CN214852750U - Wheel-driven pepper transplanter - Google Patents

Abstract

A wheel-driven pepper transplanter comprises a frame, a seedling separating device, a transplanting device and a transmission mechanism, wherein the frame is provided with a rectangular chassis, the chassis is provided with front wheels and rear wheels, and a seedling tray and a seat are arranged on the chassis; the seedling separating device comprises a flat driving wheel arranged above a chassis, two flat driving wheels pull a closed clamping chain, a plurality of seedling throwing cups are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the clamping chains, the bottoms of the seedling throwing cups are openable movable cup bottoms, thin rod-shaped supporting rails are arranged below the seedling throwing cups, and at least one fracture is arranged on each supporting rail; the planting device is provided with a seedling cover and a planting device; the driving wheel of the transmission mechanism is arranged on the wheel axle of the front wheel or the rear wheel and is in transmission with the translation wheel. The beneficial effects are that: the mechanical motion power except walking comes from land wheels, the structure is greatly simplified, the weight is obviously reduced, the pepper transplanting operation can be carried out by a small tractor with 12-25 horsepower or manpower and animal power traction, the adaptability is strong, the operation cost is low, the quality is good, the efficiency is high, and the pepper transplanting machine is expected to become a popular machine tool for pepper transplanting.

Description

Wheel-driven pepper transplanter

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an agricultural implement, a wheel-driven hot pepper transplanter promptly.

Background

The seedling culture and transplantation of the peppers are important measures for prolonging the growth period of the peppers and improving the yield and quality of the peppers. However, the transplanting process of the pepper is large in labor amount, and manual labor is difficult to complete for large-area planting, so that mechanization is urgently needed. The pepper transplanting process is complex in action, high in required precision and high in mechanical requirement. Thus. Several kinds of transplanter which are put out in the market at present are relatively complex in structure and are suspended, namely the transplanter is arranged behind a tractor, and the power output shaft of the tractor outputs power to drive the operation of machines and tools. In working practice, the above-described suspended type transplanting machines exhibit the following drawbacks:

1. the requirements for the tractor are high, and a special tractor is needed.

Since all the load is borne by the engine of the tractor, the oil consumption is high.

The power output shaft of the tractor is also required to be connected with a section of transmission shaft provided with a universal joint, a gearbox and a more complex transmission mechanism are arranged behind the transmission shaft, so that the distance between the transplanter and the tractor is increased, the length of the machine tool is increased, the torque for towing and hoisting is increased, and the tractor with higher horsepower is required. Taking a pepper transplanter with two rows at a time as an example, the length of the pepper transplanter reaches 4000mm, and the pepper transplanter needs to be matched with a tractor with 35-40 horsepower, so that the cost is high. The existing 12-25 horsepower small tractor with large storage capacity in rural areas cannot play a role.

The tractor and the transplanter have large distance and long machine tool, and have higher requirements on indexes such as flatness, firmness and the like of a farmland. In the farmland with soft ground and large fluctuation, the working conditions between the front tractor and the transplanter behind are always different greatly, the power of the tractor is difficult to adjust according to the requirements of the transplanter, and the transplanting quality is negatively affected.

The wheel track of a 35-40 horsepower tractor matched with the pepper transplanter is about 1300-1400 mm. The row spacing of the current peppers is mostly 850-900 mm wide, mulching films are covered more before transplanting, and every two rows of the peppers are covered with one film. Obviously, the existing pepper transplanting machine cannot enter a field with a film and can only work in the field without the film. And a tractor with 12-25 horsepower has a wheel track of about 1100mm, can just enter the tractor, but cannot be matched with a transplanter.

On agricultural machines such as a seeder, land wheels are often used as power to replace the power of a power output shaft of a tractor. However, since the land wheel works by the friction force with the ground, the power is limited, the requirement on the firmness of the soil is high, and the land wheel is not suitable for the operation of soft soil, so that the land wheel can only drag simple components such as a seed sowing device, a fertilizer applicator and the like, and a precedent of adopting the land wheel to drive the operation is not provided for a transmission system with a complicated mechanism such as a pepper transplanting machine.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a need not tractor power output shaft output's power, can be by multiple power traction such as small tractor or manpower, animal power, the operating cost is low, and is of high quality, efficient from power hot pepper transplanter.

The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a wheel-driven hot pepper transplanter, includes the frame, divides the seedling device, plants and inserts device and drive mechanism, and its improvement is: the machine frame is provided with a chassis, the front end of the chassis is provided with a front wheel, the rear end of the chassis is provided with a rear wheel, and a seat and a seedling tray are arranged on the chassis; the seedling separating device comprises a flat driving wheel arranged above a rack, the two flat driving wheels oppositely arranged at two ends of a chassis form a group, the two flat driving wheels in the group pull a clamping chain in a closed loop, the outer side of the clamping chain is fixedly connected with a plurality of seedling throwing cups, the bottoms of the seedling throwing cups are openable and closable movable cup bottoms, thin rod-shaped supporting rails are arranged below the seedling throwing cups, the supporting rails are arranged above the chassis along the moving track of the bottoms of the seedling throwing cups, at least one fracture is formed in the whole supporting rails, when the seedling throwing cups move along with the clamping chain, the movable cup bottoms of the seedling throwing cups are closed due to being abutted against the supporting rails, and the seedling throwing cups are opened due to downward swinging of gravity when moving to the fracture; the transplanting device is a seedling receiving cover which is arranged below the fracture and used for receiving seedlings and a transplanting device for transplanting the seedlings to soil; the driving wheel of the transmission mechanism is arranged on a wheel shaft of the front wheel or the rear wheel and is transmitted with the translation wheel through a transmission part.

The bevel gear box is arranged below the flat driving wheel, the lower part of the bevel gear box is fixed on the chassis through an upright post, a pair of bevel gears is arranged in the bevel gear box, a vertical shaft extending out of one bevel gear is a flat driving wheel shaft, and a flat shaft extending out of the other bevel gear is driven by a driving wheel.

