CN214952752U - Centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device - Google Patents
Centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN214952752U CN214952752U CN202120860972.3U CN202120860972U CN214952752U CN 214952752 U CN214952752 U CN 214952752U CN 202120860972 U CN202120860972 U CN 202120860972U CN 214952752 U CN214952752 U CN 214952752U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device, include: the bracket system is used for providing supporting and fixing functions for the whole test device; the centrifugal system is arranged on the bracket system and is used for providing rotating power for a test bed of the bracket system; the load system is provided with an air compressor which is positioned outside the bracket system and is used for applying impact load and static pressure load to the model pile; the shearing system is arranged on the bracket system and is used for carrying out a shearing test on the model pile; the acquisition system is provided with an acquisition board positioned outside the bracket system and used for acquiring various data in the test process; and the sample system is arranged on the bracket system and used for placing the sample and providing a test space for the triaxial sample. The utility model discloses a centrifugal system, load system and shear system can realize the impact load to the model stake under the centrifugal motion condition, static load and shear test.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device especially relates to one kind and can implement impact load, static pressure load and shear test's device to the model pile under centrifugal motion's condition.
Background
The existing pile foundation tests generally comprise an in-situ test and an indoor model test on an engineering site. In-situ test on site, a pile-loading method is usually adopted to load engineering test piles, and a static loading method is usually adopted, so that the method has the advantage of better conforming to the actual engineering; the method has the disadvantages that the installation process of loading the sand bag is complicated, a large amount of manpower and material resources are generally consumed, and the repeated application of load to the test pile is difficult and convenient in engineering tests; the indoor pile foundation model test usually adopts a similar principle of the model test, the geometric parameters, the motion parameters and the power parameters of an engineering field are reduced, a model box, a model pile and the like are arranged indoors to carry out the pile foundation model test, the bearing rule of the pile foundation on the engineering field is roughly analyzed according to the indoor test rule, and beneficial reference can be provided for the engineering field test.
Conventional model tests have both a model box and a model foundation, but have disadvantages: the size of the model box is large, the sample loading is uneven, and the operation is not convenient; the model foundation is difficult to quantitatively analyze, the structure is inconvenient to install the sensor, and a loading system is usually expensive. The triaxial pile foundation model test is a new way and direction, the triaxial pile foundation model test device is developed by utilizing an indoor small geotechnical test device, and the triaxial pile foundation model test device has the advantages of accurate sample installation, small workload, convenient data acquisition and the like, and is a new idea for the research in the field of geotechnical engineering at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem, the utility model aims to provide a centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device can realize the impact load to the model stake, static pressure load and shear test under the centrifugal motion condition through centrifugal system, load system and shearing system.
In order to further realize the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device, comprising:
the bracket system is used for providing supporting and fixing functions for the whole test device;
the centrifugal system is arranged on the bracket system and is used for providing rotating power for a test bed of the bracket system;
the load system is provided with an air compressor which is positioned outside the bracket system and is used for applying impact load and static pressure load to the model pile;
the shearing system is arranged on the bracket system and is used for carrying out a shearing test on the model pile;
the acquisition system is provided with an acquisition board positioned outside the bracket system and used for acquiring various data in the test process;
and the sample system is arranged on the bracket system and used for placing the sample and providing a test space for the triaxial sample.
Optionally, the support system comprises a bottom plate, a test bed, a barrel, a cross beam, a sample, an pneumoelectric slip ring, a roller and a balancing weight,
the bottom plate is positioned at the lowest end of the device and is used for mounting a three-phase motor and a reduction gearbox;
a round hole is formed in the center of the test bed and used for mounting a centrifugal shaft, a roller is mounted on the side face of the test bed, and the test bed is used for mounting a sample system, a cylinder, a stepping motor and a slide way;
the drum is arranged on the periphery of the device, the roller at the side end of the test bed can slide on the inner wall of the drum, and the drum is used for limiting the rotation of the test bed and preventing accidents caused by throwing out of internal parts in the test process;
the beam is arranged at the upper end of the barrel, a round hole is formed in the center of the beam, and the beam is used for mounting the gas-electric slip ring;
the sample is placed in a rubber film, one end of the sample is in contact with the base, and the other end of the sample is in contact with the pressurizing plug;
the gas-electric slip ring is divided into a fixed end and a rotating end, the fixed end is installed on the cross beam, the rotating end penetrates through a round hole in the center of the cross beam, and the gas-electric slip ring is used for guiding gas and conducting electricity in the rotating process of the test bed so as to prevent a gas pipe from being wound with a lead;
the rollers are arranged on two sides of the test bed and can slide on the inner wall of the drum, and the rollers are used for limiting the rotation of the test bed;
the balancing weight is installed on the test bench, and the test bench is balanced by changing the size and the position of the balancing weight.
