CN214668380U - Capillary viscometer suitable for measuring polymer solution viscosity at high temperature and low shear rate - Google Patents
Capillary viscometer suitable for measuring polymer solution viscosity at high temperature and low shear rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a capillary viscosimeter suitable for measure polymer solution viscosity under high temperature low shear rate, including constant flow pump, intermediate container, preheater tube, capillary, constant temperature oil bath pot, pressure sensor, pressure differential display, backpressure valve, backpressure container, backpressure pump, collector and data acquisition system. The constant flow pump is capable of injecting a polymer solution into a capillary at a constant injection rate; the oil bath pan is provided with a low-temperature circulating system for accurately controlling the temperature of the capillary tube and the temperature of the preheating tube; the back pressure valve is arranged at the outlet end of the capillary tube and is used for providing back pressure of the capillary tube so that the polymer solution flows in a liquid state at high temperature; the pressure difference display is connected with the computerAnd then used to collect process data. The utility model provides a 90 ~ 150 ℃, 0.01 ~ 10s‑1The problem that the viscosity of the lower polymer solution is difficult to accurately measure can be solved by collecting parameters through each intelligent system and obtaining corresponding numerical values through computer calculation, so that the accuracy of data is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of fluid viscosity measurement, concretely relates to capillary viscosimeter suitable for measure polymer solution viscosity under the low shear rate of high temperature.
Background
The accurate measurement of the viscosity can benefit various fields such as medicine, chemical industry, food, petroleum and the like, is beneficial to increasing the yield, improving the quality, improving the production efficiency, reducing the transportation cost and ensuring the safe production, and has very important significance. Viscosity, which is an inherent material physical property of liquid itself, is an important parameter for determining fluid mechanics characteristics, and is an effective reflection and measurement of fluid internal friction. Microscopically, the viscosity of a liquid means the friction between liquid molecules. The liquid molecules are very complex to interact with each other, and the structures of the liquid molecules are different from each other. Therefore, in most cases, the viscosity of a liquid is measured by macroscopic expressions (fluidity of the liquid, propagation characteristics of sound waves in the liquid, and vibration characteristics of a solid in the liquid) external to the viscosity of the liquid.
At present, methods for measuring the viscosity of liquid at home and abroad mainly comprise a rotation method, a falling body method, a vibration method, a torsional vibration crystal method, a sound wave method, a pipeline guided wave method, a capillary method and the like. Besides the capillary method, the methods have certain limitations on the measurement of the fluid viscosity, for example, the rotation method has a large measurement error on the liquid with high viscosity, the falling body method is not suitable for the liquid with low viscosity and is only suitable for measuring the Newtonian fluid with high density, and the vibration method is only suitable for the measurement of the low-viscosity and small-quantity fluid samples.
The capillary method is based on Hagen-Poiseuille law, and is characterized in that viscosity value of liquid is obtained according to parameters such as pressure difference at two ends of a capillary tube, length and inner diameter of the capillary tube, volume of the liquid flowing through the capillary tube and the like. Capillary viscometer is a viscometer with the widest application in the measurement of liquid viscosity at present due to its high measurement accuracy, wide measurement range (including Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids), simple structure and simple test process.
