CN214897605U

CN214897605U - Resonance structure and silencer composed of same

Info

Publication number: CN214897605U
Application number: CN202120721302.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 干灵锋; 张晓杰; 张芳
Original assignee: Zheng Sheng Environmental Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zheng Sheng Environmental Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-09
Filing date: 2021-04-09
Publication date: 2021-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-09

Abstract

The invention provides a resonance structure and a silencer composed of the resonance structure, wherein the resonance structure comprises peripheral sealing plates, internal side type resonance plates and two side surface resonance plates, the internal side type resonance plates are at least one group, and the setting direction of the internal side type resonance plates is consistent with the sound transmission direction; the two-side surface resonance plate consists of a micropore sound absorption plate, and/or a panel, and/or a perforated plate. The silencer comprising the resonance structure can greatly improve the silencing effect of low frequency and high frequency and widen the silencing frequency band while ensuring that the medium-frequency silencing effect meets the requirement; resistive sound absorption materials can be filled in the resonance structure according to requirements so as to further improve high-frequency and medium-frequency sound elimination effects; in addition, the applicability of different noise elimination frequencies can be improved by adjusting the internal structure of the resonance structure.

Description

Resonance structure and silencer composed of same

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of silencers, and particularly relates to a resonance structure with good full-frequency silencing effect, particularly good low-frequency and high-frequency effects and wide silencing frequency band and a silencer composed of the resonance structure.

Background

In the prior art, common muffling devices can be roughly classified into resistive mufflers, impedance composite mufflers and the like according to different muffling principles and structures of the common muffling devices, wherein the resistive mufflers are most applied to practical engineering ventilation and noise reduction systems, and the resistive mufflers have the advantages of good medium-frequency muffling performance and wide medium-frequency muffling frequency band. The resistive muffler is generally divided into a matrix muffler and a sheet muffler according to different structures, the main structure of the resistive muffler is a metal orifice plate, resistive sound-absorbing materials such as glass wool and the like are filled in the orifice plate, and the muffling principle is that sound energy is converted into heat energy due to friction and dissipated when sound waves are transmitted in the resistive sound-absorbing materials, so that the purpose of muffling is achieved.

The installation of the resistive muffler is very common in the application of practical engineering, the resistive muffler achieves the purpose of muffling by filling fiber porous sound-absorbing materials such as glass wool and the like in an outer orifice plate at present, because of the sound absorption characteristic of good high-frequency sound absorption performance in resistive materials such as porous sound absorption materials and the like, the typical sound attenuation characteristic of the silencer is good medium-frequency sound attenuation performance, but is limited by the characteristic of small low-frequency sound absorption of the resistive sound absorption material, the low-frequency noise elimination performance of the resistive muffler is weaker and is far lower than the medium-frequency noise elimination quantity, although the low-frequency performance can be increased to a certain extent by increasing the length of the silencer and increasing the thickness of the sheet to reduce the through-flow rate, the improvement effect is not obvious, the economic cost is higher, the resistance coefficient of the silencer is larger, in actual use, for noise sources with prominent low frequencies, the noise reduction of the existing resistive muffler is difficult to meet the requirements. In addition, the damping performance of the resistive silencer can be obviously reduced at higher frequency, and the high-frequency damping performance is poor. Therefore, the existing resistive muffler has the conditions of insufficient low-frequency and high-frequency muffling and excessive medium-frequency muffling in the actual use process.

Reactive mufflers utilize the change of the muffler structure to realize the muffling and noise reduction, but for the muffling of lower frequencies, the mufflers need larger volume, and the muffling frequency band of the mufflers is narrower, and the mufflers can only reduce noise of certain specific frequencies, so the application of the reactive mufflers in practical use is greatly limited.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a resonance structure which has good low-frequency and high-frequency silencing effects, meets the requirements on medium-frequency silencing effect and has wide silencing frequency band and a silencer composed of the resonance structure.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a resonance structure comprises a peripheral sealing plate, an internal side type resonance plate and two side surface resonance plates; the two-side surface resonance plate consists of a micropore sound absorption plate, and/or a panel, and/or a perforated plate.

The internal side type resonance plates are at least one group, each group at least comprises two internal side type resonance plates, the internal side type resonance plates are arranged in parallel, and the arrangement direction is consistent with the sound transmission direction; three sides of each internal side type resonance plate are connected with the peripheral sealing plates and form a closed structure together with the peripheral sealing plates, and the other side of each internal side type resonance plate is not connected with the peripheral sealing plates, so that an opening resonance structure is formed in the resonance structure.

