CN214626410U - Battery management system - Google Patents

Battery management system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN214626410U
CN214626410U CN202120126522.1U CN202120126522U CN214626410U CN 214626410 U CN214626410 U CN 214626410U CN 202120126522 U CN202120126522 U CN 202120126522U CN 214626410 U CN214626410 U CN 214626410U
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battery
module
battery pack
switch
single battery
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罗宝仙
陈炜明
贺盾
孟超
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Xiamen Haitai New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Xiamen Haitai New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery management system, include: the collection module for gather single cell's in the group battery voltage and temperature parameter information, still include: the switch module is used for bypassing the single batteries in the battery pack; the control module is electrically connected with the acquisition module and the switch module and is used for controlling the switch module to bypass the corresponding single battery when the battery pack has the single battery with abnormal work or over-temperature according to the parameter information; each single battery in the battery pack is connected in series, and each single battery corresponds to one switch module so as to improve the capacity and efficiency of the battery pack.

Description

Battery management system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a battery technology field, concretely relates to battery management system.
Background
In the prior art, in order to solve the problem of difference between the single batteries in the battery pack, the single batteries are often balanced to improve the capacity and efficiency of the battery pack.
The equalization modules are mainly classified into two categories, namely active equalization and passive equalization.
Passive equalization generally releases the 'extra electric quantity' of a high-capacity battery in a resistance heat release mode, so that the aim of equalization is fulfilled.
Active equalization, in which electric energy is released to the outside through an equalization module when the electric quantity of a corresponding single battery is too high, so as to transfer the redundant electric quantity to other high-capacity battery packs or recharge the battery packs to the battery pack where the battery pack is located; on the contrary, when the electric quantity of the corresponding single battery is too low, the external power supply can be charged by the equalization module and can be the battery pack where the external power supply is located or other battery packs.
However, under active equalization, when the equalization module equalizes the abnormally operated single batteries in the battery pack, the single batteries still work, so that the equalization current is lower, the equalization efficiency is lower, and the capacity and the efficiency of the battery pack are influenced; in addition, compared with passive equalization, active equalization has higher cost, complex circuit and low reliability.
In conclusion, the problem of how to increase the capacity and efficiency of the battery pack remains to be further improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned defect or problem that exist among the background art, provide a battery management system to improve the capacity and the efficiency of group battery.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a battery management system, comprising: the collection module for gather single cell's in the group battery voltage and temperature parameter information, still include: the switch module is used for bypassing the single batteries in the battery pack; the control module is electrically connected with the acquisition module and the switch module and is used for controlling the switch module to bypass the corresponding single battery when the battery pack has the single battery with abnormal work or over-temperature according to the parameter information; each single battery in the battery pack is connected in series, and each single battery corresponds to one switch module.
Further, the switch module comprises a change-over switch, a first diode and a second diode; the switch comprises a normally closed end, a normally open end and a common end, wherein the normally closed end is connected with the negative electrode of the single battery in the battery pack, the normally open end is connected with the positive electrode of the single battery in the battery pack through a first diode in reverse connection, the common end is connected with the positive electrode of the next-stage single battery in the battery pack or the negative electrode of the single battery with the lowest voltage in the battery pack, and the common end is connected with the positive electrode of the single battery in the battery pack through a second diode in forward connection.
Further, the switch module further comprises a switch driving circuit; the change-over switch is a relay; the change-over switch driving circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a triode, a third diode and a first capacitor; the emitter of the triode is connected with a working power supply and is connected with the base thereof through the first resistor; one end of the second resistor is electrically connected with the control module, and the other end of the second resistor is connected with the base electrode of the triode; the collector of the triode is grounded through the third diode which is reversely connected; the first capacitor and the coil of the relay are connected with the third diode tube in parallel.
Further, the control module is further configured to control the corresponding relay to switch from the normally closed end to the normally open end thereof to bypass the corresponding single battery when a difference between a highest voltage and a lowest voltage of the single battery in the battery pack in the charging state is greater than a first threshold and the highest voltage is greater than a second threshold.
Further, the control module is also used for controlling the corresponding relay to be switched from the normally closed end to the normally open end when the voltage of the single battery in the battery pack in the discharging state is smaller than a third threshold value, so as to bypass the corresponding single battery.
Further, the device also comprises an equalization module; the balancing module is used for balancing the single batteries in the battery pack, and each single battery corresponds to one balancing module; the control module is also used for starting the balancing module when the difference value between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single batteries in the battery pack is greater than a fourth threshold value, and closing the balancing module when the difference value is less than a fifth threshold value.
Further, the device also comprises a communication module; the communication module is used for connecting the control module and the upper computer in a telecommunication way.
Furthermore, the control module sequentially checks the capacity of the bypassed single batteries through the balancing module and sends the capacity to the upper computer through the communication module.
As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. through setting up switch module to when having work anomaly or the battery cell of excess temperature according to parameter information in the group battery through control module, the mode of the battery cell that the control switch module bypass corresponds for when having work anomaly or the battery cell of excess temperature in the group battery, the group battery that comprises other battery cells in the group battery still can normally work, should be provided with and do benefit to the capacity, efficiency and the security that improve the group battery.