Optionally, the centrifugal system comprises a three-phase motor, a reduction box and a centrifugal shaft,
the three-phase motor is arranged on the bottom plate and used for providing power for rotation of the test bed;
the reduction gearbox is arranged on the bottom plate, the input end of the reduction gearbox is connected with the three-phase motor, the input end of the reduction gearbox is in the horizontal direction, the output end of the reduction gearbox is in the vertical direction, the output end of the reduction gearbox is located at the center of the test bed, and the reduction gearbox is used for changing the axial direction and adjusting the rotating speed of the test bed;
one end of the centrifugal shaft is connected with the output end of the reduction gearbox, the other end of the centrifugal shaft is connected with the center of the test bed, and the centrifugal shaft is used for transmitting power from the three-phase motor.
Optionally, the load system comprises an air cylinder, an air compressor, a pressure regulating valve, an electromagnetic valve, an electric proportional valve, a PLC controller and a triaxial shear test control cabinet,
the air cylinder is arranged on the test bed, a push rod of the air cylinder faces the center of the test bed, and the air cylinder is used for applying various loads to the model pile;
the air compressor is connected with the pressure regulating valve and used for providing power for the air cylinder;
one end of the pressure regulating valve is connected with the air compressor, the other end of the pressure regulating valve is connected with the electromagnetic valve or the electric proportional valve according to the test requirement, and the pressure regulating valve is used for regulating the output air pressure of the air compressor to control the load;
one end of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the pressure regulating valve, the other end of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the air cylinder, the circuit part is connected with the PLC, and the electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the expansion and contraction of the air cylinder to realize the impact load on the model pile;
one end of the electric proportional valve is connected with the pressure regulating valve, the other end of the electric proportional valve is connected with the air cylinder, the circuit part is connected with the PLC, and the electric proportional valve is used for controlling the air pressure to change according to a set form so as to realize static pressure load on the model pile;
the PLC is connected with the electromagnetic valve and the electric proportional valve and is used for controlling the load applying mode and size of the air cylinder;
the triaxial shear test control cabinet is used for measuring and controlling confining pressure, back pressure and pore pressure borne by a sample in the triaxial shear test process.
Optionally, the shearing system comprises a stepping motor, a stepping motor driver, a stepping motor controller, a slideway, a slide block, a screw rod and a shearing plate,
the stepping motor is arranged on the test bed, a push rod of the stepping motor deviates from the center of the test bed and is connected with the slide block, and the stepping motor is used for providing power for a shear test;
the stepping motor driver is connected with the stepping motor through the gas-electric slip ring, the stepping motor controller is connected with the stepping motor driver, and the stepping motor driver and the stepping motor controller are used for controlling the speed of the stepping motor;
the slide ways are two rails with grooves and are arranged at the central symmetrical positions of the test bed, the slide ways are provided with slide blocks and shear plates, and the slide ways are used for limiting the displacement directions of the slide blocks and the shear plates so that the shear plates vertically act on the model piles;
the lower end of the sliding block is provided with two square blocks which are arranged in the slide way and can slide in the slide way, the side surface of the sliding block is connected with a push rod of the stepping motor, two ends of the sliding block are provided with round holes which can fix a screw rod, and the sliding block is used for transmitting the thrust of the stepping motor to the shear plate through the screw rod;
the screw rod is arranged between the sliding block and the shearing plate and used for transmitting the force of the sliding block;
the shear plate lower extreme is provided with two squares, installs in the slide, can slide in the slide, the side of shear plate links to each other with the one end of drawing the pressure sensor, there is the round hole at the both ends of shear plate, can the stationary lead screw, the shear plate is used for carrying out shear test on the model pile with step motor's thrust transmission.
Optionally, the shearing system comprises a stepping motor, a stepping motor driver, a stepping motor controller, a slideway, a slide block, a screw rod and a shearing plate,
the stepping motor is arranged on the test bed, a push rod of the stepping motor deviates from the center of the test bed and is connected with the slide block, and the stepping motor is used for providing power for a shear test;
the stepping motor driver is connected with the stepping motor through the gas-electric slip ring, the stepping motor controller is connected with the stepping motor driver, and the stepping motor driver and the stepping motor controller are used for controlling the speed of the stepping motor;
the slide ways are two rails with grooves and are arranged at the central symmetrical positions of the test bed, the slide ways are provided with slide blocks and shear plates, and the slide ways are used for limiting the displacement directions of the slide blocks and the shear plates so that the shear plates vertically act on the model piles;
the lower end of the sliding block is provided with two square blocks which are arranged in the slide way and can slide in the slide way, the side surface of the sliding block is connected with a push rod of the stepping motor, two ends of the sliding block are provided with round holes which can fix a screw rod, and the sliding block is used for transmitting the thrust of the stepping motor to the shear plate through the screw rod;
the screw rod is arranged between the sliding block and the shearing plate and used for transmitting the force of the sliding block;
the shear plate lower extreme is provided with two squares, installs in the slide, can slide in the slide, the side of shear plate links to each other with the one end of drawing the pressure sensor, there is the round hole at the both ends of shear plate, can the stationary lead screw, the shear plate is used for carrying out shear test on the model pile with step motor's thrust transmission.
