CN214707438U - In-wheel motor and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an in-wheel motor and vehicle, include: the magnetic encoder is directly fixed on the stator component, and an induction magnet is arranged on the rotor component in a position opposite to the magnetic encoder. The in-wheel motor and the vehicle provided by the technical scheme detect the relative position of the stator and the rotor of the in-wheel motor through the cooperation of the magnetic encoder and the induction magnet, so that accurate rotating speed feedback can be obtained, and the rotating speed of the motor can be controlled stably.

Description

In-wheel motor and vehicle

Technical Field

The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to motor design technical field, especially relate to in-wheel motor and vehicle.

Background

In the related art, the hub motor detects the relative position of the rotor and the stator by a hall plate, so as to determine and control the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the motor. But through hall detection motor stator rotor's real-time position, because hall confirms the rotor and changes for the corner of stator through response magnet to confirm the rotational speed, but hall detection is not accurate enough, makes motor speed control not accurate, and then can make the motor appear the phenomenon of operation unstability.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the above-mentioned defect among the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model provides an in-wheel motor and vehicle.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a first aspect provides an in-wheel motor, include: the magnetic encoder is directly fixed on the stator component, and an induction magnet is arranged on the rotor component in a position opposite to the magnetic encoder.

In some embodiments, the magnetic encoder is bonded to the stator assembly.

In some embodiments, the stator assembly has a recess formed therein, and the magnetic encoder is disposed within the recess.

In some embodiments, the recess includes a side wall and a bottom wall, and the side wall and the bottom wall of the recess are respectively bonded to the magnetic encoder.

In some embodiments, the stator assembly includes a motor shaft, a first end of the motor shaft is inserted into the rotor assembly, and the recess is disposed in the first end face.

In some embodiments, in a mounted state in which the magnetic encoder is mounted to the recess, the magnetic encoder is flush with the first end surface of the motor shaft, or the magnetic encoder is lower than the first end surface of the motor shaft.

In some embodiments, the motor shaft has a hollow formed therein, the recess communicating with the hollow, and the wire of the magnetic encoder is capable of passing through the recess and the hollow.

In some embodiments, the outer edge of the recess is formed with an avoiding surface that encloses a cross-sectional dimension that is greater than a cross-sectional dimension of the recess elsewhere.

In some embodiments, the induction magnet is a radially magnetized cylindrical magnet, the center of the induction magnet coinciding with the center of rotation of the hub.

In some embodiments, the hub has a socket for inserting the motor shaft therein, and a first bearing is disposed between the motor shaft and an inner sidewall of the socket.

In some embodiments, the hub includes a hub body and a hub end cover, the induction magnet is disposed on the hub body, the hub end cover is sleeved on the outer side of the motor shaft, and a second bearing is disposed between the hub end cover and the motor shaft.

In some embodiments, the hub body is removably coupled to the hub end cap.

In some embodiments, the spacing between the magnetic encoder and the induction magnet is between 0.5mm and 3 mm.

A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a vehicle, including a wheel, the wheel is provided with an in-wheel motor as described in any one.

Based on the above, the utility model provides an in-wheel motor and vehicle, through set up magnetic encoder on stator module, the position department relative with magnetic encoder sets up induction magnet on the rotor subassembly, the rotor subassembly rotates and drives induction magnet and rotates, make magnetic encoder sense magnetic field change, thereby learn the position change of rotor subassembly for stator module, this kind of change is continuous, magnetic encoder can real time monitoring rotor subassembly and stator module's relative position signal, when the motor low rotational speed, control to the position is also very accurate, can feed back the rotational speed change accurately, thereby can carry out accurate control to motor speed.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of an in-wheel motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an in-wheel motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an explosion structure diagram of the in-wheel motor according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. "substantially" means within an acceptable error range, and a person skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within a certain error range to substantially achieve the technical effect.

