CN214836382U - Roadway ecological supporting structure - Google Patents
Roadway ecological supporting structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN214836382U CN214836382U CN202120951767.8U CN202120951767U CN214836382U CN 214836382 U CN214836382 U CN 214836382U CN 202120951767 U CN202120951767 U CN 202120951767U CN 214836382 U CN214836382 U CN 214836382U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an ecological supporting construction in tunnel includes bamboo stock, bamboo net piece and the bamboo round pin spare of fixed bamboo stock and bamboo net piece. The anchoring principle is that the inner diameter of the bamboo anchor rod is expanded by utilizing the embedding effect of the small end groove formed in the head of the bamboo anchor rod and the conical wood block, so that the friction force between the anchor rod support and the rock wall is increased, and the anchor rod support effect is realized. The anchor rod is made of bamboo materials, so that the anchor rod is very convenient to transport, has strong toughness, can release surrounding rock pressure, and has good practicability and applicability; in addition, for the anchor bolt support manufacturing, the bamboo timber in the local mine can be fully utilized, the metal can be saved, the income of local residents is promoted, and the social benefit is good.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a stock support technical field especially relates to an ecological supporting construction in tunnel that adopts in tunnel, stope of interim or short-term use.
Background
At present, coal mines in China are mainly underground mining, a large number of roadways need to be excavated underground, and roadway support is adopted to keep the roadways smooth and surrounding rocks stable, so that the method has important significance for coal mine construction and production. The basic purpose of supporting the roadway is to alleviate and reduce the movement of surrounding rocks, so that the section of the roadway is not excessively reduced, and meanwhile, the scattered and damaged surrounding rocks are prevented from falling.
The roadway support goes through the lengthy process from wood support, bricklaying support and section steel support to anchor bolt support. Practical experience at home and abroad shows that anchor bolt support is an economic and effective support technology for many years, and compared with shed type support, the anchor bolt support obviously improves the roadway support effect, reduces the roadway support cost and lightens the labor intensity of workers. More importantly, the anchor rod support greatly simplifies the end support and advanced support process of the coal face, ensures the safe production and creates good conditions for the quick propulsion of the coal face and the great improvement of the coal yield.
The anchor bolt support is a reinforcing support mode adopted in surface engineering such as side slopes, rock-soil deep foundation pits and the like and underground chamber construction such as tunnels, stopes and the like. The method is characterized in that a pole column is made of metal pieces, wood pieces, polymer pieces or other materials, and is driven into a hole which is drilled in advance in an earth surface rock body or a rock body around a chamber, and the special structure of the head part and the pole body and a tail supporting plate (which can be omitted) are utilized, or the surrounding rock and a stable rock body are combined together by depending on the bonding action to generate the suspension effect, the combination beam effect and the reinforcing effect, so that the aim of supporting is fulfilled.
Nowadays, anchor rod design is according to tunnel country rock geology engineering section and service condition commonly used have: the anchor rod comprises a full-length bonding type anchor rod, an end anchoring type anchor rod, a friction type anchor rod, a pre-stressed anchor rod, a self-drilling type anchor rod and a system anchor rod, wherein the anchor rod is made of steel bars.
Chinese patent publication No. CN209323511U discloses a moso bamboo anchor rod, which comprises a moso bamboo rod body, a cross-shaped bell mouth arranged at one end of the moso bamboo rod body, a cross-shaped flange cone connected with the bell mouth, an iron sheet hoop arranged at the inner side of the cross-shaped flange cone, an anchoring device arranged at the other end of the moso bamboo anchor rod, the same iron sheet hoop arranged at the inner side of the anchoring device, and filler mortar arranged inside the moso bamboo rod body. This patent is through adopting the form that the body of rod cross-section of mao bamboo is diminishing from inside to outside along anchor rod hole, reaches the effect that forms wedge member after the body of rod bonds with mortar, the soil body on every side, and then improves the resistance to plucking, the tensile bearing capacity of stock. However, the device needs to process the moso bamboo rod body into a through hole at first, the processing difficulty is high, in addition, the working procedure of spraying mortar added after the anchor rod is installed also increases corresponding working hours, meanwhile, the existence of mortar also correspondingly increases surrounding rock environmental pollution, meanwhile, the filling effect of the mortar filling material in the moso bamboo rod body is difficult to determine, and the stabilization time is also difficult to determine.
