CN214745627U - Chemical looping combustion power generation system of ammonia - Google Patents
Chemical looping combustion power generation system of ammonia Download PDFInfo
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- CN214745627U CN214745627U CN202120969629.2U CN202120969629U CN214745627U CN 214745627 U CN214745627 U CN 214745627U CN 202120969629 U CN202120969629 U CN 202120969629U CN 214745627 U CN214745627 U CN 214745627U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a chemical looping combustion power generation system of ammonia, which comprises a fuel reactor, wherein a water wall tube is arranged in the fuel reactor, the inlet of the water wall tube is communicated with the industrial water inlet of the fuel reactor, the outlet of the water wall tube is communicated with the steam outlet of the fuel reactor, the steam outlet is communicated with the inlet of a steam turbine, and the steam turbine is coaxially connected with a generator; the gas-solid mixture outlet of the fuel reactor is communicated with the inlet of the first separator, the top of the first separator is a tail gas outlet, the reduced-state oxygen carrier outlet at the bottom of the first separator is communicated with the inlet of the air reactor, the bottom of the air reactor is an air inlet, the gas-solid mixture outlet of the air reactor is communicated with the inlet of the second separator, the top of the second separator is a nitrogen outlet, and the oxidized-state oxygen carrier outlet at the bottom of the second separator is communicated with the oxidized-state oxygen carrier inlet of the fuel reactor; the utility model discloses the system can improve combustion reaction rate, realizes the stable burning of pure ammonia fuel.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a synthesis and utilization technology of ammonia specifically are a chemical chain combustion power generation system of ammonia.
Background
Ammonia is a renewable clean carbon-free fuel with an energy density of about 22.5MJ/kg, comparable to fossil fuels. The energy loss in the process of cracking the ammonia into hydrogen can be reduced by directly combusting the ammonia, greenhouse gas emission is avoided, and the carbon emission in the power generation process can be obviously reduced by adopting pure ammonia combustion power generation under the large background of carbon peak and carbon neutralization. The price of ammonia as fuel is low, the cost of compression, storage and transportation of ammonia is far lower than that of hydrogen, about 1.8 million tons of ammonia are produced and transported every year in China, and the ammonia serving as fuel for power generation has certain industrial foundation. The ammonia has various preparation ways, the ammonia is prepared by utilizing the electricity abandoned by renewable energy sources, and then the ammonia is locally consumed for combustion power generation, so that zero carbon emission in the whole life cycle of the ammonia can be realized.
The related literature reports the blending combustion mechanism of ammonia gas, and experiments and simulation researches are carried out on the ammonia-natural gas and ammonia-hydrogen mixed combustion, such as a combustion device which utilizes combustion air to combust fuel ammonia in a combustor, and simultaneously uses ammonia as fuel and a reducing agent, which is disclosed in patent CN 110312898B. For example, CN112012854A discloses an engine combustion system facing renewable hydrogen storage fuel, which utilizes complementary combustion of ammonia and hydrogen to effectively suppress NOx emission while improving the combustion characteristics of ammonia. For another example, patent CN110440251B discloses a method for controlling ammonia combustion and an ammonia combustion apparatus, which are used to adjust the ratio of gaseous ammonia, carbon-containing combustible gas and air, so that ammonia can be completely combusted under a slight positive pressure condition, and heat is provided to the outside. The direct combustion of ammonia has the challenges of low flame speed and high NOx emission, and particularly, the pure ammonia fuel is difficult to stably combust, so that the commercial application of the ammonia fuel is limited.
Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) is a novel combustion technology, which is a process of completely oxidizing fuel into carbon dioxide and water in a fuel reactor by utilizing lattice oxygen in a solid oxygen carrier through Looping reaction, and the oxygen carrier after reaction is re-oxidized by air in an air reactor to recover the lattice oxygen for recycling. Compared with the traditional combustion technology, the chemical looping combustion has the characteristics of high-efficiency fuel conversion, carbon dioxide separation, low NOx product and the like, and is more suitable for the combustion of ammonia fuel.
Disclosure of Invention
To the problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a chemical looping combustion power generation system of ammonia is an economical feasible, low nitrogen oxide discharges, ammonia chemical looping combustion power generation system and method that low carbon discharged.
