CN214898875U - Broadband microstrip plane reflection unit and array antenna with air layer added - Google Patents
Broadband microstrip plane reflection unit and array antenna with air layer added Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a broadband microstrip plane reflection unit and array antenna with an air layer, which comprises a microstrip phase shift unit, a dielectric substrate, an air layer and a metal floor, which are coaxially arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the microstrip phase shift unit comprises an inner layer resonance unit, a first layer of open resonance ring, a second layer of open resonance ring and a third layer of open resonance ring which are concentrically arranged from inside to outside in sequence; the inner layer resonance unit comprises two sectors with opening angles theta 1; the first, second and third layers of opening resonance rings respectively comprise two first, second and third arcs; the central angles of the first arc and the second arc are equal to theta 1; and the central angle of the third circular arc is theta 3, then theta 3 is larger than theta 1. The phase change range of each microstrip reflection unit can break through the limit of 360 degrees by arranging the microstrip phase shift unit and the air layer, and further exceeds 700 degrees. The air layer is arranged, so that the phase change curve of the broadband micro-strip plane reflection unit is more gentle, and the broadband of the reflection array can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a microwave and antenna technology field, especially a broadband microstrip plane reflection unit and array antenna who increases the air bed.
Background
For most radar and telecommunication systems, there is an increasing demand for high gain antennas, of which parabolic antennas and array antennas play an important role. The traditional parabolic antenna has the advantages of high gain, strong directivity and wide working frequency band, but has large volume, heavy weight and high processing difficulty; for a high-gain array antenna, the requirement of large-angle beam electric scanning can be met by depending on the regulation and control of a feed network, but the feed network of the array antenna is complex, the manufacturing cost is very high, and the appearance is huge and heavy. These disadvantages severely limit the application of these two conventional high gain antennas in radar and telecommunications systems. Under the background, the planar reflection array antenna has come into use, adopts the same feeding mode as the parabolic antenna and has the planar structure of the array antenna, and has the advantages of small weight, small volume, simple processing, low cost, various performances and the like, so that the planar reflection array antenna has wide application prospect.
However, the narrow bandwidth is a prominent problem of the planar reflective array antenna, and for the medium and small sized antennas, the narrow bandwidth of the reflective unit is a main factor limiting the overall bandwidth of the antenna.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is not enough to above-mentioned prior art, and provide a broadband microstrip plane reflection unit and array antenna who increases the air bed, this broadband microstrip plane reflection unit and array antenna who increases the air bed pass through the setting that the microstrip shifted phase unit and air bed, enable the phase place variation scope of every microstrip reflection unit and break through 360 restriction, and then exceed 700. The air layer is arranged, so that the phase change curve of the broadband micro-strip plane reflection unit is more gentle, and the broadband of the reflection array can be greatly improved.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is:
a broadband microstrip plane reflection unit for increasing an air layer comprises a microstrip phase shift unit, a dielectric substrate, an air layer and a metal floor which are coaxially arranged from top to bottom in sequence.
The microstrip phase shift unit comprises an inner layer resonance unit, a first layer of open-ended resonance ring, a second layer of open-ended resonance ring and a third layer of open-ended resonance ring which are concentrically arranged from inside to outside in sequence.
The dielectric substrate is a square plate, and the center of the dielectric substrate is assumed to be O1Passing point O1And the axes parallel to the two side edges of the medium substrate are respectively an x axis and a y axis.
The inner layer resonance unit includes a point O1Two sectors which are taken as the circle centers and are symmetrical about the x axis, and the opening angle of each sector is theta1。
The first layer of split ring resonators include a point O1Two first circular arcs which are circle centers and are symmetrical about the x axis.
The second layer of split ring resonators include a point O1Two second circular arcs which are circle centers and are symmetrical about the x axis.
The third layer of open resonator rings comprises all points O1Two third circular arcs which are circle centers and are symmetrical about the x axis.
The central angles of the first circular arc and the second circular arc are equal to theta1。
The central angle of the third arc is theta3Then theta3>θ1。
θ3＝θ1+2×θ2Wherein theta2Is the central angle corresponding to the circumferential arc between the third arc end and the first arc end.
The widths of the first arc, the second arc and the third arc are w respectively1、w2And w3Then w is1>w2＝w3。
The dielectric substrate has a thickness of 1.524mm and a dielectric constant of 3.55.
The thickness of the air layer is 3 mm.
