CN214854215U

CN214854215U - Vertical walnut drying device

Info

Publication number: CN214854215U
Application number: CN202120725260.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李建林
Original assignee: Dongfanghong Group Hubei Grain Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Dongfanghong Group Hubei Grain Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-09
Filing date: 2021-04-09
Publication date: 2021-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-09

Abstract

The utility model provides a vertical walnut drying device, which comprises a vertical drying chamber and a hot air system, wherein the hot air system comprises a heat pump, one side of the heat pump is provided with a blower, the heat pump is used for heating air flowing through the blower, the blower is provided with a hot air outlet, and the hot air outlet is communicated with a hot air inlet pipe; the hot air system also comprises a solar machine and a water mixing tank, and the solar machine is communicated with the heat pump through the water mixing tank. The electric energy is adopted to drive the hot air system to work, the vertical drying cabin is not required to be heated by burning fuel, and the environmental pollution is reduced; the solar energy machine is arranged to absorb solar energy to heat the conduction medium and assist the heat pump to heat air, so that the energy is saved, and the heat conversion efficiency is high; the hot air in the vertical drying cabin is discharged, moisture is filtered, the hot air carries heat to flow back to the air inlet of the air feeder again, the heat pump does not need to start heating from cold air, and the energy consumption of the heat pump is reduced.

Description

Vertical walnut drying device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the walnut is dried and specifically relates to a vertical walnut drying device is related to.

Background

The walnut industry plays a significant role in national economic development in China, and drying plays an important role in the processes of processing, storing and transporting the picked walnuts. The walnut drying equipment which is generally adopted at present is difficult to meet the requirements of the existing yield and quality.

After the green husks of the fresh walnuts are removed, the water content reaches 40-50%. If the walnut is not dried in time, the walnut is easy to mildew and rot, the quality of the walnut is greatly reduced, and economic loss is caused. The traditional walnut drying mode mainly adopts open-air natural airing, the airing time is long, the temperature difference is large in the daytime and at night, the appearance of walnuts is influenced, the color of walnut kernels is changed accordingly, the surface layer of the walnut kernels is changed from light yellow to dark brown, and the quality of the walnuts is seriously influenced. The existing walnut drying equipment such as a disc type dryer, a drum type dryer, a deep bed type dryer, a belt type dryer and the like are not suitable for walnut drying characteristics or can not realize continuous operation, and a large amount of labor investment is needed. The walnut drying technology in developed countries abroad is expensive in equipment price and high in walnut variety selectivity, and is not suitable for popularization in China at present. With the increase of walnut planting area and yield in China and the rapid increase of labor cost, the traditional airing and drying modes can not meet the requirement of walnut commercialization far away.

The walnut automatic drying needs to use an air heater, for medium and large-sized walnut automatic drying equipment, the matched air heater is dozens of kilowatts, and the energy consumption is self-evident, in the prior art, the CN 207351185U refers to a structure recorded in a tower type drying machine with a solar ceiling, the scheme hopes to generate electricity through a solar cell panel at the top to supplement the electricity consumption of the air heater, but the walnut drying has certain requirements on the external objective environment, namely the water content in the air is as low as possible, so that the common walnut drying equipment is suitable to be placed indoors, the sunshine duration of the solar cell panel in the scheme is determined to be limited, the effect is not ideal, in addition, the scheme adopts a mode of converting solar energy into electric energy and then into heat energy, the energy loss can be caused in the conversion process, and the final heat efficiency is not high.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a vertical walnut drying device has solved that traditional walnut drying equipment energy consumption is big, problem that drying efficiency is low.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts is: a vertical walnut drying device comprises a vertical drying chamber and a hot air system, wherein the hot air system comprises a heat pump, one side of the heat pump is provided with a blower, the heat pump is used for heating air flowing through the blower, the blower is provided with a hot air outlet, and the hot air outlet is communicated with a hot air inlet pipe;

the hot air system also comprises a solar machine and a water mixing tank, and the solar machine is communicated with the heat pump through the water mixing tank.

In a preferable scheme, a hot water area and a cold water area are arranged in the water mixing tank, an electric heating device is arranged in the hot water area, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger are arranged in the heat pump, the first heat exchanger is used for heating air in the air blower, two circulation ports of the second heat exchanger are respectively communicated with the hot water area and the cold water area to form a first loop, a first circulation pump is communicated in the first loop, the other two circulation ports of the second heat exchanger are communicated with the first heat exchanger to form a second loop, and a compressor is arranged in the second loop.