Optionally, the collecting system comprises a tension and compression sensor, a displacement meter, a straight plate and a collecting plate,
one end of the tension and compression sensor is connected with one end of a push rod of the glass cover, the other end of the tension and compression sensor is connected with the side face of the shear plate, the circuit part is connected with the acquisition plate through the gas-electric slip ring, and the tension and compression sensor is used for acquiring the force application magnitude of the cylinder and the stepping motor to the model pile;
a push rod of the displacement meter is in contact with the surface of the straight plate, the displacement meter is fixed on the test bed through a magnet, and the displacement meter is used for measuring the sinking size of the model pile;
the straight plate is arranged between a push rod of the glass cover and the tension and compression sensor, and the straight plate is combined with a displacement meter to measure the sinking size of the model pile;
the acquisition board is connected with the tension and compression sensor and the displacement meter and is used for acquiring data of each sensor.
Optionally, the sample system comprises a base, a glass cover, a pressurizing plug, a confining pressure hole, a back pressure hole, a hole pressure hole, a rubber film, a fixed base and a fixed frame,
the base is arranged on the fixed base, the glass cover is arranged on the test bed through the fixed frame, a push rod of the glass cover is connected with one end of the tension-compression sensor, and the confining pressure hole, the back pressure hole and the hole pressure hole are respectively connected with confining pressure, back pressure and hole pressure testing ends of the triaxial shear test control cabinet;
the fixed base is arranged on the test bed, and the side surface of the fixed base is connected with the base and used for fixing the base;
the fixing frame is provided with a through hole in the middle, is installed on the experiment table and is connected with the glass cover through a bolt, and the fixing frame is used for fixing the glass cover.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: the utility model discloses a reequip triaxial compression device for centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test system, in less mold box environment, less model pile size, less model ground realizes the loading of model test, measurement, collection to and the quantitative analysis and the survey of model ground. Impact load, static pressure load and shear test to the model pile can be realized through the centrifugal system, the load system and the shear system under the centrifugal motion condition.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the bracket system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the drum and the test bed of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the centrifugal system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the centrifugal system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the loading system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the shearing system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the rail and the slider of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the load and shear system of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the collecting system of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the sample system of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the base and the glass cover of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the connection between the base and the triaxial test control cabinet of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the impact load test connection of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the connection of the static pressure load test of the present invention;
figure 16 is a schematic view of a shear test connection of the present invention.
In the figure:
10-a bracket system, 11-a bottom plate, 12-a test bed, 13-a barrel, 14-a cross beam, 15-a sample, 16-an air-electric slip ring, 17-a roller and 18-a balancing weight;
20-a centrifugal system, 21-a three-phase motor, 22-a reduction box and 23-a centrifugal shaft;
30-a load system, 31-a cylinder, 32-an air compressor, 33-a pressure regulating valve, 34-an electromagnetic valve, 35-an electric proportional valve, 36-a PLC controller, 37-a three-axis shear test control cabinet;
40-a shearing system, 41-a stepping motor, 42-a stepping motor driver, 43-a stepping motor controller, 44-a slideway, 45-a sliding block, 46-a screw rod, 47-a shearing plate;
50-an acquisition system, 51-a tension and compression sensor, 52-a displacement meter, 53-a straight plate, and 54-an acquisition plate;
60-sample system, 61-base, 62-glass cover, 63-pressurizing plug, 64-confining pressure hole, 65-counter pressure hole, 66-hole pressure hole, 67-rubber membrane, 68-fixed base, 69-fixed frame.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device provided by the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 16, is composed of six parts, namely a support system 10, a centrifugal system 20, a loading system 30, a shearing system 40, a collecting system 50 and a sample system 60.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the rack system 10, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the drum and the test stand.
The utility model discloses in, mounting system 10 is by bottom plate 11, test bench 12, cask 13, crossbeam 14, sample 15, gas electric slip ring 16, and gyro wheel 17 and 18 eight parts of balancing weight are constituteed, and mounting system 10 provides support and fixed action for whole test device.
The bottom plate 11 is a steel hard plate and is positioned at the lowest end of the device and used for installing a three-phase motor 21 and a reduction gearbox 22.
The test bed 12 is a steel rectangular plate, a round hole is formed in the center of the test bed 12 and used for mounting the centrifugal shaft 23, the roller 17 is mounted on the side face of the test bed 12, and the test bed 12 is used for mounting the sample system 60, the air cylinder 31, the stepping motor 41 and the slide 44.
The round barrel 13 is a steel round barrel wall and is arranged on the periphery of the device, the idler wheel 17 at the side end of the test bed 12 can slide on the inner wall of the round barrel 13, the round barrel 13 is used for limiting the rotation of the test bed 12, and accidents caused by throwing out of internal parts in the test process are prevented.
The beam 14 is a rectangular steel plate and is arranged at the upper end of the drum 13, a round hole is formed in the center of the rectangular steel plate, and the beam 14 is used for installing the gas-electric slip ring 16.
The sample 15 is a cylindrical soil sample or a cylindrical sand sample, the sample 15 is manufactured according to a triaxial test standard, the sample 15 is placed in a rubber film 67, one end of the sample is in contact with the base 61, and the other end of the sample is in contact with the pressurizing plug 63.