A broadband microstrip plane reflection array antenna for increasing an air layer comprises a feed source and a reflection array surface; the feed source points to the right center O of the reflection array surface and is used for carrying out space feeding on the reflection array surface.
The reflection front is formed by arranging the broadband microstrip plane reflection unit in an n x n array according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein n is more than or equal to 2.
The period P of each broadband microstrip plane reflection unit is 0.5 times of the wavelength of the central frequency of the incident wave.
The feed source is in a pyramid horn shape, and the feed mode of the feed source is forward feed.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. the reflection unit simple structure that this application provided adopts four resonant structure, and simple effectual increase reflection phase place's variation range has broken through traditional microstrip reflection unit phase place variation range and has been difficult to reach 360 restriction. By varying only the variable theta1(θ3With theta1But varies), a range of reflected phase variations in excess of 700 deg. can be achieved.
2. Because the reflection phase can exceed 700 degrees, the maximum gain can reach 23.7dBi within the range of 8.5-11.5GHz, the gain bandwidth of-3 dB can reach 31 percent, and the bandwidth is obviously widened.
3. The smoothness and better linearity of a phase change curve can be easily realized by adding an air layer and an internal resonance unit between the dielectric substrate and the metal floor and optimizing a plurality of degrees of freedom of each layer of the perforated resonance ring, and engineering realization is easy.
4. The phase change curves of different frequencies are kept parallel in a larger frequency range, and the bandwidth of the microstrip reflective array antenna is effectively improved.
5. The feed source adopts the form of pyramid loudspeaker, can carry out forward feed to the reflection array face.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a broadband microstrip planar reflection unit with an air layer added according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section of a broadband microstrip planar reflection unit of the present invention with an air layer added.
Fig. 3 shows the reflection phase variation curve of the broadband microstrip planar reflection unit of the present application at 8.5GHz-11.5 GHz.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of the middle reflection front of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural model diagram of the broadband microstrip planar reflective array antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows an E-plane radiation pattern of the broadband microstrip planar reflective array antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows a gain curve of the broadband microstrip planar reflective array antenna of the present invention.
Among them are:
10. a microstrip phase shift unit;
101. a sector shape; 102. a first arc; 103. a second arc; 104. a third arc;
20. a dielectric substrate; 30. an air layer; 40. a metal floor; 50. a reflection array surface; 60. a feed source.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, "first", "second" and the like do not indicate the degree of importance of the component parts, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions used in the present embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail by taking the working frequency band of the reflection front as the X band and the central frequency of the incident wave as 10GHz as an example.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a broadband microstrip planar reflective array antenna with an air layer added includes a feed 60 and a reflective front 50.
The feed source points to the right center O of the reflection array surface and is used for carrying out space feeding on the reflection array surface. The feed source is preferably in a pyramid horn shape, and the feed mode of the feed source is preferably forward feed. The distance from the phase center of the horn of the feed source to the reflecting surface is preferably 130 mm.
The reflection array surface comprises a plurality of broadband microstrip plane reflection units arranged in an n × n array, wherein n is more than or equal to 2, preferably n is 12, and 144 broadband microstrip plane reflection units are arranged.
Further, the side length of the reflection front is preferably 180mm, and thus the focal length ratio F/D is determined to be about 0.7. After the arrangement, the aperture efficiency of the reflecting surface can reach the maximum under the condition that the array edge level is kept to be less than-10 dB.
Assuming that the plane where the reflection array surface is located is an xOy plane, the horizontal direction passing through the center O of the positive center is taken as the x direction, and the vertical direction passing through the center O of the positive center is taken as the y direction, a connecting line of the feed source and the center O of the reflection array surface is taken as a z axis, and the feed source is located in the + z direction. In addition, since the positive feed mode is adopted, the reflected beam is directed to the + z direction, and the polarization direction of the array is linear polarization in the y direction.
The periods P of the broadband microstrip planar reflection units in the reflection wavefront (i.e. the side length D of the broadband microstrip planar reflection unit in fig. 4) are preferably 0.5 times of the central frequency wavelength of the incident wave.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a broadband microstrip planar reflection unit with an increased air layer, also called a broadband microstrip planar reflection unit, includes a microstrip phase shift unit 10, a dielectric substrate 20, an air layer 30 and a metal floor 40, which are coaxially arranged from top to bottom.
