CN214549746U

CN214549746U - Intramedullary positioning piece and femoral prosthesis component with same

Info

Publication number: CN214549746U
Application number: CN202022614135.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王彩梅
Original assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-11
Filing date: 2020-11-11
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-11

Abstract

The utility model provides an intramedullary setting element and have its femoral prosthesis subassembly, wherein, intramedullary setting element, include: a positioning sleeve; the anchoring piece is arranged on the positioning sleeve and has a contraction state and an expansion state, and the anchoring piece can be changed from the contraction state to the expansion state under a preset condition. The technical scheme of the application effectively solves the problem that the femoral prosthesis cannot be effectively fixed by a method for expanding the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity in the related technology.

Description

Intramedullary positioning piece and femoral prosthesis component with same

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, particularly, relate to an intramedullary location piece and have its femoral prosthesis subassembly.

Background

The stem of the human femoral medullary canal is usually large at the proximal end and large at the distal end, with a smaller diameter in the middle part, which is called the isthmus. The normal artificial joint replacement is characterized in that the diameter between the proximal large mouth and the isthmus is gradually reduced, a femoral prosthesis with a similar structure is inserted, and the femoral prosthesis is stably fixed, so that the prosthesis replacement of the femoral part is completed.

Due to the narrowing of the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity, conventional femoral prostheses are difficult to implant, even in cases where the femoral prosthesis guide device is stuck in the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity during surgery. Clinically, in order to enable the femoral prosthesis to pass through the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity, the proximal end region of the femoral medullary cavity is in press fit with the metaphysis end of the femoral prosthesis, the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity needs to be expanded, and cancellous bone within 2-5 mm of cortical bone of the isthmus region of the femoral medullary cavity is additionally filed. Because the strength and the rigidity of the cancellous bone at the position are far greater than those of the cancellous bone at other parts, if the cancellous bone is cut off, the bearing strength of the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity on the femoral prosthesis can be reduced, and the femoral prosthesis cannot be effectively fixed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The main object of the present invention is to provide an intramedullary positioning member and a femoral component having the same, which solves the problem that the method of expanding the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity in the related art cannot effectively fix the femoral component.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an intramedullary positioning member, comprising: a positioning sleeve; the anchoring piece is arranged on the positioning sleeve and has a contraction state and an expansion state, and the anchoring piece can be changed from the contraction state to the expansion state under a preset condition.

Furthermore, the locating sleeve comprises a locating sleeve body and a connecting hole arranged on the locating sleeve body, the anchoring piece comprises a fixed end and a free end, the fixed end is connected to the hole wall of the connecting hole, the free end is located in the connecting hole under the condition that the anchoring piece is in the contraction state, and the free end is located outside the connecting hole under the condition that the anchoring piece is in the expansion state.

Further, under the condition that the anchoring piece is in the open state, a preset included angle is formed between the anchoring piece and the axis of the positioning sleeve, and the preset included angle is 20-60 degrees.

Further, the anchoring piece comprises a plurality of anchoring pieces which are spirally arranged along the circumference of the positioning sleeve.

Further, the helix angle of the helical arrangement of the plurality of anchoring pieces is between 20 ° and 60 °.

Further, the locating sleeve is a conical sleeve, and the taper of the conical sleeve is in the range of 3 degrees to 10 degrees.

Furthermore, the anchoring sheet is made of memory alloy.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a femoral component, comprising a femoral component and an intramedullary positioning member, wherein the end of the femoral component is inserted into the intramedullary positioning member, and the intramedullary positioning member is the intramedullary positioning member.

Furthermore, the positioning sleeve of the intramedullary positioning piece covers the end part and the middle part of the femoral prosthesis.

Further, the end of the femoral prosthesis is in interference fit with the locating sleeve of the intramedullary positioning member.

Use the technical scheme of the utility model, the intramedullary positioning member can set up the isthmus in femoral medullary cavity and/or the distal end position department in femoral medullary cavity. The intramedullary positioning member includes: a locating sleeve and an anchoring sheet. The anchoring sheet is arranged on the positioning sleeve. The anchor sheet has a contracted state and an expanded state, and the anchor sheet is changeable from the contracted state to the expanded state under a preset condition. With the anchor in the collapsed condition, the intramedullary positioning member can pass through or be positioned at the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity and switch from the collapsed condition to the expanded condition after implantation. At the moment, the intramedullary positioning part can fill a part of space of the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity, meanwhile, the anchoring piece is attached to the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity, the anchoring piece and the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity are mutually extruded and tightly pressed to generate enough friction damping, and the anchoring piece can support bone of the femoral medullary cavity. When the anchor piece is in an opening state, the end part of the femoral prosthesis penetrates out of the positioning sleeve, the femoral prosthesis is clamped in the positioning sleeve, the swing range of the end part of the femoral prosthesis is limited, the femoral prosthesis is prevented from swinging in a femoral medullary cavity, the end part of the femoral prosthesis can be fixed to a proper position under the combined action of the proximal end of the femoral medullary cavity and the intramedullary positioning part, and the femoral prosthesis is effectively fixed in the femoral medullary cavity. Therefore, the medullary cavity isthmus does not need to be expanded, and secondary damage to the patient is avoided. Therefore, the technical scheme of the application effectively solves the problem that the femoral prosthesis cannot be effectively fixed by the method for expanding the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity in the related art.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

figure 1 shows a schematic view of a half-section cross-section of an embodiment of an intramedullary locator according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic front view of the anchor sheet of FIG. 1 in an expanded state;

fig. 3 shows a schematic front view of an embodiment of a femoral prosthesis component according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic semi-sectional cut-away view of the femoral prosthetic component of FIG. 3; and

fig. 5 shows a perspective schematic view of the femoral prosthetic component of fig. 3 installed within a femoral bone marrow cavity.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

