CN214661617U - Isolator and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an isolator and vehicle belongs to car technical field. The one-way clutch comprises an outer ring, a ratchet shaft, a plurality of locking wedges, an elastic locking assembly and a control ring; the ratchet shaft is coaxial with the outer ring, and a one-way ratchet is arranged on the end face, facing the outer ring, of the ratchet shaft; the locking wedges are arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer ring and are respectively hinged to the end face, facing the ratchet shaft, of the outer ring; each locking wedge block can rotate around the hinge shaft along the radial direction of the outer ring; the elastic locking assemblies are arranged on the outer ring, and the number of the elastic locking assemblies corresponds to that of the locking wedges; the elastic locking assembly can push the locking wedge block to rotate in the direction away from the outer ring; the control ring is coaxial with the outer ring, the control ring is provided with supporting pawls the number of which corresponds to that of the locking wedge blocks, the control ring can rotate around the axis of the outer ring, and the supporting pawls push the locking wedge blocks to rotate towards the direction of the outer ring. The utility model provides an isolator can make locking mechanism and by realizing stable disconnection and combining between the locking piece, reduces transmission efficiency's loss, improves transmission efficiency.

Description

Isolator and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the car, concretely relates to isolator and use vehicle of this isolator.

Background

The isolator is an important part for ensuring the stable starting and gear shifting of the automobile, and when the rotating speed of an engine of the automobile exceeds the rotating speed of a starter, the engine is separated from the starter through the isolator, so that the reverse driving of the starter by the engine is avoided; during gear shifting, when the high-speed gear is shifted to the low-speed gear, the output shaft still has a higher rotating speed because the output shaft just breaks away from the high-speed gear, and the output shaft can be prevented from reversely driving the low-speed gear through the one-way clutch.

At present, in a stable disconnection mode of the isolator, contact friction usually exists between a locking mechanism and a locked part, and along with the improvement of the running speed of the locked part, the friction can generate a large amount of heat to influence the transmission efficiency of an automobile transmission mechanism.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An embodiment of the utility model provides an isolator aims at solving the locking mechanism of current isolator and is locked the energy loss that the friction caused between the piece, improves car transmission efficiency.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an isolator, including: the locking device comprises an outer ring, a plurality of locking wedges, an elastic locking assembly, a control ring and a ratchet shaft; the ratchet shaft is coaxial with the outer ring, and a one-way ratchet is arranged on the end face, facing the outer ring, of the ratchet shaft; the locking wedges are arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer ring and are respectively hinged to the end face, facing the ratchet shaft, of the outer ring; each locking wedge block can rotate around a hinge shaft along the radial direction of the outer ring; the elastic locking assemblies are arranged on the outer ring, and the number of the elastic locking assemblies corresponds to that of the locking wedges; the elastic locking assembly can push the locking wedge block to rotate in a direction away from the outer ring; the control ring is coaxial with the outer ring and is positioned between the outer ring and the ratchet shaft in the axial direction; the control ring is provided with supporting pawls the number of which corresponds to that of the locking wedges; the control ring can rotate around the axis of the outer ring, and the support pawl pushes the locking wedge block to extrude the elastic locking assembly to rotate towards the direction of the outer ring; when the one-way clutch is disconnected, the control ring rotates to push the locking wedge block to be separated from the ratchet shaft; when the one-way clutch is combined, the control ring rotates to be separated from the locking wedge block, and the elastic locking assembly pushes the locking wedge block to be locked with the ratchet shaft.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, an end surface of the locking wedge facing the ratchet shaft is provided with a guide step, and the support pawl can abut against the guide step to push the locking wedge to rotate towards the outer ring.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the support pawl can be tangent to the step end surface of the guide step when pushing the locking wedge.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the guide step has a depth that gradually decreases from the hinged end of the locking wedge to the free end thereof.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, an extrusion end surface of the locking wedge, which is in contact with the elastic locking assembly, is an arc-shaped curved surface.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the free end of the locking wedge is provided with a locking inclined surface which is matched with and locked with the ratchet teeth of the ratchet shaft.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the outer ring is provided with a limiting column and a limiting step, and the control ring is axially limited between the stop disc at the end of the limiting column and the limiting step.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a limit pin for radially limiting the locking wedge is further disposed on the outer ring, and the limit pin is located on the outer side of the locking wedge.

With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the elastic locking assembly includes an elastic member and a plunger connected to the elastic member; the outer ring is axially provided with a guide hole for installing the elastic piece, and the plunger is in sliding fit with the guide hole.