Chinese patent publication No. CN102400699A discloses a bamboo joint type high-strength anchor rod, which comprises a full-length anchoring type anchor rod body, a tray, a nut and a plurality of anti-sliding anchor joints arranged on the anchor rod body. This patent increases the frictional force between stock and the country rock through setting up the anti-skidding anchor festival, improves the reliability and the tunnel anchor quality of stock. However, the bamboo joint type high-strength anchor rod is still made of traditional metal materials, the anti-sliding anchor joint arranged on the anchor rod body increases the reliability after anchoring, but the friction force between the anchor rod and surrounding rocks is also increased during installation, so that the anchor rod is difficult to install, the working hours of the anchor rod installation procedure are increased, and meanwhile, the cost of the anchor rod device is increased due to the fact that the anti-sliding anchor joint is welded between the anchor rod body.
In view of this, there is a need for an improved roadway ecological supporting structure, which overcomes the drawbacks in the background art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide an ecological supporting construction in modified tunnel to it is with high costs to solve in tunnel, the stope of interim or short-term use, and the installation is complicated, and the installation is consuming time, can cause environmental pollution's problem simultaneously.
In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides a tunnel ecological supporting structure, which comprises a bamboo anchor rod, a bamboo net sheet and a bamboo pin piece; be provided with a plurality of bamboo trays on the bamboo system net piece, bamboo tray geometry central point puts and has seted up the anchor rod hole, the one end of bamboo stock is fixed in the anchor rod hole, with bamboo net piece mutually perpendicular, be equipped with a plurality of anchor eyes on the bamboo stock, the bamboo stock is through setting up the anchor eye with bamboo net piece is fixed, and the mounting is bamboo round pin spare.
Specifically, one end of the bamboo anchor rod is provided with a small port groove which is used for being matched with the conical wood block, so that the head of the bamboo anchor rod is expanded, the pressure of an ecological supporting structure of a roadway and the wall of the hole is increased, the friction force is improved, and the anchoring performance is improved.
Particularly, the other end of the bamboo anchor rod is provided with an iron sheet sleeve, and the iron sheet sleeve is arranged to prevent the tail of the bamboo anchor rod from being cracked due to the use of an installation tool in the process of installing the roadway ecological supporting structure.
Particularly, a plurality of anchoring holes are distributed along the bamboo anchor rod body at proper positions away from the iron sheet sleeve, the anchoring holes are through holes penetrating along the transverse section of the bamboo anchor rod body, the spacing distance between the adjacent anchoring holes is 2-5cm, only one anchoring hole is arranged on each bus of the bamboo anchor rod body, the effect of the unique anchoring holes is that the influence of unused holes on used holes is prevented, and the anchoring effect of the bamboo anchor rod on a bamboo net is improved.
Specifically, the center of the bottom of an anchor rod hole formed in a drilling process is placed in advance in the conical wood block before the roadway ecological supporting structure is installed.
Specifically, the bamboo net piece comprises bamboo strips with the length of 2-3m and the width of 5cm, a plurality of bamboo trays evenly distributed on the bamboo strips, and anchoring nails between the bamboo strips, wherein the bamboo strips are mutually penetrated, and the outermost woven layer is anchored by the anchoring nails.
Particularly, the bamboo pallet is made of bamboo blocks, and the specific size is determined according to the diameter of an anchor rod hole formed in the center of the bamboo pallet.
As the utility model discloses a further improvement, can suitably improve during the preparation of bamboo net piece and weave the intensity to realize effectively that the comparatively broken rock piece in protection tunnel drops, guarantee mine underworkings production safety.