2. Through set up change over switch in switch module, the mode of first diode and second diode, make change over switch be located the end that normally closes, each battery in the group battery is established ties each other and normally works, when change over switch is located the end that normally opens, if the group battery is in the discharge state, the electric current flows through from the second diode of this battery with organizing, with this battery of bypass, avoid its normal work of the group battery of influence by other battery, if the group battery is in the charged state, the electric current flows through from the first diode of this battery with organizing, with this battery of bypass, and then provide the capacity that a specific implementation mode improves the group battery, efficiency and security.
3. Through setting change over switch to the relay to a change over switch drive circuit is provided, so that control module can control switch module and carry out the bypass to the abnormal battery cell of work and switch over, and then do not influence the work of the group battery of constituteing by other battery cells, improve capacity, efficiency and the security of group battery.
4. When the difference value between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single batteries in the battery pack in the charging state is larger than the first threshold value and the highest voltage is larger than the second threshold value, the relay is controlled to be switched from the normally closed end to the normally open end, and the single batteries corresponding to the relay are bypassed, so that the problem that certain single batteries are overcharged due to the difference of the capacities among the single batteries in the charging process of the battery pack is avoided, and further the capacity and the efficiency of the battery pack are influenced.
5. When the voltage of a single battery in the battery pack in the discharging state is smaller than a third threshold value, the corresponding relay is controlled to be switched to a normally open end from a normally closed end of the relay, and the single battery corresponding to the bypass is used, so that the phenomenon that a certain single battery is over-discharged due to the difference between the single batteries in the discharging process of the battery pack, and further the capacity and the efficiency of the battery pack are influenced is avoided.
6. The capacity and the efficiency of the battery pack are improved by arranging a corresponding balancing module for each single battery, starting the balancing module when the difference value between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single battery in the battery pack is greater than a fourth threshold value, closing the balancing module when the difference value is less than a fifth threshold value, and setting the fourth threshold value to be less than the first threshold value; the principle for realizing the technical effect is as follows: in the charging process of the battery pack, the charging current is often larger than the current of the equalizing module; therefore, when the difference value between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single battery in the battery pack is higher, the single battery can be balanced by the balancing module with smaller balancing current to reduce the voltage difference value of the single battery, and only when the balancing module cannot reduce the voltage difference value, the charging current is cut off in a bypass mode to achieve the effect of voltage balance.
7. The communication module is arranged between the control module and the upper computer, so that the control module can send the collected battery parameter information to the upper computer through the communication module, and the switching of the switch module is controlled by manually observing the parameter information of each single battery in real time.
8. The battery pack control method has the advantages that the control module is arranged to check the capacity of the single batteries in the battery pack, and then the parameter information of the checked capacity is sent to the upper computer, so that a user can know the health state of the battery pack more intuitively and quickly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a switch module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main reference numerals:
the device comprises an acquisition module 1 and a balancing module 2; a control module MCU;
the switch module T, the change-over switch S, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2;
the circuit comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a triode Q1, a third diode D3 and a first capacitor C1;
communication module 3, external power source 4.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the invention and should not be considered as excluding other embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the claims, the specification and the drawings, unless otherwise expressly limited, the terms "first," "second," or "third," etc. are used for distinguishing between different elements and not for describing a particular sequence.
In the claims, the specification and the drawings, unless otherwise expressly limited, all directional or positional relationships, such as those using the terms "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like, are based on the directional or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings and are for the purpose of convenience in describing the invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
In the claims, the description and the drawings of the present application, unless otherwise expressly limited, the term "fixedly connected" or "fixedly connected" is used, which is to be understood broadly, that is, any connection mode without displacement relation or relative rotation relation between the two, that is, including non-detachably fixed connection, integrated connection and fixed connection through other devices or elements.
In the claims, the specification and the drawings, the terms "including", "comprising" and variations thereof, if used, are intended to be inclusive and not limiting.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the utility model discloses a battery management system, it includes collection module 1, balanced module 2, communication module 3, switch module T and control module MCU.
The acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring parameter information of the single batteries in the battery pack, and in the embodiment of the utility model, the acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring the voltage and the temperature of each single battery in the battery pack; wherein, the battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of single batteries in series.
The balancing module 2 is used for balancing the single batteries in the battery pack; it should be noted that the equalization module 2 may be active equalization or passive equalization, and in the present novel embodiment, active equalization is taken as an example; in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the equalizing modules 2 is the same as the number of the single cells in the battery pack.
The switch module T is used for bypassing the single battery in the battery pack and comprises a change-over switch S, a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a change-over switch S driving circuit; the utility model discloses an in the embodiment, the quantity of switch module T is unanimous with the quantity of each battery cell in the group battery.
The change-over switch S comprises a normally closed end, a normally open end and a common end, wherein the normally closed end is connected with the cathode of the single battery in the battery pack, the normally open end is connected with the anode of the single battery in the battery pack through a first diode D1 in reverse connection, the common end is connected with the anode of the next-stage single battery in the battery pack or the cathode of the single battery with the lowest voltage in the battery pack, and the common end is connected with the anode of the single battery in the battery pack through a second diode D2 in forward connection.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the switch S is a relay.
