CN214949049U - Micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling solid wastes of electronic garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling electronic garbage solid wastes, which comprises a first cracking kettle, a second cracking kettle, a hot blast stove, an ash residue collecting and conveying unit, a pyrolysis gas comprehensive treatment unit, an independent sorting unit, a tail gas treatment unit and a pressure difference transmitter, wherein the tail gas treatment unit comprises a washing tower, a UV photolysis deodorizer and a water storage tank, and the top end part of the washing tower is communicated with one end part of the UV photolysis deodorizer through a gas pipeline; the utility model discloses a collect first pyrolysis cauldron, second pyrolysis cauldron, hot-blast furnace, lime-ash with conveying unit, pyrolysis gas integrated processing unit, independently select separately unit and tail gas processing unit and differential pressure changer system constitution back, can utilize hot air heating's pyrolysis cauldron to accomplish the effect of environmental protection, minimizing, innocent treatment with the solid useless technology through the pyrolysis of electronic waste, still can retrieve affiliated non ferrous metal simultaneously.

Description

Micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling solid wastes of electronic garbage

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of electronic waste recovery, in particular to a micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recovering electronic waste solid waste.

Background

With the improvement of living standard and the rapid development of electronic information technology, the demand of electronic products is continuously increased, and the updating period is continuously shortened, so that the yield of electronic waste is gradually increased year by year, and the electronic waste becomes one of the fastest solid wastes in the world. Printed wiring boards are an important component of electronic waste as a foundation for the electronics industry. Printed circuit boards are used in almost all electronic and electrical devices. The printed circuit board has the function of supporting and connecting various electronic components, and is widely applied to various electronic and electrical equipment, including computers and components thereof, communication equipment, measuring and controlling instruments and meters, household and office electrical equipment and the like. The safe disposal of the waste printed circuit board is an important subject facing the international society, and a method called fire metallurgy incineration is used for the treatment process of the waste printed circuit board, although the process is simple, the treatment capacity is large, the large-scale application is easy to realize, and the recovery rate of the noble metal is high.

However, because open fire combustion treatment is adopted, the flame retardant for the circuit board contains chlorine, bromine and other components, and halogen-containing plastics generate highly toxic substances such as dioxin, furan and the like besides highly corrosive hydrogen halide in combustion, thereby causing serious pollution to the environment; in addition, the existing washing tower cannot well contact the tail gas with spray water, and the tail gas rises quickly and is difficult to treat dust and sulfur in the tail gas.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model discloses the purpose is: the utility model provides a little negative pressure thermal cracking device is used in recovery of electronic waste solid waste, it contains components such as chlorine, bromine to have solved among the circuit board fire retardant, and halogen-containing plastics except producing the hydrogen halide of strong corrosivity in the burning, still can produce highly toxic substances such as dioxin, furans, cause serious pollution for the environment to and current scrubbing tower can not be well with tail gas and shower water contact, and the tail gas rises very fast hardly handles dust and the sharp gaseous problem of stinging in the tail gas.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that: a micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling solid wastes of electronic garbage comprises a first cracking kettle, a second cracking kettle, a hot blast stove, an ash residue collecting and conveying unit, a pyrolysis gas comprehensive treatment unit, an independent sorting unit, a tail gas treatment unit and a pressure difference transmitter, wherein the tail gas treatment unit comprises a washing tower, a UV photolysis deodorizer and a water storage tank, the top end part of the washing tower is communicated with one end part of the UV photolysis deodorizer through a gas pipeline, a spiral pipeline is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the washing tower, a spiral spray pipe is arranged inside the spiral pipeline, and a conical pipeline is fixedly connected to the bottom end part of the spiral spray pipe; the water storage tank is characterized in that a group of wedge-shaped clamping plates are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the inner wall of the water storage tank, a filter plate is slidably mounted on the inner sides of the wedge-shaped clamping plates, two groups of built-in grooves are symmetrically formed in the inner parts of the opposite sides of the wedge-shaped clamping plates, telescopic springs are fixedly connected to the bottom walls of inner cavities of the built-in grooves, and arc-shaped blocks are fixedly mounted at one end parts, far away from the built-in grooves, of the telescopic springs.