The utility model has the advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the utility model provides an ecological supporting construction in tunnel, bamboo stock and bamboo net piece adopt the bamboo to make, save the resource, can make full use of the local natural resources bamboo timber in mine simultaneously reduce mine production supporting cost, are favorable to promoting local resident income, produce good social.
The utility model provides an ecological supporting construction in tunnel adopts bamboo article, simple manufacture, and light in weight conveniently transports. Simultaneously, due to the use of bamboo wood, the anchor rod has good toughness and can meet the requirement of releasing the pressure of surrounding rocks. In addition, the bamboo anchor rod can be adjusted according to tunnel support, drilling size length and decide, and application scope is wide, and the adaptability is good.
The utility model provides an ecological supporting construction in tunnel can suitably improve because of bamboo net piece weaves the intensity to improve workman underworkings production safety.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses an ecological supporting construction's in tunnel structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the bamboo anchor rod structure in fig. 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bamboo net sheet structure in FIG. 1 of the present invention
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not relevant to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1, the utility model provides an ecological supporting construction 100 for roadway, which comprises a bamboo anchor rod 1, a bamboo net sheet 2 and a bamboo pin 3. Wherein be equipped with a plurality of cross-section orthographic projections at bamboo net piece 2 top suitable positions and be the bamboo tray 22 of rectangle, anchor with bamboo round pin spare 3 between bamboo net piece 2 and the bamboo tray 22, the anchor rod hole has been seted up to bamboo tray 22 geometric centre position, and bamboo stock 1 is installed in above-mentioned anchor rod hole, and with place the mutual gomphosis of toper billet 15 in anchor rod hole bottom in advance.
Specifically, the bamboo pin member 3 has a tapered shape, and the total length thereof is greater than the diameter of the bamboo anchor rod body 11.
Referring to fig. 2, the bamboo anchor rod includes a bamboo anchor rod body 11, a small groove 12 (shown as the right end of the bamboo anchor rod) opened at the head of the bamboo anchor rod body, an iron sheet sheath 13 wound around the tail of the bamboo anchor rod body, a plurality of anchoring holes 14 distributed on the bamboo anchor rod body 11 at a certain distance from the iron sheet sheath 13, and a tapered wood block 15 embedded with the small groove 12. The length and the diameter of the bamboo anchor rod body 11 can be determined according to roadway support and length adjustment of a drilled hole; the opening size of the port small groove 12 can be properly selected according to the diameter of the bamboo anchor rod; the iron sheet sleeve 13 and the bamboo anchor rod body 11 are hooped tightly by a hoop, so that the phenomenon that the wrapping end of the iron sheet sleeve 13 of the bamboo anchor rod body 11 is cracked due to the use of tools in the installation process is avoided; the anchoring holes 14 are arranged on the outer side of the circumferential wall of the bamboo anchor rod body 11 and are through holes, the anchoring holes 11 are arranged in a group at intervals of 2-5cm along the longitudinal direction of the bamboo anchor rod, but each anchoring hole 14 is not arranged on the same bus line of the rod of the bamboo anchor rod body 11, and the purpose is to prevent the unused holes from influencing the used holes and improve the anchoring effect of the bamboo anchor rod on the bamboo net.
Specifically, the center line of the port small groove 12 is collinear with the center line of the bamboo anchor rod body 11. The maximum width of the conical wood block 15 is larger than the width of the port small groove 12, and the length of the conical wood block is larger than the diameter of the bamboo anchor rod body 11 and smaller than an anchor rod hole formed in a drilling procedure.
Referring to fig. 3, the bamboo net sheet 2 includes bamboo strips 21, bamboo trays 22 distributed at suitable positions on the surfaces of the bamboo strips, and fixing member anchoring nails 23 between the bamboo strips.
The manufacturing method of the bamboo mesh sheet comprises the following steps:
s1: splitting the thick bamboo to obtain bamboo strips with length of 2-3m and width of 5 cm.
S2: the bamboo strips are mutually inserted and woven into a net shape.
