CN214675666U - Microphone - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a microphone, include shell, acoustoelectric conversion module, impedance transformation module and fall the connector of making an uproar. The sound-electricity conversion module is arranged in the shell; the impedance transformation module is connected with the shell; the noise reduction connector is arranged in the shell, one end of the noise reduction connector is electrically connected with the sound-electricity conversion module, the other end of the noise reduction connector covers the impedance transformation module and is electrically connected with the impedance transformation module, and the noise reduction connector and the impedance transformation module form an electromagnetic shielding cabin. The utility model discloses can reduce the noise inherent of microphone, improve the interference killing feature and the SNR of microphone.

Description

Microphone

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an audio frequency technical field, in particular to microphone.

Background

The electret condenser microphone is an electronic device widely used in sound collecting equipment, and is used for collecting sound waves, converting the sound waves into electric signals, and enabling the sound to be transmitted or stored through a transmission cable or electronic equipment. With the improvement of the process and materials, many performances of the electret condenser microphone are improved, but the electret condenser microphone still has defects in the aspect of anti-interference capability, the signal-to-noise ratio performance still stays at a lower level, and in many application occasions with higher requirements on sound quality, a strict shielding device is required to be arranged to achieve the aim of anti-interference, so that the cost and the complexity of sound collecting equipment are increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses aim at solving one of the technical problem that exists among the prior art at least. Therefore, the utility model provides a microphone can reduce the noise intrinsic of microphone, improves the interference killing feature and the SNR of microphone.

According to the utility model discloses microphone, include:

a housing;

the sound-electricity conversion module is arranged in the shell;

an impedance transformation module connected to the housing;

the noise reduction connector is arranged in the shell, one end of the noise reduction connector is electrically connected with the acoustic-electric conversion module, and the other end of the noise reduction connector covers the impedance transformation module and is electrically connected with the impedance transformation module.

According to the utility model discloses microphone has following beneficial effect at least:

the utility model discloses a microphone includes shell, acoustoelectric conversion module, impedance transformation module and falls the connector of making an uproar. The acoustic-electric conversion module receives acoustic waves and converts the acoustic waves into electric signals. The impedance transformation module is connected with the shell, one end of the noise reduction connector is electrically connected with the sound-electricity conversion module, and the other end of the noise reduction connector covers the elements of the impedance transformation module and is electrically connected with the impedance transformation module. The produced signal of telecommunication of sound electric conversion module can be through falling the connector transmission to impedance transformation module of making an uproar, falls the connector of making an uproar and cover on impedance transformation module's component, falls the connector of making an uproar and constitutes electromagnetic shield cabin with impedance transformation module, plays shielded effect to impedance transformation module's component, can reduce impedance transformation module to external electromagnetic interference signal's reception sensitivity to can reduce the noise inherent of microphone, improve the utility model discloses a SNR and interference killing feature.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the microphone still includes the support, the support set up in the shell and be located acoustoelectric conversion module with between the impedance transformation module, the connector of making an uproar is fallen and is worn to locate the support, acoustoelectric conversion module includes vibrating diaphragm, packing ring and polar plate, the polar plate with the leg joint, the packing ring set up in the vibrating diaphragm with between the polar plate, fall the connector of making an uproar with the polar plate electricity is connected.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the shell with be provided with the steel mesh between the sound electric conversion module, be provided with in the week of vibrating diaphragm and open the membrane ring, the steel mesh with the shell with open the membrane ring and connect.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the impedance transformation module includes the circuit board, the circuit board with the shell is connected, be provided with field effect transistor and first electric conductor on the circuit board, first electric conductor with the grid electricity of field effect transistor is connected, fall the connector of making an uproar with first electric conductor electricity is connected.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the connector of making an uproar includes spring and shield cover, the one end of spring with the polar plate electricity is connected, the other end of spring with the shield cover is connected, the shield cover with first electric conductor electricity is connected, the shield cover in field effect transistor.

According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments, the support is close to the one side of impedance transformation module is provided with the holding tank, be provided with damping fin and foam-rubber cushion in the holding tank, the tank bottom of holding tank the damping fin the foam-rubber cushion with the circuit board connects gradually.