The seedling receiving cover is a conical pipe which is formed by surrounding four wall plates and has a large upper opening and a small lower opening, the chassis is a rectangular frame which is formed by surrounding frames on the periphery, two longitudinal beams which are oppositely arranged in the front and back direction are arranged in the chassis, five transmission shafts are arranged on the longitudinal beams, and the longitudinal beams are respectively called as a first shaft, a second shaft, a third shaft, a fourth shaft and a fifth shaft from back to front, wherein the first shaft, the second shaft, the third shaft and the fourth shaft are all arranged on the upper surface of the longitudinal beams, the fifth shaft is arranged on the lower surface of the longitudinal beams, each transmission shaft is respectively provided with a transmission wheel, a wheel shaft of the rear wheel is provided with a driving wheel which is in transmission with one transmission wheel on the second shaft, the second shaft is additionally provided with two transmission wheels, one transmission wheel is in transmission with the first shaft backwards, the other transmission wheel is in transmission with one transmission with the third shaft forwards, and the other transmission wheel on the third shaft is in transmission with the transmission wheel on the fifth shaft through the transmission wheels; two ends of the first shaft are respectively provided with a driving wheel which is respectively driven by two flat rotating wheels at the rear part of the frame; the utility model discloses a seedling planting device, including triaxial, five axles, the middle part of connecting rod, pull rod, the upper end of pull rod and big crank, triaxial both ends are equipped with big crank respectively, and five ends are equipped with little crank respectively, and little crank is articulated through the one end of pivot with the connecting rod, and the middle part of connecting rod is articulated with the lower extreme of pull rod mutually, the upper end of pull rod with big crank's outer end rotates to be connected, the other end of connecting rod is equipped with the planting and inserts the ware.

The planting device is provided with a dividing and combining cone, a seedling receiving hopper and a mounting frame, the mounting frame is formed by connecting two opposite steel plates through a steel bar in a pulling mode, and pin shaft holes are formed in the steel plates; the seedling receiving hopper is inserted into the upper opening of the mounting frame, the upper part of the opening and closing cone enters the lower opening of the mounting frame, the opening and closing cone is provided with two opposite semi-conical pipes, the upper part of each semi-conical pipe is provided with a pin shaft hole which is in running fit with the pin shaft and is hinged with the pin shaft hole on the steel plate through the pin shaft, the upper part of each semi-conical pipe is provided with a push-pull plate, one side of each push-pull plate is provided with a small hole for installing a U-shaped spring, the other side of each push-pull plate is provided with a brake cable opening capable of clamping a brake cable, and the middle part of each push-pull plate is removed to form an arc-shaped avoiding bend.

The wheel shaft of the ground wheel provided with the driving wheel is supported by a wheel shaft frame and is arranged above the chassis, and the position of the wheel shaft is higher than the clamping chain and the seedling cup.

Four-wheel drive wheels are arranged on wheel shafts of the front wheel and the rear wheel, and the four-wheel drive wheels on the front wheel shaft and the rear wheel shaft are directly or indirectly driven by a four-wheel drive belt.

The four-wheel drive transmission wheels on the front wheel axle or the rear wheel axle are one-way transmission wheels 4-17.

The four-wheel drive transmission belt is a crawler belt wrapped and hung outside the front wheel and the rear wheel.

The air collecting cover is arranged above the chassis through a support, the air collecting cover is a conical surface with a large opening and a small outlet, the outlet is bent downwards and is opposite to the fracture of the support rail, namely the upper opening of the seedling cup or the upper opening of the seedling receiving cover, the direction of the opening of the air collecting cover is adjustable, and the air collecting cover is positioned through a positioning bolt.

The frame is provided with an inflation tank, an inflation pipe of the inflation tank is provided with a check valve which can only go in and out and is connected with an air pump driven by a crank link mechanism, the crank link mechanism is driven by a transmission shaft on a chassis, an air release pipe of the inflation tank is provided with an air release valve, and the air release valve is arranged at the upper opening passing part of the transplanting device and/or at the upper opening of the seedling cup or the upper opening of the seedling receiving cover.

The utility model has the advantages that: except for walking, all mechanical motion is powered by the ground wheels, and power of a power output shaft of the tractor is not used. Compared with the existing products, the hot pepper transplanting machine has the advantages of greatly simplified structure, remarkably reduced weight, wide adaptability to planting scale and land conditions, low operation cost, good quality and high efficiency, can be dragged by a small tractor with 12-25 horsepower or manpower and animal power to carry out hot pepper transplanting operation, and is expected to become a popular machine tool for hot pepper transplanting.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the component rack of the first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the component rack of the first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the part separating device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the first embodiment of the component singling apparatus;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial top view of the seedling separating device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 8 is an operational state diagram of the seedling cup of the first embodiment;

FIG. 9 is another state diagram of the seedling cup of the first embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a front view of the component drive mechanism of the first embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a top plan view of the component drive mechanism of the first embodiment;

fig. 12 is a front view of the component insertion device of the first embodiment;

fig. 13 is a plan view of the component insertion device of the first embodiment;

fig. 14 is an operational state diagram of the inserting device of the first embodiment;

fig. 15 is another operation state diagram of the inserting device of the first embodiment;

fig. 16 is a front view of the component mounter of the first embodiment;

fig. 17 is a left side view of the component inserter of the first embodiment;

FIG. 18 is a front view of the component mounting bracket of the first embodiment;

FIG. 19 is a top view of the component mounting bracket of the first embodiment;

FIG. 20 is a front view of the component half cone of the first embodiment;

FIG. 21 is a left side view of the component half cone of the first embodiment;

fig. 22 is a schematic view of an opened state of the part inserter of the first embodiment;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view showing the operation of the first embodiment;

figure 24 is a front view of the second embodiment,

FIG. 25 is a top view of the second embodiment;

FIG. 26 is a perspective view showing the construction of the second embodiment;

FIG. 27 is a perspective view of an equivalent structure of the second embodiment;

FIG. 28 is a front elevational view of the component four-drive mechanism of the third embodiment;