Further, the scrubbing tower is linked together through the bottom portion of the tail gas conveyer pipe of intercommunication on the outer wall and first pyrolysis kettle outer wall, fixedly connected with filling layer on the inner wall of scrubbing tower, fixedly connected with annular shower on the inner wall of scrubbing tower, tail gas after first pyrolysis kettle handles passes through the tail gas conveyer pipe and gets into the scrubbing tower, and after the filtration of filling layer, annular shower sprays dust and sulphur in the processing tail gas to tail gas.

Furthermore, the back surface of the water storage tank is fixedly connected with a liquid adding pump through a pipeline, and the pumping end of the liquid adding pump is communicated with a shunt pipeline, wherein one end part of the shunt pipeline, which is far away from the liquid adding pump, penetrates through the washing tower to be communicated with the spiral spray pipe, and the other end part of the shunt pipeline, which is far away from the liquid adding pump, penetrates through the washing tower to be communicated with the annular spray pipe; the scrubbing tower passes through the extraction end fixed connection of pipeline and suction pump, and the suction pump extraction end is linked together through the front of pipeline with the storage water tank, is equipped with the filter in the storage water tank and can filters the water purification that the suction pump took out from the scrubbing tower.

Further, the ash collecting and conveying unit comprises an ash storage tank and a screw conveyor, and pyrolysis ash can be collected in the ash storage tank in an effectively closed mode and transferred to an independent sorting chamber through the sealed conveyor to be separated from metal and ash.

Furthermore, the pyrolysis gas comprehensive treatment unit comprises a gas-liquid separation tank, a middle tank, a first condenser, a second condenser, a desulfurization and dechlorination tower, a Roots blower, a flame arrester and a waste gas storage tank, wherein waste gas generated by pyrolysis is subjected to coke residue removal, cooling, desulfurization and dechlorination through equipment to form organic combustible gas, and the organic combustible gas is stored by the storage tank and is supplied to a hot blast stove to be combusted as fuel.

Furthermore, the differential pressure transmitter is arranged between the pyrolysis gas output pipe of the first cracking kettle and the second cracking kettle and the gas-liquid separation tank, the differential pressure transmitter has the effective function of preventing tar contained in the pyrolysis gas of the cracking kettle from blocking the gas output pipe to cause safety accidents, and 0-20 mA output by the differential pressure transmitter is a standard signal which can be identified by the controller, so that the safety performance of the system is improved, and the system is in the best state in production and operation.

Furthermore, the hot blast stove is arranged between the pyrolysis gas output pipe of the second cracking kettle and the waste gas storage tank, the hot blast stove can utilize pyrolysis organic combustible gas (containing ethylene, methane, ethane, hydrogen sulfide and the like) stored in the waste gas storage tank as fuel to be combusted to generate high-temperature (about 650 ℃) hot air for heating the cracked substance by the cracking kettle, and the hot air is used as a medium and a carrier to greatly improve the heat utilization rate and the thermal working effect.

Furthermore, the independent sorting unit comprises an ash bin, a screening machine and an eddy current sorting machine, wherein an air seal machine is arranged between the ash bin and the screening machine, and the eddy current sorting machine is utilized to separate non-magnetic conductor metals (such as tin, copper, silver, gold and the like) contained in the ash from the mixture.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the utility model discloses a with first pyrolysis cauldron, second pyrolysis cauldron, hot-blast furnace, lime-ash collection and conveying unit, pyrolysis gas integrated processing unit, independent sorting unit and tail gas processing unit and pressure differential transmitter system constitution back, can utilize the pyrolysis cauldron of hot-blast heating to accomplish the effect of environmental protection, minimizing, innocent treatment with the solid useless through the technology of pyrolysis with electronic waste, still can retrieve the non ferrous metal that belongs to simultaneously; the problem of harmful gas and a large amount of solid useless cause serious pollution to the environment that produces in traditional fire method and the broken separation is solved, utilize pyrolysis technology not only can separate adnexed metal completely, the carbon sediment of handling can become the fuel energy burning moreover, can promote the useless processing admittedly of electron rubbish to this solid waste recovery of electron rubbish is with little negative pressure thermal cracking device's practicality has been improved.

