CN214655132U - Welding-free side-feeding type multifunctional device for heat treatment of pit furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

A welding-free side-feeding multifunctional device for heat treatment of a pit furnace comprises a hanger rod, a chassis, a honeycomb plate, a spacer bush, an index plate and a lock catch; the upper part of the suspender is provided with a clamping groove for integrally hoisting and unloading the device, and the lower part of the suspender is provided with a step buckled with a step hole at the bottom of the chassis; the chassis is hollow, the upper surface and the lower surface of the chassis are flat, and a circular truncated cone step hole matched with the suspender is formed in the middle of the chassis; the middle of the honeycomb plate is provided with a round through hole, and the honeycomb plate penetrates through the suspension rod to be directly placed on the chassis or is supported by a spacer bush to be placed in layers during assembly; the spacer bush is a wall pipe with an upper flanging and a lower flanging, is sleeved on the suspension rod, and the upper part and the lower part of the spacer bush can be detachably locked with the honeycomb plate or the index plate; a circular through hole is formed in the middle of the dividing plate, a plurality of square grooves are distributed along the circumference, and lock holes are formed in two sides of each square groove; and pins matched with the lock holes are arranged on the two sides of the lock catch, and the pins can be inserted into the lock holes. It can adapt to different various axle type parts and can install fast.

Description

Welding-free side-feeding type multifunctional device for heat treatment of pit furnace

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a loading and unloading furnace for heat treatment of a pit furnace, in particular to a multifunctional device for installing and treating workpieces during heat treatment of the pit furnace.

Background

The shaft type part is subjected to thermal treatment processes such as quenching and tempering, normalizing, annealing, nitriding, carburizing and the like by adopting the shaft furnace, and the shaft type part charging method is a conventional charging method in the field of thermal treatment, and has the advantages of maximally saving the space of a workshop floor and effectively reducing the deformation in the heating process for a long shaft part by adopting the shaft furnace charging; the method has the disadvantages that the shaft parts are usually loaded in a welding and then hanging mode, gas cutting is needed after the furnace is unloaded, the consumed time is long, and the parts are easy to damage.

Patent document CN205347498U discloses a hanger for a pit-type heat treatment furnace, which embraces two half rings for a part with a shoulder, and the two half rings are connected by a pin and then hung integrally into a circular hole of a work plate, and the hanger is fixed at a position by its own weight. The device is effective and feasible when the shaft with the end step is subjected to annealing heat treatment, and the device cannot realize clamping in a holding manner for the optical axis; the whole shaft part penetrates through the disc from top to bottom, and is difficult to align to the round hole in practical traveling operation, so that the efficiency is low. In addition, for the quenching heat treatment, the upper end portion of the shaft is surrounded by the ring device to reduce the cooling speed, so that the quenching effect is affected, and the device is not suitable.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at overcoming the above-mentioned not enough of prior art and providing a exempt from to weld side and advance formula multi-functional device for pit furnace thermal treatment, adopt the device can realize that various parts such as optical axis, step shaft, gear, nut, slider are in the handling stove of multiple heat treatment process methods such as quenching, normalizing, tempering, annealing, carburization, nitrogenize.

In order to achieve the purpose, the method is realized by the following technical means: a welding-free side-feeding multifunctional device for heat treatment of a pit furnace comprises a hanger rod, a chassis, a honeycomb plate, a spacer bush, an index plate and a lock catch; the upper part of the suspender is provided with a clamping groove for integrally hoisting and unloading the device, and the lower part of the suspender is provided with a step buckled with a step hole at the bottom of the chassis; the chassis is hollow, the upper surface and the lower surface of the chassis are flat, and a circular truncated cone step hole matched with the suspender is formed in the middle of the chassis; the middle of the honeycomb plate is provided with a round through hole, and the honeycomb plate penetrates through the suspension rod to be directly placed on the chassis or is supported by a spacer bush to be placed in layers during assembly; the spacer bush is a wall pipe with an upper flanging and a lower flanging, is sleeved on the suspension rod, and the upper part and the lower part of the spacer bush can be detachably locked with the honeycomb plate or the index plate; a circular through hole is formed in the middle of the dividing plate, a plurality of square grooves are distributed along the circumference, and lock holes are formed in two sides of each square groove; and pins matched with the lock holes are arranged on the two sides of the lock catch, and the pins can be inserted into the lock holes.