FIG. 29 is a top plan view of the component four-drive mechanism of the third embodiment;

FIG. 30 is a structural view of a one-way transmission wheel of the parts of the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 31 is a front view of the four-wheel drive transmission member of the fifth embodiment;

FIG. 32 is a front view of the four-wheel drive transmission member of the sixth embodiment;

FIG. 33 is a front view of an equivalent structure of a four-wheel drive transmission member of the sixth embodiment;

FIG. 34 is a front view of the seventh embodiment;

FIG. 35 is a front view of the component wind-collecting cover of the seventh embodiment;

FIG. 36 is a left side view of the component wind-collecting cover of the seventh embodiment;

FIG. 37 is a schematic view of the wind collecting cover of the seventh embodiment;

FIG. 38 is a front view of the eighth embodiment;

FIG. 39 is a schematic view of a component inflator of the eighth embodiment;

FIG. 40 is a schematic view of the operation of the component pair insert of the eighth embodiment;

fig. 41 is a schematic view showing the operation of the air release pipe of the component aeration tank of the eighth embodiment on a seedling cup.

It can be seen in the figure that: a rack 1: 1-1 part of chassis, 1-2 parts of front wheels, 1-3 parts of rear wheels, 1-4 parts of seedling trays, 1-5 parts of seats, 1-6 parts of longitudinal beams, 1-7 parts of wheel shaft frames, 1-8 parts of height-adjusting bolts and 1-9 parts of nail teeth.

Seedling separating device 2: 2-1 parts of a flat driving wheel, 2-2 parts of a clamping chain, 2-3 parts of a seedling throwing cup, 2-4 parts of a supporting rail, 2-5 parts of an umbrella gear box, 2-5-1 parts of a bevel gear, 2-6 parts of a fracture, 2-7 parts of a movable cup bottom, 2-8 parts of seedlings, 2-9 parts of a wind gathering cover, 2-10 parts of a support, 2-11 parts of an outlet, 2-12 parts of a sleeve, 2-13 parts of a positioning bolt, 2-14 parts of an inflation tank, 2-15 parts of an inflation inlet, 2-16 parts of a crank connecting rod mechanism, 2-17 parts of an air release pipe and 2-18 parts of an air release valve.

Planting and inserting device 3: the seedling receiving cover is 3-1, the planting and inserting device is 3-2, the opening and closing cone is 3-2-1, the semi-conical tube is 3-2-1-1, the seedling receiving hopper is 3-2-2, the mounting frame is 3-2-3, the brake cable is 3-2-4, the pin shaft is 3-2-5, the U-shaped spring is 3-2-6, the pin shaft hole is 3-2-7, the push-pull plate is 3-2-8, the avoiding bend is 3-2-9, and the brake cable opening is 3-2-10.

The transmission mechanism 4: the brake shoe comprises a driving wheel 4-1, a first shaft 4-2, a second shaft 4-3, a third shaft 4-4, a fourth shaft 4-5, a fifth shaft 4-6, a transmission wheel 4-7, a transmission belt 4-8, a large crank 4-9, a small crank 4-10, a brake cable crank 4-11, a pull rod 4-12, a connecting rod 4-13, a four-wheel drive transmission wheel 4-14, a four-wheel drive transmission belt 4-15, a tension wheel 4-16, a one-way transmission wheel 4-17, an inner tooth 4-17-1, a pawl 4-17-2, a clamp spring 4-17-3 and a crawler belt 4-18.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment: fig. 1 and 2 illustrate a wheel-driven pepper transplanter, which is divided into four parts for convenience of description: namely a frame, a seedling separating device, a planting and transplanting device and a transmission mechanism.

As can be seen by combining the figures 3 and 4, the main part of the frame 1 is a rectangular chassis 1-1, the front end of the chassis is provided with two front wheels 1-2, the rear end is provided with two rear wheels 1-3, and the frame is provided with seedling trays 1-4 and seats 1-5.

As can be seen from the combination of fig. 5 and 6, the seedling separating device 2 is provided with a flat driving wheel 2-1 which is arranged above the frame 1. As can be seen by combining the figure 7, the translation wheel is arranged above the bevel gear boxes 2-5, and the lower part of the bevel gear boxes is fixed on the chassis through the upright posts. A pair of bevel gears 2-5-1 are arranged in the bevel gear box, wherein a vertical shaft extending out of one bevel gear is a translational wheel shaft, and a flat shaft extending out of the other bevel gear is in transmission with the driving wheel through a transmission wheel. As can be seen in the figure, two translation wheels are respectively arranged at two ends of the chassis in a group. Two flat driving wheels in the same group pull a clamping chain 2-2 which is a closed loop, the outer side of the clamping chain is fixedly connected with a plurality of seedling throwing cups 2-3, and the bottoms of the seedling throwing cups are movable cup bottoms 2-7 which can be opened and closed in a swinging mode. The lower part of the seedling throwing cup is provided with thin rod-shaped support rails 2-4 which can be made of steel bars and are arranged above the rack along the moving track of the bottom of the seedling throwing cup. As can be seen by combining the figures 8 and 9, at least one fracture 2-6 is arranged on the whole support rail, when the seedling throwing cup moves along with the clamping chain, the movable cup bottom is closed when being propped against the support rail, the movable cup bottom swings downwards by gravity when moving to the fracture and is opened, and the seedlings 2-8 in the seedling throwing cup can fall down. After passing through the cut-off, the bottom of the movable cup returns to the closed position under the limit of the supporting rail.

The flat driving wheel can be in various structural forms, and is preferably a chain wheel, and the wheel surface of the flat driving wheel is horizontally arranged, namely the wheel axis is vertical. The holding chain preferably takes the form of a chain cooperating with a sprocket.

As can be seen in the figure, two groups of flat driving wheels are arranged on the chassis of the frame along the front-back direction to drive the two clamping chains and the seedling throwing cup to carry out two-row transplanting operation, namely a two-row pepper transplanter.