2. The utility model has the advantages that the spiral pipeline is used for prolonging the ascending path of the tail gas and is matched with the spiral spraying pipe on the inner wall of the spiral pipeline, so that the tail gas can be fully contacted with spraying water and the dust and sulfur in the tail gas can be treated; in addition, be equipped with the filter in the storage water tank and can filter the water purification that the suction pump took out from the scrubbing tower, the expanding spring who is equipped with cooperatees with the arc piece and can carry out the centre gripping fixed to the filter is changed or is pulled down the washing.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a continuous thermal electrolytic treatment frame according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the washing tower of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional anatomical structure of a washing tower according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional internal structure of the water storage tank of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure at A;

wherein: 1. a first cracking kettle; 2. a second cracking kettle; 3. a hot blast stove; 4. an ash collection and conveying unit; 401. an ash storage tank; 402. a screw conveyor; 5. a pyrolysis gas comprehensive treatment unit; 501. a gas-liquid separation tank; 502. an intermediate tank; 503. a first condenser; 504. a second condenser; 505. a desulfurization and dechlorination tower; 506. a Roots blower; 507. a flame arrestor; 508. a waste gas storage tank; 6. an independent sorting unit; 601. ash bin; 602. a screening machine; 603. a vortex separator; 7. a tail gas treatment unit; 701. a washing tower; 702. a UV photolysis deodorizer; 703. a liquid adding pump; 704. a tail gas conveying pipe; 705. a gas conduit; 706. a diversion pipeline; 707. a water storage tank; 708. a water pump; 709. a filling layer; 710. an annular shower pipe; 711. a tapered conduit; 712. a helical conduit; 713. a spiral spray pipe; 714. a filter plate; 715. a wedge clamping plate; 716. a built-in groove; 717. a tension spring; 718. an arc-shaped block; 8. and a differential pressure transmitter.

Detailed Description

The above-described scheme is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The conditions used in the examples may be further adjusted according to specific conditions, and the conditions used in the experiments are not specifically mentioned.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling solid waste of electronic garbage comprises a first cracking kettle 1, a second cracking kettle 2, a hot-blast stove 3, an ash collecting and conveying unit 4, a pyrolysis gas comprehensive treatment unit 5, an independent separation unit 6, a tail gas treatment unit 7 and a pressure difference transmitter 8, wherein the ash collecting and conveying unit 4 comprises an ash storage tank 401 and a screw conveyer 402, the pyrolysis gas comprehensive treatment unit 5 comprises a gas-liquid separation tank 501, an intermediate tank 502, a first condenser 503, a second condenser 504, a desulfurization dechlorination tower 505, a roots blower 506, a flame arrester 507 and a waste gas storage tank 508, the pressure difference transmitter 8 is arranged between the pyrolysis gas output pipe and the gas-liquid separation tank 501 of the first cracking kettle 1 and the second cracking kettle 2, the hot-blast stove 3 is arranged between the pyrolysis gas output pipe and the waste gas storage tank 508 of the second cracking kettle 2, and the ash separation unit 6 comprises a storage bin 601, a first cracking kettle 2, a second cracking kettle 2, a pyrolysis gas output pipe and a waste gas storage tank 508, An air seal machine is arranged between the screening machine 602 and the vortex sorting machine 603, and between the ash bin 601 and the screening machine 602.