Furthermore, the term "coupled" is intended to include any direct or indirect coupling. Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct connection, or through an indirect connection via other devices.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" is used herein only to describe an association relationship of associated objects, and means that there may be three relationships, for example, a1 and/or B1, which may mean: 50 alone, A1 and B1 simultaneously, and B1 alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

Some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

The hub motor is a technology that power, transmission and braking devices are integrated into a hub, and the hub motor can not only omit a large number of transmission parts, make the vehicle structure simpler, but also realize various complex driving modes. The inventor creatively discovers that the hub motor in the related art can provide signals for the motor, control current input, adjust the rotating speed of the motor and ensure the motor to run smoothly by detecting the relative position of the rotor and the stator through the Hall sensor and amplifying the signals. However, the precision of the hall sensor is limited by the arrangement number of the sensing magnets, the more the sensing magnets are arranged, the higher the hall detection precision is, and the distribution of the sensing magnets is discontinuous, for example, the number of the sensing magnets is 30, the 30 sensing magnets are uniformly arranged along 360 degrees, the minimum detection range of the hall sensor is 12 degrees, and if the rotating speed of the motor is very low, the angle rotated by the motor may not be 12 degrees within a preset time, the hall sensor cannot accurately detect the angle rotated by the rotor, and therefore, the rotating speed of the motor cannot be accurately fed back, and further, the rotating speed of the motor cannot be accurately controlled.

In order to solve the above-mentioned specific technical problem, the utility model provides a following embodiment to improve the accurate nature of in-wheel motor's rotational speed control.

Example one

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of an in-wheel motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an in-wheel motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is an explosion structure diagram of the in-wheel motor provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the hub motor provided in this embodiment includes: a stator assembly 10 and a rotor assembly 20. The rotor assembly 20 comprises a hub 21, at least part of the stator assembly 10 is inserted into at least part of the rotor assembly 20, the magnetic encoder 11 is directly fixed on the stator assembly 10, and the induction magnet 22 is arranged on the rotor assembly 20 opposite to the magnetic encoder 11.

Specifically, the hub motor of this embodiment is preferably an outer rotor motor, and of course, in some other embodiments, the hub motor may also be an inner rotor motor. When the hub motor is an external rotor motor, the rotor assembly 20 is sleeved outside the stator assembly 10, the hub 21 is located outside the stator assembly 10, and at least a portion of the rotor assembly 20 rotates outside the stator assembly 10. When the hub motor is an inner rotor motor, the stator assembly 10 is disposed outside the rotor assembly 20, at least a portion of the rotor assembly 20 rotates in the stator assembly 10, and the hub 21 is fixedly connected to the portion of the rotor assembly 20 inserted into the stator assembly 10, so that the hub 21 rotates along with the portion of the rotor assembly 20 inserted into the stator assembly 10.

Magnetic encoder 11 adopts the change of magnetic resistance or component induction magnetic field, and induction magnet 22 is fixed with wheel hub 21, and wheel hub 21 rotates, drives induction magnet 22 and rotates for the change in the magnetic field of induction magnet 22 that magnetic encoder 11 sensed, and this kind of change can arouse the change of certain resistance or voltage, through output pulse signal or analog signal after the singlechip is handled, thereby reaches the purpose of accurate feedback rotational speed.

In this embodiment, the induction magnet 22 may be a cylindrical magnet magnetized in the radial direction, and the center of the induction magnet 22 may coincide with the rotation center of the hub 21. The radial magnetizing magnet is a cylindrical magnet which is magnetized along the diameter direction, one half of the magnetized magnet is N-level, the other half of the magnetized magnet is S-level, when the hub 21 rotates to drive the induction magnet 22 to rotate, the magnetic encoder 11 can sense the change of the magnetic field direction of the induction magnet 22, and the magnetic encoder 11 can determine the rotating speed of the motor by analyzing the change and the changing speed of the magnetic field direction of the induction magnet 22. And the center of induction magnet 22 coincides with the rotation center of wheel hub 21, can make wheel hub 21 drive induction magnet 22 pivoted in-process, and induction magnet 22's magnetic field direction changes, can accurately reflect wheel hub 21's slew velocity and turned angle directly perceivedly for the singlechip is when changing induction magnet 22's magnetic field change into wheel hub 21's turned angle and turned angle, and calculation and conversion process are the simplest, reduce the operation degree of difficulty.

