CN214958919U - 一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置 - Google Patents

一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置 Download PDF

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CN214958919U
CN214958919U CN202121172694.9U CN202121172694U CN214958919U CN 214958919 U CN214958919 U CN 214958919U CN 202121172694 U CN202121172694 U CN 202121172694U CN 214958919 U CN214958919 U CN 214958919U
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magnetic resonance
control cpu
resonant frequency
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曹逸捷
曾卫华
侯胜利
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China University of Geosciences Beijing
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Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置,包括主控CPU、CPLD、高速GaN驱动、mos管、e类放大电路、发射线圈、电流采集单元、接收线圈和物联网模块,发射端输出电流流过采样电阻时,通过采集采样电阻两端的电压来计算充电系统的即时输出功率,推算现在工作状态,使得无负载时,保持较低频率运行,降低未充电时能量损耗以及电磁辐射;低导通内阻的高速GaN驱动和MosFET构成e类功放,在高频开关情况下,器件发热量更低,有效降低开关损耗,提高了系统的能量转换效率;CPLD芯片内置了8种不同的开关频率,STM32单片机通过负载电流的变化,智能感知负载状态,智能选择合适的MosFET开关频率,可以根据不同的使用场景,系统自适应开关速度。

Description

一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及充电装置领域,尤其涉及一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置。
背景技术
无线充电技术源于无线电能传输技术,可分为小功率无线充电和大功率无线充电两种方式。小功率无线充电常采用电磁感应式,如对手机充电的Qi方式,但中兴的电动汽车无线充电方式采用感应式。大功率无线充电常采用谐振式(大部分电动汽车充电采用此方式)由供电设备(充电器)将能量传送至用电的装置,该装置使用接收到的能量对电池充电,并同时供其本身运作之用。由于充电器与用电装置之间以磁场传送能量,两者之间不用电线连接,因此充电器及用电的装置都可以做到无导电接点外露。
本申请在现有技术下进行改进,现有技术中,现有的新能源汽车在使用时,采用有线充电桩进行充电,充一次电其最大的行程具有限制性,需要在行驶至电量耗尽之前进行充电,使得新能源汽车具有的较大局限性,而若采用无线充电技术,现有的无线充电技术中,其传输距离较短,不便于新能源汽车使用。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点,而提出的一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置。
为了实现上述目的,本实用新型采用了如下技术方案:
一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置,包括主控CPU、CPLD、高速GaN驱动、mos管、e类放大电路、发射线圈、电流采集单元、接收线圈和物联网模块,所述主控CPU上设置有RS485调试接口,所述主控CPU通过GPIO与CPLD连接,所述CPLD与高速GaN之间电连接,所述CPLD的输出端与e类放大电路进行电连接,所述发射线圈与e类放大电路电连接,且e类放大电路与发射线圈之间设置有电阻,所述e类放大电路与电流采集单元电连接,所述电流采集单元通过相关电路监控电阻两端的电流,所述e类放大电路提供电能,且发射线圈和接收线圈作为电感,对电路总体进行阻抗匹配,使得发射线圈和接收线圈与发射电路运行在同一频率,所述接收线圈的输出端设置有整流滤波,所述整流滤波设置在负载的接收端。