The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
a chemical looping combustion power generation system of ammonia comprises a fuel reactor 9, wherein an industrial water inlet 1, a steam outlet 3, an ammonia gas inlet 7, an oxidation state oxygen carrier inlet 8 and a gas-solid mixture outlet are arranged on the fuel reactor 9, a water wall tube 2 is arranged in the fuel reactor 9, the inlet of the water wall tube 2 is communicated with the industrial water inlet 1, the steam outlet 3 is communicated with the outlet of the water wall tube 2, and the ammonia gas and the oxidation state oxygen carrier generate reduction reaction to release heat for heating industrial water in the water wall tube 2; the steam outlet 3 is communicated with an inlet of a steam turbine 4, and the steam turbine 4 is coaxially connected with a generator 5; the gas-solid mixture outlet of the fuel reactor 9 is communicated with the inlet of the first separator 10, the top of the first separator 10 is a tail gas outlet 11, the reduced-state oxygen carrier outlet at the bottom is communicated with the inlet of the air reactor 14, the bottom of the air reactor 14 is an air inlet 13, the gas-solid mixture outlet of the air reactor 14 is communicated with the inlet of the second separator 15, the top of the second separator 15 is a nitrogen outlet 16, and the oxidized-state oxygen carrier outlet at the bottom of the second separator 15 is communicated with the oxidized-state oxygen carrier inlet 8 of the fuel reactor 9.
The oxidation state oxygen carrier is a transition metal oxide.
The transition metal oxide is red mud which is waste residue discharged during the extraction of alumina in the aluminum industry.
According to the working method of the ammonia chemical-looping combustion power generation system, industrial water enters the water-cooled wall tube 2 from the industrial water inlet 1 and flows and absorbs heat to be changed into steam, the steam is sent to the steam turbine 4 from the steam outlet 3 to push the steam turbine 4 to rotate and drive the generator 5 to generate power, and generated electric energy 6 is sent to a power grid for sale;
ammonia gas as fuel is introduced into the fuel reactor 9 from the ammonia gas inlet 7 and is subjected to reduction reaction with the oxidation state oxygen carrier entering from the oxidation state oxygen carrier inlet 8 to obtain 2NH3+5MeO→2NO+3H2O+5Me，4NH3+6NO→5N2+6H2O, oxidizing ammonia gas into nitrogen and water, reducing the oxidized oxygen carrier into a reduced oxygen carrier 12, and feeding the reaction product into a first separator 10; the oxidation reaction of ammonia gas can release heat for heating the industrial water in the water cooling wall pipe 2; in the first separator 10, the reduced oxygen carrier 12 and the tail gas are subjected to gas-solid separation, and the reduced oxygen carrier 12 enters an air reactor 14; the tail gas mainly comprises nitrogen and water vapor and is directly discharged into the atmosphere through a tail gas outlet 11;
in the air reactor 14, the reduced oxygen carrier 12 is oxidized with oxygen in the air to become an oxidized oxygen carrier, 2Me + O2→ 2MeO, the reaction product enters the second separator 15, and air is introduced through the air inlet 13 at the bottom of the air reactor; in the second separator 15, the oxidation state oxygen carrier and nitrogen gas are subjected to gas-solid separation, the nitrogen gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere through a nitrogen gas outlet 16, and the oxidation state oxygen carrier is sent into the fuel reactor 9 for repeated circulation.
The steam pushes the steam turbine 4 to rotate and do work, then the steam is condensed into industrial water, and the industrial water is supplemented to the water wall tube 2 from the industrial water inlet 1 of the fuel reactor 9 to participate in circulation.
The fuel reactor 9 and the air reactor 14 are maintained in a fluidized state.
The oxidized oxygen carrier is conveyed from an oxidized oxygen carrier outlet at the bottom of the second separator 15 into the fuel reactor 9 through a belt, and the circulation rate of the oxidized oxygen carrier is controlled to realize the complete combustion of ammonia into nitrogen and water, specifically, the supply amount of ammonia is determined according to a load instruction, then the circulation rate of the oxidized oxygen carrier is adjusted to ensure that the equivalence ratio of the ammonia to the oxidized oxygen carrier is 2:3, and the circulation rate is realized by adjusting the rotation speed and the air flow rate of the belt.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following profitable technological effect has:
the ammonia gas has high ignition temperature, moderate heat value and low flame combustion speed, is difficult to be independently and stably combusted, and is mainly used as blended fuel at present. The chemical chain combustion adopts the reaction of lattice oxygen and ammonia, the lattice oxygen has higher reaction activity, the combustion reaction rate can be improved, and the stable combustion of pure ammonia fuel is realized.