According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments, the holding tank winds the circumference setting of shield cover, the holding tank is in form the spliced pole on the support, be provided with a shielding section of thick bamboo on the spliced pole, be provided with the second electric conductor on the circuit board, a shielding section of thick bamboo passes through the second electric conductor with the circuit board electricity is connected, the shield cover set up in the shielding section of thick bamboo.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the second electrical conductor is electrically connected to a source electrode of the field effect transistor.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the second electrical conductor and the source of the field effect transistor are electrically connected to the ground line of the circuit board.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is an exploded schematic view of a microphone according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a microphone according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an exploded schematic view of a microphone according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an exploded schematic view of a microphone according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a microphone according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a microphone according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, if there are first and second descriptions for distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the precedence of the indicated technical features.

In the description of the present invention, unless there is an explicit limitation, the words such as setting, installation, connection, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above words in combination with the specific contents of the technical solution.

The microphone of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a microphone including a case 100, a bracket 200, an acoustic-electric conversion module 300, an impedance transformation module 400, and a noise reduction connector 500. A sound inlet 110 is provided in the bottom surface of the cylindrical casing 100, and the impedance conversion module 400 is connected to the casing 100 to form a housing chamber. The bracket 200 is arranged in the accommodating cavity, the side surface of the bracket 200 is connected with the side wall of the casing 100 to play the roles of filling the accommodating cavity and supporting the sound-electricity conversion module 300, one surface of the bracket 200 far away from the sound inlet 110 is connected with the impedance transformation module 400, and one surface of the bracket 200 close to the sound inlet 110 forms a sound cavity with the casing 100. The sound-electricity conversion module 300 is disposed in the sound cavity, and the sound-electricity conversion module 300 is connected to the side wall of the casing 100 and a surface of the support 200 near the sound inlet 110. The axial line of the bracket 200 is provided with a through hole 210 penetrating through the bracket 200, the noise reduction connector 500 is arranged through the through hole 210, one end of the noise reduction connector 500 is electrically connected with the sound-electricity conversion module 300, the other end of the noise reduction connector 500 covers the elements of the impedance conversion module 400 and is electrically connected with the impedance conversion module 400, an electric signal generated by the sound-electricity conversion module 300 can be transmitted to the impedance conversion module 400 through the noise reduction connector 500, the noise reduction connector 500 covers the elements on the impedance conversion module 400, the noise reduction connector 500 and the impedance conversion module 400 form an electromagnetic shielding cabin, the electromagnetic shielding cabin plays a role in shielding the elements of the impedance conversion module 400, the receiving sensitivity of the impedance conversion module 400 to external electromagnetic interference signals can be reduced, the inherent noise of the microphone can be reduced, and the signal to noise ratio and the anti-interference capability of the microphone can be improved.

Further, the acoustic-electric conversion module 300 includes a diaphragm 310, a gasket 320, and a pole plate 330. One side of the pole plate 330 is connected with the support 200, one side of the gasket 320 is connected with the side of the pole plate 330 far from the support 200, a tension ring 311 is arranged in the circumferential direction of the diaphragm 310, the tension ring 311 is connected with the side wall of the shell 100, one side of the tension ring 311 is connected with the side of the gasket 320 far from the pole plate 330, the gasket 320 is made of insulating materials, the diaphragm 310 is separated from the pole plate 330, an insulating medium layer (thin flow layer) made of air is formed between the diaphragm 310 and the pole plate 330, the diaphragm 310 and the pole plate 330 form a transduction capacitor with constant charge and changeable capacitance, when the diaphragm 310 is vibrated by sound waves, the capacitance value of the transduction capacitor is changed, an electric field between the diaphragm 310 and the pole plate 330 is changed, and accordingly, alternating voltage changing along with the sound waves is generated, and transduction is realized. The noise reduction connector 500 is electrically connected to the electrode plate 330, and the alternating voltage is output to the impedance transformation module 400 through the noise reduction connector 500. It should be noted that the case 100 is made of a conductive material, the diaphragm 310 is electrically connected to the case 100 through the tension ring 311, the case 100 is electrically connected to the ground of the impedance transformation module 400, and the alternating voltage generated between the diaphragm 310 and the pole plate 330 is output to the components of the impedance transformation module 400 through the case 100 and the noise reduction connector 500. The noise reduction connector 500 covering the components of the impedance transformation module 400 is used for transmitting alternating voltage, so that the interference of an external electromagnetic field on the components of the impedance transformation module 400 is reduced under the condition of not weakening useful signals, the inherent noise of the microphone is reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratio and the anti-interference capability of the microphone are improved. In addition, the conductive material mentioned in this embodiment may be a metal or graphite, and the insulating material may be a plastic, rubber, silica gel, or ceramic, and this embodiment is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and is not limited thereto.