More specifically, the honeycomb holes of the honeycomb plate are designed to be large in size, so that the weight of the device can be effectively reduced, the uniform circulation of the furnace atmosphere is also facilitated for the nitriding or carburizing heat treatment, and as the part to be treated is directly placed on the honeycomb plate, the maximum size needs to be matched according to the size of the bottom of the heat-treated part, and the maximum size is used for ensuring that the part cannot fall off the base after being charged in the furnace. The surface of the honeycomb plate is smooth, so that the parts are tidy after being charged and are not easy to topple or shift.

Preferably, the index plate and the honeycomb plate are provided with a plurality of index plates, so that the upper layer and the lower layer can be simultaneously used, and the same-furnace heat treatment of parts with different shapes is met. For example, the long shaft parts are loaded in a lower layer side-in type, and the block parts in an upper layer are directly placed on the honeycomb plate. And parts on the upper layer and the lower layer can be exchanged and charged.

Preferably, round hole pins or clamping grooves for positioning the upper layer and the lower layer are formed in the flanging of the spacer sleeve, the dividing plate and the cellular board are provided with corresponding buckles, the dividing plates of the upper layer and the lower layer are located on the same vertical line, the long-shaft parts can be conveniently laterally inserted, and the positioned cellular board or the dividing plate is locked in the whole hoisting process, so that safety accidents caused by rotation are prevented.

More specifically, the square grooves in the circumferential direction on the indexing disc may be six, eight, twelve or even more equal divisions, depending on the diameter of the shaft product to be processed.

Preferably, the reinforcing ribs are arranged below the dividing plate, so that heat treatment deformation can be reduced, the service life can be prolonged, the dividing plate can be conveniently replaced even after being deformed after being used for a long time, and the whole device does not need to be replaced.

Preferably, the lock catch is a square or round pin shaft with positioning pins at two ends, shaft holes are formed in two sides of the square groove, and after the part is laterally inserted, the positioning pins are inserted into small holes in two sides of the square groove to firmly position the long shaft part respectively.

Preferably, the plurality of the spacer bushes can be designed into a plurality of spacers with different heights, the dividing plate or the honeycomb plate can automatically adjust the upper position and the lower position, and the two or even more spacer bushes can be expanded to meet the heat treatment requirements of parts with different lengths and shapes, so that the parts can be mounted and clamped in place, and the heating space of the pit furnace can be fully utilized.

Better, the vertical section of the middle spacer sleeve is provided with a groove, so that the weight of the device can be reduced, the heating efficiency is improved, and the integral deformation of the spacer sleeve after heat treatment can be reduced.

Preferably, the lifting hook structure matched with the hanger rod can be changed into a're' shaped clamping hook or a 'C' shaped clamping hook according to the size of the hanging head.

More specifically, the hollowed-out part of the chassis can be in a multi-layer fan shape, and can also be in a round hole shape or a hexagonal shape.

More specifically, the hollowed-out part of the honeycomb plate can be hexagonal, rhombic or square or circular, and the shape and the size of the part can be changed and adjusted.

Preferably, the chassis and the index plate are respectively provided with the anti-collision pads, so that the parts can be ensured to be complete in surface even if the parts are collided with the device in the process of hoisting the parts by using a crane, and the surface anti-collision requirements of chemical heat treatment processes such as nitriding and the like are met. The crash pad can be made of aluminum or copper materials and the like with lower hardness than parts.

Preferably, the jack is arranged at the outer edge of the honeycomb plate, the fence is inserted into the jack, and the part is prevented from accidentally falling in the lifting process through the fence, so that the production safety is ensured. The rail adopts the jack mode to connect, easy to assemble and dismantlement. The enclosure may be unitary or may be of different forms which are circumferentially bisected, trisected or even multiply bisected.

Preferably, the index plate can be provided with a plurality of rows of parallel positioning holes of the lock catch, and two or more lock catches can be placed in the plurality of rows of positioning holes after the shaft part is charged, so that the gap between the part and the part is properly enlarged, and the requirement of rapid cooling of common heat treatment processes such as quenching, normalizing and the like is met. And only one lock catch can be placed, so that the gap between the part and the device is reduced, and the part is prevented from being toppled in the lifting process.

Better, axle type work piece is in handling to this side formula of advancing welding free device in-process, can adopt the driving to cooperate the lifting rope to load the stove piece by piece, also can set up embracing ring or positioning beam cooperation stand-up device at axle type end and realize that a plurality of parts hoist in step side is gone into, improves handling efficiency by a wide margin.