Optionally, the inner side type resonance plate may be disposed at the left side of the resonance structure, may also be disposed at the right side of the resonance structure, or may be disposed at both the left side and the right side; the length of the inner side type resonance plate at the left and/or right side and the width of the cavity may be the same or different.

Further, the inner side type resonance plate is a hard plate; the hard plate of the internal side type resonance plate may be a metal plate, a wood plate, a plastic plate or other hard plates.

The length of the inner side resonator plate is L1, the length of the inner side resonator plate is L1 with an upper limit of 4m, preferably 3m, 2m, 1m, 0.5m, 0.2m, the length of the inner side resonator plate is L1 with a lower limit of 0.1m, preferably 0.2m, 0.4m, 0.6m, 0.8m, 1m, 1.5m, 2m, the length of the inner side resonator plate L1 determines the resonance frequency, i.e., L1 corresponds to n/4 wavelength of the resonance frequency, L1= λ n/4, where λ is wavelength, n is odd number, λ = c ⁄ f, where c is the propagation velocity of the sound wave in the air, and f is the resonance frequency at about 340m/s under the conditions of normal atmospheric pressure and 15 ℃, and thus, the resonance frequency corresponding to the inner side resonator plate L1 is: f = c × n/(4 × L1), and when n =1, corresponds to the lowest resonance muffling frequency of the structure.

For example, when the inner side type resonator plate L1=0.5m, the lowest resonance frequency is f = c/(4 × L1) =340/(0.5 × 4) = 170Hz, and this structure has a noise cancellation peak near a low frequency of 170 Hz.

Between parallel arrangement's the inside lateral resonance board, form the cavity, the width of cavity is d1, the width d1 upper limit of cavity is 400mm, preferably 300mm, 250mm, 200mm, 150mm, 100mm, the width d1 lower limit of cavity is 10mm, preferably 20mm, 40mm, 80mm, 100mm, 150mm, 200mm, the width of cavity decides the size that resonant frequency corresponds the noise elimination peak value, and d1 is bigger, and the noise elimination peak value is bigger.

Furthermore, the micro-hole sound absorption plates and/or the panels and/or the perforated plates in the two side surface resonance plates are spliced and connected to form the two side surface resonance plates.

Further, the microporous sound absorption plate can be a particle sound absorption plate, a microporous plate, a foamed aluminum plate or other microporous structure plate, and a microporous structure is arranged in the microporous sound absorption plate.

Further, the panel is a hard plate; the hard board of the panel can be a metal plate, a wood plate, a plastic plate or other hard boards.

The length of the microporous sound absorbing sheet is L2, the upper limit of the length L2 of the microporous sound absorbing sheet is 4m, preferably 3m, 2m, 1m, 0.5m and 0.2m, and the lower limit of the length L1 of the microporous sound absorbing sheet is 0.1m, preferably 0.2m, 0.4m, 0.6m, 0.8m, 1m, 1.5m and 2 m. The length L2 of the surface micropore sound absorption plate determines the resonance frequency of low frequency, the smaller the L2 size is, the lower the corresponding resonance frequency is, the better the low frequency noise elimination performance is, but the medium and high frequency noise elimination performance is slightly reduced, on the contrary, the larger the L2 size is, the higher the resonance frequency is, the lower the low frequency noise elimination performance is, but the medium and high frequency noise elimination performance is better, and when the L2 size is the largest, the whole outer surface is covered.

Optionally, the inner sides of the two side surface resonator plates are filled with resistive sound absorption materials, and the upper limit of the width d2 of the resistive sound absorption materials is 200mm, more preferably 150mm, or 100mm, or 50 mm; the lower limit of the width d2 of the resistive sound absorbing material is 5mm, more preferably 10mm, or 20mm, or 50 mm. The width d2 of different resistive sound absorption materials corresponds different sound absorption effects and can be adjusted as required.

By designing L1, L2, d1 and d2 which are matched with each other, a specific noise elimination structure aiming at noises with different frequencies can be obtained.

The invention also provides another technical scheme, which specifically comprises the following steps: a silencer, the silencer comprises the resonance structure, and the resonance structure can be one or more sections; when the resonant structure is a plurality of sections, the plurality of sections of resonant structures are connected in sequence, and the resonant structures of the sections may be the same or different. When the multiple sections of resonance structures are connected in sequence, the noise elimination effect can be further adjusted and improved.