As can be seen from fig. 10 and 11, the chassis 1-1 is a rectangular frame surrounded by frames, and two longitudinal beams 1-6 installed in the front and rear directions are arranged in the frame. The transmission mechanism 4 comprises two longitudinal beams, five transmission shafts are arranged on the two longitudinal beams and are respectively called a first shaft 4-2, a second shaft 4-3, a third shaft 4-4, a fourth shaft 4-5 and a fifth shaft 4-6 from back to front, wherein the first shaft, the second shaft, the third shaft and the fourth shaft are all arranged on the longitudinal beams, the fifth shaft is arranged below the longitudinal beams, and each transmission shaft is respectively provided with a transmission wheel 4-7. The driving wheel is arranged on a wheel shaft of the rear wheel, the driving wheel is in transmission with one transmission wheel on the second shaft, the other two transmission wheels are arranged on the second shaft, one transmission wheel is in transmission with the transmission wheel on the first shaft backwards, the other transmission wheel is in transmission with the transmission wheel on the third shaft forwards, and the other transmission wheel on the third shaft is in transmission with the transmission wheel on the fifth shaft forwards through the transmission wheel on the fourth shaft; two ends of the shaft are respectively provided with a driving wheel which is respectively driven by two flat rotating wheels at the rear part of the frame. Because the transmission precision requirement is higher, the transmission wheel preferably adopts a chain wheel, and the matched transmission belts 4-8 are also chains. Of course, a transmission mode such as matching of a gear and a soft rack can also be adopted. If a friction-type belt drive is to be used, precise drive must be ensured. As can be seen in the figure, the two ends of the three shafts are respectively provided with a large crank 4-9, and the two ends of the five shafts are respectively provided with a small crank 4-10. Two ends of the four shafts are respectively provided with a brake cable crank 4-11. Referring to fig. 12 and 13, the outer end of the small crank is hinged with one end of a connecting rod 4-13 through a rotating shaft, the middle part of the connecting rod is hinged with the lower end of a pull rod 4-12, the upper end of the pull rod is rotatably connected with the outer end of the large crank, and the planting and inserting device 3-2 is arranged at the other end of the connecting rod.

As can be seen in the combination of FIGS. 10 and 11, the planting device 3 comprises a seedling cover 3-1 and a planter 3-2.

As can be seen in the combination of fig. 12 and 13, the planting device comprises a seedling cover 3-1 and a planter 3-2. The seedling receiving cover is a conical pipe which is surrounded by wall plates at four sides and has a large upper opening and a small lower opening. The figure illustrates a pyramid tube, but it can also be a cone tube. The upper part of the planting device is a seedling receiving bucket 3-2-2 which is formed by enclosing wall plates on four sides and has a large upper opening and a small lower opening, and the upper opening of the seedling receiving bucket is larger than the lower opening of the seedling receiving cover. The lower part of the planting device is an opening-closing cone 3-2-1 which is formed by two semi-cone pipes and has a sharp lower end and can be opened and closed.

Fig. 14 and 15 show two operating states of the transplanting device, respectively. The state of figure 14 is that the big crank and the pull rod both swing downwards to drive the connecting rod and the planting device at the front end to swing downwards to a low point, at the moment, the opening and closing cone which is internally provided with the seedling and is in a closed state penetrates through the mulching film to go deep into the soil, and then the opening cone is lifted upwards and opened at the same time to insert the seedling into the soil. The seedling receiving bucket is lifted continuously, namely the position shown in figure 15 is reached, the connecting rod is horizontally arranged, the upper opening of the seedling receiving bucket is just sleeved outside the lower opening of the seedling receiving cover, at the moment, the cup bottom of the positive value seedling throwing cup is opened, the seedlings are put down, the seedlings enter the opening and closing cone through the seedling receiving cover and the seedling receiving bucket, and the action described in figure 14 is repeated.

In the seedling transplanting process, the transplanting device is in direct contact with soil, the operation environment is severe, and faults are easy to occur, so that the requirement on the working performance of the transplanting device 3-2 is high. Although various similar products are put out in the market, the mature shaped products are few. For this purpose, the present example proposes in particular an inserter 3-2. As shown in figures 16 and 17, the transplanter also comprises a separation and combination cone 3-2-1, a seedling receiving hopper 3-2-2, a mounting frame 3-2-3 and the like. As can be seen from fig. 18 and 19, the mounting frame 3-2-3 is formed by connecting two opposite steel plates by pulling steel bars, and two pin shaft holes 3-2-7 for mounting the pin shafts 3-2-5 are formed in the steel plates. The seedling receiving hopper is inserted into the upper opening of the mounting frame, and the upper part of the opening and closing cone enters the lower opening of the mounting frame. The opening and closing cone also comprises two opposite semi-cone pipes 3-2-1-1. As can be seen from the combination of fig. 20 and 21, the upper part of the semi-conical pipe 3-2-1-1 is provided with a pin shaft hole 3-2-7 which is rotatably matched with the pin shaft 3-2-5, so that the semi-conical pipe can be arranged in the mounting frame through the pin shaft. The upper part of the semi-conical pipe is provided with a push-pull plate 3-2-8, the two sides of the push-pull plate are respectively provided with a small hole for installing a U-shaped spring 3-2-6 and a brake cable opening 3-2-10 with an opening at the upper end for clamping the brake cable 3-2-4. In order to make the structure more compact and prevent the push-pull plate from colliding with the outer wall of the seedling receiving hopper when swinging, a circular arc-shaped avoiding bend 3-2-9 is formed by removing a block in the middle of the push-pull plate. As can be seen from fig. 22, the brake cable is designed by taking the brake cable of the bicycle as a reference, and is composed of a pull wire and an outer sleeve, and when the pull wire is installed in the brake cable opening, the iron clamp and the outer sleeve at the front end are clamped outside the two push-pull plates. The other end of the pull wire is connected with a brake wire crank 4-11 at the outer end of the four shaft 4-5. When the brake cable is in work, the brake cable crank drives the brake cable to repeatedly push and pull the push-pull plate along with the rotation of the four shafts. When the brake cable is tightened, the upper end of the push-pull plate swings inwards to drive the two half-cone pipes to open as shown in fig. 22. When the brake cable is loosened, the push-pull plate swings outwards under the push of the U-shaped spring, and the two half conical pipes are driven to return to the closed state shown in fig. 16. When in use, as shown in figure 23, the transplanter is pulled behind a small tractor, the seedlings of hot pepper are placed on a seedling tray, a seedling separating person sits on a seat, and the seedlings are put into a seedling throwing cup. With the walking of the machine, the seedling cup is transferred to the fracture of the support rail, the bottom of the movable cup is downwards swung by the dead weight, and the seedling falls into the seedling receiving cover. At the moment, the transplanting device with the positive connecting rod swings upwards, the seedling receiving bucket receives the pepper seedlings from the seedling cover, and then the pepper seedlings fall into the opening and closing cone downwards. Two half cone pipes of awl that open and shut this moment are closed, and the while swings downwards under drive mechanism's drive, passes the plastic film and pierces the soil layer, and two half cone pipes open and lift immediately, can stay the hot pepper seedling in soil, can adopt the extrusion wheel to carry out appropriate suppression in both sides top afterwards, can accomplish hot pepper seedling plant the process of inserting.

