CN214956742U

CN214956742U - Switching device for coaxial energy transmission window of traveling wave tube

Info

Publication number: CN214956742U
Application number: CN202121631001.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郝保良; 郑丽; 孟晓君; 李紫林; 王光强; 张彦成; 李伟; 耿伟楠; 孙宝成; 刘哲斌
Original assignee: Beijing Vacuum Electonics Research Institute
Current assignee: Beijing Vacuum Electonics Research Institute
Priority date: 2021-07-16
Filing date: 2021-07-16
Publication date: 2021-11-30
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-16

Abstract

The utility model discloses a switching device that is used for coaxial defeated energy window of travelling wave tube, include: the radio frequency coaxial cable and the adapter and the standard radio frequency coaxial connector which are respectively connected with two ends of the radio frequency coaxial cable are arranged on the base, the adapter comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor which are respectively connected with the radio frequency coaxial cable, and a nut which is rotatably sleeved on the outer conductor, the inner conductor is in a circular tube shape, and the nut is used for being in threaded connection with a coaxial energy transmission window of the traveling wave tube. The utility model discloses the inner conductor of switching device's adapter is female joint interface (hole), can directly peg graft with coaxial defeated can window inner conductor (needle), be equipped with on the outer conductor of adapter can with coaxial defeated can window the rotatable nut of bolted connection on the outer conductor, because the nut is located long and thin radio frequency coaxial cable's end, the operating space of twisting the nut is no longer restricted, makes it can easily conveniently be connected with coaxial defeated can window inner and outer conductor.

Description

Switching device for coaxial energy transmission window of traveling wave tube

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a microwave vacuum electron device field. And more particularly, to an adapter for a coaxial energy transmission window of a traveling wave tube.

Background

The traveling wave tube is a microwave vacuum electronic device, can amplify signals of different frequency bands, has the characteristics of high power, wide frequency band, high gain and high efficiency, and is widely applied to the fields of electronic countermeasure, radar, satellite communication and the like. As shown in fig. 1, the traveling wave tube is mainly composed of five parts, namely an electron gun, a focusing magnetic system, a slow wave structure, an input-output coupler device and a collector. The working principle is that the electron gun generates an electron beam with required size and current, the electron beam passes through a slender slow wave structure after coming out of the electron gun, and a high-frequency signal enters a traveling wave tube through an input coupler device to form a traveling wave transmitted along the slow wave structure. The task of the slow wave structure is to reduce the phase velocity of the electromagnetic wave to be substantially the same as the moving velocity of the electrons, so that the electron beam and the electromagnetic wave interact to exchange energy. Due to the focusing effect of the magnetic field, the electron beam advances in the slow wave structure along the axial direction of the slow wave structure, the electron advancing process is accompanied with the interaction with the electromagnetic wave, the kinetic energy of the electrons is converted into the energy of the electromagnetic wave, and therefore the energy amplification of the input high-frequency signal is achieved. The high-frequency signal is output through the output coupler device, and the electrons giving out most of energy are finally sent to the collector to be converted into heat energy.

Compared with a solid-state microwave amplifier, the traditional traveling wave tube can provide enough output power, but the traditional traveling wave tube needs to be applied with high working voltage, so that the traditional traveling wave tube is not used by users in power-on mode in practical work. In addition, the size and weight of the traveling wave tube are too large, and the structure is also complicated, so that the processing and the maintenance are difficult. Therefore, in response to the challenges of solid-state microwave amplifiers, there is an increasing need to develop practical low-voltage, high-reliability miniaturized traveling-wave tubes. The Microwave Power Module (MPM) adopts a solid-state amplifier as an exciting stage and a traveling wave tube as an output stage, integrates the solid-state amplifier and the traveling wave tube, has the advantages of a solid-state device and an electric vacuum device, and is widely applied to various military and civil fields such as electronic weapon equipment systems, satellite communication and the like. The development of MPM also requires the traveling wave tube to be more and more miniaturized. The traveling wave tube is designed in a miniaturized mode, and the application range of the traveling wave tube can be expanded.

