CN214671380U - Operation training model and weight-reducing metabolism operation training model - Google Patents
Operation training model and weight-reducing metabolism operation training model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of surgical operations, and discloses an operation training model and a weight-reducing metabolic operation model, which comprise a model body for simulating human organs, wherein the model body is provided with an invisible mark for marking an operation position; the invisible mark is invisible to the naked eye and can be identified by corresponding auxiliary means. The invisible mark marks the cutting position, so that the cutting position of the trainee on the model body can be compared with the displayed invisible mark in the simulated operation process, and the trainee can accurately position the cutting position in the operation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surgical operations, in particular to an operation training model and a weight-reducing metabolism operation model.
Background
The operation refers to the treatment of excision, suturing, etc. of the body of a patient by a doctor with medical instruments. The purpose is to cure or diagnose diseases, such as removing pathological tissues, repairing injuries, transplanting organs, improving the functions and the forms of organisms and the like.
The weight-reducing metabolic operation mainly adopts a minimally invasive surgical technique to perform gastrointestinal operation, limit food intake and nutrient absorption, and further realize weight reduction and metabolic function improvement. At present, weight loss metabolic surgery includes gastric sleeve surgery, gastric bypass surgery, etc., and the steps of gastric bypass surgery in the prior art mainly include: 1. separating the top of the stomach and other parts of the stomach to make a small stomach pouch, approximately one egg in size; 2. then, the small intestine is separated, and the bottom end of the small intestine after being separated is lifted and connected to a newly made small stomach pouch; 3. finally, the upper part of the divided small intestine is connected to the lower small intestine, so that the gastric acid and digestive enzymes from the bypass stomach and the first part of the small intestine will eventually be mixed with food; 4. the anastomosis is good, and no leakage is detected by injecting physiological saline.
Currently, laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery for weight loss has become the surgeon's first choice worldwide, naturally resulting in the need for training in the procedure. At present, in the gastric bypass surgery, the top of the stomach and the small intestine need to be cut and separated rapidly under a laparoscope, so that the accurate positioning of the cutting position is very important in the surgery process; at present, most operation training is trained with independent model to the training person that the level differs, for the authenticity of simulation operation, cuts the model usually, leads to the model to damage, and unable used repeatedly makes the consumptive material of model serious, and the training cost is high, and the popularization degree of difficulty is great.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at certain defect or defects in the prior art, the invention provides an operation training model, a weight-reducing metabolism operation training model and a training method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions.
The operation training model comprises a model body for simulating a human organ, wherein the model body is provided with an invisible mark for marking an operation position; the invisible mark is invisible to the naked eye and can be identified by corresponding auxiliary means.
The invisible mark marks the cutting position, so that the cutting position of the trainee on the model body can be compared with the displayed invisible mark in the simulated operation process, and the trainee can accurately position the cutting position in the operation process.
Preferably, the covert marking is a fluorescent marking invisible to the naked eye, which is identifiable under specific light, preferably revealing the covert marking.
Preferably, the number of the model bodies is at least one, and all the model bodies are used for respectively and sequentially simulating the shapes of the human organs in different steps in the actual operation; the model body corresponding to any step of the actual operation adopts invisible marks to mark the operation positions required by the step, and the model body is provided with operation marks for simulating operation actions performed by all steps before the step.
Through the structure of the invention, the trainee can train each step of the surgical process independently, so that the trainee can accurately position the cutting position in each step in the surgical process.
The invention also provides a weight-reducing metabolic surgery training model which comprises a gastrointestinal model for simulating the gastrointestinal organs of a human body, wherein the gastrointestinal model is provided with an invisible mark for marking the surgery position.
The invisible mark marks the position to be cut in the process of the weight-reducing metabolic surgery, so that the cutting position of the trainee on the gastrointestinal model can be compared with the displayed invisible mark, and the trainee can accurately position the cutting position in the surgery process.