In the preferable scheme, a solar heater and a third heat exchanger are arranged in the solar machine, two circulation ports of the third heat exchanger are communicated with the solar heater to form a third loop, the other two circulation ports of the third heat exchanger are respectively communicated with a hot water area and a cold water area to form a fourth loop, and a second circulation pump is arranged in the fourth loop.

In the preferred scheme, the outer wall of the vertical drying cabin is provided with a plurality of exhaust hoods along the height direction and an exhaust pipeline, each exhaust hood is communicated with the exhaust pipeline, and a moisture exhaust machine is arranged in the exhaust pipeline.

In the preferred scheme, the air feeder is further provided with an air inlet, the exhaust pipeline is communicated with the air inlet, and a condenser and a dryer are sequentially communicated between the exhaust pipeline and the air inlet.

In the preferred scheme, a warm water area is arranged between the hot water area and the cold water area, two circulating ports of the condenser are respectively connected with the warm water area and the cold water area to form a fifth loop, and a third circulating pump is arranged in the fifth loop.

In a preferred scheme, the lower end of the condenser is provided with a condensed water outlet, the hot air system further comprises a recovery water tank and a drainage pump, and the condensed water outlet is communicated with the recovery water tank through the drainage pump.

In a preferred scheme, a first temperature zone is arranged in the vertical drying cabin, a hot air inlet pipe penetrates through the outer wall of the vertical drying cabin to be communicated with the first temperature zone, a second temperature zone is arranged above the first temperature zone, a third temperature zone is arranged below the first temperature zone, and temperature sensors are arranged in the first temperature zone, the second temperature zone and the third temperature zone.

In the preferred scheme, a plurality of moisture meters are arranged in the first temperature zone, the second temperature zone and the third temperature zone, each moisture meter comprises an outer protective cylinder connected with the inner wall of the vertical drying bin, a slidable baffle is arranged at the upper end of each outer protective cylinder, an inner cylinder is arranged in each outer protective cylinder, a supporting plate capable of being opened is arranged at the lower end of each inner cylinder, and a weighing device is arranged between each inner cylinder and each outer protective cylinder.

In the preferred scheme, the lower end of the vertical drying bin is provided with a discharge port;

the upper end of the vertical drying bin is provided with a bin cover, and the bin cover is provided with a feeding hole.

The utility model has the advantages that: the electric energy is adopted to drive the hot air system to work, the vertical drying cabin is not required to be heated by burning fuel, and the environmental pollution is reduced; the solar energy machine is arranged to absorb solar energy to heat the conduction medium and assist the heat pump to heat air, so that the energy is saved, and the heat conversion efficiency is high; hot air in the vertical drying bin is discharged, moisture is filtered, and heat is carried to flow back to an air inlet of the air feeder again, so that the heat pump does not need to start heating from cold air, and the energy consumption of the heat pump is reduced; the vertical drying bin is internally provided with a plurality of temperature zones, the temperature zones are internally provided with devices such as temperature sensors, walnut moisture meters and the like, so that the walnut drying environment and progress can be intelligently monitored, the moisture content of walnuts can be effectively controlled, and the preservation time can be prolonged while the freshness of walnuts is kept.

Drawings

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the feeding and discharging device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a connection diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a connection diagram of the hot air system of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a moisture meter according to the present invention.

In the figure: a vertical drying chamber 1; a slideway 101; a hot air inlet pipe 102; a discharge opening 103; a first temperature zone 104; a second temperature zone 105; a third temperature zone 106; an exhaust hood 107; an exhaust line 108; a moisture removal machine 109; an air inlet cylinder 2; a hot air system 3; a heat pump 301; a blower 302; a solar machine 303; a water mixing tank 304; a condenser 305; a recovery water tank 306; a first circulation pump 307; a second circulation pump 308; a third circulation pump 309; a drain pump 310; an air inlet 311; a hot air outlet 312; a condensed water outlet 313; a first heat exchanger 314; a second heat exchanger 315; a solar heater 316; a third heat exchanger 317; a hot water zone 318; a warm water zone 319; a cold water region 320; a dryer 321; a bin cover 4; a feed inlet 401; lifting the feeding device 5; a feed hopper 501; a conveying device 502; a feedstock outlet 503; a moisture meter 6; an outer casing 601; a baffle 602; an inner barrel 603; a pallet 604; a slide rail 605; a weigher 606; an electrical pushrod 607; a connecting plate 608; a conveyor 7.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-6, a vertical walnut drying device comprises a vertical drying chamber 1 and a hot air system 3, wherein the hot air system 3 comprises a heat pump 301, a blower 302 is arranged on one side of the heat pump 301, the heat pump 301 is used for heating air flowing through the blower 302, the blower 302 is provided with an air inlet 311 and a hot air outlet 312, the hot air outlet 312 is communicated with a hot air inlet pipe 102, the air is firstly heated by the heat pump 301 when entering, and then is sent into the vertical drying chamber 1 from the hot air outlet 312 through the hot air inlet pipe 102;

