the spiral plate 30, the swing range of the end of the femoral prosthesis 40 is limited, the femoral prosthesis is prevented from swinging in a femoral medullary cavity, the end of the femoral prosthesis can be fixed to a proper position, and the femoral prosthesis is effectively fixed to the femoral medullary cavity. Therefore, a large amount of bone cement in the related technology is not needed, and secondary damage to a patient is avoided. Therefore, the technical scheme of the embodiment effectively solves the problem of secondary injury to a patient when a large amount of bone cement is used for fixing the end part of the femoral prosthesis in the related art.

The "preset condition" refers to a body temperature.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 6, the spiral plate 30 includes an inner spiral layer 31, an intermediate spiral layer 32 and an outer spiral layer 33 in order from inside to outside thereof. Thus, the spline spiral plate 30, which is formed in a multi-layer structure, has good tensile force and elastic modulus. The intermediate spiral layer 32 is a solid structure. Thus, under the condition that the bone cement is added into the femoral medullary cavity 1, the middle spiral layer 32 with the solid structure can block the bone cement, the bone cement is prevented from permeating into the spiral plate 30 through the middle spiral layer 32, and the growth of the femur is prevented from being influenced.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 6, the inner spiral layer 31 and the outer spiral layer 33 are both porous structures. The inner spiral layer 31 with the porous structure can be integrated with bone cement, and the outer spiral layer 33 with the porous structure can be integrated with bone of the femoral medullary cavity 1, so that bone cells can grow in conveniently, and the femoral prosthesis 40 can be stably fixed in the femoral medullary cavity 1 for a long time.

Of course, in other embodiments not shown in the figures, only the inner spiral layer or the outer spiral layer may be porous.

In the present embodiment, the porous structure forms a plurality of pores, similar to the trabecular bone structure in the related art. Trabecular bone in the related art is an extension of cortical bone within cancellous bone, i.e., trabecular bone is connected to cortical bone. It has irregular three-dimensional net structure in the cavity of bone sponge, such as loofah sponge-like or spongy, and has the function of supporting hematopoietic tissues.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 6, the intramedullary cage further includes an anti-slip structure 21, and the anti-slip structure 21 is provided on the screw plate 30. The anti-skid structure 21 on the outer side of the spiral plate 30 can enable the outer wall of the spiral plate 30 to have a high friction coefficient, can prevent the spiral plate 30 attached to the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity 1 from sinking, and is beneficial to improving the supporting effect on the bone of the femoral medullary cavity 1. Meanwhile, the bonding force between the spiral plate 30 and the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity 1 can be increased, and tighter press fit can be realized. The inner side of the screw plate 30 has an anti-slip structure, and the screw plate 30 and the bone cement can be effectively and stably combined with each other when the bone cement is filled in the femoral medullary cavity 1.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 6, the antiskid structure 21 is an antiskid line. The anti-slip threads can be inserted into the bone of the femoral medullary cavity 1, on one hand, the spiral plate 30 can not be reliably ensured to sink along the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity 1, and on the other hand, the strength of the bone of the femoral medullary cavity 1 can be further enhanced.

Of course, in other embodiments not shown in the figures, the anti-slip structure comprises an arc-shaped groove or a tooth-shaped structure or a ridge. The arc-shaped groove or the tooth-shaped structure or the convex edge can be inserted into the bone of the femoral medullary cavity, so that on one hand, the spiral plate can not sink along the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity reliably, and on the other hand, the strength of the bone of the femoral medullary cavity can be further strengthened.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 6, the intramedullary fusion device is made of memory alloy. The memory alloy has memory property and can be restored to an original state under a specific condition after being deformed.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 6, the intramedullary fusion device is made of nitinol. In this embodiment, the spiral plate 30 at a predetermined phase transition temperature (human body temperature) is obtained by selecting the ratio of the elements and components of the raw materials and the subsequent heat treatment process. The spiral sheet 30 is cooled and compressed to a minimum diameter state (contracted state). The special holding tool is used in the operation, the intramedullary fusion device in the contraction state is placed at the position (the far end 4 of the femoral medullary cavity) of the femoral medullary cavity 1 below a preset isthmus part through the isthmus part 5 of the femoral medullary cavity, the intramedullary fusion device is kept still for a plurality of minutes, phase change is triggered after the spiral plate 30 is heated to normal body temperature, or warm water is conveyed to the intramedullary fusion device through a surgical instrument, so that the temperature of the spiral plate 30 is heated to the phase change temperature to reach the external expansion state (gradually recovered to the original state of non-contraction until the diameter of the femoral medullary cavity is limited to be tightly pressed with the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity) to realize positioning.