In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle, including the isolator.

The utility model provides an isolator, when breaking off, the external actuator drive control ring is rotatory, and the control ring can promote the locking voussoir to overcome the elasticity of elasticity locking assembly, breaks away from the ratchet axle, and the locking voussoir relies on the support of control ring, keeps certain clearance with the ratchet axle, can not produce the contact friction with the locking voussoir when the ratchet axle is rotatory, avoids the loss of mechanism transmission efficiency, realizes the stable disconnection of isolator; when the locking mechanism is combined, the control ring rotates reversely to separate from the locking wedge block, the locking wedge block is not limited by the control ring any more, and at the moment, the elastic locking assembly pushes the locking wedge block to be combined with the ratchet shaft in a stable locking mode by means of stored elastic force.

The utility model provides a vehicle owing to adopted foretell isolator, can make locking mechanism and by realizing stable disconnection and combining between the locking piece, reduces transmission efficiency's loss, improves transmission efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of an isolator according to an embodiment of the present invention in an off state;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the empty cartridge of FIG. 1 in an open state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the isolator provided in FIG. 1 in an open state;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the isolator of FIG. 3 in an open state;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the control ring engaged with the locking wedge in the disengaged state of the isolator shown in FIG. 3;

fig. 6 is a schematic front view of an isolator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of an internal structure of an isolator according to an embodiment of the present invention in a coupled state;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a control ring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a locking wedge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a locking wedge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic bottom view of an isolator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 11;

description of reference numerals:

1. an outer ring; 11. rectangular teeth; 12. a limiting step; 2. a control loop; 21. a support pawl; 22. a U-shaped groove; 23. avoiding the groove; 3. a ratchet shaft; 4. a spacing pin; 5. locking the wedge block; 51. a guide step; 52. extruding the end face; 53. a locking bevel; 54. a hinged end; 6. a limiting column; 7. an elastic locking assembly; 71. a plunger base; 72. an elastic member; 73. and a plunger.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to illustrate the present invention in further detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12 together, the isolator provided by the present invention will now be described. The isolator includes: the ratchet wheel comprises an outer ring 1, a plurality of locking wedges 5, an elastic locking assembly 7, a control ring 2 and a ratchet shaft 3; the ratchet shaft 3 is coaxial with the outer ring 1, and a one-way ratchet is arranged on the end face, facing the outer ring 1, of the ratchet shaft; the locking wedges 5 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer ring and are respectively hinged to the end face, facing the ratchet shaft, of the outer ring 1; each locking wedge block 5 can rotate around the hinge shaft along the radial direction of the outer ring 1; the elastic locking assemblies 7 are arranged on the outer ring 1, and the number of the elastic locking assemblies corresponds to that of the locking wedges 5; the elastic locking assembly 7 can push the locking wedge 5 to rotate in the direction away from the outer ring 1; the control ring 2 is coaxial with the outer ring 1 and is axially positioned between the outer ring 1 and the ratchet shaft 3; the control ring 2 is provided with supporting pawls 21 the number of which corresponds to that of the locking wedges 5; the control ring 2 can rotate around the axis of the outer ring 1, and the support pawl 21 pushes the locking wedge 5 to extrude the elastic locking assembly 7 to rotate towards the direction of the outer ring 1; when the isolator is disconnected, the control ring 2 rotates, and the support pawl 21 pushes the locking wedge 5 to be separated from the ratchet shaft 3; when the isolator is combined, the control ring 2 rotates to be separated from the locking wedge block 5, and the elastic locking assembly pushes the locking wedge block 5 to be locked with the ratchet shaft 3.

In the isolator provided by the embodiment, the outer ring 1 is used as a base body of the isolator and is a fixing element; the control ring 2 is used as an actuating element, has clearance with the outer ring 1 in the radial direction and the axial direction, and can rotate clockwise and anticlockwise around the axis of the outer ring 1 under the driving of an actuator shifting head. Referring to fig. 1 to 5, when the isolator is disconnected, the external actuator drives the control ring 2 to rotate, the supporting pawl 21 of the control ring 2 can push the locking wedge 5 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic locking assembly 7 and separate from the ratchet shaft 3, the locking wedge 5 is supported by the control ring 2, a certain gap is kept between the locking wedge 5 and the ratchet shaft 3, the ratchet shaft 3 cannot generate contact friction with the locking wedge 5 when rotating, the loss of the transmission efficiency of the mechanism is avoided, and the isolator is stably disconnected; referring to fig. 6 and 7, when the locking mechanism is engaged, the control ring 2 rotates reversely to disengage the locking wedge 5, the locking wedge 5 is no longer limited by the control ring 2, and at this time, the elastic locking assembly 7 pushes the locking wedge 5 to contact with the ratchet teeth of the ratchet shaft 3 by means of the stored elastic force, so as to limit the rotational movement of the ratchet shaft 3 in one direction, and thus, the stable and reliable locking engagement of the isolator is realized.