In the aspects of petroleum exploitation, transportation and petroleum production, the measurement of the viscosity of various additives, oil liquid and oil-water mixture is always very important work. Wherein, in the process of tertiary oil recovery chemical flooding, especially polymer flooding, the viscosity of the polymer oil displacement agent solution needs to be monitored and controlled in real time, because the viscosity of the polymer solution is an expanding waveAnd volume and enhanced oil recovery. In the polymer flooding process, the average seepage velocity of the polymer solution in the stratum is very small, but the seepage velocity near the shaft is slightly higher, even on the rock wall surface of the shaft, the maximum seepage velocity is generally only 10-1cm·s-1Order of magnitude, shear rate of 10 for percolation velocity-1～10s-1Therefore, the shear rate is low (5-10 s) in oil field-1) The shear rate of the polymer solution for displacement of reservoir oil is measured to simulate the shear rate of the polymer solution for displacement in a porous medium. For an oil displacement environment with lower temperature (such as 45 ℃), the measurement can be carried out by rotating a viscometer; however, for a high-temperature (e.g. temperature higher than 100 ℃) reservoir, because a testing system of a common rotational viscometer (e.g. Brookfield) lacks a corresponding temperature control system and cannot measure, although some advanced rheometers (e.g. antopa rheometer) have a good temperature control system, because a sample pool is communicated with the atmospheric environment, a polymer solution can boil and bubble at a temperature higher than 100 ℃, a testing rotor is also easily disturbed by liquid boiling to cause great fluctuation of testing data, and it is difficult to simulate a reservoir environment with high temperature and low shear rate. Although some rheometers are equipped with high temperature testing systems (e.g., the Antopa MCR 302 rotary rheometer and the CC25 rotor and the high temperature and pressure seal testing system CC25/Pr150/In/A1/SS), the high temperature and pressure testing system is only suitable for accurately measuring high temperature and high shear rate (. gtoreq.100 s)-1) Viscosity value of the polymer solution at a Low shear Rate of 10s-1The data of the measured viscosity has large fluctuation, and especially when the viscosity of the polymer is low, the viscosity is more difficult to accurately measure.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to prior art not enough, provide a capillary viscosimeter suitable for measure polymer solution viscosity under high temperature low shear rate to improve 90 ~ 150 ℃, 0.01 ~ 10s-1The lower viscosity measurement accuracy is improved, so that the fluid viscosity measurement technology is perfected, and technical support is provided for the viscosity measurement of the polymer flooding polymer solution of the high-temperature high-salinity reservoir.
The utility model provides a polymer solution viscosity measuring device suitable for under high temperature low shear rate, including the constant flow pump, with intermediate container, preheater tube, pressure sensor, capillary, pressure differential display, constant temperature oil bath pot, backpressure valve, the backpressure container that is used for transmitting pressure, backpressure pump and the collection container that is used for collecting the polymer solution after the test of splendid attire polymer solution to be measured; a liquid outlet of the constant flow pump is communicated with a liquid inlet of the intermediate container, a liquid outlet of the intermediate container is communicated with a liquid inlet end of the preheating pipe, a liquid outlet end of the preheating pipe is communicated with a liquid inlet end of the capillary pipe, a liquid outlet end of the capillary pipe is communicated with a back pressure valve, the back pressure valve is simultaneously communicated with the collection container and the back pressure container, and the back pressure pump is communicated with the collection container; the pressure sensor is arranged at the front end of the liquid inlet of the capillary tube, and the differential pressure display is connected with the pressure sensor and connected to two ends of the liquid inlet and outlet of the capillary tube so as to measure and display the differential pressure at two ends of the capillary tube; the preheating pipe and the capillary pipe are both immersed in the constant-temperature oil bath kettle; the pressure difference display and the constant flow pump are respectively connected with a computer to transmit and record data.
Further, the constant flow pump is an ISCO high-pressure plunger pump 260D, and can provide 0.001-70 mL/min-1And stable output of liquid volume flow.
Furthermore, the intermediate container is made of 316L stainless steel, has good high-temperature and high-pressure resistance and corrosion resistance, and preferably has a capacity of 1L.
Furthermore, the preheating pipe is made of nickel, can prevent polymer solution in a metal pipeline from being corroded or polluted by metal, is immersed in the oil bath pot in a zigzag mode, and is preferably 50cm in length, circular in section, 2mm in diameter and uniform in pipe diameter.
Furthermore, the capillary is made of nickel, can prevent polymer solution in the capillary from being corroded or polluted by metal, is spirally immersed in the oil bath pot, has the length of 10m, the section of a circle and the diameter of 2mm, and has uniform pipe diameter.
Furthermore, valves are arranged on the liquid outlet of the middle container, the liquid inlet and outlet of the capillary tube and the liquid outlet of the back pressure container.
Furthermore, a valve at the liquid inlet of the capillary tube is a four-way valve, and the differential pressure display and the pressure sensor are simultaneously connected with the four-way valve; the liquid outlet valve of the capillary tube is a three-way valve, and the back pressure valve of the pressure difference display is connected with the three-way valve at the same time.