The gas-electric slip ring 16 is a standard component, the gas-electric slip ring 16 is divided into a fixed end and a rotating end, the fixed end is installed on the cross beam 14, the rotating end penetrates through a round hole in the center of the cross beam 14, and the gas-electric slip ring 16 is used for guiding gas and conducting electricity in the rotating process of the test bed 12 to prevent the gas pipe from being wound with a conducting wire.
The rollers 17 are two small pulleys, are mounted on two sides of the test bed 12 and can slide on the inner wall of the drum 13, and the rollers 17 are used for limiting the rotation of the test bed 12.
The balancing weight 18 is a steel weight, is mounted on the test bed 12, and balances the test bed 12 by changing the size and the position of the balancing weight 18.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal system, and fig. 5 is a schematic installation view of the centrifugal system.
The utility model discloses in, centrifugal system 20 comprises three-phase motor 21, reducing gear box 22 and centrifugal shaft 23 triplex, and centrifugal system 20 is used for providing the rotatory power of test bench 12.
The three-phase motor 21 is a standard component, is mounted on the bottom plate 11, and is used for providing power for rotating the test bed 12.
The speed reduction box 22 is a speed-adjustable speed reduction box standard part and is arranged on the bottom plate 11, the input end of the speed reduction box 22 is connected with the three-phase motor 21, the input end of the speed reduction box 22 is in the horizontal direction, the output end of the speed reduction box 22 is in the vertical direction, the output end of the speed reduction box is located in the center of the test bed 12, and the speed reduction box 22 is used for changing the axial direction and adjusting the rotating speed of the test bed 12.
The centrifugal shaft 23 is a steel round shaft, one end of the centrifugal shaft is connected with the output end of the reduction box 22, the other end of the centrifugal shaft is connected with the center of the test bed 12, and the centrifugal shaft 23 is used for transmitting power from the three-phase motor 21.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the loading system structure.
The utility model discloses in, load system 30 is by cylinder 31, air compressor 32, air-vent valve 33, solenoid valve 34, electric proportional valve 35, PLC controller 36 and the seven parts of triaxial shear test switch board 37 are constituteed, and load system 30 is used for appllying impact load, multiple loads such as static load to the model stake.
The cylinder 31 is a standard component and is installed on the test bed 12, a push rod of the cylinder 31 faces the center of the test bed 12, and the cylinder 31 is used for applying various loads to the model pile.
The air compressor 32 is a standard component and is connected with the pressure regulating valve 33, and the air compressor 32 is used for providing power for the air cylinder 31.
The pressure regulating valve 33 is a standard component, one end of the pressure regulating valve is connected with the air compressor 32, the other end of the pressure regulating valve is connected with the electromagnetic valve 34 or the electric proportional valve 35 according to the test requirement, and the pressure regulating valve 33 is used for regulating the output air pressure of the air compressor 32 to control the load.
The electromagnetic valve 34 is a standard component, one end of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the pressure regulating valve 33, the other end of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the air cylinder 31, the circuit part is connected with the PLC 36, and the electromagnetic valve 34 is used for controlling the expansion and contraction of the air cylinder 31 to realize the impact load on the model pile.
The electric proportional valve 35 is a standard component, one end of the electric proportional valve is connected with the pressure regulating valve 33, the other end of the electric proportional valve is connected with the air cylinder 31, the circuit part is connected with the PLC 36, and the electric proportional valve 35 is used for controlling the air pressure to change according to a set form so as to realize static pressure load on the model pile.
The PLC 36 is a standard component and is connected with the electromagnetic valve 34 and the electric proportional valve 35, and the PLC 36 is used for controlling the load applying mode and magnitude of the air cylinder 31.
The triaxial shear test control cabinet 37 is a standard component in a triaxial shear test and is installed according to the standard GB/T24107.1-2009, a confining pressure test end, a back pressure test end and a pore pressure test end of the triaxial shear test control cabinet are respectively connected with a confining pressure hole 64, a back pressure hole 65 and a pore pressure hole 66, and the triaxial shear test control cabinet is used for measuring and controlling confining pressure, back pressure and pore pressure of a sample in the triaxial shear test process.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a shearing system, fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a track and a slider, and fig. 9 is a schematic mounting view of a load and shearing system.
The utility model discloses in, shear system 40 comprises step motor 41, step motor driver 42, step motor controller 43, slide 44, slider 45, lead screw 46 and shear plate 47 seven parts, and shear system 40 is used for carrying out shear test to the model stake.
The stepping motor driver 42 and the stepping motor controller 43 are both standard parts, the stepping motor driver 42 is connected with the stepping motor 41 through the gas-electric slip ring 16, the stepping motor controller 43 is connected with the stepping motor driver 42, and the stepping motor driver 42 and the stepping motor controller 43 are used for controlling the speed of the stepping motor 41.
The slide 44 is two tracks with grooves and is arranged at the central symmetrical position of the test bed 12, a slide block 45 and a shear plate 47 are arranged on the slide 44, and the slide 44 is used for limiting the displacement direction of the slide block 45 and the shear plate 47 so that the shear plate 47 acts on the model pile vertically.