Further, the resonance structure is two, three or four sections.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, the internal side type resonance plate of the present invention is different from the vibration plate in the prior art such as CN2020106263650 or the sound absorption material filled outside the resonance plate such as CN201320705567X, etc. the vibration plate of the present invention has only one side contacting and fixed with the sealing plate, and the vibration plate of the present invention uses the vibration of the vibration plate to assist in sound attenuation, and the resonance plate of the present invention is not connected with the surrounding sealing plates, etc., but three sides of the internal side type resonance plate of the present invention contact and fixed with the sealing plates, and further uses the closed cavity formed between one group of resonance plates or between multiple groups of resonance plates to realize sound attenuation, when the sound wave is incident, the low frequency sound wave length is longer, and the vibration is diffracted into the cavity to consume its energy, so the performance of low frequency noise reduction is better, of course, the structure and effect are different from the sound absorption pipes with different lengths in the prior art such as CN2019109046376, and further, the installation direction of the internal side type resonance plate of the present invention is the same as the sound propagation direction. Secondly, the internal side type resonance plate is further combined with the surface resonance plate, the advantages of high low-frequency noise elimination peak value and narrow noise elimination frequency band of the resonance structure formed by the internal side type resonance plate and the advantages of wide low-frequency noise elimination frequency band and relatively low peak value of the resonance structure formed by the surface resonance plate are fully exerted, the advantages of the two resonance structures are considered, better low-frequency noise elimination performance is realized, the effect obviously superior to the two structures is obtained, and the synergistic effect is obvious. Third, although the prior art CN2018209915067 discloses a sound-damping unit, which uses a surface perforated plate or a combination of a surface perforated plate and a face plate to achieve a certain effect, the present invention further improves the design of an inner duct structure and does not use an inner side type sound damping plate. In the prior art, a technical scheme that an internal side type resonance plate, two side surface resonance plates and a resistive sound absorption material are combined together is not provided, and a technical hint that the combined low-frequency, medium-frequency and high-frequency sound absorption effect is good is not provided.

Overall, compared to the prior art, the following advantages are provided:

1) compared with the existing resistive ventilation silencer, the resonance structure can effectively improve the low-frequency and high-frequency silencing performance, particularly has better low-frequency and high-frequency performance, and widens the silencing frequency band; compared with a resonance structure consisting of a single internal side type resonance plate and a resonance structure consisting of a surface resonance plate, the low-frequency, medium-frequency and high-frequency noise elimination performance is better.

2) Through optionally filling resistive sound absorbing material in the resonance structure, high frequency and medium frequency noise elimination effect can also be further promoted.

3) For different noise sources, through the design of the internal structure of the silencer, such as adjusting the number of groups of resonance structures in the silencer, or using resonance structures of different structures in the same silencer, or adjusting and matching the length L1 of an internal side type resonance plate in the resonance structure, the length L2 of a micropore sound absorption plate, the width d1 of a cavity, the width d2 of a resistive sound absorption material and the like, the different silencing requirements are subjected to customized design, the use in different scenes is met, and the applicability of the silencer is greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a resonant structure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a resonant structure two (top view);

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the filling of a resistive sound absorbing material in a resonant structure (with the inner side-type resonator plate on the left side);

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the filling of resistive sound absorbing material in a resonant structure (with the inner side resonator plate on the right);

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a muffler 1 composed of a three-stage resonance structure;

fig. 6 shows the test results of the muffler 1 composed of the three-stage resonant structure.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a muffler 2 composed of a three-stage resonant structure;

fig. 8 shows the test results of the muffler 2 composed of the three-stage resonant structure.

In the figure: 1-peripheral sealing plate, 2-internal side type resonance plate, 3-micropore sound absorption plate, 4-panel, 5-resistive sound absorption material and 6-perforated plate.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-2, a resonance structure comprises a peripheral sealing plate 1, an inner side type resonance plate 2, a surface resonance plate comprising a micro-porous sound-absorbing plate 3 and a face plate 4, wherein the length of the inner side type resonance plate is L1, the length of the micro-porous sound-absorbing plate is L2, and the width between the two inner side type resonance plates is d 1; the length L1 of the internal side type sound board is different from the length L2 of the micropore sound absorption board, wherein the length of L1 in fig. 1 is longer, the length of L2 in fig. 2 is longer, and through adjusting L1, L2 and d1, different noise elimination requirements can be customized and designed, the use of different scenes is met, the applicability of the silencer is greatly improved, wherein the frequency is influenced by L1 and L2, and the peak value is influenced by d 1.