Further, the oil bath pot is a heating device and comprises a heating ring and an oil bath, the heating ring is arranged inside the oil bath, the oil bath is high-temperature-resistant dimethyl silicone oil and is used for immersing the preheating pipe and the capillary, and the oil bath pot is provided with a low-temperature circulating system and can cool the fluid to be measured, so that the temperature range is accurately controlled to be 0-200 ℃ in the testing process, and the precision is +/-0.1 ℃.
Furthermore, the control range of the pressure sensor is 0-50 kPa, and the accuracy is +/-0.001 kPa.
Further, the display range of the differential pressure display is 0-50 kPa, the differential pressure display comprises a data acquisition module and is connected with a computer, and data are recorded and processed one by one through the computer.
Furthermore, the back pressure valve bears the pressure range of 0-40 MPa, and can provide the back pressure range of 0-40 MPa for the capillary tube through the back pressure pump.
Furthermore, all the parts are communicated through pipelines, and the communicated pipelines are metal pipelines.
The method and the principle for measuring the viscosity of the polymer solution at high temperature and low shear rate based on the capillary viscometer provided by the invention comprise the following contents:
filling a polymer solution to be tested into an intermediate container, heating a preheating pipe and a capillary at a required test temperature through an oil bath pan, adding back pressure of 100,000-200,000 Pa through a back pressure pump, enabling the polymer solution to sequentially flow through the preheating pipe and the capillary at a preset injection rate (Q) through a constant flow pump, measuring a pressure drop (delta P) at two ends of the capillary by a pressure sensor, displaying and recording the pressure drop on a computer through a pressure difference display, and calculating the viscosity of the polymer solution at a low shear rate according to Poiseul's law and Labinoweiway's law;
wherein Q is the flow rate of the polymer solution in the capillary, m3·s-1(ii) a r is the inner radius of the capillary, m; Δ P is the pressure differential, Pa, created by the flow of the polymer solution through the capillary; eta is the viscosity of the polymer solution, Pa · s; l is the length of the capillary, m;
is the shear rate, s-1；n＝1。
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. capillary viscosimeter easy to assemble, humanized design makes the instrument possess easy operation convenience, and it is convenient to dismantle, and easy learning easily can easily maintain's characteristics.
2. The capillary viscometer of the utility model has the advantages that the preheating pipe is arranged to enable the polymer solution to reach the testing temperature of 90-150 ℃ before entering the capillary, and when the polymer solution flows into the capillary, the testing of the pressure difference can be carried out at the set high temperature; the method comprises the steps of applying back pressure to a capillary tube through a back pressure pump, a back pressure container and a back pressure valve to enable the boiling point of a polymer solution to rise at the test temperature of 90-150 ℃, so that the liquid state is still kept to flow at a constant speed at a high temperature, obtaining the flow rate of the polymer solution at a set low shear rate according to the Suppo's law and the Labinowei equation, providing the constant flow rate through a constant flow pump, realizing viscosity measurement of the polymer solution at the high temperature and the low shear rate, and solving the problem that an Antopa MCR 302 rotational rheometer cannot accurately measure the viscosity of the polymer solution at the high temperature and the low shear rate.
3. Capillary viscosimeter adopts the oil bath pot that is equipped with low temperature circulation system, can satisfy accurate accuse temperature in the experimentation, and pressure sensor can detect the pressure condition at capillary both ends sensitively, and data acquisition module gathers experimental data, and data transmission with gathering at last calculates to the computer and obtains viscosity data, and experimental data handles more intellectuality, has improved the experiment precision greatly, has reduced experimental error.
4. The utility model discloses capillary viscosimeter accessible is equipped with low temperature circulating system's oil bath pot and ISCO pump, can evaluate in an experiment under different temperatures, shear rate, and polymer solution viscosity realizes continuous operation along with temperature, shear rate's change relation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a capillary viscometer suitable for measuring the viscosity of polymer solutions at high temperatures and low shear rates in accordance with the present invention;
wherein: 1-a constant flow pump, 2-an intermediate container, 3-a preheating pipe, 4-a pressure sensor, 5-a capillary, 6-a differential pressure display, 7-an oil bath pan, 8-a back pressure valve, 9-a back pressure container, 10-a back pressure pump and 11-a collector.