When the micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling the solid wastes of the electronic garbage operates, the crushed electronic wastes are conveyed into a first cracking kettle 1, a material is slowly pushed forwards by a spiral propeller in the kettle, the material starts to receive heat energy transferred by hot air in a jacket and is gradually heated and heated, when the material moves forwards, the pushing of the blade is not carried out on the material due to the fact that the distance of the blade is cut off on a pushing main shaft, the material stops moving forwards and is blocked, the material can only be pushed forwards by the extrusion of subsequent materials, and therefore the purpose of material sealing is achieved technically, and the temperature of the material from a feed inlet to the material sealing section is increased to about 200 ℃ from normal temperature; water in the material is heated and evaporated and is connected into a gas-liquid separation tower in the pyrolysis gas comprehensive treatment unit 5 through a connecting pipe (PCB fragments are unchanged); plastics in the electronic waste can be heated to be softened or form a molten adhesive body, the main shaft is continuously pushed, materials which can be cracked at lower temperature in the materials enter a cracking area to start cracking hydrocarbon gas (less than or equal to C5 components), the gases cannot flow back to a feed inlet to emit gas due to the effect of the front material seal, the gases directly pass through a connected pipeline to be treated by a pyrolysis gas comprehensive treatment unit 5, the important effect of the material seal is to isolate the external air from entering the rear thermal cracking area, and simultaneously isolate the external emission of harmful gases in the pyrolysis, so that the material seal plays a role in protecting the environment in a barrier and production, and the whole production environment is nontoxic and harmless; the materials which are pushed continuously enter the second cracking kettle 2 from the feed opening of the first cracking kettle 1, the materials are subjected to heat energy transferred by high-temperature hot air from the jacket in the second cracking kettle 2 and are gradually heated, cracked, dried and carbonized, the metal, the PCB substrate and the electronic waste base material plastic and the metal are changed into mixed ash, then the mixed ash flows into an ash storage tank 401 through the feed opening of the second cracking kettle 2, is conveyed to a sealed conveying belt through a spiral conveyor 402 in the ash collecting and conveying unit 4, and flows to an independent sorting unit 6 to be separated from the ash and metal. Waste gas generated by pyrolysis is separated by a gas-liquid separation tank 501 in the pyrolysis gas comprehensive treatment unit 5, so that condensed water and coke slag sink to enter an intermediate tank 502, the gas is cooled and stored in a waste gas storage tank 508 through desulfurization and dechlorination of a desulfurization and dechlorination tower 505, and the organic gas can be mixed and combusted by connecting a pipeline and a burner, thereby further solving the problem that the waste gas seriously pollutes the environment. And the hot air tail gas for heating the cracking kettle is subjected to tail gas environment-friendly treatment through a tail gas treatment unit 7 consisting of a washing tower 701 and a UV photolysis deodorizer 702, and is intensively discharged after reaching the standard.

As shown in fig. 3 to 6, the tail gas treatment unit 7 includes a washing tower 701, a UV photolysis deodorizer 702, and a water storage tank 707, wherein a top end portion of the washing tower 701 is communicated with one end portion of the UV photolysis deodorizer 702 through a gas pipeline 705, a spiral pipeline 712 is fixedly connected to an inner wall of the washing tower 701, a spiral shower pipe 713 is disposed inside the spiral pipeline 712, and a conical pipeline 711 is fixedly connected to a bottom end portion of the spiral shower pipe 713; a group of wedge-shaped clamping plates 715 are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the inner wall of the water storage tank 707, a filter plate 714 is slidably arranged on the inner side of the wedge-shaped clamping plate 715, two groups of built-in grooves 716 are symmetrically arranged in the opposite sides of the wedge-shaped clamping plate 715, the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the built-in grooves 716 is fixedly connected with a telescopic spring 717, an arc-shaped block 718 is fixedly arranged at one end part of the telescopic spring 717 far away from the built-in grooves 716, the washing tower 701 is communicated with the bottom end part of the outer wall of the first cracking kettle 1 through a tail gas conveying pipe 704 communicated with the outer wall, a filling layer 709 is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the washing tower 701, an annular spray pipe 710 is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the washing tower 701, the back surface of the water storage tank 707 is fixedly connected with the liquid adding pump 703 through a pipeline, the extraction end of the liquid adding pump 703 is communicated with a flow dividing pipeline 706, one end part of the flow dividing pipeline 706 far away from the liquid adding pump 703 passes through the washing tower 701 and is communicated with the spiral spray pipe 713, and the other end of the diversion pipe 706 away from the charge pump 703 passes through the scrubber 701 to communicate with the annular shower 710; the scrubber tower 701 is fixedly connected with the suction end of the water pump 708 through a pipeline, and the suction end of the water pump 708 is communicated with the front surface of the water storage tank 707 through a pipeline.

When the tail gas treated by the first cracking kettle 1 enters the washing tower 701 through the tail gas conveying pipe 704 and is filtered by the filling layer 709, the annular spraying pipe 710 sprays the tail gas to treat dust and sulfur in the tail gas; the tail gas after the primary treatment enters the spiral pipeline 712 through the conical pipeline 711, the ascending path of the tail gas can be prolonged and is matched with the spiral spraying pipe 713 on the inner wall of the tail gas, so that the tail gas can be fully contacted with spraying water and the dust and sulfur in the tail gas can be further treated; the treated tail gas enters the UV photolysis deodorizer 702 through a gas pipeline 705 for deodorization, and is discharged after reaching the standard.