The ammonia is easy to generate nitrogen oxides by combustion, and the nitrogen oxides can be seriously overproof particularly when the oxygen is excessive. In chemical looping combustion, ammonia gas and lattice oxygen react at the approximate optimum equivalence ratio by controlling the circulation rate of an oxidation state oxygen carrier, so that the ammonia fuel is ensured to be combusted in an oxygen-deficient environment; on the other hand, oxygen and nitrogen in the air are separated through the reduced oxygen carrier, and the nitrogen does not enter the fuel reactor, so that the generation of thermal NOx is reduced, and the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced. The ammonia fuel does not contain sulfide and fly ash, only generates nitrogen and water after chemical chain combustion, and can be directly discharged to the atmosphere, thereby reducing the cost of flue gas purification.
The ammonia is a carbon-free fuel, no greenhouse gas is discharged when the ammonia is completely combusted, the proportion of the ammonia-doped fuel is improved, and the emission of carbon dioxide can be reduced. The pure ammonia fuel power generation is realized by adopting chemical looping combustion, the carbon emission in the power generation process can be obviously reduced, and a new technical path is provided for carbon neutralization and carbon peak reaching.
The preferred oxidation state oxygen carrier in the embodiment is red mud which is waste residue discharged in the process of extracting alumina in the aluminum industry. The red mud is used as an oxygen carrier to participate in the reaction, so that the operation cost is reduced, and the effective reutilization of the red mud can be realized. The industrial water and the oxidation state oxygen carrier are recycled, the material consumption can be reduced, and the technical economy is improved. The fuel reactor and the air reactor are kept in a fluidized state, so that the collision probability between solid particles and ammonia gas is increased, and the reaction rate can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a chemical looping combustion power generation system for ammonia in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
The utility model provides a chemical looping combustion method of ammonia to realize pure ammonia combustion power generation, the system composition is as shown in figure 1, including fuel reactor 9, be provided with industrial water entry 1 on fuel reactor 9, steam outlet 3, ammonia entry 7, oxidation state oxygen carrier entry 8 and gas-solid mixture export, arrange water wall pipe 2 in fuel reactor 9, the entry intercommunication industrial water entry 1 of water wall pipe 2, the steam outlet 3 of water wall pipe 2 export intercommunication, ammonia and oxidation state oxygen carrier take place the reduction reaction and emit the heat, are used for heating the industrial water in the water wall pipe 2; the steam outlet 3 is communicated with an inlet of a steam turbine 4, and the steam turbine 4 is coaxially connected with a generator 5; the gas-solid mixture outlet of the fuel reactor 9 is communicated with the inlet of the first separator 10, the top of the first separator 10 is a tail gas outlet 11, the reduced-state oxygen carrier outlet at the bottom is communicated with the inlet of the air reactor 14, the bottom of the air reactor 14 is an air inlet 13, the gas-solid mixture outlet of the air reactor 14 is communicated with the inlet of the second separator 15, the top of the second separator 15 is a nitrogen outlet 16, and the oxidized-state oxygen carrier outlet at the bottom of the second separator 15 is communicated with the oxidized-state oxygen carrier inlet 8 of the fuel reactor 9.
Preferably, the oxygen carrier in an oxidized state is a transition metal oxide. Further preferably, the transition metal oxide is red mud, and the red mud is waste residue discharged in the process of extracting alumina in the aluminum industry, so that the operation cost is reduced, and the red mud can be effectively recycled.