In the present embodiment, the distance between the magnetic encoder 11 and the induction magnet 22 may be preferably 0.5mm to 3 mm. Through continuous experimental tests, the inventor finds that the distance between the magnetic encoder 11 and the induction magnet 22 is 0.5-3 mm within the allowable magnetic field intensity range, so that the induction between the magnetic encoder 11 and the induction magnet 22 is sensitive, and the compact arrangement structure of the hub motor can be ensured.

Based on the above, the utility model provides an in-wheel motor, through set up magnetic encoder on stator module, the position department relative with magnetic encoder sets up induction magnet on the rotor subassembly, the rotor subassembly rotates and drives induction magnet and rotates, make magnetic encoder sense magnetic field variation, thereby learn the position change of rotor subassembly for stator module, this kind of change is continuous, magnetic encoder can real time monitoring rotor subassembly and stator module's relative position signal, when the motor low rotational speed, control to the position is also very accurate, can feed back the rotational speed change accurately, thereby can carry out accurate control to motor speed.

On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the magnetic encoder 11 may be adhered to the stator assembly 10. The magnetic encoder 11 is directly fixed on the stator assembly 10 in a bonding mode, other adapters or connecting pieces are not needed, the structure is simple, the cost is low, the magnetic encoder 11 is not prone to falling after being fixed, and the fixing mode is reliable.

As for the fixing manner of the magnetic encoder 11, more specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a recess 12 may be formed on the stator assembly 10, and the magnetic encoder 11 may be disposed in the recess 12. The cross-sectional shape of the magnetic encoder 11 may be matched to the cross-sectional shape of the recess 12 so that the side walls of the recess 12 can provide a good stop for the magnetic encoder 11. Through design depressed part 12 on stator module 10, and locate magnetic encoder 11 in depressed part 12, can practice thrift the space to a certain extent, reduce stator module 10's axial length for compact structure, rationally distributed, and depressed part 12 can protect magnetic encoder 11 effectively, prevent that magnetic encoder 11 from being struck by flying stone granule etc. in the clearance between stator module 10 and the rotor subassembly 20 and droing, or influence magnetic encoder 11's life.

For the depressed part 12, the depressed part 12 may include a side wall and a bottom wall, and the side wall and the bottom wall of the depressed part 12 may be bonded to the magnetic encoder 11, respectively, to enlarge the contact fixing area of the depressed part 12 and the magnetic encoder 11, thereby ensuring the stability of the magnetic encoder 11 after connection to the maximum extent.

In the present embodiment, the hub motor is an external rotor motor, and as shown in fig. 2, the stator assembly 10 may include a motor shaft 101, a first end 101a of the motor shaft 101 is inserted into the rotor assembly, and the recess 12 is disposed on an end surface of the first end 101 a. The recess 12 is provided in the end surface of the first end 101a of the motor shaft 101, and the processing is simple. Second end 101b of motor shaft 101 can be used for the axletree coaxial coupling with the vehicle, and is concrete, and motor shaft 101 can be in the same place with the axletree welding to guarantee the stability after connecting, in some other embodiments, motor shaft 101 can be fixed with axletree circumference, but the connection can be dismantled to the axial, the utility model discloses do not do the restriction. The recess 12 may be a groove formed in the end surface of the first end 101a of the motor shaft 101, and the magnetic encoder 11 is directly bonded in the groove without using other intermediate connecting members to fix the magnetic encoder 11.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the magnetic encoder 11 is provided at the first end 101a of the motor shaft 101, and the magnetic encoder 11 may be flush with the end surface of the first end 101a of the motor shaft 101 or the magnetic encoder 11 may be lower than the end surface of the first end 101a of the motor shaft 101 in the mounted state of the magnetic encoder 11 in the recess 12. In this way, the magnetic encoder 11 is not exposed to the end surface of the first end 101a of the motor shaft 101, thereby protecting the magnetic encoder 11 to the maximum extent. It can be understood that, because the distance between the magnetic encoder 11 and the induction magnet 22 is fixed, when the position of the magnetic encoder 11 in the recess 12 is lower, the distance between the stator assembly 10 and the rotor assembly 20 can be closer on the premise of leaving a gap between the stator assembly and the rotor assembly, and thus, the structure can be more compact, the width of the hub 21 can be slightly narrower, and the vehicle structure can be simpler on the premise of ensuring that the strength and performance of the vehicle meet the requirements.