The above is only a specific application example of the present invention, and does not constitute any limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. In addition to the above embodiments, other embodiments of the present invention are also possible. All the technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a solid waste recovery of electron rubbish is with little negative pressure thermal cracking device, includes first pyrolysis kettle (1), second pyrolysis kettle (2), hot-blast furnace (3), lime-ash are collected and conveying element (4), pyrolysis gas integrated processing unit (5), independently select separately unit (6), tail gas processing unit (7) and differential pressure transmitter (8), its characterized in that: the tail gas treatment unit (7) comprises a washing tower (701), a UV photolysis deodorizer (702) and a water storage tank (707), the top end part of the washing tower (701) is communicated with one end part of the UV photolysis deodorizer (702) through a gas pipeline (705), a spiral pipeline (712) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the washing tower (701), a spiral spray pipe (713) is arranged inside the spiral pipeline (712), and a conical pipeline (711) is fixedly connected to the bottom end part of the spiral spray pipe (713); the water storage tank is characterized in that a group of wedge-shaped clamping plates (715) are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the inner wall of the water storage tank (707), a filter plate (714) is slidably mounted on the inner side of each wedge-shaped clamping plate (715), two groups of built-in grooves (716) are symmetrically formed in the inner parts of the opposite sides of each wedge-shaped clamping plate (715), telescopic springs (717) are fixedly connected to the bottom walls of the inner cavities of the built-in grooves (716), and arc-shaped blocks (718) are fixedly mounted at one end parts, far away from the built-in grooves (716), of the telescopic springs (717).

2. The micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling the solid waste of the electronic waste according to claim 1, wherein the washing tower (701) is communicated with the bottom end of the outer wall of the first cracking kettle (1) through a tail gas conveying pipe (704) communicated with the outer wall, the inner wall of the washing tower (701) is fixedly connected with a filling layer (709), and the inner wall of the washing tower (701) is fixedly connected with an annular spraying pipe (710).

3. The micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling solid wastes of electronic wastes according to claim 2, wherein the back surface of the water storage tank (707) is fixedly connected with the liquid feeding pump (703) through a pipeline, and the pumping end of the liquid feeding pump (703) is communicated with a branch pipeline (706), wherein one end part of the branch pipeline (706) far away from the liquid feeding pump (703) passes through the washing tower (701) to be communicated with the spiral spraying pipe (713), and the other end part of the branch pipeline (706) far away from the liquid feeding pump (703) passes through the washing tower (701) to be communicated with the annular spraying pipe (710); the washing tower (701) is fixedly connected with the pumping end of the water pump (708) through a pipeline, and the pumping end of the water pump (708) is communicated with the front surface of the water storage tank (707) through a pipeline.

4. The micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling the solid wastes of the electronic wastes according to claim 1, wherein the ash collecting and conveying unit (4) comprises an ash storage tank (401) and a screw conveyor (402).

5. The micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling electronic garbage solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis gas comprehensive treatment unit (5) comprises a gas-liquid separation tank (501), an intermediate tank (502), a first condenser (503), a second condenser (504), a desulfurization and dechlorination tower (505), a roots blower (506), a flame arrester (507) and a waste gas storage tank (508).

6. The micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling solid waste of electronic garbage according to claim 5, wherein the pressure difference transmitter (8) is arranged between the pyrolysis gas output pipe of the first cracking kettle (1) and the second cracking kettle (2) and the gas-liquid separation tank (501).

7. The micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling solid waste of electronic garbage according to claim 5, wherein the hot blast stove (3) is arranged between the pyrolysis gas output pipe of the second cracking kettle (2) and the waste gas storage tank (508).

8. The micro-negative pressure thermal cracking device for recycling solid waste of electronic waste according to claim 1, wherein the independent sorting unit (6) comprises an ash bin (601), a screening machine (602) and a vortex sorting machine (603), and an air seal is arranged between the ash bin (601) and the screening machine (602).

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