In order to ensure that the locking wedge block 5 is completely separated from or reliably combined with the ratchet shaft 3, the locking wedge block 5 is uniformly arranged on the circumferential direction of the end surface of the outer ring 1, so that the locking wedge block 5 uniformly applies load to the ratchet shaft 3, the phenomenon of uneven load or stress is avoided, and the stable combination and disconnection of the locking wedge block 5 and the ratchet shaft 3 are ensured.

In the embodiment, referring to fig. 3 to 5, three locking wedges 5 are uniformly arranged on the end surface of the outer ring 1, and the three points form a force application circumference with uniformly distributed load, and are simultaneously applied to the end surface of the ratchet shaft 3 or simultaneously separated from the end surface of the ratchet shaft 3, so that the reliability of disconnection or connection is ensured.

For example, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, when the control ring 2 rotates clockwise, the supporting pawls 21 of the control ring 2 rotate, the supporting pawls 21 extend into the end surface of the locking wedge 5 away from the outer ring 1, and push the locking wedge 5 to rotate towards the outer ring 1, the free end of the locking wedge 5 gradually disengages from the ratchet teeth of the ratchet shaft 3, since the control ring 2 and the ratchet shaft 3 are coaxial with the outer ring 1, the plane formed by the radial direction of the control ring 2 is parallel to the plane formed by the radial direction of the ratchet shaft 3, and the locking wedge 5 can completely disengage from the ratchet shaft 3 due to the support of the control ring 2, thereby avoiding contact interference between the ratchet shaft 3 and the locking wedge 5.

The process of the control ring 2 pushing the locking wedge 5 off the ratchet shaft 3 is also the process of the elastic locking assembly 7 storing energy, and stores elastic energy for the combination of the locking wedge 5 and the ratchet shaft 3.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, when the control ring 2 rotates counterclockwise, the supporting pawls 21 of the control ring 2 disengage from the locking wedge 5 until the control ring 2 completely disengages from the locking wedge 5, and the elastic locking assembly 7 can push the locking wedge 5 to rotate away from the outer race 1 until the free end of the locking wedge 5 and the ratchet teeth of the ratchet shaft 3 abut against each other and are locked.

Based on the control ring 2 provided with the support pawls 21, as an embodiment of the lock wedge 5, referring to fig. 3, 7, 9, and 10, a guide step 51 is provided on an end surface of the lock wedge 5 facing the ratchet shaft, and the support pawls 21 of the control ring 2 can abut against the guide step 51 to push the lock wedge 5 to rotate toward the outer race 1. When the control ring 2 rotates clockwise, the support pawls 21 of the control ring 2 are held in contact with the bottom of the guide step 51, and the locking wedge 5 rotates toward the outer race 1. The guide step 51 provides guidance and positioning for the support pawl 21.

Based on the control ring 2 provided with the supporting pawl 21, as an embodiment, referring to fig. 3, 7, 9 and 10, when the supporting pawl pushes the locking wedge, the supporting pawl can be tangent to the step end surface of the guide step, so as to realize the stability of the process of pushing the locking wedge by the supporting pawl.

As a modified embodiment of the locking wedge 5, based on the locking wedge 5 provided with a guide step 51, as shown in fig. 9, the guide step 51 gradually decreases in depth from the hinged end 54 of the locking wedge 5 toward the free end thereof. Because the hinged end 54 of the locking wedge 5 is hinged on the end surface of the outer ring 1, when the locking wedge 5 is combined with the ratchet shaft 3, the locking wedge 5 is in an inclined state after rotating around a hinged shaft, and the axial displacement between the bottom of the guide step 51 and the outer ring 1 needs to be gradually increased so as to enable the free end of the locking wedge 5 to be separated from the ratchet of the ratchet shaft 3.