As shown in fig. 1, in the working method of the ammonia chemical looping combustion power generation system of the present invention, industrial water enters from an industrial water inlet 1 and flows in a water wall tube 2 to absorb heat, and then turns into steam, the steam is sent to a steam turbine 4 from a steam outlet 3, the steam turbine 4 is pushed to rotate and drives a generator 5 to generate power, and generated electric energy 6 is sent to a power grid for sale; the steam pushes the steam turbine 4 to rotate and do work, then the steam is condensed into industrial water, and the industrial water is supplemented to the water wall tube 2 from the industrial water inlet 1 of the fuel reactor 9 to participate in circulation.
Ammonia gas as fuel is introduced into the fuel reactor 9 from the ammonia gas inlet 7 and is subjected to reduction reaction with the oxidation state oxygen carrier entering from the oxidation state oxygen carrier inlet 8 to obtain 2NH3+5MeO→2NO+3H2O+5Me，4NH3+6NO→5N2+6H2O, oxidizing ammonia gas into nitrogen and water, reducing the oxidized oxygen carrier into a reduced oxygen carrier 12, and feeding the reaction product into a first separator 10; the oxidation reaction of ammonia gas can release heat for heating the industrial water in the water cooling wall pipe 2; in the first separator 10, the reduced oxygen carrier 12 and the tail gas are subjected to gas-solid separation, and the reduced oxygen carrier 12 enters an air reactor 14; the tail gas mainly comprises nitrogen and water vapor and is directly discharged into the atmosphere through a tail gas outlet 11;
in the air reactor 14, the reduced oxygen carrier 12 is oxidized with oxygen in the air to become an oxidized oxygen carrier, 2Me + O2→ 2MeO, the reaction product enters the second separator 15, and air is introduced through the air inlet 13 at the bottom of the air reactor; in the second separator 15, the oxidation state oxygen carrier and nitrogen gas are subjected to gas-solid separation, the nitrogen gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere through a nitrogen gas outlet 16, and the oxidation state oxygen carrier is conveyed into the fuel reactor 9 through a belt and is repeatedly circulated. The method comprises the steps of completely combusting ammonia into nitrogen and water by controlling the circulation rate of an oxidation state oxygen carrier, specifically, determining the supply amount of ammonia according to a load instruction, and then adjusting the circulation rate of the oxidation state oxygen carrier to enable the equivalence ratio of the ammonia to the oxidation state oxygen carrier to be 2:3, wherein the circulation rate can be realized by adjusting the rotating speed of a belt and the air flow rate.
Claims (3)
1. An ammonia chemical looping combustion power generation system, characterized in that: the fuel reactor (9) is provided with an industrial water inlet (1), a steam outlet (3), an ammonia gas inlet (7), an oxidation state oxygen carrier inlet (8) and a gas-solid mixture outlet, a water wall tube (2) is arranged in the fuel reactor (9), the inlet of the water wall tube (2) is communicated with the industrial water inlet (1), the steam outlet (3) is communicated with the outlet of the water wall tube (2), and the ammonia gas and the oxidation state oxygen carrier are subjected to reduction reaction to release heat for heating industrial water in the water wall tube (2); the steam outlet (3) is communicated with an inlet of a steam turbine (4), and the steam turbine (4) is coaxially connected with a generator (5); the gas-solid mixture outlet of the fuel reactor (9) is communicated with the inlet of the first separator (10), the top of the first separator (10) is a tail gas outlet (11), the reduced-state oxygen carrier outlet at the bottom is communicated with the inlet of the air reactor (14), the bottom of the air reactor (14) is an air inlet (13), the gas-solid mixture outlet of the air reactor (14) is communicated with the inlet of the second separator (15), the top of the second separator (15) is a nitrogen outlet (16), and the oxidized-state oxygen carrier outlet at the bottom of the second separator (15) is communicated with the oxidized-state oxygen carrier inlet (8) of the fuel reactor (9).
2. The system of claim 1, wherein: the oxidation state oxygen carrier is a transition metal oxide.
3. An ammonia chemical looping combustion power generation system according to claim 2, wherein: the transition metal oxide is red mud which is waste residue discharged during the extraction of alumina in the aluminum industry.
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| CN202120969629.2U CN214745627U (en) | 2021-05-06 | 2021-05-06 | Chemical looping combustion power generation system of ammonia |
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| CN202120969629.2U CN214745627U (en) | 2021-05-06 | 2021-05-06 | Chemical looping combustion power generation system of ammonia |
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