the hot air system 3 further comprises a solar machine 303 and a water mixing tank 304, the solar machine 303 is communicated with the heat pump 301 through the water mixing tank 304, and the water mixing tank 304 serves as an intermediate bridge to facilitate heat exchange between the solar machine 303 and the heat pump 301.

In a preferable scheme, a hot water area 318 and a cold water area 320 are arranged in the water mixing tank 304, an electric heating device is arranged in the hot water area 318, a first heat exchanger 314 and a second heat exchanger 315 are arranged in the heat pump 301, the first heat exchanger 314 is used for heating air in the blower 302, two circulation ports of the second heat exchanger 315 are respectively communicated with the hot water area 318 and the cold water area 320 to form a first loop, a first circulation pump 307 is communicated in the first loop, the other two circulation ports of the second heat exchanger 315 are communicated with the first heat exchanger 314 to form a second loop, and a compressor is arranged in the second loop.

When the first loop is circulating, the second heat exchanger 315 absorbs heat from the hot water region 318, the compressor operates, the medium in the second loop sends heat to the first heat exchanger 314, and the first heat exchanger 314 heats the air in the line of the blower 302 by using the heat in the medium.

In a preferred scheme, a solar heater 316 and a third heat exchanger 317 are arranged in the solar machine 303, two circulation ports of the third heat exchanger 317 are communicated with the solar heater 316 to form a third loop, the other two circulation ports of the third heat exchanger 317 are respectively communicated with a hot water area 318 and a cold water area 320 to form a fourth loop, and a second circulation pump 308 is arranged in the fourth loop.

The solar heater 316 absorbs solar energy to heat the internal medium and the third heat exchanger 317 absorbs this heat and circulates it through a third loop, sending it to the hot water section 318.

In a preferred scheme, a plurality of exhaust hoods 107 are arranged on the outer wall of the vertical drying cabin 1 along the height direction, an exhaust pipeline 108 is further arranged, each exhaust hood 107 is communicated with the exhaust pipeline 108, a moisture exhaust machine 109 is arranged in the exhaust pipeline 108, and the moisture exhaust machine 109 extracts water vapor in each exhaust hood 107.

In a preferred embodiment, the blower 302 is further provided with an air inlet 311, the exhaust duct 108 is communicated with the air inlet 311, and a condenser 305 and a dryer 321 are further sequentially communicated between the exhaust duct 108 and the air inlet 311.

Because the temperature of the water vapor discharged from the exhaust pipeline 108 is high, a large amount of heat is still carried after condensation and drying, the warm air after condensation and drying flows back to the blower 302, and only little energy is consumed when the warm air is heated by the heat pump 301 again, so that the purpose of energy saving is achieved.

In a preferred embodiment, a warm water region 319 is disposed between the warm water region 318 and the cold water region 320, two circulation ports of the condenser 305 are respectively connected to the warm water region 319 and the cold water region 320 to form a fifth loop, and a third circulation pump 309 is disposed in the fifth loop.

The high temperature water vapor in the exhaust line 108 releases heat to the condenser 305 when condensed, and the fifth loop carries the heat back to the warm water region 319 when circulating, further reducing heat loss.

In a preferred embodiment, the condenser 305 has a condensed water outlet 313 at a lower end thereof, the hot air system 3 further includes a recovered water tank 306 and a drain pump 310, the condensed water outlet 313 is communicated with the recovered water tank 306 through the drain pump 310, and the drain pump 310 drains the condensed water into the recovered water tank 306 for storage, so as to be ready for use.

In a preferred scheme, a first temperature zone 104 is arranged in the vertical drying cabin 1, a hot air inlet pipe 102 penetrates through the outer wall of the vertical drying cabin 1 and is communicated with the first temperature zone 104, a second temperature zone 105 is arranged above the first temperature zone 104, a third temperature zone 106 is arranged below the first temperature zone 104, and temperature sensors are arranged in the first temperature zone 104, the second temperature zone 105 and the third temperature zone 106.