As for the shape of the bottom of the guide step 51, referring to fig. 9, the present embodiment may select an arc-shaped curved surface, and may also select a straight inclined surface. When the locking wedge block 5 is combined with the ratchet shaft 3, the included angle between the straight inclined plane and the radial end surface of the ratchet shaft 3 is an acute angle.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, 7 and 8, the support pawls 21 of the control ring 2 correspond to the locking wedges 5 one-to-one, and the contact line between the support pawls 21 and the inner wall of the guide step 51 defines a guide contact line, and when the control ring is rotated clockwise, the line in front of the control ring 2 is an auxiliary line, and the length of the auxiliary line is smaller than the length of the guide contact line, so that the tips of the support pawls 21 are biased to the front of the clockwise movement, and when the control ring 2 is rotated clockwise, the tips of the support pawls 21 first contact with the locking wedges 5, and when the control ring 2 is rotated counterclockwise, the tips of the support pawls 21 are finally disengaged from the locking wedges 5.

In the control ring 2 of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, 7 and 8, the escape grooves 23 are formed on both sides of the support pawl 21, so that the control ring 2 and the locking wedge 5 are prevented from interfering with each other when the control ring is disconnected.

As shown in fig. 3, 5, 7 and 10, in addition to the locking wedge 5 provided with the guide step 51, as another modified embodiment of the locking wedge 5, a pressing end surface 52 of the locking wedge 5, which contacts the elastic locking member 7, is curved so that the elastic locking member 7 always smoothly contacts the locking wedge 5 as the locking wedge 5 rotates.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 9 and 10, the locking wedge 5 is hinged to the end surface of the outer ring 1 by means of a hinge shaft, in order to enable the locking wedge 5 to rotate, the hinge end 54 of the locking wedge 5 is a cylindrical structure, the outer surface of the hinge end 54 is a circular arc-shaped curved surface, and an avoiding space which is convenient for the locking wedge 5 to rotate is formed between the circular arc-shaped curved surface and the flat end surface of the outer ring 1. Wherein, the axis of the articulated shaft is arranged along the radial direction of the outer ring 1.

To facilitate the disengagement of the control ring 2 from the locking wedge 5, the radial length of the hinge shaft is shorter than the radial length of the portion of the locking wedge 5 provided with the guide step 51, see fig. 9 and 10, to avoid the interference of the hinge shaft or end 54 with the control ring 2 when the control ring 2 is disengaged or pushed.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, in order to improve the stability and reliability of the coupling, as a modified embodiment, the free end of the locking wedge 5 is provided with a locking inclined surface 53 adapted to lock with the ratchet teeth of the ratchet shaft 3.

Because the rotation of the control ring 2 not only has a radial clearance with the outer ring 1, but also has an axial clearance to avoid interference, the axial direction of the control ring 2 needs to be limited in two directions to avoid the axial interference of the control ring 2 with the outer ring 1 and the ratchet shaft 3. Therefore, as a modified embodiment, referring to fig. 12, the outer ring 1 is provided with a limit post 6 and a limit step 12, and the control ring 2 is axially limited between the stop disc at the end of the limit post 6 and the limit step 12.

The above-mentioned embodiment is an improvement of the structure of the outer ring 1, and referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 12, specifically, the outer periphery of the outer ring 1 is provided with a plurality of rectangular teeth 11 protruding radially and adapted to be fixedly mounted, the locking wedge 5 and the limiting post 6 in the embodiment are arranged at intervals and respectively correspond to the rectangular teeth 11, of course, it should be noted that the locking wedge 5 and the limiting post 6 are both arranged on the body of the outer ring 1, rather than on the protruding rectangular teeth 11.

It should also be explained that the control ring 2 is in radial clearance fit with the outer ring 1, that is, the inner ring of the control ring 2 is in radial clearance fit with the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring 1, and for the rectangular teeth 11 arranged on the outer ring 1, there is an overlapping portion with the control ring 2 in the axial direction, the axial length of the rectangular teeth 11 is shorter than the axial length of the outer ring 1, and the end surface of the rectangular teeth 11 close to the control ring 2 constitutes an axial limit for the control ring 2, or the limit step 12 is arranged on the rectangular teeth 11.

As another modified embodiment of the outer ring 1, referring to fig. 1 to 2 and 6, a limit pin 4 for radially limiting a locking wedge 5 is further provided on the outer ring 1, and the limit pin 4 is located outside the locking wedge 5. The limiting pin 4 is in interference fit in an axial hole of the outer ring 1 or is in threaded connection with the outer ring 1.