Preferably, the gastrointestinal model comprises a first model, a second model and a third model;
the first model is used for simulating the state of the gastrointestinal organ of the human body in the first step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, and a first invisible mark is arranged at the position, corresponding to the operation position in the first step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, of the first model;
the second model is used for simulating the state of the gastrointestinal organ of the human body in the second step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, a second invisible mark is arranged at the position, corresponding to the operation position in the second step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, of the second model, and a first operation mark is formed at the position, corresponding to the operation position in the first step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, of the second model;
the third model is used for simulating the state of the gastrointestinal organ of the human body in the third step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, a third invisible mark is arranged at the position, corresponding to the operation position in the third step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, of the third model, a second operation mark is formed at the position, corresponding to the operation position in the first step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, of the third model, and a third operation mark is formed at the position, corresponding to the operation position in the second step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, of the third model.
The cutting steps in the gastric bypass surgery are simulated through the first model, the second model and the third model respectively, so that the authenticity of the trainee in simulating the gastric bypass surgery is guaranteed.
Preferably, the first model, the second model and the third model are all provided at the base plate by corresponding free tissue models.
Through the arrangement of the free tissue model and the bottom plate, the gastrointestinal model can better simulate real gastrointestinal and ensure the training authenticity of trainees.
Preferably, the gastrointestinal model further comprises an anastomosis model, wherein the anastomosis model comprises a first anastomosis model, a second anastomosis model and a third anastomosis model;
the first anastomosis model is used for simulating the shape of a small top stomach pouch formed after a first step and a second step in an actual weight-loss metabolic surgery, and is provided with a first anastomosis part;
the second anastomosis model is used for simulating the shape of a large stomach pouch formed after the first step to the third step in the actual weight-loss metabolic surgery, and is provided with a second anastomosis part;
the third anastomosis model is used for simulating the shape of the small intestine section formed after the first step to the third step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic surgery, and the third anastomosis model is provided with a third anastomosis part.
Preferably, the first anastomosis portion, the second anastomosis portion and the third anastomosis portion are replaceably disposed at the first anastomosis model, the second anastomosis model and the third anastomosis model, respectively, so as to make the anastomosis models more durable.
The invention also provides a training method based on the weight-reducing metabolic surgery training model, wherein when training is carried out, a training person operates the gastrointestinal model by using an actual surgical instrument to simulate an actual surgical operation, only carries out clamping operation on a surgical position and does not cut the surgical position, and after the clamping operation is finished, whether the clamped position reaches an invisible mark position is identified by using a corresponding auxiliary means.
According to the method, a trainee utilizes the surgical instrument to clamp the gastrointestinal model and then compares the gastrointestinal model with the position of the displayed invisible mark to simulate the surgical process, so that the trainee can accurately position the cutting position in the surgical process; meanwhile, as the surgical instrument does not really cut the gastrointestinal model, the model can be reused, and the consumption of consumables is reduced.
Preferably, the first model, the second model, the third model and the anastomosis model are used for training the first step, the second step, the third step and the anastomosis step in the actual operation, and a free tissue model is used for training the tissue dissociation step in the actual operation.
The method of the present invention simulates each step of a real gastric bypass surgery, ensuring the authenticity of the trainee in making the cut.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a gastrointestinal model in example 2;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first model in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second model in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a third model in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first anastomosis model according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second anastomosis model according to embodiment 2;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a third anastomosis model according to embodiment 2.
The names of the parts indicated by the numerical references in the drawings are as follows: 100. a gastrointestinal model; 110. a base plate; 200. a first model; 201. a first invisible mark; 300. a second model; 301. a first surgical marker; 302. a second invisible mark; 400. a third model; 401. a second surgical marker; 402. a third surgical marker; 403. a third invisible mark; 510. a first anastomosis model; 511. a first anastomosis portion; 520. a second anastomosis model; 521. a second anastomosis portion; 530. a third anastomosis model; 531. and a third anastomosis portion.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the examples are illustrative of the invention and not limiting.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an operation training model, which comprises a model body for simulating a human organ, wherein the model body is provided with an invisible mark for marking an operation position; the invisible mark is invisible to the naked eye and can be identified by corresponding auxiliary means.