As shown in fig. 3 to 4, further including a resistive sound absorbing material 5 disposed in the resonance structure, the filling of the resistive sound absorbing material between the inner-side type resonance plate and the both-side surface resonance plate can further improve the sound deadening amount of the full frequency band. In this embodiment, the resistive sound absorbing material 5 is specifically disposed on the inner side of the surface resonator plate, the width of the resistive sound absorbing material 5 is d2, and d2 is the distance between the inner side resonator plate and the surface resonator plate, and in practical application, the d2 may be adjusted according to an actual sound attenuation requirement, especially an intermediate frequency sound attenuation requirement. The internal side type resonance plate may be provided at both the left and right sides, and in addition, a plurality of internal side type resonance plates may be provided inside the resonance structure to increase the amount of noise reduction of low frequencies.

As shown in fig. 5, the muffler is formed by sequentially connecting three sections of resonance structures, the first two sections of resonance structures have similar specific structures and respectively include a group of peripheral sealing plates 1, internal side-type resonance plates 2 and two side surface resonance plates, wherein the two side surface resonance plates are a micro-pore sound absorbing plate 3 and a surface perforated plate 6, the internal side-type resonance plate 2 is arranged in the third section of resonance structure, the surface resonance plates are perforated plates 6, and resistive sound absorbing materials 5 are filled in the resonance structures.

The material of inside side formula resonance board is the steel sheet, and the material of shrouding all around is the steel sheet, and the micropore acoustic baffle material in two sections preceding resonance structures is the particle acoustic baffle, and the panel is the metal orifice plate, and the material of the perforated plate of third section is the metal orifice plate, and the material of resistive sound absorbing material is the glass cotton.

The length of the resonance plate is set to be different so as to widen the low-frequency silencing frequency band, the length of the silencer is 3m, the length of each section of resonance structure is 1m, and the flow rate of the silencer is 50%; wherein the length L1 of the internal side type resonance plate in the first section of resonance structure is 0.6m, the length L2 of the micropore sound absorption plate is 0.4m, the length of the surface pore plate is 0.6m, the width d1 of the cavity is 150mm, and the width d2 of the resistive sound absorption material is 25 mm; in the second section of resonance structure, the length L1 of the internal side type resonance plate is 0.4m, the length L2 of the micropore sound absorption plate is 0.6m, the length of the surface pore plate is 0.4m, the width d1 of the cavity is 100mm, and the width d2 of the resistive sound absorption material is 50 mm; in the third-stage resonance structure, the length L1 of the inner side-type resonance plate is 0.4m, the width d1 of the cavity is 50mm, the width d2 of the resistive sound absorption material is 75mm, the perforation rate of the perforated plates on the two sides is 25%, and the aperture is 3 mm.

Fig. 6 shows comparison data of laboratory test results of the above muffler of the present invention with a sheet muffler in the prior art, in which a main body structure of the muffler is a surface metal orifice plate, and a glass wool resistive sound absorbing material is filled in the orifice plate, under the same test conditions. According to the test results, the muffling performance of the muffler is obviously improved below the low frequency of 200Hz, the lifting amount is basically about 4dB, the lifting amount of the novel muffler is obvious in a high-frequency range, and the reduction of the muffling amount of the muffler in certain intermediate frequency bands does not influence the actual use, even more accords with the actual requirement, because the existing resistive muffler has excessive muffling amount in the intermediate frequency.

As shown in fig. 7, the muffler is formed by sequentially connecting three sections of resonance structures, the first two sections of resonance structures have similar specific structures and respectively include a group of peripheral sealing plates 1, internal side-type resonance plates 2 and two side-surface resonance plates, wherein the two side-surface resonance plates are microporous sound-absorbing plates 3, the third section of resonance structure is provided with two groups of internal side-type resonance plates 2, the surface resonance plates are perforated plates 6, and resistive sound-absorbing materials 5 are filled in the resonance structures.

The material of inside side formula resonance board is the steel sheet, and the material of shrouding all around is the steel sheet, and the micropore acoustic baffle material in the preceding two sections resonance structure is the particle acoustic baffle, and the material of the perforated plate of third section is the metal orifice plate, and the material of resistive sound absorbing material is the glass cotton.