The slider 45 is a steel hard plate, the lower end of the slider is provided with two square blocks, the two square blocks are installed in the slide rail 44 and can slide in the slide rail 44, the side face of the slider 45 is connected with a push rod of the stepping motor 41, the two ends of the slider 45 are provided with round holes which can fix the screw rod 46, and the slider 45 is used for transmitting the thrust of the stepping motor 41 to the shear plate 47 through the screw rod 46.
The lead screw 46 is a standard component and is installed between the slide block 45 and the shear plate 47, and the lead screw 46 is used for transmitting the force of the slide block 45.
The shear plate 47 is a steel hard plate, the lower end of the shear plate is provided with two square blocks, the shear plate is installed in the slide rail 44 and can slide in the slide rail 44, the side face of the shear plate 47 is connected with one end of the tension and compression sensor 51, the two ends of the shear plate 47 are provided with round holes which can fix the screw rod 46, and the shear plate 47 is used for transmitting the thrust of the stepping motor 41 to the model pile for shear test.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the acquisition configuration.
The utility model discloses in, collection system 50 is by drawing pressure sensor 51, displacement meter 52, and straight board 53 and the 54 four bibliographic categories of collection board divide and constitute, and collection system 50 is arranged in gathering each item data among the experimentation.
The tension and compression sensor 51 is a standard component, one end of the tension and compression sensor is connected with one end of a push rod of the glass cover 62, the other end of the tension and compression sensor is connected with the side face of the shear plate 47, a circuit part is connected with the acquisition plate 54 through the gas-electric slip ring 16, and the tension and compression sensor 51 is used for acquiring the force application magnitude of the cylinder 31 and the stepping motor 41 to the model pile.
The displacement meter 52 is a standard component, the push rod is in surface contact with the straight plate 53, the displacement meter 52 is fixed on the test bed 12 through a magnet, and the displacement meter 52 is used for measuring the sinking size of the model pile.
The straight plate 53 is a hard flat plate and is arranged between the push rod of the glass cover 62 and the tension and compression sensor 51, and the straight plate 53 is combined with the displacement meter 52 and is used for measuring the sinking size of the model pile.
The acquisition board 54 is a standard component, and is connected with the tension and compression sensor 51 and the displacement meter 52 for acquiring data of each sensor.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample system, fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a base and a glass cover, and fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the base and a triaxial sample control cabinet.
The utility model discloses in, sample system 60 is by base 61, glass cover 62, and pressure plug 63 encloses pressure hole 64, back pressure hole 65, hole pressure hole 66, rubber membrane 67, unable adjustment base 68 and mount 69 are constituteed, and sample system 60 is used for placing sample 15, provides experimental space for the triaxial sample.
The base 61, the glass cover 62, the pressurizing plug 63, the confining pressure hole 64, the back pressure hole 65, the hole pressure hole 66 and the rubber film 67 are standard parts of a triaxial test and are installed according to the standard GB/T24107.1-2009 of a triaxial tester.
The base 61 is installed on a fixed base 68 of the device, the glass cover 62 is installed on the test bed 12 through a fixed frame 69, a push rod of the glass cover 62 is connected with one end of the tension-compression sensor 51, and the confining pressure hole 64, the back pressure hole 65 and the hole pressure hole 66 are respectively connected with confining pressure, back pressure and hole pressure testing ends of the triaxial shear test control cabinet 37.
The fixed base 68 is a steel hard plate, is installed on the test bed 12, and is connected with the base 61 at the side surface thereof for fixing the base 61.
The fixing frame 69 is a steel hard plate, has a through hole in the middle, is installed on the experiment table 12, and is connected with the glass cover 62 through a bolt, and the fixing frame is used for fixing the glass cover 62.
The following briefly describes the use of the centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device according to the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 16 in conjunction with the above structural description. The test device can realize the pile foundation model test of various loads under the centrifugal condition, and the specific working flow is as follows:
(1) the installation device comprises:
the first step is as follows: the three-phase motor 21 and the reduction gearbox 22 are mounted on the base plate 11, and the centrifugal shaft 23 is mounted on the reduction gearbox 22.
The second step is that: the air cylinder 31, the stepping motor 41 and the slide 44 are mounted on the test bed 12, the slider 45 is mounted on the slide 44, and the lead screw 46 and the shear plate 47 are mounted on the slide 44.
The third step: the rollers 17 are mounted on both ends of the test bed 12, the test bed 12 is mounted on the eccentric shaft 23, and the drum 13 is mounted.
The fourth step: the test specimen 15 is placed in the test specimen system 60 as required, and the base 61 and the glass cover 62 are mounted on the test stand 12 by a fixing base 68 and a fixing frame 69.
The fifth step: the push rod of the glass cover 62 is connected to the tension/compression sensor 51, the other end of the tension/compression sensor 51 is connected to the shear plate 47, the straight plate 53 is mounted on the push rod of the glass cover 62, and the displacement meter 52 is fixed to the test stand 12.