FIG. 2 shows that the capillary viscometer and the Andopa rheometer have a shear rate of 10s at 30-90 deg.C-1Measured at 220,000 mg.L-1The viscosity temperature function of an aqueous solution of polymer a in saline was simulated.
FIG. 3 shows 32000 mg.L measured by the capillary viscometer and the Andopa rheometer at 85 DEG C-1The viscosity and shear rate as a function of time curve for an aqueous solution of polymer B formulated in brine were simulated.
FIG. 4 shows the capillary viscometer of the present invention at 120 ℃ and a shear rate of 10s-1Measured by using 220000 mg.L-1Aqueous solutions of polymer a, polymer B and polymer C in saline were modeled for viscosity and aging time function curves.
Detailed Description
The capillary viscometer suitable for measuring the viscosity of polymer solutions at high temperature and low shear rates according to the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific examples.
Example 1
The capillary viscometer is suitable for measuring the viscosity of a polymer solution at high temperature and low shear rate, and comprises a constant flow pump 1, an intermediate container 2 for containing the polymer solution to be tested, a preheating pipe 3, a pressure sensor 4, a capillary 5, a differential pressure display 6, a constant temperature oil bath pot 7, a back pressure valve 8, a back pressure container 9, a back pressure pump 10 and a collection container 11 for collecting the tested polymer solution; the components are connected by pipelines in the following way: a liquid outlet of the constant flow pump is communicated with a liquid inlet of the intermediate container, a liquid outlet of the intermediate container is communicated with a liquid inlet end of the preheating pipe, a liquid outlet end of the preheating pipe is communicated with a liquid inlet end of the capillary pipe, a liquid outlet end of the capillary pipe is communicated with a back pressure valve, the back pressure valve is simultaneously communicated with the collection container and the back pressure container, and the back pressure pump is communicated with the collection container; the pressure sensor is arranged at the liquid inlet of the capillary tube, the pressure difference display is respectively connected with the pressure sensor and the liquid outlet end of the capillary tube and is used for displaying the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the capillary tube, and the preheating tube and the capillary tube are immersed in the constant-temperature oil bath kettle; the pressure difference display and the constant flow pump are respectively connected with a computer to transmit and record data. Valves are arranged on the liquid outlet of the intermediate container, the liquid inlet and outlet of the capillary tube and the liquid outlet of the back pressure container. A valve at the liquid inlet of the capillary tube is a four-way valve, and the differential pressure display and the pressure sensor are simultaneously connected with the four-way valve; the liquid outlet valve of the capillary tube is a three-way valve, and the back pressure valve of the pressure difference display is connected with the three-way valve at the same time.
The constant flow pump is an ISCO high-pressure plunger pump 260D and can provide 0.001-70 mL/min-1And stable output of liquid volume flow. The specification of the intermediate container is 1L, the material is 316L stainless steel, and the intermediate container has good high-temperature and high-pressure resistance and corrosion resistance. The preheating pipe is made of nickel, can prevent polymer solution in a metal pipeline from being corroded or polluted by metal, is immersed in the oil bath pot in a zigzag mode, is 50cm long, is circular in cross section, and is 2mm in diameter and uniform in pipe diameter. The capillary tube is made of nickel, can prevent polymer solution in the capillary tube from being corroded or polluted by metal, is immersed in the oil bath pot in a spiral shape, and is 10m long, circular in cross section, 2mm in diameter and uniform in pipe diameter. The oil bath pan is a heating device and comprises a heating ring and an oil bath, the heating ring is arranged inside the oil bath, and the oil bath is high-temperature-resistant dimethyl silicone oil and is used for wrapping the oil bathStates preheating tube and capillary, the oil bath pot is equipped with low temperature circulating system and can cools off to being surveyed the fluid, makes the utility model discloses accurate control temperature range 0 ~ 200 ℃ in the experimentation, precision 0.1 ℃. The control range of the pressure sensor is 0-50 kPa, and the accuracy is +/-0.001 kPa. The display range of the differential pressure display is 0-50 kPa, the differential pressure display comprises a data acquisition module which is connected with a computer, and the data are recorded and processed one by one through the computer. The back pressure valve bears the pressure range of 0-40 MPa, and can provide the back pressure range of 0-40 MPa for the capillary tube through the back pressure pump.