1. the femoral medullary cavity; 2. an intramedullary positioning member; 4. a distal end of the femoral medullary cavity; 5. isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity; 6. a proximal end of the femoral medullary cavity; 10. a positioning sleeve; 11. a positioning sleeve body; 12. connecting holes; 20. an anchor sheet; 30. a femoral prosthesis.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the intramedullary positioning member of the present embodiment includes: a locating sleeve 10 and an anchor sheet 20. The anchor sheet 20 is provided on the positioning sleeve 10. The anchor sheet 20 has a contracted state and an expanded state, and the anchor sheet 20 can be changed from the contracted state to the expanded state under a preset condition.

By applying the solution of the embodiment, the intramedullary positioning part can be arranged at the isthmus 5 of the femoral medullary cavity and at the distal end 4 of the femoral medullary cavity. With the anchor blade 20 in the collapsed condition, the intramedullary member can pass through or be positioned at the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity and switch from the collapsed condition to the expanded condition after implantation. At this time, the intramedullary positioning part can fill a part of the space of the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity, meanwhile, the anchor sheet 20 is attached to the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity, the anchor sheet 20 and the cavity wall of the femoral medullary cavity are mutually extruded and tightly press-fitted to generate enough friction damping, and the anchor sheet 20 can generate a supporting effect on sclerotin of the femoral medullary cavity. When the anchoring piece 20 is in an open state, the end of the femoral prosthesis penetrates out of the positioning sleeve 10, the femoral prosthesis is clamped in the positioning sleeve 10, the swing range of the end of the femoral prosthesis is limited, the femoral prosthesis is prevented from swinging in a femoral medullary cavity, the end of the femoral prosthesis can be fixed to a proper position under the combined action of the near end 6 of the femoral medullary cavity and the intramedullary positioning part, and the femoral prosthesis is effectively fixed to the femoral medullary cavity. Therefore, the medullary cavity isthmus does not need to be expanded, and secondary damage to the patient is avoided. Therefore, the technical scheme of the embodiment effectively solves the problem that the femoral prosthesis cannot be effectively fixed by the method for expanding the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity in the related art.

The "preset condition" refers to the normal temperature of the human body.

Of course, in other embodiments not shown in the figures, the intramedullary positioning member described above can be provided only at the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity or at a location distal to the femoral medullary cavity.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the positioning sleeve 10 includes a positioning sleeve body 11 and a connecting hole 12 provided on the positioning sleeve body 11. The anchor sheet 20 includes a fixed end and a free end. The fixed end is connected to the wall of the connecting hole 12, the free end is located inside the connecting hole 12 when the anchor sheet 20 is in the contracted state, and the free end is located outside the connecting hole 12 when the anchor sheet 20 is in the expanded state. The arrangement of the connecting holes 12 can lead the positioning sleeve body 11 to leave an arrangement space, and the anchoring sheet 20 can be positioned in the arrangement space, thus leading the structure of the positioning sleeve 10 to be compact. The free end of this embodiment is arcuate in shape.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the anchor sheet 20 is in the expanded state, a preset included angle t4 is formed between the anchor sheet 20 and the axis of the positioning sleeve 10, and the preset included angle t4 is between 20 ° and 60 °. Thus, the outward opening angle of the anchor sheet 20 can be adjusted, so that the anchor sheet 20 can be adjusted according to the shapes of different femoral medullary cavities to meet the use requirements. The dimension t5 is in the range of [1mm,3mm ].

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the dimension a ranges from [2mm, 3mm ]; the dimension D has a value range of [10mm, 20mm ]; the value range of the dimension T is [2mm, 4mm ]; the value range of the size t1 is [0.5mm, 1.5mm ]; the dimension t6 is in the range of [1mm,3mm ].