The mechanism may employ a variety of different parameters under different operating conditions. For the eastern part or even adjacent areas of the inner Mongolia autonomous area, the following main parameters are recommended to be preferentially selected:

according to the related mechanical principle, the motion of the connecting rod is a complex motion synthesized by up-and-down movement, back-and-forth movement and up-and-down swing of two ends. The up-and-down reciprocating times of the two ends of the connecting rod are equal, so that the rotating speeds of the transmission shafts at the two ends are the same, namely three shafts: five axles =1, the swing amplitude of the front end of the connecting rod is smaller than that of the rear end, so that the large crank length of the rear end is 120mm, the pull rod length is 135mm, the small crank length of the rear end is 50mm, and the connecting rod length is 420 mm. The parameter error is less than or equal to 5 percent.

In addition, the total transmission ratio, i.e. the reciprocal of the transmission ratio between the starting end and the terminal end, should be equal to the number of seedlings to be transplanted when the driving wheel rotates for one circle, and the transmission ratio in this example calculated according to the rotating speed is: q = (triaxial: drive wheel) =2R pi (1 + δ)/u,

in the formula: r = land wheel radius, delta = land wheel slip rate (1% -2% can be taken), u = plant spacing (200-280 mm is taken locally). And determining the ground clearance height of the axle center of the ground wheel to be more than or equal to 250mm according to the height of the plant after the seedling is transplanted, selecting the diameter of the ground wheel to be 2R =520mm, and substituting the formula Q =2R pi (1 + delta)/u ≈ 6-8.

Two-stage transmission is selected according to the proper specification of the machine tool, and the total transmission ratio Q =6 can be divided into two shafts according to the rotating speed: capstan =3, three axes: two axes =2, total gear ratio =3X2= 6. And selecting a transmission ratio of the two axial rear shafts to the one shaft = one shaft according to the rotating speed: biaxial =2/3, it can be assumed that: a shaft: and a driving wheel = (two shafts: driving wheel) (one shaft: two shafts) =3X2/3=2, and the transplanting planting distance is 275-278 mm. Selecting a transmission ratio of the clamping chain to the driving wheel as 1/2 according to proper specification parameters of the machine tool, and determining the number of seedling cups uniformly distributed on the clamping chain = the number of seedlings transplanted in one circle of the driving wheel: the transmission ratio of the clamping chain to the driving wheel is =6X2= 12.

Similarly, divide into the secondary drive with Q =8, can realize through changing the drive wheel, the biax: capstan =4, three axes: the plant spacing of 204-206 mm can be achieved by two shafts =2 and the total transmission ratio =4X2= 8. Because the clamping chain moves in a reciprocating manner, the number of seedling cups uniformly distributed on the clamping chain can be unchanged. It is also possible to increase to 16, i.e. still maintaining the transmission ratio of the gripping chain to the power wheel = 1/2.

Overall, the overall transmission ratio Q can be selected between 3 and 4. The length X width of the chassis can be selected from 1100-1300 mmX 65-90 mm, preferably 1180mmX72 mm.

Compared with the existing machines, the machine of the embodiment greatly simplifies the mechanism, reduces the length by more than half, and has flexible operation, so that the requirements of operation can be met only by the power of the land wheel without adopting the power output by the power output shaft of the tractor. It should be noted that: in agricultural machinery, a plurality of machines and tools using a land wheel as power are available, but the friction force between the land wheel and the ground is limited and unstable, so the existing land wheel power can only be used for driving simple transmission parts such as a seed sowing device, a fertilizer discharging device and the like, and a precedent that the land wheel is used as the power for a multi-link transmission mechanism such as a pepper transplanting machine is not available. In the experiment, the machine is drawn by a 15 horsepower tractor, and compared with the machine drawn by the original 35 horsepower tractor, the operation efficiency is comparable. Experiments show that after the land wheel bears the load, although the load of the tractor is increased, the amplitude is increased slightly compared with the output of the power output shaft, and the oil is saved by 15-20% in comparison. The friction force generated by the self weight of the machine tool of the land wheel has larger utilization space, and the transplanter taking the land wheel as the power can completely replace the transplanter taking the power output shaft as the power. Especially, under the condition of lacking a tractor, the transplanter taking the land wheel as the power can also be dragged by animals such as cattle, horses, donkeys, mules and the like, and even can be pulled by people, so that the adaptability is obviously enhanced.