Based on the control ring 2 and the locking wedge 5, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 5 and 7, the elastic locking assembly 7 includes an elastic member 72 and a plunger 73 connected to the elastic member 72 as an embodiment of the elastic locking assembly 7; the outer ring 1 is provided with a guide hole for mounting the elastic member 72 in the axial direction, and the plunger 73 is slidably fitted in the guide hole. Illustratively, the elastic member 72 is a spring, and two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the bottom of the guide hole and the plunger 73, wherein one end of the plunger 73, which is pressed against the locking wedge 5, is a spherical curved surface and makes smooth contact with the arc-shaped curved surface of the locking wedge 5.

As another embodiment of the elastic locking assembly 7, referring to fig. 2, 3, 5 and 7, the elastic locking assembly 7 includes a plunger base 71 fixedly connected with the outer ring 1, in addition to an elastic member 72 and a plunger 73. Specifically, the guide hole penetrates through the outer ring 1 in the axial direction, the plunger base 71 is in interference fit in the guide hole, the spring is connected between the plunger base 71 and the plunger 73, and the plunger 73 can slide into the guide hole wholly or partially under the extrusion.

Based on same utility model conceive, this application embodiment still provides a vehicle, include the isolator. By adopting the isolator, stable disconnection and combination between the locking mechanism and the locked part can be realized, the loss of transmission efficiency is reduced, and the transmission efficiency is improved.

The control ring 2 is provided with a U-shaped groove 22 for connection of an external actuator. The rotation of the control ring 2 is powered by an external actuator.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An isolator, comprising:

an outer ring (1);

the ratchet shaft (3) is coaxial with the outer ring (1), and a one-way ratchet is arranged on the end face, facing the outer ring (1), of the ratchet shaft;

the locking wedges (5) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer ring (1) and are respectively hinged to the end face, facing the ratchet shaft (3), of the outer ring (1); each locking wedge block (5) can rotate around a hinge shaft along the radial direction of the outer ring (1);

the elastic locking assemblies (7) are arranged on the outer ring (1), and the number of the elastic locking assemblies corresponds to that of the locking wedges (5); the elastic locking assembly (7) can push the locking wedge block (5) to rotate in a direction away from the outer ring (1);

a control ring (2) coaxial with the outer ring (1) and axially located between the outer ring (1) and the ratchet shaft (3); the control ring (2) is provided with supporting pawls (21) corresponding to the locking wedges (5) in number, the control ring (2) can rotate around the axis of the outer ring (1), and the supporting pawls (21) push the locking wedges (5) to extrude the elastic locking assembly (7) to rotate towards the direction of the outer ring (1); and

when the isolator is disconnected, the control ring (2) rotates, and the support pawl (21) pushes the locking wedge (5) to be separated from the ratchet shaft (3);

when the one-way clutch is combined, the control ring (2) is rotated to be separated from the locking wedge block (5), and the elastic locking assembly (7) pushes the locking wedge block (5) to be locked with the ratchet shaft (3).

2. Isolator according to claim 1, characterised in that the end face of the locking wedge (5) facing the ratchet shaft is provided with a guide step (51), the support pawl (21) being able to abut against the guide step (51) and push the locking wedge (5) towards the outer ring (1) for rotation.

3. The isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that said support pawl (21) is able to push said locking wedge (5) tangentially to the step end face of said guide step (51).

4. Isolator as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said guide step (51) has a gradually decreasing depth from the hinged end of the locking wedge (5) towards its free end.

5. Isolator according to claim 1, characterised in that the pressing end face (52) of the locking wedge (5) in contact with the resilient locking member (7) is curved.

6. Isolator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the free end of the locking wedge (5) is provided with a locking ramp (53) adapted to lock with the ratchet teeth of the ratchet shaft (3).

7. The isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer ring (1) is provided with a limit post (6) and a limit step (12), and the control ring (2) is axially limited between a stop disc at the end of the limit post (6) and the limit step (12).

8. Isolator according to claim 1, characterised in that the outer ring (1) is further provided with a stop pin (4) for radially stopping the locking wedge (5), the stop pin (4) being located outside the locking wedge (5).

9. Isolator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said elastic locking assembly (7) comprises an elastic element (72) and a plunger (73) connected to said elastic element, said outer ring (1) being axially provided with a guide hole for said elastic element (72), said plunger (73) being in sliding engagement with said guide hole.

10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising a one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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