CN214626819U - Active rectifier without diode - Google Patents
Active rectifier without diode Download PDFInfo
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- CN214626819U CN214626819U CN202120538363.6U CN202120538363U CN214626819U CN 214626819 U CN214626819 U CN 214626819U CN 202120538363 U CN202120538363 U CN 202120538363U CN 214626819 U CN214626819 U CN 214626819U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an active rectifier without diode, which comprises a full wave signal input circuit, an ideal operational amplifier circuit, a positive half cycle signal output circuit, a resistance voltage divider circuit, a negative half cycle signal output circuit and an output zero setting circuit; the full-wave signal Ui is connected with a pin 2 of the IC1 through a resistor R1, the output end of the IC1 is sequentially connected with a potentiometer P2 and a resistor R3 to form a negative half-cycle signal output circuit, the negative half-cycle signal of the Ui is inverted, amplified and inverted into a positive half-cycle signal through an operational amplifier IC1, the signal forms a Uo1 signal through a potentiometer P2 and a resistor R3, the resistor R2 forms a positive half-cycle signal output circuit, the positive half-cycle signal of the Ui forms a Uo2 signal through a resistor R2, the Uo1 and the Uo2 are combined to form a complete full-wave rectification positive half-cycle signal Uo, the potentiometer P1 forms an output zero-setting circuit, a pin 1 of the IC1 is connected with a pin 5 of the IC1 through a potentiometer P1, and a sliding end of the potentiometer P1 is connected with working ground.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a technique for designing an active rectifier circuit, and more particularly to an active rectifier without a diode.
Background
Since all electronic devices need to use dc, but the power supply of the power company is ac, the power supply of all electronic devices has no rectifier inside unless battery power is used.
The rectifier is a rectifying device, in short, a device for converting Alternating Current (AC) into Direct Current (DC), and its application mainly includes two aspects, and the strong electric aspect is mainly the application of power supply device, for example, it can be used for providing voltage with fixed polarity required by electric welding, and also can be used in various railway locomotive systems to implement the function of traction motor.
Weak current applications also include detecting radio signals, such as rectifiers used in Amplitude Modulated (AM) radio signal detection, because diode conduction has the following limitations: the working signal voltage must exceed the turn-on voltage of the diodeU ONTherefore, the radio signal may be amplified before detection (the amplitude of the signal is amplified), and if not, a very low voltage drop must be used: (U ON) The diode of (2) is one of the disadvantages of using diode rectification, and when using the rectifier for demodulation, the capacitor and the load resistor must be carefully matched, and when the capacitor is too small, the high frequency component is excessively transmitted, and when the capacitor is too large, the signal is suppressed.
The application of any rectifier can be divided into active rectification and passive rectification, wherein the active rectification is the passive rectification, and the passive rectification is the same as that seen in ordinary times, and because the diode has the unidirectional conductive characteristic, a half-bridge or full-bridge circuit can be formed by a plurality of rectifier diodes to realize the passive rectification function.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide an active rectifier technology with simple structure, low cost and reliable use.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an active rectifier without diode, which comprises a full-wave signal input circuit, an ideal operational amplifier circuit, a positive half-cycle signal output circuit, a resistance voltage divider circuit, a negative half-cycle signal output circuit, and an output zeroing circuit; the full-wave input signal Ui is connected with the inverting input end of the ideal operational amplifier circuit IC1 through the full-wave signal input circuit resistor R1, the non-inverting input end of the IC1 is connected with a working ground, the output end of the ideal operational amplifier IC1 is sequentially connected with the feedback resistor potentiometer P2 and the resistor R3 to form the negative half-cycle signal output circuit, the negative half-cycle signal of Ui is inverted and amplified through the operational amplifier IC1 to be converted into a positive half-cycle signal, the positive half-cycle signal is subjected to voltage reduction output through the potentiometer P2 and the resistor R3 to form a part Uo1 of the output signal Uo, the resistors R2, R3 and the potentiometer P2 form the resistor divider circuit, the resistor R2 of the resistor divider circuit forms the positive half-cycle signal output circuit, the positive half-cycle signal of Ui is subjected to voltage reduction output through the resistor R2 to form the other part Uo2 of the output signal Uo, the Uo1 and the Uo2 are combined to form a complete rectified positive half-cycle signal Uo, and the output potentiometer P1 forms the output zero-adjusting circuit, the pin 1 of the IC1 is connected with the pin 5 of the IC1 through a potentiometer P1, and the sliding end of the potentiometer P1 is connected with the working ground.
The 1 pin of the ideal operational amplifier circuit IC1 is connected with the 8 pin of the IC1 through a capacitor C1.