And a sixth step: a beam 14 is mounted on the drum 13, and an electro-pneumatic slip ring 16 is mounted on the beam 14 with the slip end facing downward.
The seventh step: the wires of the tension and compression sensor 51 and the displacement meter 52 are connected to the acquisition board 54 through the air-electric slip ring 16.
(2) And (3) impact load test:
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a shock load test connection.
The first step is as follows: an air compressor 32, a pressure regulating valve 33 and an electromagnetic valve 34 are connected in sequence by a gas guide pipe, the electromagnetic valve 34 and the cylinder 31 are connected by an electro-pneumatic slip ring 16, and the electromagnetic valve 34 and a PLC 36 are connected by a lead.
The second step is that: a PLC (programmable logic controller) 36 is arranged through a computer, so that impact load with required frequency is realized, the load is controlled by adjusting a pressure regulating valve 33, and the rotating speed of the test bed 12 is controlled by adjusting the gear of the reduction gearbox 22.
The third step: the test is started, the three-phase motor 21 is turned on, the test bed 12 starts to rotate, the air compressor 32 and the PLC 36 are turned on, the air cylinder 31 starts to impact the shear plate 47 and then is transmitted to the sample through the push rod of the glass cover 62, the tension and compression sensor 51 records the force application size of the air cylinder 31, and the displacement meter 52 records the sinking size of the pile.
The fourth step: after the test is finished, the PLC controller 36, the air compressor 32 and the three-phase motor 21 are turned off, and the sample system 60 is taken out.
(3) Static load test:
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a hydrostatic load test connection.
The first step is as follows: an air compressor 32, a pressure regulating valve 33 and an electric proportional valve 35 are connected in sequence by a gas guide pipe, an electromagnetic valve 34 and the cylinder 31 are connected by an electric slip ring 16, and the electric proportional valve 35 and a PLC 36 are connected by a lead.
The second step is that: the PLC 36 is arranged through a computer, static pressure load is changed regularly, the load is controlled by adjusting the pressure regulating valve 33, and the rotating speed of the test bed 12 is controlled by adjusting the gear of the reduction gearbox 22.
The third step: the test is started, the three-phase motor 21 is turned on, the test bed 12 starts to rotate, the air compressor 32 and the PLC 36 are turned on, the air cylinder 31 starts to perform static pressure on the shear plate 47 and then is transmitted to the sample through the push rod of the glass cover 62, the tension and compression sensor 51 records the force application size of the air cylinder 31, and the displacement meter 52 records the sinking size of the pile.
The fourth step: after the test is finished, the PLC controller 36, the air compressor 32 and the three-phase motor 21 are turned off, and the sample system 60 is taken out.
(4) Shear test:
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a shear test connection.
The first step is as follows: the stepping motor controller 43 and the stepping motor driver 42 are connected by a wire, and the stepping motor driver 42 and the stepping motor 41 are connected by the air-electric slip ring 16.
The second step is that: the stepping motor controller 43 is arranged to realize a certain shearing rate, and the gear of the reduction gearbox 22 is adjusted to control the rotating speed of the test bed 12.
The third step: the test is started, the three-phase motor 21 is turned on, the test bed 12 starts to rotate, the stepping motor controller 43 is turned on, the stepping motor 41 starts to push the sliding block 45, the sliding block is transmitted to the shear plate 47 through the screw rod 46 and then transmitted to the sample through the push rod of the glass cover, the tension and compression sensor 51 records the force application size of the air cylinder 31, and the displacement meter 52 records the sinking size of the pile.
The fourth step: and (5) after the test is finished, closing the stepping motor 41 and the three-phase motor 21 and taking out the sample system 60.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, and that various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device which characterized in that includes:
the bracket system (10) is used for providing supporting and fixing functions for the whole test device;
a centrifugal system (20) mounted on the rack system (10) for providing rotational power to a test stand (12) with which the rack system (10) has;
a load system (30) having an air compressor (32) located outside of the support system (10) for applying impact and static loads to the model pile;
the shearing system (40) is arranged on the bracket system (10) and is used for carrying out a shearing test on the model pile;
the acquisition system (50) is provided with an acquisition board (54) which is positioned outside the bracket system (10) and is used for acquiring various data in the test process;
and the sample system (60) is arranged on the bracket system (10) and is used for placing the sample (15) and providing a test space for the triaxial sample.