Miniaturization of the traveling wave tube can be achieved by individually miniaturizing the length (L), thickness (H), and width (W) thereof. For example, the length can be satisfied by shortening the slow-wave structure, and the thickness can be satisfied by reducing the radial dimensions of the electron gun, the high-frequency band, and the collector thereof; in comparison, it is difficult to miniaturize the width of the traveling wave tube. The reasonable miniaturization of the width of the traveling wave tube is necessary for fully utilizing the internal space of the MPM and improving the integration level of the MPM. The input and output coupler devices of the traveling wave tube, i.e. the energy transmission structure, play an important role in determining the width of the traveling wave tube.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a switching cable that is used for coaxial defeated energy window of travelling wave tube.

According to the utility model discloses an aspect provides a switching device that is used for coaxial defeated energy window of travelling wave tube, include: the radio frequency coaxial cable and the adapter and the standard radio frequency coaxial connector which are respectively connected with two ends of the radio frequency coaxial cable are arranged on the base, the adapter comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor which are respectively connected with the radio frequency coaxial cable, and a nut which is rotatably sleeved on the outer conductor, the inner conductor is in a circular tube shape, and the nut is used for being in threaded connection with a coaxial energy transmission window of the traveling wave tube.

Preferably, the nut is provided in a barrel shape, and the inner conductor and the outer conductor are both located inside the nut.

Preferably, the outer conductor is cylindrical, the top surface of the cylindrical shape extends outwards in the radial direction to form an annular boss, and the top surface of the nut abuts against the annular boss to press the outer conductor onto the outer conductor of the coaxial energy transmission window.

Preferably, the height of the nut is 5.8 mm.

Preferably, the standard radio frequency coaxial connector is a male connector.

Preferably, the inner conductor is a nickel tube.

Preferably, the nickel pipe and the coaxial energy transmission window inner conductor are in interference fit.

The utility model has the advantages as follows:

the utility model discloses the inner conductor of switching device's adapter is female joint interface (hole), can directly peg graft with coaxial defeated can window inner conductor (needle), be equipped with on the outer conductor of adapter can with coaxial defeated can window the rotatable nut of bolted connection on the outer conductor, because the nut is located long and thin radio frequency coaxial cable's end, the operating space of twisting the nut is no longer restricted, makes it can easily conveniently be connected with coaxial defeated can window inner and outer conductor.

The utility model discloses the height of well nut sets up to 5.8mm, compares in the high 16mm of standard male connector, has reduced 64%. Through the utility model discloses a switching device, it is narrow and small both to have solved operation space, twists the inconvenient problem of nut, has reduced the whole height of defeated energy coupler again for the connection from coaxial defeated energy window to coaxial cable that is accomplished by triplex (interior adapter, outer adapter, standard male connector) originally has become and only needs a non-standard coaxial connector can realize. The size of the energy transmission coupler is compacted, the height of the energy transmission coupler is reduced to 15.15mm from the original 30.3mm, and the size of the energy transmission coupler is compressed by half.

Drawings

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the adapter of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of the connection structure of the adapter and the coaxial energy transmission window of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to explain the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be further described with reference to the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.

The connection between the radio frequency coaxial cables is generally realized by connecting a standard male radio frequency connector and a female radio frequency connector, wherein an inner conductor interface of the standard male connector is a solid needle, an outer conductor interface is a rotatable nut, an inner conductor interface of the female connector is a hole, an outer conductor interface is a bolt, an inner conductor between the two is matched and connected with the hole through the needle, an outer conductor is matched and connected through threads, and the rotatable nut on the male connector is screwed on the outer conductor bolt of the female connector.

The coaxial energy transmission window is an important component for energy transmission of microwave electronic devices such as traveling wave tubes, klystrons, backward wave tubes, magnetrons and the like, can ensure that a slow wave circuit with injection-wave interaction in the microwave devices is in a vacuum environment to play a role in sealing and isolating, and can ensure that electromagnetic waves can smoothly pass through the energy transmission and signal transmission.

The coaxial energy transmission window on the helix traveling wave tube is connected with a radio frequency coaxial cable to realize the connection with an external circuit, but in order to realize vacuum sealing, the inner conductor of the coaxial energy transmission window must be a solid needle, which is consistent with the inner conductor of a standard male radio frequency connector, if the outer conductor interface of the coaxial energy transmission window is designed into a rotatable nut according to the standard male connector, because the coaxial energy transmission window is close to the high frequency band of the traveling wave tube, in order to realize the miniaturization and the reduction of the transverse dimension of the traveling wave tube, the operation space left for screwing the nut is limited, which can cause the inconvenience of bolt connection with the outer conductor of the standard female radio frequency connector, therefore, the outer conductor of the coaxial energy transmission window is designed into a fixed bolt interface, but in this way, the inner conductor of the coaxial energy transmission window is a needle, the outer conductor is a bolt, and the coaxial energy transmission window is connected with the standard male connector (the inner conductor is a needle, the outer conductor is a nut) and the standard female connector (the inner conductor is a hole, the outer conductor is a bolt) cannot be directly connected.

