CN214916484U

CN214916484U - Novel biomass fuel smashes device

Info

Publication number: CN214916484U
Application number: CN202120678293.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王铭; 杨哲; 杨天学; 王志康; 曾广能; 朱四喜
Original assignee: Guizhou Minzu University
Current assignee: Guizhou Minzu University
Priority date: 2021-04-02
Filing date: 2021-04-02
Publication date: 2021-11-30
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-02

Abstract

The utility model provides a novel biomass fuel reducing mechanism, includes broken case, smashes the case, screens case and dust collector, and broken case below intercommunication is smashed the case, smashes the case below and is equipped with the screening case, and screening incasement is installed sieve and bobbing machine, can carry out the fine screen to the graininess living beings after smashing under its combined action, and the dust collector who links to each other with broken case, crushing case, screening case carries out wet dust removal through the combined action of extraction fan and shower head to the dust that produces crushing in-process. The utility model relates to a rationally, the practicality is strong, can carry out the fine screen to the graininess living beings after smashing and obtain qualified product, still can prevent to block up to be equipped with the dust removal, prevented that the dust from flying upward polluted environment and producing harm to the health of site work personnel.

Description

Novel biomass fuel smashes device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of reducing mechanism, especially, relate to a novel biomass fuel reducing mechanism.

Background

Biomass refers to various organisms produced by photosynthesis using the atmosphere, water, land, and the like, i.e., all living and growing organic substances, including all plants, microorganisms, animals whose food is plants and microorganisms, and wastes produced therefrom.

In recent years, with the large-scale development and utilization of fossil energy, the resource reserves are gradually exhausted, and meanwhile, serious environmental pollution is caused, so that new energy sources are urgently needed to be searched for and replaced. Biomass energy is an important component of renewable energy, and among various renewable energy sources, nuclear energy and large-scale hydropower have potential ecological environment risks, and regional resource restrictions such as wind energy, geothermal energy and the like restrict and question the vigorous development, while the biomass energy is accepted by people by the characteristics of universality, richness, renewability and the like. The uniqueness of biomass lies in that the biomass can store solar energy and also can be converted into conventional solid, liquid and gaseous fuels by using a renewable carbon source, and energy sources such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like are substantially converted from biomass energy. Therefore, the development and utilization of biomass resources are attracting more and more attention of governments and scholars at home and abroad. The efficient development and utilization of biomass resources play a very positive role in solving the problems of energy and ecological environment.

When biomass resources are used, it is necessary to pulverize biomass and then use it for energy generation. However, in the prior art, the conventional crushing device generates more dust in the process of crushing biomass, which will affect the environment and bring harm to the health of field workers. After crushing, the conventional equipment usually does not perform screening or the screening does not reach the standard, is inconvenient for subsequent treatment, and also has the problem of easy blockage during screening.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model overcomes prior art's is not enough, provides a novel biomass fuel smashes device.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

a novel biomass fuel crushing device comprises a crushing box, a screening box and a dust removal device;

a feed hopper and a first discharge port are arranged on a feed inlet of the crushing box, a discharge guide plate is arranged on the first discharge port, and the first discharge port is communicated with the crushing box;

the crushing box is internally arc-shaped, the external part of the crushing box is square, the crushing box is connected with the upper part of the crushing box, and a leakage hole is formed in the lower part of the crushing box and leads to the screening box;

the screening box comprises a screen plate, the screen plate is obliquely arranged on the crushing box, an opening is formed in one side of the screen plate for discharging, a leak hole is formed in the screen plate, and the screening box is located below the crushing box;