2. The centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device of claim 1, wherein the bracket system (10) comprises a bottom plate (11), a test bed (12), a barrel (13), a cross beam (14), a test specimen (15), an electro-pneumatic slip ring (16), a roller (17) and a balancing weight (18),
the bottom plate (11) is positioned at the lowest end of the device and is used for mounting a three-phase motor (21) and a reduction gearbox (22);
a round hole is formed in the center of the test bed (12) and used for mounting a centrifugal shaft (23), a roller (17) is mounted on the side face of the test bed (12), and the test bed (12) is used for mounting a sample system (60), an air cylinder (31), a stepping motor (41) and a slide way (44);
the drum (13) is arranged at the periphery of the device, the roller (17) at the side end of the test bed (12) can slide on the inner wall of the drum (13), and the drum (13) is used for limiting the rotation of the test bed (12) and preventing accidents caused by throwing out of internal parts in the test process;
the cross beam (14) is arranged at the upper end of the barrel (13), a round hole is formed in the center of the cross beam, and the cross beam (14) is used for mounting an air-electric slip ring (16);
the sample (15) is placed in a rubber film (67), one end of the sample is in contact with the base (61), and the other end of the sample is in contact with the pressurizing plug (63);
the gas-electric slip ring (16) is divided into a fixed end and a rotating end, the fixed end is installed on the cross beam (14), the rotating end penetrates through a round hole in the center of the cross beam (14), and the gas-electric slip ring (16) is used for guiding gas and conducting electricity in the rotating process of the test bed (12) and preventing a gas pipe from being wound with a lead;
the rollers (17) are arranged on two sides of the test bed (12) and can slide on the inner wall of the drum (13), and the rollers (17) are used for limiting the rotation of the test bed (12);
the balancing weight (18) is installed on the test bed (12), and the test bed (12) is balanced by changing the size and the position of the balancing weight (18).
3. Centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugal system (20) comprises a three-phase motor (21), a reduction gearbox (22) and a centrifugal shaft (23),
the three-phase motor (21) is arranged on the bottom plate (11) and is used for providing power for the rotation of the test bed (12);
the reduction gearbox (22) is installed on the bottom plate (11), the input end of the reduction gearbox is connected with the three-phase motor (21), the input end of the reduction gearbox (22) is in the horizontal direction, the output end of the reduction gearbox is in the vertical direction, the output end of the reduction gearbox is located in the center of the test bed (12), and the reduction gearbox (22) is used for changing the axial direction and adjusting the rotating speed of the test bed (12);
one end of the centrifugal shaft (23) is connected with the output end of the reduction gearbox (22), the other end of the centrifugal shaft is connected with the center of the test bed (12), and the centrifugal shaft (23) is used for transmitting power from the three-phase motor (21).
4. The centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device of claim 1, wherein the load system (30) comprises a cylinder (31), an air compressor (32), a pressure regulating valve (33), a solenoid valve (34), an electric proportional valve (35), a PLC controller (36) and a triaxial shear test control cabinet (37),
the cylinder (31) is arranged on the test bed (12), a push rod of the cylinder faces the center of the test bed (12), and the cylinder (31) is used for applying various loads to the model pile;
the air compressor (32) is connected with the pressure regulating valve (33), and the air compressor (32) is used for providing power for the air cylinder (31);
one end of the pressure regulating valve (33) is connected with the air compressor (32), the other end of the pressure regulating valve is connected with the electromagnetic valve (34) or the electric proportional valve (35) according to the test requirement, and the pressure regulating valve (33) is used for regulating the output air pressure of the air compressor (32) to control the load;
one end of the electromagnetic valve (34) is connected with the pressure regulating valve (33), the other end of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the air cylinder (31), the circuit part is connected with the PLC (36), and the electromagnetic valve (34) is used for controlling the expansion and contraction of the air cylinder (31) to realize the impact load on the model pile;
one end of the electric proportional valve (35) is connected with the pressure regulating valve (33), the other end of the electric proportional valve is connected with the air cylinder (31), the circuit part is connected with the PLC (36), and the electric proportional valve (35) is used for controlling the air pressure to change according to a set form so as to realize static pressure load on the model pile;
the PLC (36) is connected with the electromagnetic valve (34) and the electric proportional valve (35), and the PLC (36) is used for controlling the load applying mode and size of the air cylinder (31);
the three-axis shear test control cabinet (37) is characterized in that a confining pressure test end, a back pressure test end and a pore pressure test end are respectively connected with a confining pressure hole (64), a back pressure hole (65) and a pore pressure hole (66), and the three-axis shear test control cabinet (37) is used for measuring and controlling confining pressure, back pressure and pore pressure of a sample in the three-axis shear test process.
5. Centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device according to claim 1, wherein the shear system (40) comprises a stepper motor (41), a stepper motor driver (42), a stepper motor controller (43), a slide (44), a slide (45), a screw (46) and a shear plate (47),
the stepping motor (41) is arranged on the test bed (12), a push rod of the stepping motor deviates from the center of the test bed (12) and is connected with the sliding block (45), and the stepping motor (41) is used for providing power for a shear test;
the stepping motor driver (42) is connected with the stepping motor (41) through the gas-electric slip ring (16), the stepping motor controller (43) is connected with the stepping motor driver (42), and the stepping motor driver (42) and the stepping motor controller (43) are used for controlling the speed of the stepping motor (41);
the slide ways (44) are two rails with grooves and are arranged at the central symmetrical positions of the test bed (12), the slide ways (44) are provided with slide blocks (45) and shear plates (47), and the slide ways (44) are used for limiting the displacement directions of the slide blocks (45) and the shear plates (47) so that the shear plates (47) vertically act on the model pile;
the lower end of the sliding block (45) is provided with two square blocks which are arranged in the slide way (44) and can slide in the slide way (44), the side surface of the sliding block (45) is connected with a push rod of the stepping motor (41), two ends of the sliding block (45) are provided with round holes which can fix a screw rod (46), and the sliding block (45) is used for transmitting the thrust of the stepping motor (41) to a shear plate (47) through the screw rod (46);
the screw rod (46) is arranged between the sliding block (45) and the shearing plate (47), and the screw rod (46) is used for transmitting the force of the sliding block (45);
shear plate (47) lower extreme is provided with two squares, installs in slide (44), can slide in slide (44), the side of shear plate (47) links to each other with the one end of drawing and pressing sensor (51), there is the round hole at the both ends of shear plate (47), can fixed screw (46), shear plate (47) are used for carrying out shear test on the model pile with step motor (41)'s thrust transmission.
6. Centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device according to claim 1, wherein the shear system (40) comprises a stepper motor (41), a stepper motor driver (42), a stepper motor controller (43), a slide (44), a slide (45), a screw (46) and a shear plate (47),
the stepping motor (41) is arranged on the test bed (12), a push rod of the stepping motor deviates from the center of the test bed (12) and is connected with the sliding block (45), and the stepping motor (41) is used for providing power for a shear test;
the stepping motor driver (42) is connected with the stepping motor (41) through the gas-electric slip ring (16), the stepping motor controller (43) is connected with the stepping motor driver (42), and the stepping motor driver (42) and the stepping motor controller (43) are used for controlling the speed of the stepping motor (41);
the slide ways (44) are two rails with grooves and are arranged at the central symmetrical positions of the test bed (12), the slide ways (44) are provided with slide blocks (45) and shear plates (47), and the slide ways (44) are used for limiting the displacement directions of the slide blocks (45) and the shear plates (47) so that the shear plates (47) vertically act on the model pile;
the lower end of the sliding block (45) is provided with two square blocks which are arranged in the slide way (44) and can slide in the slide way (44), the side surface of the sliding block (45) is connected with a push rod of the stepping motor (41), two ends of the sliding block (45) are provided with round holes which can fix a screw rod (46), and the sliding block (45) is used for transmitting the thrust of the stepping motor (41) to a shear plate (47) through the screw rod (46);
the screw rod (46) is arranged between the sliding block (45) and the shearing plate (47), and the screw rod (46) is used for transmitting the force of the sliding block (45);
shear plate (47) lower extreme is provided with two squares, installs in slide (44), can slide in slide (44), the side of shear plate (47) links to each other with the one end of drawing and pressing sensor (51), there is the round hole at the both ends of shear plate (47), can fixed screw (46), shear plate (47) are used for carrying out shear test on the model pile with step motor (41)'s thrust transmission.
7. Centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device according to claim 1, wherein the collection system (50) comprises a tension and compression sensor (51), a displacement gauge (52), a straight plate (53) and a collection plate (54),
one end of the tension and compression sensor (51) is connected with one end of a push rod of the glass cover (62), the other end of the tension and compression sensor is connected with the side face of the shear plate (47), a circuit part is connected with the acquisition plate (54) through the gas-electric slip ring (16), and the tension and compression sensor (51) is used for acquiring the force application magnitude of the cylinder (31) and the stepping motor (41) to the model pile;
a push rod of the displacement meter (52) is in surface contact with the straight plate (53), the displacement meter (52) is fixed on the test bed (12) through a magnet, and the displacement meter (52) is used for measuring the sinking size of the model pile;
the straight plate (53) is arranged between a push rod of the glass cover (62) and the tension and compression sensor (51), and the straight plate (53) is combined with the displacement meter (52) and used for measuring the sinking size of the model pile;
the acquisition board (54) is connected with the tension and compression sensor (51) and the displacement meter (52) and is used for acquiring data of each sensor.
8. The centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device of claim 1, wherein the sample system (60) comprises a base (61), a glass cover (62), a pressurizing plug (63), a confining pressure hole (64), a back pressure hole (65), a hole pressure hole (66), a rubber membrane (67), a fixed base (68) and a fixed frame (69),
the base (61) is installed on a fixed base (68), the glass cover (62) is installed on the test bed (12) through a fixed frame (69), a push rod of the glass cover (62) is connected with one end of a tension-compression sensor (51), and the confining pressure hole (64), the back pressure hole (65) and the hole pressure hole (66) are respectively connected with confining pressure, back pressure and hole pressure testing ends of a triaxial shear test control cabinet (37);
the fixed base (68) is arranged on the test bed (12), and the side surface of the fixed base is connected with the base (61) and used for fixing the base (61);
the middle of the fixing frame (69) is provided with a through hole, the fixing frame is installed on the experiment table (12) and connected with the glass cover (62) through bolts, and the fixing frame (69) is used for fixing the glass cover (62).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120860972.3U CN214952752U (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120860972.3U CN214952752U (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Centrifugal triaxial pile foundation model test device |
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| CN214952752U true CN214952752U (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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- 2021-04-25 CN CN202120860972.3U patent/CN214952752U/en active Active
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