It should be further noted that the transduction capacitor may be polarized by the back electrode of the polar plate 330 or the diaphragm polarization of the diaphragm 310; in addition, the microphone of the embodiment of the utility model provides a both can be the differential pressure type microphone, also can be pressure type microphone. The present embodiment is only exemplary and not limiting of the implementation of the transducing capacitance and the acoustic principle of the microphone.

Further, a steel mesh 600 is further disposed in the accommodating cavity between the casing 100 and the sound-electricity conversion module 300, one surface of the steel mesh 600 is connected to the bottom of the casing 100, and the other surface of the steel mesh 600 is connected to the tension ring 311 of the diaphragm 310. The meshes of the steel mesh 600 are communicated with the sound inlet holes 110, and sound waves can enter the sound cavity from the meshes of the steel mesh 600 and the sound inlet holes 110 to vibrate the diaphragm 310. The steel mesh 600 plays a dustproof role on the one hand, prevents dust from entering the sound cavity from the sound inlet 110, reduces the mechanical performance of the diaphragm 310, and also plays a shielding role on the other hand, prevents the acoustoelectric conversion module 300 from being interfered by an external electromagnetic field, and further improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the embodiment.

Further, the impedance transformation module 400 includes a circuit board 410, the circuit board 410 is connected with the casing 100 to form a receiving cavity, and a ground line on the circuit board 410 is electrically connected with the casing 100, so that the alternating voltage generated by the acoustic-electric conversion module 300 can be applied to the components of the impedance transformation module 400. The circuit board 410 is provided with a field effect tube 411 and a first conductor 412, in the embodiment, the first conductor 412 is composed of a first copper foil exposed on the surface of the circuit board 410, the first conductor 412 is electrically connected with the grid of the field effect tube 411 and is arranged around the circumference of the field effect tube 411, the cross-sectional shape of one end of the noise reduction connector 500 electrically connected with the first conductor 412 is the same as that of the first conductor 412, so that the noise reduction connector 500 and the first conductor 412 can be in full contact and the shielding effect of the noise reduction connector 500 on the field effect tube 411 is enhanced. It should be noted that the first conductor 412 may also be a conductive connector such as a spring, a clip, a conductive foam, a socket, or a conductive groove soldered on the circuit board 410 and electrically connected to the gate of the fet 411.

Further, the noise reduction connector 500 includes a spring 510 and a shielding cover 520, the shielding cover 520 is cylindrical, one end of the spring 510 is connected to the pole plate 330, the other end of the spring 510 is connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the shielding cover 520, one end of the shielding cover 520 close to the cover opening is connected to the first conductor 412, the pole plate 330 is electrically connected to the gate of the fet 411 through the spring 510 and the shielding cover 520, and the field effect transistor 411 is covered by the shielding cover 520 in an electromagnetic shielding chamber formed by the shielding cover 520 and the circuit board 410 (in this embodiment, the circuit board 410 is a double-layer circuit board, and a shielding region formed by a copper foil is disposed on a layer of the circuit board 410 far from the fet). The spring 510 and the shielding case 520 are fixed in the through hole 210 of the bracket 200, and the pole plate 330 of the acoustic-electric conversion module 300 can be electrically connected with the circuit board 410 of the impedance conversion module 400 only by sequentially attaching the acoustic-electric conversion module 300, the bracket 200 and the impedance conversion module 400 together, so that welding is not required, assembly is easy, and the acoustic-electric conversion module is suitable for production of automatic equipment and can improve production efficiency.