The dielectric substrate preferably has a single-layer dielectric structure, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is preferably 1.524mm, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is preferably 3.55. The dielectric substrate is a square plate, and the center of the dielectric substrate is assumed to be O1Passing point O1And the axes parallel to the two side edges of the medium substrate are respectively an x axis and a y axis.
The thickness of the air layer is 3mm, the phase change curve of the broadband micro-strip plane reflection unit can be more gentle due to the arrangement of the air layer, and the broadband of the reflection array can be greatly improved.
The microstrip phase shift unit is printed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate and comprises an inner layer resonance unit, a first layer of open resonance ring, a second layer of open resonance ring and a third layer of open resonance ring which are concentrically arranged from inside to outside.
The inner layer resonance unit includes a point O1Two sectors 101 which are symmetric about the x-axis and have an opening angle theta1Radius r1。
The first layer of split ring resonators include a point O1Two first arcs 102 centered on the center and symmetric about the x-axis.
The second layer of split ring resonators include a point O1Two second circular arcs 103 centered on the center and symmetric about the x-axis.
The third layer of open resonator rings comprises all points O1Two third circular arcs 104 centered on the center and symmetric about the x-axis.
The widths of the first arc, the second arc and the third arc are w respectively1、w2And w3Then w is1>w2＝w3(ii) a In the present embodiment, the specific dimension is preferably w1＝1mm，w2＝w3＝0.5mm。
The radiuses of the first arc, the second arc and the third arc are r respectively2、r3And r4The specific size is preferably r2＝3.5mm，r3＝5mm，r4＝6.5mm。
The central angles of the first circular arc and the second circular arc are equal to theta1The central angle of the third arc is theta3Then theta3>θ1Further, θ3＝θ1+2×θ2Wherein theta2Is the central angle corresponding to the circumferential arc between the third arc end and the first arc end.
Theta as above2Angle of fixation, theta1Is a variable, θ3With theta1A change is made. Theta1The value of (2) is determined according to the distance between the feed source and the broadband microstrip plane reflection unit, the position of the broadband microstrip plane reflection unit on the reflection array surface and the beam direction. By adjusting theta1And theta3And then adjusting the reflection phase of each broadband microstrip planar reflection unit, so that the variation range of the reflection phase exceeds 700 degrees.
The preferred setting parameters of each broadband microstrip planar reflection unit in this embodiment are shown in the table: (dimension unit: mm, angle unit: degree)
| p | 15 | h | 1.524 |
| w1 | 1 | r1 | 2 |
| w2 | 0.5 | r2 | 3.5 |
| w3 | 0.5 | r3 | 5 |
| r4 | 6.5 | θ2 | 15° |
| |
60°：1°：170° | θ3 | θ1+2×θ2 |
Theta in ith broadband microstrip plane reflection unit in the reflection array surface1The calculation method of (3) comprises the following steps.
Then, all the obtained reflection phase data and corresponding set angles are comparedLinear fitting is carried out on the degree points to obtain theta1Versus phase change curve.
As shown in FIG. 3, a reflection phase variation graph of the broadband microstrip reflective array unit at 8.5GHz-11.5GHz is shown. As can be seen from FIG. 3, when the first arc length and the fan center angle vary, i.e., θ1And theta3When the phase value of the broadband microstrip reflective array unit changes, the phase value of the broadband microstrip reflective array unit also changes. At a center frequency of 10GHz when theta1When the phase value of the microstrip reflective array unit is increased from 60 degrees to 170 degrees, the phase value of the microstrip reflective array unit is changed from-52 degrees to-743 degrees, and the total phase change range is about 700 degrees. The limitation that the reflection phase change of the traditional microstrip unit is less than 360 degrees is broken through, and meanwhile, the phase change curve is smooth, the linearity is good, the slope is small, and the requirement on processing precision is low. The variation ranges of the reflection phase curves of the units of 8.5GHz-11.5GHz are all larger than 360 degrees, the linearity is good, all the curves are approximately kept parallel, and the design requirements of the broadband reflection array unit are met.
in the formula (1), (x)i,yi) The x-direction and y-direction coordinates of the ith broadband microstrip reflective array unit in the reflective array surface are shown, wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n2；k0Is the propagation constant of electromagnetic waves in vacuum, RiIs the Euclidean distance between the feed source and the ith broadband microstrip reflection array unit, (theta)0,φ0) For directing the reflected beam of the reflected wavefront, theta0Angle between the direction of the finger-reflected beam and the Z-axis0The finger reflected beam is directed at an angle to the x-direction.