The stator assembly 10 in this embodiment further includes an iron core 102, the iron core 102 may be fixed to an outer side of the motor shaft 101, specifically, the iron core 102 and the motor shaft 101 may be in interference fit, or the iron core 102 and the motor shaft 101 may be clamped or fixedly connected through a fastener, which is not limited in this embodiment.

The rotor assembly 20 includes a hub 21 having a receiving cavity X in the hub 21, and in a mounted state, the core 102 together with the first end 101a of the motor shaft 101 extends into the receiving cavity X of the hub 21, and the core 102 may be in clearance fit with a cavity wall of the receiving cavity X in the hub 21, so that the rotation of the hub 21 does not wear the core 102.

Further, in the present embodiment, the inside of the motor shaft 101 may be formed with a hollow portion 101c, the recess portion 12 may communicate with the hollow portion 101c, and the wire of the magnetic encoder 11 may pass through the recess portion 12 and the hollow portion 101 c. The lead of the magnetic encoder 11 can be led out from the bottom surface of the magnetic encoder 11, and the connection point of the lead of the magnetic encoder 11 is located at the position where the concave part 12 is communicated with the hollow part 101c, so that the lead of the magnetic encoder 11 does not influence the close fit between the magnetic encoder 11 and the concave part 12, and the connection stability between the side wall and the bottom wall of the magnetic encoder 11 and the concave part 12 is ensured.

The recessed portion 12 is communicated with the hollow portion 101c, so that a wire of the magnetic encoder 11 can pass through the recessed portion 12 and the hollow portion 101c without occupying other positions of the stator assembly 10, and the wire passes through the hollow portion 101c, so that the hollow portion 101c limits the wire to a certain extent, the wire is not easy to be wound and damaged, and further the wire does not need to be fixed. Has the advantages of simple structure and effective space saving.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3. Referring to fig. 4, an avoiding surface 121 is formed on the outer edge of the recess 12, and the cross-sectional dimension surrounded by the avoiding surface 121 is larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of other positions of the recess 12. The avoiding surface 121 may be an arc surface or an inclined surface, specifically, the avoiding surface 121 may be an arc surface formed by rounding the outer edge of the recess 12, or the avoiding surface 121 may be an inclined surface formed by rounding the outer edge of the recess 12. Through setting up dodge face 121, can be so that the outward flange of depressed part 12 is smooth on the one hand, reduce the burr to, on the other hand can install in the in-process of depressed part 12 at magnetic encoder 11, dodge magnetic encoder 11, make magnetic encoder 11's installation more convenient, reduce the degree of difficulty of assembly operation.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a socket Y into which the motor shaft 101 is inserted may be provided in the hub 21, and a first bearing 30 may be provided between the motor shaft 101 and an inner sidewall of the socket Y. This insertion groove 21b can be located the central point of wheel hub 21 and puts, through setting up inserting groove Y, through the first bearing 30 of installation in inserting groove Y, can effectively reduce the friction between motor shaft 101 and wheel hub 21 for wheel hub 21 rotates more smoothly, and guarantees motor shaft 101 and wheel hub 21's life.

Further, the inboard at wheel hub 21 can be equipped with the mounting groove 211 that is used for installing induction magnet 22, and is the same, induction magnet 22 can bond in this mounting groove 211, and this mounting groove 211 also can include lateral wall and diapire, and induction magnet 22 can bond fixedly with lateral wall and diapire respectively, from this, guarantees the steadiness of induction magnet 22 installation to the at utmost, and then also guarantees the reliability that motor slew velocity detected.

The mounting groove 211 can be communicated with the insertion groove Y, so that after the motor shaft 101 extends into the accommodating cavity X, no other blocking medium exists between the magnetic encoder 11 on the motor shaft 101 and the induction magnet 22, and the induction sensitivity between the two is good.