Further, an annular receiving groove 220 is formed at a side of the bracket 200 adjacent to the impedance transformation module 400, and a damper 700 and a sponge pad 800 are disposed in the receiving groove 220. The tank bottom of holding tank 220 and the one side butt of damping fin 700, the one side that damping fin 700 kept away from the tank bottom of holding tank 220 and the one side butt of foam-rubber cushion 800, and foam-rubber cushion 800 keeps away from the one side of damping fin 700 and contacts with circuit board 410. The packaged microphone is supported by the sponge cushion 800, the damping sheet 700 is reliably attached to the support 200, and the consistency of product quality is guaranteed.

Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, another embodiment of the present invention provides a microphone, on the basis of the above embodiment, the receiving groove 220 is disposed around the circumference of the through hole 210, the connecting column 230 is formed on the side of the bracket 200 close to the circuit board 410, the shielding cylinder 530 is disposed around the circumference of the connecting column 230, the inner wall of the shielding cylinder 530 is tightly connected to the outer wall of the connecting column 230, and the shielding cover 520 is disposed inside the shielding cylinder 530. A second conductor 413 is provided on the circuit board 410, and the second conductor 413 is electrically connected to the source of the field effect transistor 411. The second conductor 413 is a second copper foil exposed on the surface of the circuit board 410, the shape of the second copper foil is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the shielding cylinder 530, the shielding cylinder 530 is connected with the second conductor 413, and the shielding cylinder 530 is electrically connected with the source of the fet 411 through the second conductor 413. When the microphone is interfered by an electromagnetic field, an interference signal is coupled to the noise reduction connector 500 and the shielding cylinder 530, the same interference voltage is generated on the gate and the source of the field effect tube 411, the field effect tube 411 cannot be opened by the interference voltage applied to the gate and the source, and the field effect tube 411 is maintained in a cut-off state, so that the interference signal cannot trigger the impedance transformation module 400 to output an effective electric signal to a next-stage receiving circuit, and thus, the shielding cylinder 530 further enhances the anti-interference capability of the embodiment and can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the microphone. It should be further noted that in this embodiment, a first source pad 911, a first drain pad 912, and a first ground pad 913 are disposed on a side of the circuit board 410 away from the bracket 200, where the first source pad 911 is electrically connected to the source of the fet 411, the first source pad 911 is used to connect one pin of the first external resistor 921 and one pin of the first dc blocking capacitor 922, another pin of the first dc blocking capacitor 922 is electrically connected to a lower-stage receiving circuit, the first ground pad 913 is electrically connected to the ground line of the circuit board 410, the first ground pad 913 is used to connect another pin of the first external resistor 921, the first drain pad 912 is electrically connected to the drain of the fet 411, and the first drain pad 912 is used to connect a power supply; in addition, the second conductor 413 may also be a conductive connector such as a spring, a clip, a conductive foam, a socket, or a conductive groove soldered on the circuit board 410 and electrically connected to the source of the fet 411.

Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 6, another embodiment of the present invention provides a microphone including a case 100, a support 200, an acousto-electric conversion module 300, an impedance transformation module 400 and a noise reduction connector 500. The impedance transformation module 400 comprises a circuit board 410, a field effect transistor 411 is arranged on the circuit board 410, the circuit board 410 is connected with the shell 100 to form an accommodating cavity, the acoustic-electric conversion module 300, the noise reduction connector 500 and the bracket 200 are arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the acoustic-electric conversion module 300 and the impedance transformation module 400 are respectively arranged on two sides of the bracket 200; the sound-electricity conversion module 300 comprises a vibrating diaphragm 310, a gasket 320 and a polar plate 330, the noise reduction connector 500 comprises a spring 510 and a shielding cover 520, a through hole 210 is arranged on the support 200, the spring 510 and the shielding cover 520 penetrate through the through hole 210, the polar plate 330 is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the field effect tube 411 through the spring 510 and the shielding cover 520, the shielding cover 520 covers the field effect tube 411, and the vibrating diaphragm 310 is electrically connected with the ground wire of the circuit board 410 through the shell 100. An annular accommodating groove 220 is formed in one side, close to the impedance transformation module 400, of the support 200, the accommodating groove 220 is arranged in the circumferential direction around the shielding case 520, the accommodating groove 220 forms the connecting column 230 on the support 200, the shielding cylinder 530 is arranged on the connecting column 230, the inner wall of the shielding cylinder 530 is tightly connected with the outer wall of the connecting column 230, and the shielding case 520 is arranged in the shielding cylinder 530.