When reflected perpendicularly, theta0＝0，φ0Is any number. The complete form of the formula is:
the inside of the small brackets is actually a vector-operated form and is represented by a rectangular coordinate system.
The distance between each broadband microstrip reflection array unit in the reflection array surface and the feed source is different, so that the required compensation phases at different positions in the reflection array surface are different, namely the opening angles of the inner layer circular arc or the outer layer circular arc in each broadband microstrip reflection array unit are different, and spherical waves emitted by the feed source form plane waves after being reflected by the reflection array surface.
Fig. 6 shows the E-plane radiation pattern of the broadband reflectarray antenna of the present application, and it can be seen that: the directional diagrams corresponding to 9GHz, 10GHz and 11GHz have good coincidence ratio of the main lobe, and the electric average of the side lobe is less than-15 dBi.
Fig. 7 is a gain curve of the broadband reflection array antenna of the present invention, in the range of 8-12GHz, the maximum gain can reach 23.7dBi, the-3 dB gain bandwidth can reach 31%, and the bandwidth is obviously widened. The whole antenna has good radiation characteristics, simple structure, easy realization and higher application value.
The above detailed description describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and the technical idea of the present invention can be within the scope of the present invention to perform various equivalent transformations, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an increase broadband microstrip plane reflection unit of air bed which characterized in that: the micro-strip phase shifting unit comprises a micro-strip phase shifting unit, a dielectric substrate, an air layer and a metal floor which are coaxially arranged from top to bottom in sequence;
the microstrip phase shift unit comprises an inner layer resonance unit, a first layer of open resonance ring, a second layer of open resonance ring and a third layer of open resonance ring which are concentrically arranged from inside to outside in sequence;
the dielectric substrate is a square plate, and the center of the dielectric substrate is assumed to be O1Passing point O1And the axes parallel to the two side edges of the medium substrate are respectively an x axis and a y axis;
the inner layer resonance unit includes a point O1Two sectors which are taken as the circle centers and are symmetrical about the x axis, and the opening angle of each sector is theta1；
The first layer of split ring resonators include a point O1Two first arcs which are circle centers and are symmetrical about the x axis;
the second layer of split ring resonators include a point O1Two second circular arcs which are the circle centers and are symmetrical about the x axis;
the third layer of open resonator rings comprises all points O1Two third arcs which are the circle centers and are symmetrical about the x axis;
the central angles of the first circular arc and the second circular arc are equal to theta1；
The central angle of the third arc is theta3Then theta3>θ1。
2. The broadband microstrip plane reflection unit of claim 1, wherein: theta3=θ1+2×θ2Wherein theta2Is the central angle corresponding to the circumferential arc between the third arc end and the first arc end.
3. The broadband microstrip plane reflection unit of claim 1, wherein: the widths of the first arc, the second arc and the third arc are w respectively1、w2And w3Then ѡ1 > w2=w3。
4. The broadband microstrip plane reflection unit of claim 1, wherein: the dielectric substrate has a thickness of 1.524mm and a dielectric constant of 3.55.
5. The broadband microstrip plane reflection unit of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the air layer is 3 mm.
6. The utility model provides an increase broadband microstrip plane reflection array antenna of air bed which characterized in that: the device comprises a feed source and a reflection array surface; the feed source points to the positive center O of the reflection array surface and is used for carrying out space feed on the reflection array surface;
a reflection front is represented by n of the broadband microstrip planar reflection unit of any one of claims 1 to 5
n is formed by array arrangement, wherein n is more than or equal to 2.
7. The broadband microstrip planar reflection array antenna with an added air layer according to claim 6, wherein: the period P of each broadband microstrip plane reflection unit is 0.5 times of the wavelength of the central frequency of the incident wave.
8. The broadband microstrip planar reflection array antenna with an added air layer according to claim 6, wherein: the feed source is in a pyramid horn shape, and the feed mode of the feed source is forward feed.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117117519A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-11-24 | 南京罗朗微太电子科技有限公司 | Broadband optical transparent reflective array antenna based on mixed medium and heterogeneous unit and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117117519A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-11-24 | 南京罗朗微太电子科技有限公司 | Broadband optical transparent reflective array antenna based on mixed medium and heterogeneous unit and preparation method thereof |
| CN117117519B (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2024-04-12 | 南京罗朗微太电子科技有限公司 | Broadband optical transparent reflective array antenna based on mixed medium and heterogeneous unit and preparation method thereof |
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