Preferably, the lifting appliance chassis can be machined and formed after sand casting, and other parts are precisely cast and formed, so that the assembly precision and the surface flatness of the parts after charging are ensured, and the deformation of the parts caused by the change of the gravity center during heating is reduced.

More specifically, the overall shape of the device is matched with the shape of the heating zone of the corresponding shaft furnace, and the device can be round, square, hexagonal or even polygonal.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model the advantage lie in:

(1) the multifunctional device can realize the weld-free side-entry loading and unloading furnace for the heat treatment of the shaft parts in the pit furnace. Compare the conventionality and hang into one by one and need accurate operation control driving from top to bottom perforation formula, this device reduces the required precision of operation, can ensure parts fast loading and unloading stove, realizes many and hangs simultaneously and unloads, promotes loading and unloading stove work efficiency more than 3 times.

(2) The index plate and the corresponding spacer bush with different section sizes and graduations can be conveniently replaced according to the appearance and the size of the workpiece and the requirements of a heat treatment process, diversified heat treatment processes of workpieces in various forms such as long and short shafts, stepped shafts, nuts, washers, sliders, gears and the like are realized, and the adaptability is better.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a hanger rod and a chassis in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a welding-free side-feeding multifunctional device for heat treatment of a shaft furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention after a long shaft is installed.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the second device according to the embodiment of the present invention after the stepped shaft is installed.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the third device according to the embodiment of the present invention after the assembly parts are installed.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are provided for illustration purposes only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Referring to the attached drawings 1-3, a welding-free side-feeding multifunctional device for heat treatment of a shaft furnace comprises a hanger rod 1, an integrated chassis 7, a honeycomb plate 6, a spacer 5, an index plate 2 and a lock catch 3.

The hanger rod 1 is a thick-wall pipe, a neck-shaped clamping groove 12 is arranged at the upper part of the hanger rod and used for hanging and unloading the whole device, and a large-diameter step 11 is arranged at the lower part of the hanger rod and is buckled and assembled with a step hole 71 at the bottom of the integrated chassis 7.

The integrated chassis 7 is a disc with a large-area hollow 72, the upper surface and the lower surface of the base are kept flat, and a circular truncated cone step hole 71 matched with the suspension rod is formed in the middle of the base.

The middle of the honeycomb plate 6 is provided with a round through hole, the honeycomb plate passes through the suspension rod 1 and is directly placed on the base 7 or is placed in layers at different heights through the spacer 5 during assembly, parts can be directly placed on the honeycomb plate 6, and the honeycomb holes 62 of the honeycomb plate can be inserted into shaft parts. The surface of the honeycomb plate is smooth, so that the parts are tidy after being charged and are not easy to topple or shift.

The spacer 5 is a thick-walled pipe with an upper flange 51 and a lower flange 52, and directly penetrates through the suspension rod and is sleeved on the suspension rod 1; round hole pins or clamping grooves are arranged on an upper flanging 51 and a lower flanging 52 of the spacer sleeve for upper and lower layer positioning, the dividing disc and the cellular board are also provided with corresponding buckles, so that the dividing discs on the upper and lower layers are positioned on the same vertical line, the long-shaft parts can be conveniently laterally inserted, and the positioned cellular board or the dividing disc is locked in the whole hoisting process, so that the safety accident caused by rotation is prevented.

The index plate 2 is a circular thin plate with a circular through hole 21 in the middle, a plurality of radially distributed square grooves 22 are formed in the thin plate along the circumferential direction, and small holes 221 are formed in two sides of each square groove 22.

The reinforcing ribs 23 are arranged below the dividing plate 2, so that heat treatment deformation can be reduced, the service life can be prolonged, and the dividing plate can be conveniently replaced even after being deformed after being used for a long time without replacing the whole device.

The lock catch 3 is a square or round pin shaft with positioning pins 31 at two ends, and after the part is laterally inserted, the positioning pins 31 are inserted into small holes 221 at two sides of the square groove 22 to firmly position the long-axis part respectively.

Fig. 1 shows a connecting structure of a suspender and a chassis, wherein the integrated chassis 7 is erected during first assembly, the suspender passes through a chassis step hole 71 by using a crane, and a bottom step buckle 11 of the suspender is tightly buckled with a step hole 71 in the chassis to form a basic bearing framework of the device. This structure only needs to be assembled once for life without damaging the device.