Example 2
Measuring the viscosity of the polymer solution at high temperature and low shear rate by using the capillary viscometer in example 1, and calculating the viscosity of the polymer solution at low shear rate according to Poiseul's law and Labinoweiway's equation;
wherein Q is the flow rate of the polymer solution in the capillary, m3·s-1(ii) a r is the inner radius of the capillary, m; Δ P is the pressure differential, Pa, created by the flow of the polymer solution through the capillary; eta is the viscosity of the polymer solution, Pa · s; l is the length of the capillary, m;
is the shear rate, s-1；n＝1。
According to the capillary specification: length 10m, diameter 2mm, shear rate 10s calculated by equation (2)-1At a polymer injection rate of 0.471 mL-min-1. 500mL of simulated saline solution is prepared into 0.28 wt.% of polymer B solution, the solution is filled into an intermediate container, a preheating pipe and a capillary are heated by an oil bath pot with a low-temperature circulating system at 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃ and 90 ℃ respectively, and back pressure is appliedThe pump adds back pressure of 100,000-200,000 Pa to the capillary through a back pressure container and a back pressure valve, and the polymer B solution is pumped by an ICSO pump at 0.471 mL/min-1The injection rate firstly flows through a preheating pipe to be preheated to the target temperature, then flows into a capillary, and finally the polymer B solution flows out from the liquid outlet end of the back pressure valve; the pressure sensor continuously measures the pressure drop at two ends of the capillary tube, the pressure drop is displayed by the pressure difference display and recorded on the computer through the data acquisition module, the viscosity value is calculated according to the formula (1), the temperature is drawn to be 30-90 ℃, and the shearing rate is 10s-1The viscosity of polymer B solution as a function of temperature was plotted against the data measured under the same conditions using an antopa rotational rheometer, as shown in figure 2 and table 1.
TABLE 1 viscosity contrast ratio of the capillary viscometer and Antopa rotational rheometer of this patent measured at 30-90 deg.C
Example 3
500mL of simulated brine is prepared into 0.31 wt.% of aqueous solution of polymer A, the aqueous solution is filled into an intermediate container, a preheating pipe and a capillary are heated by an oil bath pot with a low-temperature circulating system at 85 ℃, respectively, the capillary is pressurized by a back pressure pump through a back pressure container and a back pressure valve to 100,000-200,000 Pa, and the aqueous solution of polymer A is respectively pressurized by an ICSO pump to 0.002, 0.005, 0.01, 0.04, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 mL.min-1The injection rate is firstly preheated to 85 ℃ by a preheating pipe, then flows into a capillary, and finally the polymer solution flows out from the liquid outlet end of the back pressure valve; the pressure sensor continuously measures the pressure drop at two ends of the capillary, the pressure drop is displayed by the pressure difference display, the pressure drop is recorded on the computer through the data acquisition module, the viscosity value is calculated according to the formula (1) in the embodiment 2, the curve of the viscosity of the aqueous solution of the polymer A changing along with the shear rate at 85 ℃ is drawn, and meanwhile, the data tested by the Antopa rheometer under the same conditions are used as comparison, as shown in FIG. 3 and Table 2.