the dust removal device comprises three communicating pipes, one end of each of the three communicating pipes is divided into three passages, each passage is connected with one side of each of the crushing box, the crushing box and the screening box, the connection positions are connected with one side of each of the crushing box, the crushing box and the screening box, each connection position is provided with a filter plate, the other end of each connection position converges in one passage, is provided with an exhaust fan and is connected with the filter plate in a separated mode, a pipe hoop is arranged at the lower end of each connection position to be connected with a drain pipe, each drain pipe is provided with a spray head, and the spray heads are connected with water pipes; and the dust removal device is connected with the crushing box, the crushing box and the vibrating screen.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two sets of mutually staggered crushing tooth assemblies are installed in the crushing box, the two ends of each crushing tooth assembly are installed in the crushing box through the crushing tooth installation bearing seats, one set of crushing tooth assembly one end is equipped with the driving gear, the other set of crushing tooth assembly one end is equipped with the driven gear, the meshing transmission is performed between the driving gear and the driven gear, and the driving gear is connected with the output end of the first motor.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first material guiding plate and a second material guiding plate are fixedly mounted on the inner walls of the two sides of the crushing box, and the first material guiding plate and the second material guiding plate are both arranged in an arc.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the roller is installed to the rotation of the inside of the crushing box, a plurality of crushing blades are evenly arranged on the roller, and the output end of the second motor is connected to one end of the roller.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the box body of the screening box is connected to the crushing box, one side of the crushing box is provided with a vibrating machine, the vibrating machine is connected to the screen plate, the first discharge port of the other side of the crushing box is connected to the first guide plate, and the first collecting box is placed on the first guide plate.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sieve plate is provided with a tilt baffle, the tilt direction of the tilt baffle is opposite to the tilt direction of the sieve plate, the second discharge hole is formed on the side opposite to the opening above the sieve plate, the second discharge hole is connected to the second guide plate, and the second collection box is arranged below the second guide plate.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oscillating direction of the screen plate is the same as the tilting direction.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first material guiding plate and the second material guiding plate of the screening box are hermetically connected to the box body, and the first material guiding plate and the second material guiding plate are provided with pipe hoops, and the pipe hoops are connected to the soft cloth.

Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drainage pipe and the dirt containing barrel are made of plastic material.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drainage pipe extends into the dirt holding barrel, and the smaller gap is reserved at the connecting position of the dirt holding barrel and the drainage pipe.

The utility model provides a defect that exists among the background art, the utility model discloses possess following beneficial effect:

(1) broken case is through starting first motor work, and first motor drives corresponding pivot and rotates, and the transmission is under the effect of drive gear, the mutual meshing of driven gear for two broken teeth rotate simultaneously, carry out broken work to biomass raw materials. Meanwhile, the rotating speed of the first motor is low, so that splashing can be avoided when the biomass is broken. After being crushed, the crushing box can enhance the working efficiency of the crushing box and reduce the abrasion to the crushing blades.

(2) Granular biomass which is crushed and completed falls onto the sieve plate through the leak hole, the granular biomass is sieved again through the sieve plate oscillation, so that the use requirement is met, the particles which meet the requirement after screening slide out rapidly along the inclined direction of the sieve plate under the oscillation action, are discharged from the first discharge port and are collected in the first collection box, and the blockage at the screening box is avoided.

(3) Under the screening filter effect of sieve, the living beings that the granule is small see through the sieve and fall to the baffle on, arrange and collect in the second collecting box from the second discharge gate, utilize two guide plates to block the dust, the prevention and cure is a small amount of dust coming out after the ejection of compact and is diffused in the air that floats, the granule of collecting in the first collecting box is qualified product, the granule of collecting in the second collecting box is nonconforming product, can be used for compressing the pelletization with nonconforming granule collection of second collecting box internal disqualification.

(4) The dust removal device can exhaust air through the exhaust fan and absorb dust generated in the biomass crushing process through the communicating pipe, and dust is reduced through spraying. The biomass crushing process can produce more dust, this has great influence to the environment undoubtedly, through setting up dust collector, at biomass crusher in-process, the suction fan inhales through convulsions and inhales the leading-in blow off pipe of dust with producing, the spray set that sets up in the blow off pipe begins work, carries out wet-type dust fall to the dust, three routes simultaneously all are equipped with the filter with the junction of broken case, crushing case, shale shaker, prevent that large granule living beings from getting into dust collector.

(5) The sewage discharge pipe and the sewage containing barrel are made of plastic materials, so that the sewage can be prevented from rusting through water spraying. Dust collector can absorb the dust that living beings crushing produced when rubbing crusher constructs work, has prevented that the dust from flying upward the polluted environment and causing harm to the health of field work personnel.

Drawings

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of the apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-way communication pipe;

FIG. 3 shows a partial structural schematic of the crushing assembly;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a portion of the shredder assembly;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the crushing box and the crushing assembly box;

in the figure:

1. a feed inlet; 2. a crushing box; 3. a crushing box; 4. a crushing tooth assembly; 5. a drive gear; 6. a driven gear; 7. a first motor; 8. a roll shaft; 9. a crushing blade; 10. a second motor; 11. screening the box; 12. a sieve plate; 13. a vibrator; 14. a first baffle; 15. a first discharge port; 16. a first collection tank; 17. a baffle plate; 18. a second baffle; 19. a second discharge port; 20. a second collection tank; 21. three communicating pipes; 22. an exhaust fan; 23. a blow-off pipe; 24. a shower head; 25. a shower head water pipe interface; 26. a dirt containing barrel, 27, a first material guide plate, 28, a second material guide plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, wherein the drawings are simplified schematic drawings, and only the basic structure of the present invention is schematically illustrated, so that only the components related to the present invention are shown, and it is to be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

Fig. 1 shows an overall configuration diagram of the apparatus.