Then, the cellular board 6, the spacer bush 5 and the dividing plate 2 sequentially penetrate through the hanger rod 1 in a hanging mode of a travelling crane, the cellular board 6, the spacer bush 5 and the dividing plate 2 are placed on the integrated chassis 7, the spacer bush 5, the cellular board 6 and the dividing plate 2 are aligned to the positioning holes, and the spacer bush 5 and the dividing plate 2 are fixed by inserting pins, so that the spacer bush 5 and the dividing plate 2 cannot rotate. The spacer 5 and the honeycomb plate 6 as well as the two ends of the center hole of the index plate 2 and the upper plane of the suspender are all chamfered to form a horn mouth, the center is automatically aligned to be convenient for passing through the suspender, the upper index plate 2 and the lower index plate 2 are positioned at the overlapped position at the moment, and the parts can be smoothly laterally inserted into the horn mouth, as shown in figure 2.

And then, the shaft part to be heat treated enters the device from the side opening of the dividing plate through a crane hanger.

The parts to be heat-treated can be shaft parts with different sizes and shapes such as an optical axis, a gear shaft, a stepped shaft and the like. When the furnace is subjected to heat treatment, all furnace charging positions can be fully loaded, or the furnace can be partially empty for heat treatment, and the weight balance along the two sides of the suspender is only needed to be noticed when the furnace is charged. The lock catch 3 is inserted into the positioning hole 22 on the index plate 2 in sequence, the shaft parts are locked to keep the vertical state, and the welding-free side-feeding type furnace charging of the long shaft part is completed.

The following description is directed to the specific design and operation of different workpieces requiring processing.

Example one

The internal dimension of the well type gas heating furnace is phi 1800 multiplied by 3200mm, the effective working area phi 1500mm multiplied by 3000mm, and the furnace type structure is bottom bearing.

A batch of long shaft pieces made of 40Cr need to be processed, quenching and tempering are carried out according to the process requirements, the size of a shaft is phi 85 x 1800mm, and the distance between the shaft and the shaft is not less than 20mm, so that the cooling effect during quenching is ensured.

A welding-free side-feeding multifunctional device for heat treatment of a shaft furnace is disclosed, and referring to fig. 3, the width of a lock catch is designed to be 25mm, charging is carried out according to the steps, and the distance between shafts after charging is 27mm, referring to fig. 3. And straightening the part by using a travelling crane after tempering, then unloading the lock catch, and still lifting the part out of the opening on the side surface of the dividing plate to complete the whole process and meet the pre-process requirement.

Example two

Referring to fig. 4, the welding-free side-entry multifunctional device for the heat treatment of the shaft furnace of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the appearance of the part, which is changed into a stepped shaft.

The size of the inner container of the pit type gas carburizing furnace is phi 1800 multiplied by 3200mm, the effective working area phi 1500mm multiplied by 3000mm, and the furnace type structure is bottom bearing.

A batch of stepped shafts 4 need to be processed, the material of the shafts is 20CrNiMo, the total length of the shafts is 2240mm, the stepped shafts are divided into 4 sections, the size of each section is 1000mm in diameter phi 100mm, 320mm in diameter phi 108mm, 430mm in diameter phi 100mm and 490mm in diameter phi 80mm, the known shaft furnace is adopted for heating, the carburizing treatment is required by the process, the distance between the shafts after charging is not less than 10mm, the shafts are required to be kept upright in the whole heat treatment and hoisting process, and the large-amplitude shaking is not required.

The device shown in fig. 4 is adopted, three spacer sleeves are adopted, the height of the spacer sleeves is designed into two sizes, the height of the spacer sleeve at the bottom is 300mm, the middle part of the spacer sleeve is formed by combining two spacer sleeves, and the heights are 800mm and 300mm respectively. The spacer bushes, the dividing plate and the two adjacent spacer bushes are fixed by connecting pins. The part is hung in the side-in type in the first embodiment, and the lock catch of the upper indexing disc after the part is hung in the side-in type is designed to be 20mm in width, so that the requirement that the distance between the parts is larger than 10mm is met. A row of positioning holes are additionally formed in two sides of a square groove of the lower portion of the dial plate, two lock catches are inserted between the two shafts, and the vertical stability of the shafts is ensured due to the fact that the diameter of the section of the shaft is reduced and the gap is increased.

EXAMPLE III

Referring to fig. 5, the welding-free side-entry multifunctional device for the heat treatment of the shaft furnace of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a honeycomb plate and an index plate are used in combination.

The size of the inner container of the pit type gas nitriding furnace is phi 1800 multiplied by 3200mm, the effective working area phi 1500mm multiplied by 3000mm, and the furnace type structure is bottom bearing.