In order to solve the problem of connection between a coaxial energy transmission window and a standard radio frequency connector, in the prior art, an inner adapter and an outer adapter are additionally arranged on the coaxial energy transmission window, and the coaxial energy transmission window is switched into an inner conductor interface and an outer conductor interface of a standard female connector so as to realize connection with an inner conductor and an outer conductor of a standard male connector.

One end of the outer adapter is a nut which can be matched and connected with a bolt of the outer conductor of the coaxial energy transmission window, the other end of the outer adapter is a bolt which can be matched and connected with a nut of the outer conductor of the standard male connector, and after the outer adapter is added to the coaxial energy transmission window, the outer conductor of the standard male connector can be connected.

The inner adapter is a long and thin nickel tube with the same size as the inner conductor of the standard female connector, one end of the nickel tube is welded on the inner conductor (window needle) of the coaxial energy transmission window, and the other end of the nickel tube is inserted into the central through hole of the outer adapter and then is spliced with the inner conductor of the standard male connector. After the coaxial energy transmission window is provided with the inner adaptor and the outer adaptor, the coaxial energy transmission window can be connected with the inner conductor and the outer conductor of a standard male connector, but the design increases the overall height of the coaxial energy transmission coupler, and is not beneficial to miniaturization of a traveling wave tube. And because the inner adapter nickel tube is a whole round tube without elasticity, repeated splicing easily causes the looseness and even the spalling of the interface of the conductor in the slender nickel tube, which can cause the virtual connection condition with the standard male connector, influence the radio frequency signal input traveling wave tube and cause the instability of the test index. Moreover, one end of the inner adapter nickel tube is brazed on an inner conductor (window needle) of the coaxial energy transmission window of the traveling wave tube at a high temperature of 800 ℃, so that the inner adapter nickel tube cannot be detached and replaced, the effective use of the traveling wave tube is directly influenced, and the traveling wave tube is even scrapped.

In order to guarantee that the connection of coaxial defeated energy window is nimble reliable, dwindle its size simultaneously, fig. 1 shows the utility model discloses an embodiment of a switching device for travelling wave tube coaxial defeated energy window, this switching device include radio frequency coaxial cable 10 and connect adapter 20 and standard radio frequency coaxial connector 30 at radio frequency coaxial cable 10 both ends respectively, adapter 20 can with coaxial defeated energy window lug connection, standard radio frequency coaxial connector 30 is connected with outside radio frequency cable. It is understood that the standard rf coaxial connector 30 may be a male connector or a female connector, and in this embodiment, the standard rf coaxial connector 30 is a male connector for facilitating connection with an external coaxial cable.

As shown in fig. 2, the adaptor 20 includes an inner conductor 21, an outer conductor 22, and a nut 23, the inner conductor 21 is in a shape of a circular tube, the inner conductor 21 and the outer conductor 22 are respectively connected to the rf coaxial cable 10, and the nut 23 is rotatably sleeved on an outer side of the outer conductor 22. The inner conductor 21 in the shape of a circular tube can be plugged into the inner conductor of the coaxial energy transmission window, and the nut 23 can be screwed into the outer conductor of the coaxial energy transmission window, so that the coaxial energy transmission window can be connected to the adapter 20. The adaptor of this construction is a non-standard rf coaxial connector with inner and

outer conductors

21, 22 having dimensions corresponding to the dimensions of the coaxial power transmission window.

The inner conductor 21 of the adapter 20 is a female connector (hole) which can be directly inserted with the inner conductor (needle) of the coaxial energy transmission window, the outer conductor 22 of the adapter 20 is provided with a rotatable nut 23 which can be connected with a bolt on the outer conductor of the coaxial energy transmission window, and as the nut 23 is positioned at the end of the slender radio frequency coaxial cable 10, the operation space for screwing the nut is not limited any more, so that the nut can be easily and conveniently connected with the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial energy transmission window.