In this embodiment, through the stealthy mark that sets up the cutting position on the model body for in the simulation operation process, the cutting position of trainee on the model body can contrast with stealthy mark position, thereby makes the trainee can pinpoint the cutting position in the operation process.
Currently, the importance of surgical training is being emphasized more and more low-cost surgeons can grow through surgical training, but the costs (manpower, materials, time) of surgical training are higher at present. Through the model in the embodiment, when the specific training is carried out, the clamping state of the surgical instrument can be kept after the surgical instrument reaches the surgical position, and the next cutting action is not carried out, so that the model body can not be damaged, the model body can be preferably recycled, and the cost of the surgical training can be preferably reduced. In addition, due to the arrangement of the invisible marks, the invisible marks cannot be seen by naked eyes in the training process, so that interference to a trainer cannot be caused; after the training operation is finished, the invisible mark can be displayed in a specific environment, so that the training result can be judged by comparing the clamping position of the surgical instrument of the trainer with the invisible mark, and a better training effect can be achieved.
In this embodiment, the invisible mark is a fluorescent mark invisible to the naked eye, and the fluorescent mark can be identified under a specific light, preferably, the invisible mark is visualized and identified. Therefore, the method is simple to realize and low in cost.
It will be appreciated that although fluorescent labels are used in this embodiment, this is only one preferred embodiment. In addition to fluorescent labels, labels formed of other materials known in the art, such as light sensitive, temperature sensitive, etc., may be used.
In the embodiment, the number of the model bodies is at least one, and all the model bodies are used for respectively and sequentially simulating the shapes of the human organs in different steps in the actual operation; the model body corresponding to any step of the actual operation adopts invisible marks to mark the operation positions required by the step, and the model body is provided with operation marks for simulating operation actions performed by all steps before the step.
Through the structure in the embodiment, the trainee can train each step of the surgical process independently, so that the trainee can accurately position the cutting position of each step in the surgical process.
In addition, through the structure, the shape of the human body organ in the current step can be simulated to the maximum extent in the training process, so that the training effect can be improved better.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a weight-loss metabolic surgery training model, which comprises a gastrointestinal model 100 for simulating a human gastrointestinal organ, wherein invisible marks for marking a surgery position are arranged at the gastrointestinal model 100.
In the embodiment, the position needing to be cut in the process of the weight-reducing metabolic surgery is marked by the invisible mark, so that the cutting position of the trainee on the gastrointestinal model can be compared with the displayed invisible mark, and the trainee can accurately position the cutting position in the surgery process.
Currently, laparoscopic RYGB (gastric bypass surgery) for weight loss has become the surgeon's first choice worldwide. However, RYGB is difficult and the procedure is very challenging and the surgeon's experience in the procedure is relatively limited. The operation process comprises various high-difficulty methods such as selection of puncture hole positions, dissociation of tissues under a laparoscope, treatment of blood vessels, use of a stapler under the laparoscope, anastomotic reconstruction of gastrointestinal tracts and the like. Although there are methods for training by using a 3D printing model, they all use independent training models, which are not recyclable, and therefore, are expensive and difficult to be universally applied.
Through the gastrointestinal model 100 in the embodiment, the surgical training can be completed without destroying the model, so the cost is greatly reduced.
In this embodiment, the gastrointestinal model 100 includes a first model 200, a second model 300, and a third model 400;
the first model 200 is used for simulating the state of the gastrointestinal organ of the human body at the first step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, and the operation position of the first model 200, which corresponds to the first step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, is provided with a first invisible mark 201;
the second model 300 is used for simulating the state of the gastrointestinal organ of the human body in the second step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, a second invisible mark 302 is arranged at the position of the second model 300, corresponding to the operation position in the second step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, and a first operation mark 301 is formed at the position of the second model 300, corresponding to the operation position in the first step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation;
the third model 400 is used for simulating the state of the gastrointestinal organ of the human body in the third step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, a third invisible mark 403 is arranged at the position of the third model 400 corresponding to the operation position in the third step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, a second operation mark 401 is formed at the position of the third model 400 corresponding to the operation position in the first step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, and a third operation mark 402 is formed at the position of the third model 400 corresponding to the operation position in the second step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation.