S3: and the bamboo splints on the outermost side are anchored by the anchoring nails.
S4: according to the size of the woven bamboo net piece, a bamboo tray is placed at a proper position on the surface of the bamboo net piece, and the bamboo tray and the bamboo net piece are fixed by a bamboo pin piece.
Wherein, the intensity that bamboo strip 21 was woven among the bamboo net piece 2 can suitably improve as required to do benefit to effectively to protect the comparatively broken rock piece in tunnel and drop, guarantee mine underworkings production safety.
In particular, all bamboo pallets 22 are evenly distributed on the bamboo net sheet 2, avoiding the occurrence of overturning moments.
In particular, the bamboo anchor rod hole opened on the bamboo pallet 22 should be located at the geometric center position, the size of the bamboo anchor rod hole should be slightly larger than the rock hole drilled in the previous process, and the round hole sideline has a certain distance from the bamboo pallet 22 entity to ensure that the bamboo pallet 22 entity has a certain thickness after the bamboo anchor rod is installed.
The method of use of the device is briefly described as follows:
the roadway ecological supporting structure installation comprises seven procedures of early-stage inspection, drilling, conical wood block installation, bamboo net sheet installation, bamboo anchor rod installation, hole injection and later-stage inspection.
(1) And (5) checking in the early stage. Including the concrete stability after the completion of inspection underworkings shotcrete operation, whether inspection bamboo stock body 11 has local or whole fracture, whether each partial installation of inspection tunnel ecological support structure accords with technical standard.
(2) And (5) drilling. Drilling holes by using a rock drill or a special anchor rod drilling machine and an anchor rod drilling and installing machine.
(3) And (5) installing the conical wood block 13. The tapered wood block 13 is placed with a tool in the geometric center of the bottom of the anchor rod hole formed in the drilling process of step 2.
(4) And (3) installing the bamboo net piece 2. The bamboo net piece 2 is installed according to the positioning of the bamboo tray 22 installed on the bamboo net piece 2, at the moment, the bamboo net piece 2 is kept to be tightly attached to the rock wall, the bamboo net piece 2 can be fixed by a tool if necessary, and the bamboo anchor rod 1 is paved for the next installation.
(5) And (5) installing the bamboo anchor rod 1. Along the stock hole that above-mentioned bamboo tray 22 was seted up, insert bamboo stock 1 perpendicularly to bamboo stock 1 only exposes anchoring hole 14 above part, and then hits 11 iron sheet covers 13 parcel ends of bamboo stock body with wind hammer or hand hammer, falls into the hole that step 2 formed completely to bamboo stock afterbody, with bamboo round pin spare 3 fixed bamboo stock 1 and bamboo net piece 2.
(6) And (5) injecting eyes. Two modes of anchoring first and then injecting or injecting first and then anchoring can be adopted. And (3) after the bamboo anchor rod 1 is installed, injecting cement mortar into the hole in the step 2 by using an eye injector or a slip casting machine.
(7) And (5) performing later-stage inspection. And (5) checking whether the bamboo anchor rod 1 is loosened after installation and checking whether the concrete is stable in the step 5.