The hot air inlet pipes 102 are arranged in a plurality along the height direction, the air inlet cylinder 2 is arranged in the vertical drying bin 1, the hot air inlet pipes 102 are communicated with the air inlet cylinder 2, the air inlet cylinder 2 is provided with a plurality of exhaust leakage openings along the height direction, and the temperature gradient in the vertical drying bin 1 along the height direction is smaller.

Because the hot air inlet pipe 102 is arranged in the first temperature zone 104, the temperature of the first temperature zone 104 is higher than that of the second temperature zone 105 and that of the third temperature zone 106, and because the hot air is easy to rise, the temperature of the second temperature zone 105 is higher than that of the third temperature zone 106, when walnuts are dried, the temperature of the hot air at the inlet of the hot air inlet pipe 102 is controlled through feedback of a temperature sensor, the temperature of the first temperature zone 104 is set to be 40-50 ℃, the temperature of the second temperature zone 105 is about 35-40 ℃, the temperature of the third temperature zone 106 is about 30-35 ℃, when walnuts enter, the walnuts are preheated and dehumidified by the second temperature zone 105, fully dried by the first temperature zone 104, and finally dried by the third temperature zone 106 and then discharged from the bottom.

In a preferable scheme, a plurality of moisture meters 6 are arranged in the first temperature zone 104, the second temperature zone 105 and the third temperature zone 106, each moisture meter 6 comprises an outer protective cylinder 601 connected with the inner wall of the vertical drying chamber 1, a slidable baffle 602 is arranged at the upper end of each outer protective cylinder 601, an inner cylinder 603 is arranged in each outer protective cylinder 601, an openable supporting plate 604 is arranged at the lower end of each inner cylinder 603, a weighing device 606 is arranged between each inner cylinder 603 and each outer protective cylinder 601, each inner cylinder 603 is connected with each outer protective cylinder 601 through a sliding rail 605, each inner cylinder 603 can slide up and down relative to each outer protective cylinder 601, and the weighing devices 606 weigh the weights of the inner cylinders.

The moisture meters 6 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and the height direction to ensure the rationality of sampling, the walnuts are fed from the top, so that the moisture content of the walnuts in the second temperature zone 105 is maximum, the moisture of the walnuts is lower when the walnuts go downwards, the weight of each walnut is smaller, the size difference of the walnuts is not large, the moisture loss of the walnuts can be obtained by comparing the total weight of the walnuts in the moisture meter 6 at the uppermost layer with the weight of the walnuts at the lower layer, the steps of measuring the moisture of the walnuts are as follows,

s1, starting to work the moisture meter 6 on the uppermost layer;

s2, controlling the electric push rod 607 to work, and driving the baffle 602 to slide open by the electric push rod 607 through the connecting plate 608;

s3, the walnut falls into the inner barrel 603, and then the baffle 602 is closed;

s4, weighing the weight of the walnut in the inner barrel 603;

s5, opening the supporting plate 604 and releasing the walnuts in the inner barrel 603;

s6, averaging the walnut quantity obtained by the moisture meter 6 of the height layer;

s7, weighing walnuts in other height layers in the same way and obtaining the average value of the weight;

s8, measuring and analyzing the average weight of the walnuts in each height layer, and calculating the water loss of the walnuts by taking the uppermost layer data as a reference;

the water content of walnuts in the discharging process can be ensured by intelligently monitoring the water loss of the walnuts in each height layer and adjusting the temperature of each temperature area and the drying time of the walnuts.

In the preferred scheme, the lower end of the vertical drying bin 1 is provided with a discharge hole 103, and a conveyor 7 is arranged below the discharge hole 103 and used for automatically conveying the dried walnuts;

a bin cover 4 is arranged at the upper end of the vertical drying bin 1, a feeding hole 401 is formed in the bin cover 4, a lifting and feeding device 5 is arranged on one side of the vertical drying bin 1, a feeding hopper 501 is arranged at the lower end of the lifting and feeding device 5, a raw material outlet 503 is formed in the upper end of the lifting and feeding device 5, and the raw material outlet 503 is arranged above the feeding hole 401;

a conveying device 502 for conveying materials is arranged between the feed hopper 501 and the raw material outlet 503;

the inner wall of the vertical drying cabin 1 is provided with a slideway 101 which spirally descends along the height direction.