By the configuration in the present embodiment, the first model 200, the second model 300 and the third model 400 are enabled to preferably simulate the cutting step in the gastric bypass surgery, respectively, and the trainee is guaranteed to simulate the reality of the gastric bypass surgery.
In the actual RYGB process, the following steps are mainly performed: (1) separating the top of the stomach and other parts of the stomach to make a small stomach pouch, approximately one egg in size; (2) then, the small intestine is separated, and the bottom end of the small intestine after being separated is lifted and connected to a newly made small stomach pouch; (3) finally, the upper part of the divided small intestine is connected to the lower small intestine, so that the gastric acid and digestive enzymes from the bypass stomach and the first part of the small intestine will eventually be mixed with food.
In this embodiment, the first model 200, the second model 300, and the third model 400 can be used to perform simulation training on real RYGB, and thus can achieve a better training effect.
In this embodiment, the first mold 200, the second mold 300, and the third mold 400 are provided at the base plate 110 through the corresponding free tissue models.
Through the free tissue model and the arrangement of the base plate 110 in the embodiment, the gastrointestinal model 100 can better simulate the real gastrointestinal tract, and the training authenticity of the trainee is ensured.
In the actual RYGB procedure, the free tissue of the human body needs to be treated before the stomach and intestine are separated; in this embodiment, the step can be preferably simulated by setting a free tissue model. The free tissue model can be a sponge sheet having a certain thickness, and the sponge sheet can be arranged between the bottom plate 110 and the first model 200, the second model 300 and/or the third model 400 by bonding, so that the free tissue model can be preferably replaced, and the training cost can be further reduced due to the low manufacturing cost of the sponge sheet.
In this embodiment, gastrointestinal model 100 further comprises an anastomosis model comprising a first anastomosis model 510, a second anastomosis model 520 and a third anastomosis model 530;
the first anastomosis model 510 is used for simulating the shape of a small top stomach pouch formed after the first step and the second step in the actual weight loss metabolic surgery, and the first anastomosis model 510 is provided with a first anastomosis portion 511;
the second anastomosis model 520 is used for simulating the shape of a large stomach pouch formed after the first step to the third step in the actual weight-loss metabolic surgery, and the second anastomosis model 520 is provided with a second anastomosis part 521;
the third anastomosis model 530 is used to simulate the shape of the small intestine section formed after the first to third steps in the actual weight loss metabolic surgery, and the third anastomosis model 530 has a third anastomosis portion 531.
In this embodiment, the first anastomosis portion 511, the second anastomosis portion 521 and the third anastomosis portion 531 are replaceably disposed at the first anastomosis model 510, the second anastomosis model 520 and the third anastomosis model 530, respectively, so as to make the anastomosis models more durable.
In the present embodiment, the first anastomosis model 510, the second anastomosis model 520 and the third anastomosis model 530 are separately provided, so that the anastomosis steps in the actual RYGB process can be preferably simulated, and since the first anastomosis portion 511, the second anastomosis portion 521 and the third anastomosis portion 531 are all replaceable, only the first anastomosis portion 511, the second anastomosis portion 521 and the third anastomosis portion 531 can be replaced after the first anastomosis portion 511, the second anastomosis portion 521 and the third anastomosis portion 531 are broken due to training, so that the training cost can be preferably reduced.
The embodiment also provides a training method based on the weight-reducing metabolic surgery training model, when training is carried out, a training person operates the gastrointestinal model 100 by using an actual surgical instrument to simulate an actual surgical operation, only carries out clamping operation on a surgical position and does not cut the surgical position when the operation is carried out, and after the clamping operation is finished, whether the clamped position reaches an invisible mark position is identified by using a corresponding auxiliary means.