To sum up, the utility model provides an ecological supporting construction in tunnel, including bamboo stock 1, bamboo net piece 2 and bamboo round pin spare 3. The working principle is as follows: after the process of holing is accomplished, place toper billet 13 in advance in the bottom central point of above-mentioned drilling and put, then, align and hang bamboo net piece 2 with the drilling center on the bamboo net piece 2, and then insert bamboo stock 1 perpendicularly, and beat 11 iron sheet covers 13 parcel ends of bamboo stock body with the air hammer, utilize the port sulculus 12 that the 11 other ends of bamboo stock body were seted up and the gomphosis effect of toper billet 13, thereby big bamboo stock body 11 rises, and then the frictional force of increase anchor bolt support with the cliff, realize the anchor bolt support effect. The device has the advantages that the bamboo anchor rod is used, so that the device has light weight, the transportation of the roadway ecological supporting structure is very convenient, meanwhile, the bamboo anchor rod has strong toughness, the pressure of surrounding rocks can be released, and the device has good practicability and applicability; in addition, for the anchor bolt support manufacturing, the bamboo timber in the local mine can be fully utilized, the metal can be saved, the income of local residents is promoted, and the social benefit is good.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an ecological supporting construction in tunnel which characterized in that: comprises a bamboo anchor rod (1), a bamboo net sheet (2) and a bamboo pin piece (3); bamboo net piece (2) are last to be provided with a plurality of bamboo trays (22), the anchor rod hole has been seted up to bamboo tray (22) geometric centre position, the one end of bamboo stock (1) is fixed in the anchor rod is downthehole, just bamboo stock (1) with bamboo net piece (2) mutually perpendicular sets up, be equipped with a plurality of anchor eyes (14) on bamboo stock (1), bamboo stock (1) passes through anchor eye (14) and bamboo net piece (2) are used bamboo round pin spare (3) are fixed.
2. The roadway ecological supporting structure of claim 1, characterized in that: bamboo stock (1) including bamboo stock body (11), set up in port slot (12) of bamboo stock body (11) one end, wrap up in iron leather sheath (13) of the other end of bamboo stock body (11), set up anchor eye (14) on bamboo stock body (11) and with toper billet (15) of the mutual gomphosis of port slot (12), just anchor eye (14) with iron leather sheath (13) are upwards at a distance of 1.5-5cm along bamboo stock body (11) pole.
3. The roadway ecological supporting structure of claim 2, characterized in that: the central line of the port small groove (12) is collinear with the central line of the bamboo anchor rod body (11).
4. The roadway ecological supporting structure of claim 2, characterized in that: the bamboo anchor rod is characterized in that the anchoring holes (14) are through holes penetrating through the transverse section of the bamboo anchor rod body (11), the spacing distance between the adjacent anchoring holes is 2-5cm, and the anchoring holes (14) are arranged in a staggered mode.
5. The roadway ecological supporting structure of claim 2, characterized in that: the maximum width of the conical wood block (15) is larger than the width of the port small groove (12), the length of the conical wood block (15) is larger than the diameter of the bamboo anchor rod body (11) and smaller than the diameter of an anchor rod hole formed in the previous drilling procedure of the roadway ecological supporting structure installation procedure.
6. The roadway ecological supporting structure of claim 2, characterized in that: the iron sheet sleeve (13) and the bamboo anchor rod body (11) are firmly hooped through a hoop.
7. The roadway ecological supporting structure of claim 1, characterized in that: bamboo net piece (2) include bamboo strip (21), distribute a plurality of bamboo tray (22) on bamboo strip (21) cross section and fixed locate bamboo strip (21) interweave layer outermost peripheral anchor nail (23).
8. The roadway ecological supporting structure of claim 7, characterized in that: the bamboo strips (21) are 2-3m long and 5cm wide.
9. The roadway ecological supporting structure of claim 7, characterized in that: bamboo tray (22) be in the orthographic projection on bamboo net piece (2) is the rectangle, bamboo tray (22) geometric centre position is equipped with the anchor rod hole, and all bamboo tray (22) evenly distributed be in on the bamboo net piece (2).
10. The roadway ecological supporting structure of claim 1, characterized in that: bamboo round pin spare (3) are the setting of cylindric pin column structure, just the length of bamboo round pin spare (3) is greater than the diameter of bamboo stock body (11).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120951767.8U CN214836382U (en) | 2021-05-06 | 2021-05-06 | Roadway ecological supporting structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120951767.8U CN214836382U (en) | 2021-05-06 | 2021-05-06 | Roadway ecological supporting structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214836382U true CN214836382U (en) | 2021-11-23 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120951767.8U Active CN214836382U (en) | 2021-05-06 | 2021-05-06 | Roadway ecological supporting structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN214836382U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-05-06 CN CN202120951767.8U patent/CN214836382U/en active Active
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