The utility model provides a novel biomass crushing device, which comprises a crushing box 2, two groups of crushing tooth components 4 which are arranged in a mutually staggered way are rotatably arranged in the crushing box 2, one end of one group of crushing tooth components is provided with a driving gear 5, one end of the other group of crushing tooth components is provided with a driven gear 6, the driving gear 5 is connected with the output end of a first motor 7 arranged at one side outside the crushing box 2, a crushing box 3 is connected with the lower part of the crushing box 2, a roller shaft 8 is rotatably arranged inside the crushing box 3, a plurality of crushing blades 9 are evenly arranged on the roller shaft 8, one end of the roller shaft 8 extends out of the box body and is connected with the output end of a second motor 10 arranged at one side of the crushing box 3, a screening box 11 is connected with the lower part of the crushing box 3, the screening box 11 comprises a screen plate 12 and a vibrator 13, the screening box 11 is connected with a first guide plate 14, a first discharge hole 15 is arranged below the first guide plate 14, a first collecting box 16 is arranged below the first discharge hole 15, a baffle 17 is arranged below the sieve plate 12, the baffle 17 is externally connected with a second guide plate 18, a second discharge hole 19 is arranged below the second guide plate 18, and a second collecting box 20 is arranged below the second discharge hole 19.

The dust removing device is respectively connected with the crushing box 2, the crushing box 3 and the screening box 11 through three communicating pipes 21 and converged in a channel, an extraction fan 22 is arranged in the channel and is communicated with a drain pipe 23 through the extraction fan 22, a spray header 24 is arranged in the drain pipe 23, a spray header water pipe interface 25 is leaked outside, and the drain pipe 23 is finally communicated with a dirt containing barrel 26. The dust removal device can exhaust air through the exhaust fan and absorb dust generated in the biomass crushing process through the communicating pipe, and dust is reduced through spraying. The biomass crushing process can produce more dust, this has great influence to the environment undoubtedly, through setting up dust collector, at biomass crusher in-process, the suction fan inhales through convulsions and inhales the leading-in blow off pipe of dust with producing, the spray set that sets up in the blow off pipe begins work, carries out wet-type dust fall to the dust, three routes simultaneously all are equipped with the filter with the junction of broken case, crushing case, shale shaker, prevent that large granule living beings from getting into dust collector.

The inner walls of the two sides of the crushing box are fixedly provided with a first material guide plate 27 and a second material guide plate 28, and the first material guide plate 27 and the second material guide plate 28 are arranged in an arc shape. The first and

second guide plates

27 and 28 are arranged in circular arcs, so that the crushed aggregates are not left in the box body when entering the next flow, and the box body always keeps a stable operation state. The sewage discharge pipe 23 extends into the sewage containing barrel 26, and a small gap is reserved at the joint of the sewage containing barrel 23 and the sewage discharge pipe 23. The joint of the dirt containing barrel 23 and the dirt discharge pipe 23 is reserved with a small gap, so that the dirt containing barrel can be taken out conveniently in the cleaning process, and the dirt does not spill out of the dirt containing barrel 26 when the dirt in the dirt discharge pipe 23 is sprayed.

It should be noted that, when in use, one side of the crushing box 2 is fixedly provided with a control switch and an external power line, the first motor 7, the second motor 10, the vibrator 13, the exhaust fan 22, the control switch and the external power line are electrically connected in sequence to form a closed loop, the control switch can respectively control the start and stop of the first motor 7, the second motor 10, the vibrator 13 and the exhaust fan 22, when biomass is crushed, the first motor 7, the second motor 10, the vibrator 13 and the exhaust fan 22 are started to work, biomass raw materials are put into the crushing box 2 from the feeding hole 1, the first motor 7 drives the corresponding driving gear 5 to rotate, the driving gear 5 drives the driven gear 6 to rotate, under the transmission effect of two mutual toothings of broken tooth subassembly 4 for two broken tooth subassemblies 4 rotate simultaneously, and two turning directions of broken tooth subassembly 4 are opposite, carry out the breakage to the living beings. Broken case 2 is through starting first motor work, and first motor drives corresponding pivot and rotates, and the transmission is under the effect of drive gear 5, 6 mutual meshing of driven gear for two broken teeth rotate simultaneously, carry out broken work to biomass raw materials. Meanwhile, the rotating speed of the first motor is low, so that splashing can be avoided when the biomass is broken. After being crushed, the crushing box can enhance the working efficiency of the crushing box and reduce the abrasion to the crushing blades.