Drawings
Fig. 1, 2, and 3 are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form a part of the present application, and fig. 1 is an active rectifier operating schematic; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an active rectifier without diodes; fig. 3 is an active rectifier key test point waveform.
Detailed Description
An active rectifier uses a controllable element to replace a traditional rectifier bridge for rectification so as to realize functions which cannot be realized by a traditional rectifier circuit, wherein the active rectifier is provided with a control circuit which can be composed of circuits such as a transistor, a field effect transistor or an operational amplifier
For example, an active full-wave rectifier needs four MOS transistors or an IGBT as rectifier transistors, or four thyristors to perform a high-power rectification task, and the rectifiers are controlled by a control circuit to be in a switching working state by controlling the MOS transistors and other rectifier transistors, so that the energy consumption of the rectifier transistors can be reduced as much as possible, the active rectifier can obtain higher energy efficiency, and the working principle is shown in fig. 1, in which two thyristors T are arranged1、T2As a rectifier to form a controllable rectifier circuit, and two other rectifier devices D1、D2Is a traditional diode rectifier, so the characteristic is that the rectification can be adjusted according to the requirement.
Fig. 1 shows a more conventional single-phase bridge-type controllable rectifier circuit, which is similar to the single-phase bridge rectifier circuit except that the diodes in the two arms are replaced by thyristors, and is therefore also referred to as a half-bridge circuit.
Thyristor T in FIG. 11、T2Gate control signal G1、G2An active rectifier controller LT8672 for reverse input protection is connected, which can drive a MOSFET device or a thyristor device instead of a regular rectifier diode.
When the operating signal is at zero level (i.e., zero crossing), the thyristor will be turned off if the gate control voltage is also exactly zero.
The active rectifier described herein is applied to the ac to dc conversion, but it is understood that the active rectifier can also be applied to the processing of weak electrical signals such as radio signals, which are usually weak, but it is mentioned above that the voltage of the working signal of the ordinary rectifier diode must exceed the turn-on voltage of the diode itselfU ONThis is very disadvantageous for radio signals.
The active rectifier described above is very distinctive for power supply rectification, but has no advantage in the application of weak current signals, and an active rectifier specially processing weak current signals can be designed, which takes advantage of the characteristic of an ideal operational amplifier circuit that when the power supply of the operational amplifier is asymmetric, the output of the operational amplifier cannot become negative, which is very similar to the action of a single-phase rectifier, but can adapt to the condition that the voltage drops to 0 volt.
The electrical principle of the active rectifier is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen that the active rectifier includes a full-wave signal input circuit, an ideal operational amplifier circuit, a positive half-cycle signal output circuit, a voltage divider circuit, a negative half-cycle signal output circuit, an output zeroing circuit, and the like.
In fig. 2, an ideal op-amp, of the type CA3130, is used, which is well suited for use in such active rectifier circuits, since the op-amp circuit can accommodate a drop in input voltage to 0 volts, and CA3130 is accompanied by a CMOS output stage that also operates with a drop in voltage to 0 volts.
At a supply voltage of 15v, the maximum input level is about 1.2Vrms (effective value), and the output level varies by no more than 1dB when the rectification frequency ranges from dc to 25 kHz.
Full-wave electric signal passes through input resistor R1Connected to the inverting input terminal of an ideal operational amplifier, the output terminal of which passes through a potentiometer P2Resistance R3The output circuit outputs half-wave rectification signal, and the reverse phase input end and the half-wave rectification output end of the ideal operational amplifier are connected via a resistor R2Voltage, parallel connection and negative feedback are formed, and because the non-inverting input end of the ideal operational amplifier is connected with the working ground, the ideal operational amplifier IC1And a resistor R1、R2Form an inverse proportional operational amplifier circuit, and output voltageU oThis can be found by the following equation:
whereinU iThe resistance is in ohms and the voltage is in volts for a full wave input signal voltage.
From the above formula, since the input signal is inputted from the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier, when the full-wave input signal passes through the input resistor R1Enter an ideal operational amplifier IC1When the input end (inverting end, 2-pin) is used, the negative half cycle signal (shown in fig. 2) of the full-wave signal can be inverted and amplified through the inverting proportional operational amplifier circuit. If according to the resistance R shown in FIG. 21、R2Parameters of the proportional amplifier
。
The positive half cycle signal passes through the inverting proportional operational amplifier circuit, although the phase may be inverted, but as mentioned above, the ideal operational amplifier IC1Cannot become a negative value, and the power supply of the operational amplifier is an asymmetric power supply (the symmetric power supply is ± 15V, and the asymmetric power supply is single + 15V), so that the output value (6 pins) of the operational amplifier is maintained at 0V.