The walnuts are fed by the feed hopper 501, conveyed to the raw material outlet 503 through the conveying device 502 and fall to the top end of the slide way 101 through the feed inlet 401, and the walnuts slide down to the bottom of the vertical drying bin 1 along the slide way 101 to be accumulated and gradually stacked upwards.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be considered as limitations of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the technical solutions described in the claims, and includes equivalent alternatives of technical features in the technical solutions described in the claims. Namely, equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope of the invention are also within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a vertical walnut drying device, characterized by: the drying device comprises a vertical drying cabin (1) and a hot air system (3), wherein the hot air system (3) comprises a heat pump (301), one side of the heat pump (301) is provided with a blower (302), the heat pump (301) is used for heating air flowing through the blower (302), the blower (302) is provided with a hot air outlet (312), and the hot air outlet (312) is communicated with a hot air inlet pipe (102);

the hot air system (3) further comprises a solar machine (303) and a water mixing tank (304), and the solar machine (303) is communicated with the heat pump (301) through the water mixing tank (304).

2. The vertical walnut drying device of claim 1, wherein: the water mixing tank (304) is internally provided with a hot water area (318) and a cold water area (320), the hot water area (318) is internally provided with an electric heating device, the heat pump (301) is internally provided with a first heat exchanger (314) and a second heat exchanger (315), the first heat exchanger (314) is used for heating air in the blower (302), two circulation ports of the second heat exchanger (315) are respectively communicated with the hot water area (318) and the cold water area (320) to form a first loop, the first loop is communicated with a first circulation pump (307), the other two circulation ports of the second heat exchanger (315) are communicated with the first heat exchanger (314) to form a second loop, and the second loop is internally provided with a compressor.

3. The vertical walnut drying device of claim 2, wherein: the solar energy machine (303) is internally provided with a solar heater (316) and a third heat exchanger (317), two circulation ports of the third heat exchanger (317) are communicated with the solar heater (316) to form a third loop, the other two circulation ports of the third heat exchanger (317) are respectively communicated with a hot water area (318) and a cold water area (320) to form a fourth loop, and a second circulation pump (308) is arranged in the fourth loop.

4. The vertical walnut drying device of claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the vertical drying cabin (1) is provided with a plurality of exhaust hoods (107) along the height direction, and is also provided with an exhaust pipeline (108), each exhaust hood (107) is communicated with the exhaust pipeline (108), and a humidity exhaust machine (109) is arranged in the exhaust pipeline (108).

5. The vertical walnut drying device of claim 4, wherein: the blower (302) is further provided with an air inlet (311), the exhaust pipeline (108) is communicated with the air inlet (311), and a condenser (305) and a dryer (321) are sequentially communicated between the exhaust pipeline (108) and the air inlet (311).

6. The vertical walnut drying device of claim 5, wherein: a warm water area (319) is arranged between the hot water area (318) and the cold water area (320), two circulating ports of the condenser (305) are respectively connected with the warm water area (319) and the cold water area (320) to form a fifth loop, and a third circulating pump (309) is arranged in the fifth loop.

7. The vertical walnut drying device of claim 5, wherein: the lower end of the condenser (305) is provided with a condensed water outlet (313), the hot air system (3) further comprises a recovered water tank (306) and a drainage pump (310), and the condensed water outlet (313) is communicated with the recovered water tank (306) through the drainage pump (310).

8. The vertical walnut drying device of claim 1, wherein: a first temperature zone (104) is arranged in the vertical drying bin (1), a hot air inlet pipe (102) penetrates through the outer wall of the vertical drying bin (1) and is communicated with the first temperature zone (104), a second temperature zone (105) is arranged above the first temperature zone (104), a third temperature zone (106) is arranged below the first temperature zone (104), and temperature sensors are arranged in the first temperature zone (104), the second temperature zone (105) and the third temperature zone (106).

9. The vertical walnut drying device of claim 8, wherein: a plurality of moisture meters (6) are arranged in the first temperature zone (104), the second temperature zone (105) and the third temperature zone (106), each moisture meter (6) comprises an outer protective cylinder (601) connected with the inner wall of the vertical drying bin (1), a slidable baffle (602) is arranged at the upper end of each outer protective cylinder (601), an inner barrel (603) is arranged in each outer protective cylinder (601), a supporting plate (604) capable of being opened is arranged at the lower end of each inner barrel (603), and a weighing device (606) is arranged between each inner barrel (603) and each outer protective cylinder (601).

10. The vertical walnut drying device of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the vertical drying bin (1) is provided with a discharge outlet (103);

the upper end of the vertical drying bin (1) is provided with a bin cover (4), and the bin cover (4) is provided with a feeding hole (401).