It should be noted that, the crushed biomass falls into the crushing box 3, the second motor 10 drives the corresponding roller shaft 8 to rotate, the crushed biomass is crushed by the crushing blade 9 on the roller shaft 8, so that the crushed biomass is crushed into smaller and more uniform particles, the crushed granular biomass falls into the screening box 11, the screen plate 12 performs fine screening on the crushed granular biomass under the action of the vibrator 13, the qualified biomass particles slide into the first guide plate 14 rapidly along the inclined direction of the screen plate 12 due to the oscillation of the vibrator 13 and the inclination of the screen plate 12, fall into the first collection box 16 through the first guide plate 14 to the first discharge port 15, the biomass with small particle size falls onto the baffle plate 17 through the screen plate 12, then enters the second guide plate 18 along the inclined direction of the baffle plate 17, and is discharged from the second discharge port 19, and collect in second collecting box 20, utilize two guide plates to block the dust, prevent that a small amount of dust that comes out after the ejection of compact from diffusing to float and diffusing in the air, the granule of collecting in first collecting box 16 is qualified product, and the granule of collecting in second collecting box 20 is nonconforming product, can be used for compressing the pelletization with nonconforming granule collection in second collecting box 20. Granular biomass which is crushed and completed falls onto the sieve plate through the leak hole, the granular biomass is sieved again through the sieve plate 12 in an oscillating mode so as to meet the use requirement, and particles which meet the requirement after screening slide out rapidly along the inclined direction of the sieve plate 12 in an oscillating mode and are discharged from the first discharge port and collected in the first collection box, so that blockage at the screening box is avoided. Under the screening filter action of sieve 12, the living beings that the granule is small permeate through the sieve and fall to the baffle on, arrange and collect in the second collecting box from the second discharge gate, utilize two guide plates to block the dust, the prevention and cure is a small amount of dust coming out after the ejection of compact and is diffused in the air that floats, the granule of collecting in the first collecting box is qualified product, the granule of collecting in the second collecting box is nonconforming product, can be used for compressing the pelletization with nonconforming granule collection of second collecting box internal disqualification.

The first material guide plate 27 and the second material guide plate 28 of the screening box are hermetically connected with the box body, and the first material guide plate 27 and the second material guide plate 28 are provided with pipe hoops which are connected with soft cloth. The pipe hoop is arranged to keep a stable state when the crushed material crushing box enters the crushing box and the crushed material crushing box enters the screening box in the crushing and crushing processes, so that the first material guide plate 27 and the second material guide plate 28 cannot be loosened due to impact, and the soft cloth is used for increasing the friction force between the first material guide plate 27 and the pipe hoop and between the second material guide plate 28 and the pipe hoop.

It should be noted that, when biomass is pulverized, the dust removing device is started, the dust removing device is respectively connected with the crushing box 2, the crushing box 3 and the screening box 11 through the three-way communicating pipe 21 and converged in a channel, the suction fan 22 is installed in the channel, dust generated in the pulverizing process is discharged from the crushing box 2, the crushing box 3 and the screening box 11 through the suction of the suction fan 22, the extracted dust is led to the drain pipe 23 and is connected with the water pipe through the water pipe connector 25 of the shower head, the dust in the drain pipe is subjected to wet settling through water mist sprayed out by the shower head 24, and the generated sewage finally flows to the dirt containing barrel 26 through the drain pipe 23. And after the crushing work is finished, stopping the first motor 7, the second motor 10, the vibrating machine 13 and the exhaust fan 22, and closing the spray header to supply water. The use of plastic materials for the sewage pipe 23 and the sewage bucket 26 can prevent rusting through water spraying. Dust collector can absorb the dust that living beings crushing produced when rubbing crusher constructs work, has prevented that the dust from flying upward the polluted environment and causing harm to the health of field work personnel. The three-way communicating pipe 21 of the dust removing device is internally provided with the filter plate, when dust in the processes of extraction, crushing and crushing is generated, only debris according with the size of particles can enter the three-way communicating pipe 21 through the filter plate, and therefore large particles are prevented from entering the three-way communicating pipe 21 and damaging an internal suction fan or blocking the three-way communicating pipe 21.