作为本实用新型再进一步的方案:所述CPLD上外接有16.384M晶振,所述CPLD通过16.384M晶振进行分频来形成八种信号的生成。
作为本实用新型再进一步的方案:所述主控CPU采用STM32芯片,所述CPLD上设置有三八译码器,所述主控CPU控制CPLD发射4.096Mhz等八种不同频率的驱动信号,所述STM32芯片通过三八译码器控制信号频段的选择。
作为本实用新型再进一步的方案:所述高速GaN驱动负责拉高电压以推动mos管,所述mos管作为e类放大电路开关管输出功率。
作为本实用新型再进一步的方案:所述发射线圈和接收线圈为两个尺寸相同的单根大直径漆包线,并通过空间缠绕法进行缠绕呈线圈,所述发射线圈与接收线圈通过磁耦合互相耦合激发。
作为本实用新型再进一步的方案:所述物联网模块包括NB-IoT模块和云服务器,所述主控CPU通过NB-IoT模块与云服务器连接。
本实用新型具有如下有益效果:
1、本实用新型,发射端输出电流流过采样电阻时,产生相应的电压信号,通过采集采样电阻两端的电压来计算充电系统的即时输出功率,推算现在工作状态,使得无负载时,保持较低频率运行,降低未充电时能量损耗以及电磁辐射;
2、本实用新型中,低导通内阻的高速GaN驱动和MosFET构成e类功放,在高频开关情况下,器件发热量更低,有效降低开关损耗,提高了系统的能量转换效率;
3、本实用新型中,CPLD芯片内置了8种不同的开关频率,STM32单片机通过负载电流的变化,智能感知负载状态,智能选择合适的MosFET开关频率,可以根据不同的使用场景,系统自适应开关速度;
4、本实用新型中,高频功率发射与接收线圈,线圈选用单根大直径漆包线,同时采用空间缠绕法,使得传输距离有着进一步的提升(30cm左右),传输效率更高;
5、本实用新型中,具备NB-IoT远程联网功能,无线充电节点可接入物联网,实现远程管理功能。
6、本实用新型中,通过传输距离的提升,增加了新能源汽车充电的选择性,对新能源汽车使用无线充电技术进行边行驶边充电具有较大的前景,例如:在高速公路上铺设线圈,以达到电动汽车行驶时随时能够充电的目的,整套设备支持在30cm以内大功率充电,对于电动汽车充电尤为便利;城市道路、高速公路、停车场等场所配置无线充电装置,可为行驶中或停车时的新能源汽车提供无线充电服务,为新能源汽车充电提供一种新的选择。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型提出的一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置的系统框图;
图2为本实用新型提出的一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置的多种充电形式对比表格;
图3为本实用新型提出的一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置的传统类功放电路与开关类功放电路的对比表格。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图,对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
参照图1-3,本实用新型提供的一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置,包括主控CPU、CPLD、高速GaN驱动、mos管、e类放大电路、发射线圈、电流采集单元、接收线圈和物联网模块,主控CPU上设置有RS485调试接口,主控CPU通过GPIO与CPLD连接,CPLD与高速GaN之间电连接,CPLD的输出端与e类放大电路进行电连接,发射线圈与e类放大电路电连接,且e类放大电路与发射线圈之间设置有电阻,e类放大电路与电流采集单元电连接,电流采集单元通过相关电路监控电阻两端的电流,通过相关电路监测电阻两端电流,通过程序控制,在没有负载的情况下,保持一个相对低频的发射信号,接收线圈的输出端设置有整流滤波,整流滤波设置在负载的接收端,CPLD上外接有16.384M晶振,CPLD通过16.384M晶振进行分频来形成八种信号的生成,主控CPU采用STM32芯片,CPLD上设置有三八译码器,主控CPU控制CPLD发射4.096Mhz等八种不同频率的驱动信号,STM32芯片通过三八译码器控制信号频段的选择,系统使用STM32作为主控CPU,控制CPLD发射4.096Mhz等八种不同频率的驱动信号,通过专用高速GaN驱动加压,控制mos管栅极,达到开关MosFET的目的。后端电源为e类放大电路,为后端提供电能,发射接收线圈作为电感,对电路总体进行阻抗匹配,使得发射接收两线圈与发射电路运行在同一频率,以此实现磁共振,同时接收端加入整流滤波,给负载提供电能,其中主控CPU采用STM32芯片,有着pc通信、物联网通信、RS485调试接口调试、负载实时及监控负载来调控频率、同时支持在设备上实时显示当前频率与功率等功能。