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the anchor sheet 20 includes a plurality of anchor sheets 20, and the plurality of anchor sheets 20 are spirally arranged along the circumferential direction of the positioning sleeve 10. Thus, the plurality of anchoring pieces 20 are regularly and comprehensively arranged on the positioning sleeve 10, so that the anchoring pieces 20 have a large enough attaching area, which is beneficial to improving the supporting effect on the bone of the femoral medullary cavity 1 and preventing the intramedullary positioning part from sinking.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the plurality of anchor sheets 20 are spirally arranged at a helix angle of between 20 ° and 60 °. During the switching of the anchoring segment 20 from the contracted state to the expanded state, the intramedullary positioning part can be screwed in such a way that a lead angle between 20 ° and 60 ° enables a quick and easy implantation of the intramedullary positioning part. Preferably, the helix angle of the helical arrangement is 20 ° or 45 ° or 60 °. The plurality of anchor pieces 20 are spirally arranged along the spiral line t 3.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, the locating sleeve 10 is a tapered sleeve having a taper t2 in the range of 3 ° to 10 °. This facilitates smooth passage of the locating sleeve 10 through the isthmus 5 of the femoral canal or within the isthmus 5 of the femoral canal within the femoral canal 1. The taper t2 of the tapered sleeve is preferably 3 ° or 6 ° or 8 ° or 10 °.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, the anchor sheet 20 is made of a memory alloy. The memory alloy has memory property and can be restored to an original state under a specific condition after being deformed. In the contracted state of the nitinol anchor 20, the free end of the anchor 20 is located in the connection hole 12, which is capable of contracting at low temperature (lower than normal temperature of human body) through the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity 1 and warming up after implantation. When the temperature reaches a certain temperature condition (normal temperature of human body) or a certain temperature section (a certain temperature section within the normal temperature range of human body), the shape of the anchor sheet can be changed to an opening state, namely, the free end of the anchor sheet 20 is positioned outside the connecting hole 12, and the anchor sheet 20 opens in the femoral medullary cavity 1 to be attached to the bone of the femoral medullary cavity 1. In addition, in the process that the positioning sleeve 10 is changed from the contraction state to the expansion state, pressure can be continuously applied to the bone, the growth of the bone is stimulated, and the rehabilitation of a patient is facilitated. Of course, in other embodiments not shown in the figures, the magnetic member can be used to magnetically attract the anchor sheet to change the anchor sheet from the contracted state to the expanded state outside the patient's body.

Preferably, the material of the positioning sleeve 10 of the present embodiment is nickel titanium alloy.

The intramedullary positioning of the present embodiment is accomplished by 3D printing techniques.

The present application further provides a femoral prosthesis component, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the femoral prosthesis component of the present embodiment includes a femoral prosthesis 30 and an intramedullary positioning member 2, an end of the femoral prosthesis 30 is inserted into the intramedullary positioning member 2, and the intramedullary positioning member is the above-mentioned intramedullary positioning member. Because the intramedullary positioning part can solve the problem that the method for expanding the isthmus of the femoral medullary cavity in the related art cannot effectively fix the femoral prosthesis, the femoral prosthesis component with the intramedullary positioning part can achieve the same effect.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, in order to facilitate the smooth insertion of the femoral prosthesis component into the femoral medullary cavity 1, the positioning sleeve 10 of the intramedullary positioning member covers the end and middle of the femoral prosthesis 30. The femoral prosthesis 30 of the present embodiment is preferably a titanium alloy femoral stem.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, in order to allow the end of the femoral prosthesis 30 to be reliably and securely mounted in the positioning sleeve 10 of the intramedullary nail, the end of the femoral prosthesis 30 is interference-fitted with the positioning sleeve 10 of the intramedullary nail.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and in the case of not making a contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and if not stated otherwise, the terms have no special meaning, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intramedullary fixation member, comprising:

a positioning sleeve (10);

an anchoring sheet (20) arranged on the positioning sleeve (10), the anchoring sheet (20) having a contracted state and an expanded state, the anchoring sheet (20) being changeable from the contracted state to the expanded state under a preset condition.

2. The intramedullary positioning member according to claim 1, wherein the positioning sleeve (10) comprises a positioning sleeve body (11) and a connecting hole (12) provided on the positioning sleeve body (11), the anchoring piece (20) comprises a fixed end and a free end, the fixed end is connected to a hole wall of the connecting hole (12), the free end is located in the connecting hole (12) when the anchoring piece (20) is in the contracted state, and the free end is located outside the connecting hole (12) when the anchoring piece (20) is in the expanded state.

3. Intramedullary canal spacer according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring tabs (20) form a predetermined angle with the axis of the spacer sleeve (10) in the expanded state, the predetermined angle being between 20 ° and 60 °.

4. Intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that said anchoring tabs (20) comprise a plurality, said anchoring tabs (20) being arranged helically along the circumference of said sleeve (10).

5. Intramedullary canal spacer according to claim 4, characterized in that the helical arrangement of the anchoring tabs (20) has a helix angle of between 20 ° and 60 °.

6. Intramedullary canal spacer according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer sleeve (10) is a conical sleeve with a taper in the range of 3 ° to 10 °.

7. Intramedullary canal spacer according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring tabs (20) are made of memory alloy.

8. A femoral prosthesis component comprising a femoral prosthesis (30) and an intramedullary locator, wherein the end of the femoral prosthesis (30) is passed into the intramedullary locator (2), the intramedullary locator being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The femoral prosthesis component according to claim 8, characterized in that the locating sleeve (10) of the intramedullary locator (2) is wrapped over the end and medial positions of the femoral prosthesis (30).

10. The femoral prosthesis component according to claim 8, characterized in that the end of the femoral prosthesis (30) is interference fitted with the locating sleeve (10) of the intramedullary positioning member (2).