By the method in the embodiment, the trainee utilizes the surgical instrument to clamp the gastrointestinal model 100 and then compares the gastrointestinal model with the position of the displayed invisible mark to simulate the surgical process, so that the trainee can accurately position the cutting position in the surgical process; meanwhile, as the surgical instrument does not really cut the gastrointestinal model 100, the model can be reused, and the consumption of consumables is reduced.
In this embodiment, the first model 200, the second model 300, the third model 400 and the anastomosis model are used to train the first step, the second step, the third step and the anastomosis step in the actual operation, and a free tissue model is used to train the tissue dissociation step in the actual operation.
By the method of this embodiment, each step of a real gastric bypass procedure is simulated, ensuring the authenticity of the trainee's cut.
In summary, the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The operation training model is characterized in that: comprises a model body for simulating a human organ, wherein the model body is provided with an invisible mark for marking an operation position; the invisible mark is invisible to the naked eye and can be identified by corresponding auxiliary means.
2. The surgical training model of claim 1, wherein: the invisible mark is a fluorescent mark which is invisible to the naked eye and can be identified under specific light.
3. The surgical training model of claim 1, wherein: the number of the model bodies is at least one, and all the model bodies are used for respectively and sequentially simulating the shapes of human organs in different steps in an actual operation; the model body corresponding to any step of the actual operation adopts invisible marks to mark the operation positions required by the step, and the model body is provided with operation marks for simulating operation actions performed by all steps before the step.
4. A weight-loss metabolic surgery training model is characterized in that: comprises a gastrointestinal model (100) for simulating a human gastrointestinal organ, wherein the gastrointestinal model (100) is provided with an invisible mark for marking a surgical position.
5. The weight-loss metabolic surgery training model of claim 4, wherein: the gastrointestinal model (100) comprises a first model (200), a second model (300) and a third model (400);
the first model (200) is used for simulating the state of the gastrointestinal organ of the human body at the first step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, and a first invisible mark (201) is arranged at the position, corresponding to the operation position of the first step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, of the first model (200);
the second model (300) is used for simulating the state of the gastrointestinal organ of the human body in the second step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, a second invisible mark (302) is arranged at the operation position of the second step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation of the second model (300), and a first operation mark (301) is formed at the operation position of the first step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation of the second model (300);
the third model (400) is used for simulating the state of the gastrointestinal organ of the human body in the third step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, a third invisible mark (403) is arranged at the position, corresponding to the operation position in the third step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, of the third model (400), a second operation mark (401) is formed at the position, corresponding to the operation position in the first step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation, of the third model (400), and a third operation mark (402) is formed at the position, corresponding to the operation position in the second step of the actual weight-reducing metabolic operation.
6. The weight-loss metabolic surgery training model of claim 5, wherein: the first model (200), the second model (300) and the third model (400) are all arranged at the bottom plate (110) through corresponding free tissue models.
7. The weight-loss metabolic surgery training model of claim 5, wherein: the gastrointestinal model (100) further comprises an anastomosis model comprising a first anastomosis model (510), a second anastomosis model (520) and a third anastomosis model (530);
a first anastomosis model (510) for simulating the morphology of the small top stomach pouch formed after the first and second steps of the actual weight loss metabolic surgery, the first anastomosis model (510) having a first anastomosis portion (511);
the second anastomosis model (520) is used for simulating the shape of a large stomach pouch formed after the first step to the third step in the actual weight-loss metabolic surgery, and the second anastomosis model (520) is provided with a second anastomosis part (521);
the third anastomosis model (530) is used for simulating the shape of the small intestine section formed after the first step to the third step in the actual weight-reducing metabolic surgery, and the third anastomosis model (530) is provided with a third anastomosis part (531).
8. The weight-loss metabolic surgery training model of claim 7, wherein: the first anastomosis portion (511), the second anastomosis portion (521) and the third anastomosis portion (531) are replaceably provided at the first anastomosis model (510), the second anastomosis model (520) and the third anastomosis model (530), respectively.
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| CN113160676A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-07-23 | 浙江省人民医院 | Operation training model, weight-reducing metabolism operation training model and training method |
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