高速GaN驱动负责拉高电压以推动mos管,mos管作为e类放大电路开关管输出功率,mos管有着低内阻,低输入阻抗等多重优点。
发射线圈和接收线圈为两个尺寸相同的单根大直径漆包线,并通过空间缠绕法进行缠绕呈线圈,发射线圈与接收线圈通过磁耦合互相耦合激发,实现距离较远,效率较高的目的。
物联网模块包括NB-IoT模块和云服务器,主控CPU通过NB-IoT模块与云服务器连接,物联网模块通过NB-IoT模块实现与云服务器的连接。通过NB-IoT物联网,磁共振无线充电装置可以实现和云服务器双向通信,无线充电节点接入物联网后,无线充电节点可实现远程管理功能。
经测试,本申请中的磁共振充电装置的有效传输距离可以达到20cm-30cm。
综上所述:
1、智能感知负载,发射端输出电流流过采样电阻时,产生相应的电压信号,通过采集采样电阻两端的电压来计算充电系统的即时输出功率,推算现在工作状态,使得无负载时,保持较低频率运行,降低未充电时能量损耗以及电磁辐射;
2、低导通内阻的高速GaNMosFET构成e类功放,在高频开关情况下,器件发热量更低,有效降低开关损耗,提高了系统的能量转换效率;
3、CPLD芯片内置了8种不同的开关频率,STM32单片机通过负载电流的变化,智能感知负载状态,智能选择合适的MosFET开关频率,可以根据不同的使用场景,系统自适应开关速度;
4、高频功率发射与接收线圈,线圈选用单根大直径漆包线,同时采用空间缠绕法,使得传输距离有着进一步的提升(30cm左右),传输效率更高;
5、具备NB-IoT远程联网功能,无线充电节点可接入物联网,实现远程管理功能。
6、通过传输距离的提升,增加了新能源汽车充电的选择性,对新能源汽车使用无线充电技术进行边行驶边充电具有较大的前景,例如:在高速公路上铺设线圈,以达到电动汽车行驶时随时能够充电的目的,整套设备支持在30cm以内大功率充电,对于电动汽车充电尤为便利;城市道路、高速公路、停车场等场所配置无线充电装置,可为行驶中或停车时的新能源汽车提供无线充电服务,为新能源汽车充电提供一种新的选择。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本实用新型的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本实用新型,尽管参照前述实施例对本实用新型进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换,凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置,包括主控CPU、CPLD、高速GaN驱动、mos管、e类放大电路、发射线圈、电流采集单元、接收线圈和物联网模块,其特征在于:所述主控CPU上设置有RS485调试接口,所述主控CPU通过GPIO与CPLD连接,所述CPLD与高速GaN之间电连接,所述CPLD的输出端与e类放大电路进行电连接,所述发射线圈与e类放大电路电连接,且e类放大电路与发射线圈之间设置有电阻,所述e类放大电路与电流采集单元电连接,所述电流采集单元通过相关电路监控电阻两端的电流,所述e类放大电路提供电能,且发射线圈和接收线圈作为电感,对电路总体进行阻抗匹配,使得发射线圈和接收线圈与发射电路运行在同一频率,所述接收线圈的输出端设置有整流滤波,所述整流滤波设置在负载的接收端。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置,其特征在于:所述CPLD上外接有16.384M晶振,所述CPLD通过16.384M晶振进行分频来形成八种信号的生成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置,其特征在于:所述主控CPU采用STM32芯片,所述CPLD上设置有三八译码器,所述主控CPU控制CPLD发射4.096Mhz等八种不同频率的驱动信号,所述STM32芯片通过三八译码器控制信号频段的选择。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置,其特征在于:所述高速GaN驱动负责拉高电压以推动mos管,所述mos管作为e类放大电路开关管输出功率。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置,其特征在于:所述发射线圈和接收线圈为两个尺寸相同的单根大直径漆包线,并通过空间缠绕法进行缠绕呈线圈,所述发射线圈与接收线圈通过磁耦合互相耦合激发。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于谐振频率的磁共振充电装置,其特征在于:所述物联网模块包括NB-IoT模块和云服务器,所述主控CPU通过NB-IoT模块与云服务器连接。
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