The hub 21 includes a hub body 21a and a hub cover 21b, the induction magnet 22 is disposed on the hub body 21a, the hub cover 21b is disposed outside the motor shaft 101, and the second bearing 40 is disposed between the hub cover 21b and the motor shaft 101. In a preferred embodiment, the hub body 21a and the hub cover 21b can be detachably connected, for example, the hub body 21a and the hub cover 21b can be detachably connected through a connector such as a screw, so that mechanical parts and electronic parts in the hub 21 can be replaced or repaired conveniently, the maintenance difficulty is reduced, the replacement of the whole wheel when the hub motor fails is avoided, and the maintenance cost can be effectively reduced.

The induction magnet 22 is arranged on the hub body 21a, the mounting groove 211 can be arranged on the inner side wall of the hub body 21a, the hub end cover 21b can be sleeved on the outer side of the motor shaft 101, and because the hub end cover 21b is fixedly connected with the hub body 21a, when the motor shaft 101 does not rotate, the hub body 21a and the hub end cover 21b rotate, and the hub end cover 21b and the motor shaft 101 are connected through the second bearing 40, therefore, the friction between the hub end cover 21b and the motor shaft 101 is small, and the rotation of the hub 21 is smoother.

Example two

The present embodiment provides a vehicle, the vehicle of the present embodiment may be an automobile, an all-terrain vehicle, an engineering vehicle, and the like, the vehicle of the present embodiment includes wheels, the number of the wheels may be two, three, four, or more, and at least one of the wheels may be provided with the hub motor as provided in the first embodiment above.

Of course, it will be appreciated that each wheel may be driven by an in-wheel motor, thereby simplifying the transmission system, and that the speed and direction of rotation of each wheel may be controlled individually to achieve multiple operating modes of the vehicle with a high degree of flexibility.

It should be noted that the structure and function of the hub motor in this embodiment may be the same as those in the first embodiment, and specific reference may be made to the description of the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present invention, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. An in-wheel motor, comprising: the magnetic encoder is directly fixed on the stator component, and an induction magnet is arranged on the rotor component in a position opposite to the magnetic encoder.

2. The in-wheel motor of claim 1, wherein the magnetic encoder is bonded to the stator assembly.

3. The in-wheel motor of claim 2, wherein the stator assembly has a recess formed therein, the magnetic encoder being disposed within the recess.

4. The in-wheel motor of claim 3, wherein the recess comprises a side wall and a bottom wall, the side wall and the bottom wall of the recess being respectively bonded to the magnetic encoder.

5. The in-wheel motor of claim 3, wherein the stator assembly comprises a motor shaft, a first end of the motor shaft is inserted into the rotor assembly, and the recess is formed in the first end face.

6. The in-wheel motor according to claim 5, wherein the magnetic encoder is flush with or lower than the first end surface of the motor shaft in a mounted state of the magnetic encoder in the recess.

7. The in-wheel motor according to claim 5, wherein a hollow part is formed inside the motor shaft, the recess part is communicated with the hollow part, and a lead wire of the magnetic encoder can pass through the recess part and the hollow part.

8. The in-wheel motor of claim 5, wherein the outer edge of the recess is formed with an avoiding surface, and the avoiding surface defines a cross-sectional dimension larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the recess at other positions.

9. The in-wheel motor of claim 1, wherein the induction magnet is a radially magnetized cylindrical magnet, and a center of the induction magnet coincides with a rotation center of the wheel hub.

10. The in-wheel motor as claimed in claim 5, wherein the hub has a slot for inserting the motor shaft therein, and a first bearing is disposed between the motor shaft and an inner sidewall of the slot.

11. The hub motor of claim 5, wherein the hub comprises a hub body and a hub end cover, the sensing magnet is disposed on the hub body, the hub end cover is sleeved on the outer side of the motor shaft, and a second bearing is disposed between the hub end cover and the motor shaft.

12. The in-wheel motor of claim 11, wherein the hub body is removably coupled to the hub end cap.

13. The in-wheel motor according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the magnetic encoder and the induction magnet is 0.5mm to 3 mm.

14. A vehicle comprising a wheel, wherein the wheel is provided with an in-wheel motor according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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