The circuit board 410 is provided with a second conductor 413, the second conductor 413 is electrically connected with the source of the field effect transistor 411 and the ground of the circuit board 410, specifically, the second conductor 413 is a second copper foil exposed on the surface of the circuit board 410, the shape of the second copper foil is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the shielding cylinder 530, the shielding cylinder 530 is connected with the second conductor 413, and the shielding cylinder 530 is electrically connected with the source of the field effect transistor 411 and the ground of the circuit board 410 through the second conductor 413, so that the shielding cylinder 530 can couple interference signals into the ground of the circuit board 410, thereby eliminating common mode interference, further enhancing the anti-interference capability of the embodiment, and effectively improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the microphone. It should be further noted that, in this embodiment, a second drain pad 914 and a second ground pad 915 are disposed on a side of the circuit board 410 away from the support 200, the second drain pad 914 is used to connect one pin of a second external resistor 931 and one pin of a second blocking capacitor 932, another pin of the second blocking capacitor 932 is electrically connected to a lower-stage receiving circuit, and another pin of the second external resistor 931 is connected to a power supply; in addition, the second conductor 413 may also be a conductive connector such as a spring, a clip, a conductive foam, a socket, or a conductive groove soldered on the circuit board 410 and electrically connected to the source of the fet 411 and the ground of the circuit board 410.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. A microphone, comprising:

a housing;

the sound-electricity conversion module is arranged in the shell;

an impedance transformation module connected to the housing;

the noise reduction connector is arranged in the shell, one end of the noise reduction connector is electrically connected with the acoustic-electric conversion module, and the other end of the noise reduction connector covers the impedance transformation module and is electrically connected with the impedance transformation module.

2. The microphone of claim 1, further comprising a support disposed within the housing and between the acoustic-to-electrical conversion module and the impedance transformation module, wherein the noise reduction connector is disposed through the support, wherein the acoustic-to-electrical conversion module comprises a diaphragm, a gasket, and a pole plate, wherein the pole plate is connected to the support, the gasket is disposed between the diaphragm and the pole plate, and the noise reduction connector is electrically connected to the pole plate.

3. The microphone of claim 2, wherein a steel mesh is disposed between the housing and the acousto-electric conversion module, a tension membrane ring is disposed on the circumference of the diaphragm, and the steel mesh is connected to the housing and the tension membrane ring.

4. The microphone of claim 2, wherein the impedance conversion module comprises a circuit board, the circuit board is connected to the housing, a field effect transistor and a first conductor are disposed on the circuit board, the first conductor is electrically connected to a gate of the field effect transistor, and the noise reduction connector is electrically connected to the first conductor.

5. The microphone of claim 4 wherein the noise reduction connector comprises a spring and a shield, one end of the spring is electrically connected to the pole plate, the other end of the spring is connected to the shield, the shield is electrically connected to the first conductor, and the shield covers the FET.

6. The microphone of claim 5, wherein a receiving groove is formed in a surface of the bracket close to the impedance conversion module, a damping fin and a foam rubber pad are arranged in the receiving groove, and a groove bottom of the receiving groove, the damping fin, the foam rubber pad and the circuit board are connected in sequence.

7. The microphone of claim 6, wherein the receiving groove is disposed around a circumference of the shield case, the receiving groove forms a connecting post on the holder, a shield cylinder is disposed on the connecting post, a second conductive body is disposed on the circuit board, the shield cylinder is electrically connected to the circuit board through the second conductive body, and the shield case is disposed in the shield cylinder.

8. The microphone of claim 7 wherein the second electrical conductor is electrically connected to the source of the field effect transistor.

9. The microphone of claim 7 wherein the second electrical conductor and the source of the field effect transistor are electrically connected to a ground of the circuit board.

10. The microphone of claim 1 wherein the microphone is a diaphragm electret, back electret, pressure differential or pressure electret microphone.

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