At the same time, the resistance R1、R2、R3And a potentiometer P2Forming a voltage divider through which the positive half-cycle part of the full-wave signal is applied to the operational amplifier IC1Note the current direction of the resistor divider, since the pin 6 of the output terminal outputs "0" value from the positive half cycle signal of the full-wave signal through the inverse proportion amplifying circuit, the current direction of the resistor divider is: u shapeiPositive half cycle → resistor R2→ electrical resistance R3→ potentiometer P2→IC 16 feet.
The result is at the output of the active rectifierU OThe terminals only appear in the positive half cycle (composed of the inverted signal of the original negative half cycle signal and the voltage divider signal of the original positive half cycle signal).
The above signal processing process is as if the full-wave rectification of the conventional rectifier occurs, in which the potentiometer P2The power supply asymmetry can be correctly set so that the inverted negative half cycle signal peak (which has been inverted to a positive value) and the positive half cycle signal peak (which has been inverted to a positive value) have equal "positive half-axis" signal peaks, as shown in fig. 3U OShown in waveform, wherein UIC1-2Is an IC1The positive half-cycle signal waveform of the second pin can be more easily understood compared with the output signal of a full-bridge rectifier consisting of common diodes.
When IC1When the input end (2 pin, inverting input end) of the potentiometer is short-circuited to the working ground, the potentiometer P is adjusted1Make fortune put IC1The output is zero.
The active rectifier has characteristics of low input impedance (the impedance of a signal source is not more than 100 Ω) and high impedance output (the impedance of a load is not less than 1M Ω) which are appropriate for the detection function of processing a radio reception signal.
If neither the signal source impedance nor the load impedance can meet the above requirements, R must be varied1Or R3Resistance value of (2): r1Plus the signal source impedance should be about 2.2K Ω, and R3The value of the parallel connection to the load impedance must be about 10K omega.
The active rectifier designed by utilizing the characteristic that the output value of the asymmetric power supply proportional operation amplifying circuit cannot be negative cannot be used for processing the power supply rectification function in the power supply design, but the detection function for processing the radio receiving signal is very suitable because the active rectifier eliminates the defect that the forward conduction of a common diode has the door opening voltage (or the opening voltage), can completely and correctly process the weak radio receiving signal, and does not need to be amplified firstly. The active rectifier can also be applied to various aspects of electronic design and has higher performance-to-cost ratio.
Claims (2)
1. An active rectifier without diode, characterized in that: the active rectifier comprises a full-wave signal input circuit, an ideal operational amplifier circuit, a positive half-cycle signal output circuit, a resistance voltage divider circuit, a negative half-cycle signal output circuit and an output zeroing circuit; the full-wave input signal Ui is connected with the inverting input end of the ideal operational amplifier circuit IC1 through the full-wave signal input circuit resistor R1, the non-inverting input end of the IC1 is connected with a working ground, the output end of the ideal operational amplifier IC1 is sequentially connected with the feedback resistor potentiometer P2 and the resistor R3 to form the negative half-cycle signal output circuit, the negative half-cycle signal of Ui is inverted and amplified through the operational amplifier IC1 to be converted into a positive half-cycle signal, the positive half-cycle signal is subjected to voltage reduction output through the potentiometer P2 and the resistor R3 to form a part Uo1 of the output signal Uo, the resistors R2, R3 and the potentiometer P2 form the resistor divider circuit, the resistor R2 of the resistor divider circuit forms the positive half-cycle signal output circuit, the positive half-cycle signal of Ui is subjected to voltage reduction output through the resistor R2 to form the other part Uo2 of the output signal Uo, the Uo1 and the Uo2 are combined to form a complete rectified positive half-cycle signal Uo, and the output potentiometer P1 forms the output zero-adjusting circuit, the pin 1 of the IC1 is connected with the pin 5 of the IC1 through a potentiometer P1, and the sliding end of the potentiometer P1 is connected with the working ground.
2. A diode-less active rectifier as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the 1 pin of the ideal operational amplifier circuit IC1 is connected with the 8 pin of the IC1 through a capacitor C1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120538363.6U CN214626819U (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Active rectifier without diode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120538363.6U CN214626819U (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Active rectifier without diode |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214626819U true CN214626819U (en) | 2021-11-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120538363.6U Expired - Fee Related CN214626819U (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Active rectifier without diode |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN214626819U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-03-16 CN CN202120538363.6U patent/CN214626819U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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