The second embodiment: improved on the basis of the previous embodiment. As shown in fig. 24 and 25, the ground wheels on which the drive wheels 4-1 are mounted, i.e., the rear wheels 1-3 as illustrated in the drawings, have a much larger diameter than the first embodiment. The wheel axle is supported and installed above the chassis 1-1 through the wheel axle frame 1-7, which is equivalent to hang the whole chassis under the wheel axle. In order not to obstruct the passing of the clamping chain and the seedling cup, the position of the wheel axle is higher than the clamping chain 2-2 and the seedling cup 2-3. The driving wheel 4-1 on the wheel shaft is in transmission with the driving wheel on the lower two shafts through a transmission belt. Here again, the drive wheels and belts are preferably sprockets and chains. The ground wheel has the advantages that the distance between the outer edge of the ground wheel and the axle center of the wheel is increased, the rotating torque of the friction force between the outer edge of the wheel and the ground to the axle center is greatly increased, and the dragging capability of each rotating part of the machine tool is remarkably improved. Experiments show that the transplanter greatly improves the operation performance of sandy and swamp lands with soft soil, and better solves the industrial problem that land wheels can not drive the transplanter.

Obviously, there are various specific forms of the enlarged land wheel, and for the purpose of illustration, fig. 26 and 27 illustrate two structures by perspective views. Figure 26 illustrates a version in which the rear wheels are enlarged and the front wheels are unchanged. Figure 27 illustrates the rear wheels moving forward and the front wheels not being visible, so that the ground wheels can be either the rear wheels 1-3 or the front wheels 1-2. The structure can maintain the whole balance by the front traction or the rear pushing, and the function of the structure is that the land wheel bears almost the whole weight of the machine body, so that larger friction force and towing power can be obtained.

Third embodiment: the improvement is based on the first embodiment. As shown in fig. 28 and 29, the ground wheels provided with driving wheels are exemplified by rear wheels 1-3 in the figure, the wheel shafts of the opposite ground wheels exemplified by front wheels 1-2 in the figure are provided with four-wheel driving wheels 4-14, and the four-wheel driving wheels on the front wheel shaft and the rear wheel shaft are driven by four-wheel driving belts 4-15. The advantage of doing so is that the land wheel that has not only installed the action wheel can the motion part of traction machines, and the land wheel of not installing the action wheel also can assist the land wheel work of installation action wheel to increase the traction ability of land wheel by a wide margin, further strengthened to the adaptability of soft piece of land.

Also visible in the figure are: the chassis is also provided with tension wheels 4-16 which are arranged on the chassis through springs and can tension the four-wheel drive transmission belts 4-15. As can be seen from the mechanical principle, the tensioning wheel can act to tension both the upper side and the lower side of the four-wheel drive belt, and the lower side of the four-wheel drive belt is illustrated in the figure. Because the lower edge is a loose edge which is often called, and the upper edge is a tight edge, the effect of tensioning the loose edge is better. In the event that the chain is pulled tight enough, such a tensioning wheel may not be used. However, too tight a chain increases the strength of the chain and also reduces the rotation performance of the ground wheel. Under the condition that the chain is proper in tightness, the loose edge of the chain can drag to land due to the small ground clearance of the ground wheel shaft and the long distance of the chain, and the chain can carry impurities and cause faults. In addition, the conditions of the front and rear ground wheels are often greatly different, which results in different rotation speeds of the two wheels, and particularly when the front wheel is slow, the chain can be raised or even fall off. At this point, the tension pulley is activated to coordinate the operation of the various components.

It should be noted that: the four-wheel drive wheel and the four-wheel drive belt are arranged on the inner side of the chassis, obviously, the four-wheel drive wheel and the four-wheel drive belt can be arranged in a plurality of ways, can be arranged on the outer side of the chassis or on the outer side of the land wheel, can achieve the same function, and belong to the equivalent technical solutions.

The fourth embodiment: the improvement on the basis of the third embodiment is also an equivalent technical scheme of the third embodiment. The third embodiment proposes a four-wheel drive solution, i.e. a gearing relationship is established between the front and rear ground wheels. Four-wheel drive is common in conventional vehicles, but the front and rear wheels are operated separately, whereas the four-wheel drive of the present example is operated with the front and rear wheels in series. This type of series drive is chosen because the various components being towed need to be coordinated and therefore cannot be driven separately. As known from the common mechanical knowledge, the transmission has high requirements on the synchronism of the front wheel and the rear wheel, namely, the movement speeds of the front wheel and the rear wheel are required to be the same. Theoretically, synchronization of two wheels can be realized by selecting parameters such as proper wheel diameters and transmission ratios, however, in the field operation process, the situations of the positions of the front and rear ground wheels are different, so that the speed of the two wheels is different, and further, faults are caused, and the calculation is difficult. In the third embodiment, the tension wheel has a certain effect of relieving the faults, but the relief amplitude is small, and the requirement on the working environment is still high. In order to solve this problem, the present example provides the following technical solutions: the four-wheel drive transmission wheels on the front wheel axle or the rear wheel axle are one-way transmission wheels 4-17. There are various types of the one-way transmission wheel, and fig. 30 illustrates a ratchet pawl type one-way transmission wheel for easy understanding. As can be seen in the figure, the outer sleeve of the one-way transmission wheel is tubular, the inner wall of the one-way transmission wheel is provided with inner teeth 4-17-1 for one-way transmission, the section of the inner teeth is in a sharp angle shape, the included angle between one side edge of the sharp angle and the radius of the passing pipe center is zero, and the other side edge of the sharp angle is an inclined plane with a larger included angle with the radius. More than one pawl 4-17-2 is arranged on the inner disc which can rotate relative to the outer sleeve through a rotating shaft, and the pawl can be provided with a snap spring 4-17-3 to obtain a return function.

The one-way transmission wheel is arranged on a rear wheel shaft, and when the rotating speed of the front wheel is higher than or equal to that of the rear wheel, the front wheel has a pulling effect on the rear wheel, so that the output performance of the rear wheel can be improved. When the rotating speed of the front wheel is lower than that of the rear wheel, the outer sleeve rotates, and the front wheel is not affected. The one-way transmission wheel is arranged on the front wheel shaft in turn, and the functions can be realized by changing the direction. Obviously, the one-way transmission wheel better solves the difference between the front wheel and the rear wheel, and can ensure the stable operation of the machine tool.