The parts to be processed are a 42CrMo long shaft and a sliding block, and the long shaft dimension is phi 100 multiplied by 1600 mm. The length, width and height of the slide block are 300-400 mm. The process requires gas nitriding treatment, in order to ensure uniform atmosphere, line contact among parts is not allowed during charging, and surface collision pits and other damages cannot occur in the charging and discharging process and the hoisting process. The technical requirements of the long shaft and the slide block are the same, and the production requires the same furnace to carry out nitriding treatment.

With the arrangement shown in fig. 5, the diameter of the integrated chassis 7 is designed to be 1500mm and the height is 250 mm.

The diameter of the dividing disc 2 is designed to be phi 1500mm, the thickness is 25mm, the dividing disc is divided into fourteen equal parts, and 3 long-axis parts can be loaded in each equal dividing groove.

The diameter of the honeycomb plate 6 is designed to be 1500mm, the thickness is 50mm, the height of the safety fence 61 attached to the honeycomb plate is designed to be 300mm, and the safety fence is inserted into the honeycomb plate 6 through the insertion hole 63 on the honeycomb plate.

The implementation steps are divided into two steps, the first step is the same as the first embodiment, and the anti-collision soft cushion is arranged at the contact part of the dividing plate, the lock catch and the shaft, so that the shaft is prevented from being violently collided. And secondly, placing two spacers 5 with the height of 300mm on the basis, then placing the honeycomb plate and the safety fence, and then uniformly arranging the sliding blocks on the honeycomb plate. In actual operation, a workshop ascending platform or pit can be used, and the honeycomb plate and the sliding block parts can be conveniently lifted. The operation is carried out according to the reverse order when the furnace is unloaded.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a exempt from to weld side and advance formula multi-functional device for pit furnace thermal treatment which characterized in that: the lifting device comprises a lifting rod, a chassis, a honeycomb plate, a spacer bush, an index plate and a lock catch; the upper part of the suspender is provided with a clamping groove for integrally hoisting and unloading the device, and the lower part of the suspender is provided with a step buckled with a step hole at the bottom of the chassis; the chassis is hollow, the upper surface and the lower surface of the chassis are flat, and a circular truncated cone step hole matched with the suspender is formed in the middle of the chassis; the middle of the honeycomb plate is provided with a round through hole, and the honeycomb plate penetrates through the suspension rod to be directly placed on the chassis or is supported by a spacer bush to be placed in layers during assembly; the spacer bush is a wall pipe with an upper flanging and a lower flanging, is sleeved on the suspension rod, and the upper part and the lower part of the spacer bush can be detachably locked with the honeycomb plate or the index plate; open in the middle of the graduated disk has the round through-hole, distributes a plurality of square grooves along the circumference, and the both sides of every square groove set up detachable hasp.

2. The weld-free side entry multi-function device for use in pit furnace thermal processing of claim 1, wherein: the dividing plate and the honeycomb plate are multiple, and the spacer sleeves are multiple and designed to be different in height.

3. The weld-free side entry multi-function device for use in pit furnace thermal processing of claim 1, wherein: round hole pins or clamping grooves for positioning the upper layer and the lower layer are arranged on the flanging of the spacer sleeve, and corresponding buckles are also arranged on the dividing plate and the honeycomb plate.

4. The weld-free side entry multi-function device for use in a shaft furnace heat treatment of claim 1, wherein: and reinforcing ribs are arranged below the dividing plate.

5. The weld-free side entry multi-function device for use in a shaft furnace heat treatment of claim 4, wherein: the lock catch is a square or round pin shaft with positioning pins at two ends, and shaft holes into which the square or round pin shaft can be inserted are formed in two sides of the square groove.

6. The weld-free side entry multi-function device for use in a shaft furnace heat treatment of claim 1, wherein: and a groove is formed in the vertical section of the spacer bush.

7. The weld-free side entry multi-function device for use in a shaft furnace heat treatment of claim 1, wherein: the chassis and the index plate are respectively provided with an anti-collision pad.

8. The weld-free side entry multi-function device for use in pit furnace thermal processing of claim 1, wherein: and jacks are arranged at the outer edges of the honeycomb plates, and rails are inserted into the jacks.

9. The weld-free side entry multi-function device for use in pit furnace thermal processing of claim 1, wherein: the index plate is provided with a plurality of rows of parallel positioning holes for the lock catches.

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