TABLE 2 capillary viscometer and Antopa rotational rheometer of this patent at shear rates of 0.1-10 s-1Measured viscosity comparison
Example 4
The polymer solution injection rate was 0.471mL min according to example 1-1Respectively filling 500mL of simulated saline water into an intermediate container to prepare aqueous solutions of 0.4 wt.% of polymer A, 0.34 wt.% of polymer B and 1.65 wt.% of polymer C, heating a preheating pipe and a capillary at 120 ℃ by an oil bath kettle with a low-temperature circulating system, applying back pressure of 100,000-200,000 Pa to the capillary through a back pressure container and a back pressure valve by a back pressure pump, and applying 0.471 mL-min of three polymer solutions through an ICSO pump-1The injection rate firstly flows through a 120 ℃ preheating pipe and then flows into a capillary, and finally the polymer solution flows out from the liquid outlet end of the back pressure valve; the pressure sensor continuously measures the pressure drop at the two ends of the capillary tube, the pressure drop is displayed by the pressure difference display and recorded on the computer by the data acquisition module, and the viscosity value is calculated according to the formula (1); since the three polymer solutions were continuously aged in the aging tank for 60 days, the shear rate can be plotted at 120 ℃ for 10s-1The viscosity of the three polymer solutions as a function of aging time is shown in FIG. 4.
Claims (10)
1. A capillary viscometer suitable for measuring the viscosity of a polymer solution at high temperature and low shear rate is characterized by comprising a constant flow pump (1), an intermediate container (2) for containing the polymer solution to be measured, a preheating pipe (3), a pressure sensor (4), a capillary (5), a pressure difference display (6), a constant temperature oil bath pot (7), a back pressure valve (8), a back pressure container (9), a back pressure pump (10) and a collection container (11) for collecting the tested polymer solution; the components are connected by pipelines in the following way: a liquid outlet of the constant flow pump is communicated with a liquid inlet of the intermediate container, a liquid outlet of the intermediate container is communicated with a liquid inlet end of the preheating pipe, a liquid outlet end of the preheating pipe is communicated with a liquid inlet end of the capillary pipe, a liquid outlet end of the capillary pipe is communicated with a back pressure valve, the back pressure valve is simultaneously communicated with the collection container and the back pressure container, and the back pressure pump is communicated with the collection container; the pressure sensor is arranged at the front end of the liquid inlet of the capillary tube, and the differential pressure display is connected with the pressure sensor and connected to two ends of the liquid inlet and outlet of the capillary tube so as to measure and display the differential pressure at two ends of the capillary tube; the preheating pipe and the capillary pipe are both immersed in the constant-temperature oil bath kettle; the pressure difference display and the constant flow pump are respectively connected with a computer to transmit and record data.
2. The capillary viscometer of claim 1, wherein the constant flow pump is an ISCO high pressure plunger pump 260D.
3. The capillary viscometer of claim 1, wherein the intermediate container is made of 316L stainless steel; the preheating pipe is made of nickel and is immersed in the oil bath pot in a zigzag manner; the capillary tube is made of nickel and is immersed in the oil bath pan in a spiral shape.
4. The capillary viscometer of claim 1, wherein the liquid outlet of the intermediate container, the liquid inlet and outlet of the capillary tube, and the liquid outlet of the back pressure container are each provided with a valve.
5. The capillary viscometer of claim 4, wherein the valve at the inlet of the capillary tube is a four-way valve, and the pressure difference display and the pressure sensor are connected to the four-way valve simultaneously; the liquid outlet valve of the capillary tube is a three-way valve, and the back pressure valve of the pressure difference display is connected with the three-way valve at the same time.
6. The capillary viscometer of claim 1, wherein the constant temperature oil bath pan comprises a heating ring and an oil bath, the oil bath being high temperature dimethyl silicone oil resistant, the oil bath pan being equipped with a low temperature circulation system to provide a constant temperature.
7. The capillary viscometer of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor control range is 0 to 50kPa with a precision of ± 0.001 kPa.
8. The capillary viscometer of claim 1, wherein the differential pressure display has a display range of 0-50 kPa, and the data acquisition module of the differential pressure display is connected to a computer for recording and processing data one by the computer.
9. The capillary viscometer of claim 1, wherein the back pressure valve is configured to withstand a pressure in a range of 0 to 40MPa and provide a back pressure to the capillary in a range of 0 to 40 MPa.
10. The capillary viscometer of claim 1, wherein the components are in communication via a conduit, the communication conduit being a metal conduit.
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