Fifth embodiment: the improvement on the basis of the foregoing embodiment is also an equivalent technical solution of the third embodiment. As shown in fig. 31, the outer faces of the front and rear wheels are wrapped in a closed loop by the crawler belts 4-18. Compared with chain transmission, the mode can greatly increase the grounding area of the land wheel, increase the total friction force and improve the towing performance, and can be made of various materials such as metal, nylon, cotton, hemp and the like, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the method is suitable for various soil conditions.

Sixth embodiment: the improvement on the basis of the foregoing embodiment is also an equivalent technical solution of the third embodiment. As shown in fig. 32, the front wheel and the rear wheel are connected with each other by a four-wheel drive transmission wheel and a four-wheel drive transmission belt, but are not directly connected but indirectly connected as in the third embodiment. Namely, two groups of chain wheels are arranged on the frame of the chassis 1-1 and are driven by chains. The chains led out from the front and the rear ground wheel shafts extend upwards and are respectively connected with a group of driving wheels above the chassis to form three-stage transmission. The mode thoroughly solves the problems that the four-wheel drive transmission belt droops to drag and scrape the ground, weeds are carried and the like.

FIG. 33 illustrates an equivalent structure to FIG. 32: a group of chain wheels are arranged on the frame of the chassis 1-1 to form two-stage transmission. The problems that the four-wheel drive transmission belt droops to drag and scrape the ground, weeds are carried and the like can also be solved.

The seventh embodiment: improved on the basis of the previous embodiment. As shown in fig. 34, a wind collecting cover 2-9 is arranged above the chassis through a bracket 2-10. As can be seen from fig. 35 and 36, the wind gathering cover is a conical cover with a large inlet and a small outlet, and the outlet 2-11 is bent downwards and is opposite to the fracture 2-6 of the support rail, i.e. the upper opening of the seedling throwing cup 2-3 or the upper opening of the seedling receiving cover 3-1. The wind-collecting cover is inserted in the sleeves 2-12 of the bracket through a rotating shaft, and the direction of the inlet is adjustable. The rotating shaft illustrated in the figure is a downward bending section of the outlet of the wind gathering cover, the rotating shaft can rotate in the sleeve to adjust the direction of the inlet of the wind gathering cover, and the direction can be positioned through positioning bolts 2-13 after being determined.

In operation, as shown in fig. 37, the inlet of the wind-gathering cover is opposite to the wind direction, or a proper angle is maintained, so that a large amount of air flow enters the wind-gathering cover through the inlet, flows out of the outlet, and rushes towards the seedling cup or the seedling receiving cover with high pressure. At the moment, the seedling cup with the thrown hot pepper seedling moves to the fracture, the movable cup bottom is opened, the air flow is blown downwards just, and the seedling can smoothly and quickly fall to the designated position. Obviously, the seedling is accelerated to descend, provides the condition for improving the functioning speed of centre gripping chain and the marching speed of machines, improvement operating efficiency. Meanwhile, the inner walls of the seedling cup and the seedling receiving cover can be washed away, so that soil blockage is prevented, and the operation stability is improved.

The eighth embodiment: as shown in fig. 38, the canisters 2-14 are assembled on the frame. As can be seen from FIG. 39, the inflation ports 2-15 of this type of inflation canister are provided with one-way valves that can only be accessed and connected to an air pump driven by the crank-link mechanisms 2-16. A rotor type air pump can also be adopted, and a crank link mechanism can be omitted. The crank-link mechanism can be driven by a transmission shaft on the chassis. The figure illustrates four axes 4-5. The air release pipe of the inflation tank is provided with air release valves 2-18. The air release valve can be arranged at the passing part of the upper opening of the planting device 3-2 as shown in figure 40, or can be arranged above the upper opening of the seedling throwing cup 2-3 or the upper opening of the seedling receiving cover as shown in figure 41. In normal times, the air pressure in the aeration tank is more than 1 atmosphere, and 2 to 3 atmospheres are generally suitable. When the transplanting device or the seedling cup or the seedling receiving cover passes through, the high-pressure gas can be released by touching the switch of the air release valve so as to wash away dirt and prevent blockage. Can also be used to help the seedling fall. Of course, such an inflator should be equipped with a constant pressure relief valve. However, the bleed valve used here is both a touch valve and a safety valve. Because the pressure exceeds the thrust of the spring, the ball valve automatically deflates.

In addition, the present example has three improvements: one is to add a part for adjusting the ground clearance of the chassis on the wheel frame between each ground wheel and the chassis. The figure illustrates a height-adjusting bolt 1-8, which can be turned to change the height of the ground wheel upright post. Secondly, a plurality of spike teeth 1-9 are added on the periphery of the rear wheel, so that the rear wheel can be more tightly combined with the ground during walking, the slip rate is greatly reduced, and the transmission is more stable and reliable. Thirdly, the seat is moved to the rear end of the chassis, two persons sit on the seat during operation, the pressure of the rear wheels is increased, the friction force between the rear wheels and the ground is increased, the friction force between the ground wheels and the ground is increased, the slip rate is reduced, and the generated power is more sufficient.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a wheel-driven hot pepper transplanter, includes the frame, divides the seedling device, plants and inserts device and drive mechanism, its characterized in that: the machine frame (1) is provided with a chassis (1-1), the front end of the chassis is provided with front wheels (1-2), the rear end of the chassis is provided with rear wheels (1-3), and a seedling tray (1-4) and a seat (1-5) are arranged on the chassis; the seedling separating device (2) comprises flat driving wheels (2-1) arranged above a chassis, the two flat driving wheels oppositely arranged at two ends of the chassis form a group, one group of two flat driving wheels pulls a clamping chain (2-2) in a closed loop, the outer side of the clamping chain is fixedly connected with a plurality of seedling throwing cups (2-3), the bottoms of the seedling throwing cups are openable and closable movable cup bottoms (2-7), thin rod-shaped support rails (2-4) are arranged below the seedling throwing cups, the support rails are arranged above the chassis along the moving track of the bottoms of the seedling throwing cups, at least one fracture (2-6) is arranged on the whole support rail, when the seedling throwing cups move along with the clamping chain, the movable cup bottoms of the seedling throwing cups are closed due to abutting against the support rails, and the movable cup bottoms swing downwards to the fracture positions by gravity to open the seedling throwing cups; the transplanting device (3) is a seedling receiving cover (3-1) which is arranged below the fracture and used for receiving seedlings and a transplanting device (3-2) for transplanting the seedlings to soil; and a driving wheel (4-1) of the transmission mechanism (4) is arranged on a wheel shaft of the front wheel or the rear wheel, and the driving wheel is transmitted with the translation wheel through a transmission part.