To sum up, broken case is through starting first motor work, and first motor drives corresponding pivot and rotates, and the transmission is under the effect of drive gear, the mutual meshing of driven gear for two broken teeth rotate simultaneously, carry out broken work to biomass raw materials. Meanwhile, the rotating speed of the first motor is low, so that splashing can be avoided when the biomass is broken. After being crushed, the crushing box can enhance the working efficiency of the crushing box and reduce the abrasion to the crushing blades. Granular biomass which is crushed and completed falls onto the sieve plate through the leak hole, the granular biomass is sieved again through the sieve plate oscillation, so that the use requirement is met, the particles which meet the requirement after screening slide out rapidly along the inclined direction of the sieve plate under the oscillation action, are discharged from the first discharge port and are collected in the first collection box, and the blockage at the screening box is avoided. Under the screening filter effect of sieve, the living beings that the granule is small see through the sieve and fall to the baffle on, arrange and collect in the second collecting box from the second discharge gate, utilize two guide plates to block the dust, the prevention and cure is a small amount of dust coming out after the ejection of compact and is diffused in the air that floats, the granule of collecting in the first collecting box is qualified product, the granule of collecting in the second collecting box is nonconforming product, can be used for compressing the pelletization with nonconforming granule collection of second collecting box internal disqualification. The dust removal device draws air through the suction fan and absorbs dust generated in the biomass crushing process through the communicating pipe, and dust is reduced through spraying. The biomass crushing process can produce more dust, this has great influence to the environment undoubtedly, through setting up dust collector, at biomass crusher in-process, the suction fan inhales through convulsions and inhales the leading-in blow off pipe of dust with producing, the spray set that sets up in the blow off pipe begins work, carries out wet-type dust fall to the dust, three routes simultaneously all are equipped with the filter with the junction of broken case, crushing case, shale shaker, prevent that large granule living beings from getting into dust collector. The sewage discharge pipe and the sewage containing barrel are made of plastic materials, so that the sewage can be prevented from rusting through water spraying. Dust collector can absorb the dust that living beings crushing produced when rubbing crusher constructs work, has prevented that the dust from flying upward the polluted environment and causing harm to the health of field work personnel.

In light of the foregoing, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and the technology must be determined in accordance with the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A novel biomass fuel crushing device is characterized by comprising a crushing box, a screening box and a dust removal device;

2. The novel biomass fuel crushing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein two sets of crushing tooth assemblies are installed in the crushing box and are staggered with each other, two ends of each crushing tooth assembly are arranged in the crushing box through a crushing tooth installation bearing seat, one end of one set of crushing tooth assembly is provided with a driving gear, one end of the other set of crushing tooth assembly is provided with a driven gear, the driving gear and the driven gear are in meshing transmission, and the driving gear is connected with the output end of the first motor.

3. The novel biomass fuel crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a first guide plate and a second guide plate are fixedly mounted on inner walls of two sides of the crushing box, and are arranged in an arc shape.

4. The novel biomass fuel crushing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a roller shaft is rotatably installed inside the crushing box, a plurality of crushing blades are uniformly arranged on the roller shaft, and one end of the roller shaft is connected with the output end of the second motor.

5. The novel biomass fuel crushing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the box body of the sieving box is connected with the crushing box, one side of the sieving box is provided with a vibrator which is connected with the sieve plate, the first discharge port on the other side of the sieving box is connected with a first guide plate, and the first guide plate is used for placing the first collecting box.

6. The novel biomass fuel crushing device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the sieve plate is provided with an inclined baffle plate, the inclined direction of the inclined baffle plate is opposite to the inclined direction of the sieve plate, a second discharge hole is formed in the side, opposite to the opening, above the sieve plate, the second discharge hole is connected with a second guide plate, and a second collecting box is arranged below the second guide plate.

7. The novel biomass fuel crushing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sieve plate oscillation direction is the same as the inclination direction.

8. The novel biomass fuel crushing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first guide plate and the second guide plate of the screening box are hermetically connected with the box body, and the first guide plate and the second guide plate are provided with pipe hoops which are connected with soft cloth.

9. The novel biomass fuel crushing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sewage discharge pipe and the sewage containing barrel are both made of plastic.

10. The novel biomass fuel crushing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sewage discharge pipe extends into a sewage containing barrel, and a small gap is reserved at the joint of the sewage containing barrel and the sewage discharge pipe.