The length of the resonance plate is set to be different so as to widen the low-frequency silencing frequency band, the length of the silencer is 3m, the length of each section of resonance structure is 1m, and the flow rate of the silencer is 50%; wherein the length L1 of the internal side type resonance plate in the first section of resonance structure is 0.6m, the length L2 of the micropore sound absorption plate is 1m, the width d1 of the cavity is 150mm, and the width d2 of the resistive sound absorption material is 25 mm; in the second section of resonance structure, the length L1 of the internal side type resonance plate is 0.4m, the length L2 of the micropore sound absorption plate is 1m, the width d1 of the cavity is 150mm, and the width d2 of the resistive sound absorption material is 25 mm; in the third-stage resonance structure, the length L1 of the internal side-type resonance plate is 0.5m, the length L1' is 0.28m, the width d1 of the cavity is 100mm, the width d2 of the resistive sound absorption material is 50mm, the perforation rate of the perforated plates on the two sides is 25%, and the aperture is 3 mm.

Fig. 8 shows comparison data of laboratory test results of the above muffler of the present invention with a sheet muffler in the prior art, in which a main body structure of the muffler is a surface metal orifice plate, and a resistive sound absorbing material of glass wool is filled in the orifice plate, under the same test conditions. According to the test results, the muffling performance of the muffler is obviously improved below low frequency 250Hz, the lifting amount is basically over 5dB, certain low frequencies reach 10dB, and the novel muffler is improved in a high-frequency range.

In conclusion, compared with the original sheet type silencer, the silencer provided by the invention obviously improves the silencing performance of low frequency and high frequency, widens the silencing frequency band, and has obvious advantages compared with the prior art. In addition, a muffler formed by combining an internal side type resonance plate to form an internal side type resonance structure and a surface resonance plate to form a surface resonance structure, particularly, by combining different forms, has a wider low frequency sound attenuation band, a larger sound attenuation amount, and a better high frequency sound attenuation performance than when the internal side type resonance structure or the surface resonance structure is used alone.

Claims

1. A resonance structure is characterized by comprising a peripheral sealing plate, an internal side type resonance plate and two side surface resonance plates; the two side surface resonance plates consist of a micropore sound absorption plate, and/or a panel, and/or a perforated plate; the internal side type resonance plates are at least one group, each group comprises two internal side type resonance plates which are arranged in parallel, and the arrangement direction is consistent with the sound transmission direction; wherein, inside side formula resonance board length is L1, the length of micropore sound-absorbing board is L2, form the cavity between parallel arrangement's the inside side formula resonance board, the width of cavity is d 1.

2. The resonator structure of claim 1, wherein the inner side resonator plate is connected to the peripheral sealing plate at three sides thereof to form a closed structure together with the peripheral sealing plate, and the inner side resonator plate is not connected to the peripheral sealing plate at the other side thereof to form an open resonator structure in the resonator structure.

3. The resonator structure of claim 2, wherein the inner-side resonator plate is one of a metal plate, a wood plate, a plastic plate, and a cement plate.

4. A resonant structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the internal side resonator plate length L1 has an upper limit of 4m and the cavity width d1 has an upper limit of 400 mm.

5. A resonant structure according to claim 1, wherein the cellular acoustic panel, and/or the faceplate, and/or the perforated plate of the two-sided surface resonator plate are joined together to form the two-sided surface resonator plate.

6. A resonant structure according to claim 5, wherein the cellular acoustic panel is one of a particulate acoustic panel, a microperforated panel, and an aluminum foam panel, and the cellular acoustic panel has a cellular structure therein.

7. A resonant structure according to claim 6, wherein the length L2 of the cellular acoustic panel has an upper limit of 4 m.

8. A resonant structure according to claim 1, wherein the panel is one of a metal plate, a wood plate and a plastic plate.

9. A resonant structure according to claim 1, wherein the perforated plate is one of a metal perforated plate, a wood perforated plate and a gypsum perforated plate.

10. A resonant structure according to claim 9, wherein the perforated sheet has a perforation rate of greater than 15% and a pore diameter of greater than 1 mm.

11. A resonant structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or 5 to 10, wherein the inner sides of the two side surface resonator plates are filled with resistive sound absorbing material having a width d 2.

12. A resonant structure according to claim 11, wherein the resistive sound absorbing material has a width d2 of 200mm or less.

13. A resonant structure according to any of claims 1-3,5-10, wherein the internal side resonator plate is arranged on the left side of the resonant structure, or on the right side of the resonant structure, or on both the left and right sides.

14. A resonant structure according to claim 13, wherein the length L1 of the inner side type resonator plate on the left and/or right side and the width d1 of the cavity are the same or different.

15. A muffler including a resonant structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the resonant structure may be in one or more sections; when the resonance structure is multi-section, the multi-section resonance structure is connected in sequence; the resonance structures of the sections are the same or different.

16. A muffler according to claim 15, wherein the resonant structure is two, three or four sections.