Further, the nut 23 is provided in a cylindrical shape, and both the inner conductor 21 and the outer conductor 22 are located inside the nut 23. The nut 23 has a through hole on its top surface through which one end of the coaxial radio frequency cable 10 is connected to the inner conductor 21 and the outer conductor 22. Preferably, the height of the nut 23 is set at 5.8mm, which is a 64% reduction compared to the height of a standard male connector of 16 mm.

Through the utility model discloses a switching device, it is narrow and small both to have solved operation space, twists the inconvenient problem of nut, has reduced the whole height of defeated energy coupler again for the connection from coaxial defeated energy window to coaxial cable that is accomplished by triplex (interior adapter, outer adapter, standard male connector) originally has become and only needs a non-standard coaxial connector can realize. The size of the energy transmission coupler is compacted, the height of the energy transmission coupler is reduced to 15.15mm from the original 30.3mm, and the size of the energy transmission coupler is compressed by half. Through the test of the product, the voltage standing wave ratio in the frequency band of 37 GHz-42 GHz reaches below 1.2, which shows that the improved coaxial coupler has good impedance matching level.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the outer conductor 22 is formed in a cylindrical shape, a top surface of the cylindrical shape extends radially outward to form an annular boss 24, and a top surface of the nut 23 abuts against the annular boss 24 to press the outer conductor 22 against the coaxial power transmission window outer conductor 41.

The annular boss 24 increases the contact area between the outer conductor 22 and the nut 23, so that the pressing force of the nut 23 on the outer conductor 22 is increased, and the tight contact between the outer conductor 22 and the outer conductor 41 of the coaxial power transmission window is ensured.

Furthermore, the inner conductor 21 is a nickel tube, which can improve the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the inner conductor 21, a detachable moving part assembled by size tight fit is arranged between the nickel tube and the inner conductor 42 of the coaxial energy transmission window, the inner conductor 21 can be directly replaced after multiple splicing and aging, and the inner conductor can be assembled and installed with the inner conductor 42 of the coaxial energy transmission window during connection without influencing the effective use of the traveling wave tube, thereby avoiding the condition that the effective use and even scrapping of the traveling wave tube are influenced by the multiple splicing and aging of the metal tube in the conventional structure.

The coaxial energy transmission window in the embodiment has the same use method as that of a conventional coaxial coupler, namely, the coaxial energy transmission window is welded at the end of a helix of a slow wave structure, and the bottom of a window needle, namely the bottom of an inner conductor 42 of the coaxial energy transmission window is welded with the helix in an overlapping manner; the adapter 20 is screwed onto the coaxial energy delivery window to make a connection with an external system. The coaxial energy transmission coupler is small in size and high in reliability, and can be used for various spiral line traveling wave tubes which have the requirement of volume miniaturization and try to reduce the transverse size by shortening the height of the coaxial coupler.

Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to make other variations or changes based on the above descriptions, and all the embodiments cannot be exhausted here, and all the obvious variations or changes that belong to the technical solutions of the present invention are still in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switching device for a coaxial energy transmission window of a traveling wave tube is characterized by comprising: the radio frequency coaxial cable and the adapter and the standard radio frequency coaxial connector which are respectively connected with two ends of the radio frequency coaxial cable are arranged on the base, the adapter comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor which are respectively connected with the radio frequency coaxial cable, and a nut which is rotatably sleeved on the outer conductor, the inner conductor is in a circular tube shape, and the nut is used for being in threaded connection with a coaxial energy transmission window of the traveling wave tube.

2. The transition device defined in claim 1, wherein the nut is configured as a barrel, and wherein the inner conductor and the outer conductor are both located within the nut.

3. The transition device according to claim 2, wherein the outer conductor is configured as a cylinder, a top surface of the cylinder extending radially outward to form an annular projection, and a top surface of the nut abutting the annular projection to press the outer conductor against the outer conductor of the coaxial power transmission window.

4. The adapter of claim 2 wherein the nut has a height of 5.8 mm.

5. The transition device defined in claim 1, wherein the standard radio frequency coaxial connector is a male connector.

6. The transition device defined in claim 1, wherein the inner conductor is a nickel tube.

7. The transition device according to claim 6, wherein the nickel tube is in interference fit with the inner conductor of the coaxial energy transmission window.