The present application further provides a femoral prosthesis component, as shown in fig. 5 to 7, the femoral prosthesis component of the present embodiment includes a femoral prosthesis 40 and an intramedullary cage 2, an end of the femoral prosthesis 40 is inserted into the intramedullary cage 2, and the intramedullary cage is the above-mentioned intramedullary cage. Since the above-described intramedullary cage can solve the problem of secondary injury to a patient when the end of the femoral component is fixed using a large amount of bone cement in the related art, the femoral component assembly having the intramedullary cage can achieve the same effect. The femoral prosthesis 40 of the present embodiment is preferably a titanium alloy femoral stem.

As shown in fig. 1, 5 to 7, a filling space is defined between the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity 1, the femoral prosthesis 40 and the intramedullary cage 2, and the femoral prosthesis assembly further comprises a bone cement layer 3 disposed in the filling space. In this embodiment, before inserting the femoral prosthesis 40 into the intramedullary cage 2, the bone cement layer 3 is filled into the filling space in the direction from the isthmus 5 of the femoral medullary cavity to the distal end 4 of the femoral medullary cavity, and a portion of the bone cement layer 3 can be cemented inside the intramedullary cage 2. Like this, bone cement layer 3 only need fill in the space between intramedullary cage 2 and the femoral prosthesis 40, alright in order to accomplish the fixed of femoral prosthesis 40, and intramedullary cage 2 prevents that bone cement layer 3 from continuing to pack downwards on the one hand, and on the other hand has greatly reduced the use of fillers such as bone cement, further reduces to initiate bone cement disease or to the injury of human body. Meanwhile, the bone cement layer 3 is filled in the gap between the spiral plate 30 and the femoral prosthesis 40, so that the friction between the spiral plate 30 and the femoral prosthesis 40 can be reduced, and the abrasion between the spiral plate 30 and the femoral prosthesis 40 is avoided.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and in the case of not making a contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and if not stated otherwise, the terms have no special meaning, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An intramedullary fusion device, comprising:

a spiral plate (30) having a contracted state and a flared state, the radial dimension of the spiral plate (30) in the flared state being greater than the radial dimension of the contracted state, the spiral plate (30) being changeable from the contracted state to the flared state under preset conditions;

the spiral plate (30) sequentially comprises an inner spiral layer (31), a middle spiral layer (32) and an outer spiral layer (33) from inside to outside, and the middle spiral layer (32) is of a solid structure;

the intramedullary fusion device further comprises an anti-slip structure (21), wherein the anti-slip structure (21) is arranged on the spiral plate (30).

2. Intramedullary cage according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner helical layer (31) and/or the outer helical layer (33) is of porous structure.

3. Intramedullary fusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-slip structure (21) is an anti-slip thread.

4. Intramedullary fusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-slip means (21) comprise an arc-shaped groove or a tooth-shaped structure or a ridge.

5. The intramedullary fusion device of claim 1, wherein the intramedullary fusion device is made of a memory alloy.

6. The intramedullary fusion device of claim 5, wherein the intramedullary fusion device is made of nitinol.

7. A femoral prosthesis component comprising a femoral prosthesis (40) and an intramedullary cage (2), wherein the end of the femoral prosthesis (40) is inserted into the intramedullary cage (2), the intramedullary cage being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The femoral prosthesis component according to claim 7, characterized in that a filling space is enclosed between the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity (1), the femoral prosthesis (40) and the intramedullary cage (2), the femoral prosthesis component further comprising a layer of bone cement (3) arranged in the filling space.

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