2. The wheeled hot pepper transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: a bevel gear box (2-5) is arranged below the flat driving wheel (2-1), the lower part of the bevel gear box is fixed on the chassis through an upright post, a pair of bevel gears (2-5-1) are arranged in the bevel gear box, a vertical shaft extending out of one bevel gear is a translation wheel shaft, and a flat shaft extending out of the other bevel gear is in transmission with the driving wheel (4-1) through a transmission wheel.

3. The wheeled pepper transplanter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the seedling receiving cover (3-1) is a conical pipe which is formed by surrounding four wall plates and has a large upper opening and a small lower opening, the chassis (1-1) is a rectangular frame surrounded by a frame, two longitudinal beams (1-6) which are oppositely arranged in the front-back direction are arranged in the chassis, five transmission shafts are arranged on the longitudinal beams and are respectively called as a first shaft (4-2), a second shaft (4-3), a third shaft (4-4), a fourth shaft (4-5) and a fifth shaft (4-6) from back to front, wherein the first shaft, the second shaft, the third shaft and the fourth shaft are all arranged on the longitudinal beams, the fifth shaft is arranged below the longitudinal beams, each transmission shaft is respectively provided with a transmission wheel (4-7), a driving wheel (4-1) is arranged on a wheel shaft of the rear wheel, the driving wheel is in transmission with one transmission wheel on the second shaft, two transmission wheels are arranged on the second shaft, and one transmission wheel is in transmission with the first shaft from back, the other one is forward driven by a driving wheel on the three shafts, and the other driving wheel on the three shafts is forward driven by a driving wheel on the four shafts and a driving wheel on the five shafts; two ends of the first shaft are respectively provided with a driving wheel which is respectively driven by two flat rotating wheels at the rear part of the frame; big cranks (4-9) are arranged at two ends of the three shafts respectively, small cranks (4-10) are arranged at two ends of the five shafts respectively, the small cranks are hinged with one ends of connecting rods (4-13) through rotating shafts, the middle parts of the connecting rods are hinged with the lower ends of pull rods (4-12), the upper ends of the pull rods are rotatably connected with the outer ends of the big cranks, and the transplanting and inserting device (3-2) is arranged at the other ends of the connecting rods.

4. The wheeled hot pepper transplanter according to claim 3, wherein: the planting and inserting device (3-2) is provided with an opening and closing cone (3-2-1), a seedling receiving bucket (3-2-2) and an installation frame (3-2-3), the installation frame is formed by connecting two opposite steel plates through steel bars in a pulling mode, a pin shaft hole (3-2-7) is formed in each steel plate, the seedling receiving bucket is inserted into the upper opening of the installation frame, the upper portion of the opening and closing cone enters the lower opening of the installation frame, the opening and closing cone (3-2-1) is provided with two opposite half cone pipes (3-2-1-1), the upper portion of each half cone pipe is provided with a pin shaft hole (3-2-7) which is in running fit with a pin shaft (3-2-5), and the pin shaft hole (3-2-7) in each steel plate of the installation frame (3-2-3) is hinged with the pin shaft (3-2-5), the upper part of the semi-conical pipe is provided with a push-pull plate (3-2-8), one side of the push-pull plate is provided with a small hole for installing a U-shaped spring (3-2-6), the other side of the push-pull plate is provided with a brake cable port (3-2-10) capable of clamping a brake cable (3-2-4), and the middle part of the push-pull plate is removed to form an arc-shaped avoiding bend (3-2-9).

5. The wheeled hot pepper transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: the front wheel or the rear wheel of the driving wheel (4-1) is supported by a wheel shaft frame (1-7) and is arranged above the chassis (1-1), and the position of the wheel shaft is higher than the clamping chain (2-2) and the seedling throwing cup (2-3).

6. The wheeled hot pepper transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: four-wheel drive wheels (4-14) are arranged on wheel shafts of the front wheel and the rear wheel, and the four-wheel drive wheels on the front wheel shaft and the rear wheel shaft are directly or indirectly driven by four-wheel drive transmission belts (4-15).

7. The rotating pepper transplanter according to claim 6, wherein: the four-wheel drive transmission wheels (4-14) on the front wheel axle or the rear wheel axle are one-way transmission wheels (4-17).

8. The rotating pepper transplanter according to claim 6, wherein: the four-wheel drive transmission belt (4-15) is a crawler belt (4-18) wrapped and hung outside the front wheel and the rear wheel.

9. The wheeled hot pepper transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: a wind gathering cover (2-9) is arranged above the chassis (1-1) through a support (2-10), the wind gathering cover is a conical surface with a large opening and a small outlet (2-11), the outlet is bent downwards and is opposite to the fracture (2-6) of the support rail, namely the upper opening of the seedling throwing cup (2-3) or the upper opening of the seedling receiving cover (3-1), the direction of the opening of the wind gathering cover is adjustable, and the wind gathering cover is positioned through a positioning bolt (2-13).

10. The wheeled hot pepper transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: the frame (1) is provided with an inflation tank (2-14), an inflation inlet (2-15) of the inflation tank is provided with a check valve which can only go in and out and is connected with an air pump driven by a crank link mechanism (2-16), the crank link mechanism is driven by a transmission shaft on a chassis, an air release pipe of the inflation tank is provided with an air release valve (2-18), and the air release valve is arranged at the upper opening passing part of the planting and inserting device (3-2) and/or at the upper opening of the seedling throwing cup (2-3) or the upper opening of the seedling receiving cover (3-1).

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