The switch S drive circuit is used for driving the relay to switch and comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a triode Q1, a third diode D3 and a first capacitor C1.
The emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with a working power supply and is connected with the base thereof through the first resistor R1; in this embodiment, the operating power supply is + 5V; one end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected with the control module MCU, and the other end is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q1; the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the cathode of the third diode D3; the anode of the third diode D3 is grounded; the first capacitor C1 and the coil of the relay are connected in parallel with a third diode D3.
Control module MCU is connected with collection module 1, balanced module 2 and switch module T electricity respectively the utility model discloses an in the embodiment, control module MCU is the singlechip, and its type is DSPIC33FJ128GP708 a.
Wherein, each battery cell in the group battery establishes ties, and each battery cell all corresponds an equalizing module 2 and a switch module T the utility model discloses an in the embodiment, each equalizing module 2 is parallelly connected with the battery cell that corresponds, and each switch module T establishes ties with the battery cell that corresponds.
The communication module 3 is used for connecting the control module MCU and the upper computer in a telecommunication way, so that the control module MCU can send the parameter information of each single battery in the battery pack to the upper computer through the communication module 3.
The control module MCU is used for controlling the switch module T to bypass the corresponding single battery when the battery pack has the single battery with abnormal work or over-temperature according to the parameter information so as to improve the capacity, the efficiency and the safety of the battery pack; in the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the battery with the single battery is over-temperature when the temperature exceeds 60 ℃, and the battery with the single battery is abnormal when the voltage is 0V.
The control module MCU is also used for controlling the corresponding relay to be switched from the normally closed end to the normally open end of the relay to bypass the corresponding single battery when the difference value of the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single battery in the battery pack in the charging state is larger than a first threshold value and the highest voltage is larger than a second threshold value; in an embodiment of the present invention, the first threshold is 0.25V, and the second threshold is 3.65V; this setting has avoided the group battery at the in-process that charges, because the problem of capacity difference between the battery cell leads to certain battery cell to overcharge, and then influences the condition of the capacity and the efficiency of group battery.
The control module MCU is also used for controlling the corresponding relay to be switched from the normally closed end to the normally open end when the voltage of the single battery in the battery pack in the discharging state is smaller than a third threshold value so as to bypass the corresponding single battery; in an embodiment of the present invention, the third threshold is 2.5V; this setting has avoided the group battery at the in-process that discharges, because the problem of difference between the battery cell leads to certain battery cell to put excessively, and then influences the capacity and the efficiency of group battery.
The control module MCU is also used for starting the balancing module 2 when the difference value of the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single batteries in the battery pack is greater than a fourth threshold value, and closing the balancing module 2 when the difference value is less than a fifth threshold value, wherein the fourth threshold value is less than the first threshold value; in an embodiment of the present invention, the fourth threshold is 0.03V, and the fifth threshold is 0.01V; according to the arrangement, when the difference value between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single battery in the battery pack is higher, the single battery can be balanced through the balancing module 2 with smaller balancing current to reduce the voltage difference value of the single battery, and only when the balancing module 2 does not reach the speed of reducing the voltage difference value, the charging current is cut off in a bypass mode to achieve the effect of voltage balancing; the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, balanced module 2 shifts to external power source 4 through the electric quantity with the battery cell of voltage on the high side to reduce this battery cell's voltage.
In other embodiments, when the threshold is not set in the controller, the parameter information of each single battery can be sent to the upper computer through the communication module 3, the single battery needing to be bypassed is determined in a mode of manually observing the parameter information of each single battery in real time, and the switching of the switch module T is controlled through the control module MCU.
The control module MCU also sequentially checks the capacity of the bypassed single batteries through the balancing module 2 and sends the capacity to the upper computer through the communication module 3.
In a specific working process, when two ends of the battery pack are connected with a load, the battery pack is in a discharging state; the control module MCU obtains the voltage and temperature parameter information of each single battery in the battery pack through the acquisition module 1.
When the battery pack is in a charging state, and when the temperature of a single battery in the battery pack is higher than 60 ℃ or the voltage of the single battery is 0V, the control module MCU starts the switch module T corresponding to the single battery, so that the relay in the switch module T is switched from the normally closed end to the normally open end to bypass the single battery, and at this time, the current flows through the corresponding second diode D2.
When the difference between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of a single battery in the battery pack is greater than 0.25V and the highest voltage is greater than 3.65V, the control module MCU turns on the switch module T corresponding to the single battery, so that the relay in the switch module is switched from the normally closed end to the normally open end to bypass the single battery, and at this time, the current flows through the second diode D2.
When a single battery in the battery pack has a difference value between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single battery which is greater than 0.03V, the control module MCU starts the equalizing module 2, the equalizing module 2 can reduce the difference value between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single battery by transferring the electric quantity of the single battery to an external power source 4 or other battery packs, but the equalizing circuit is often smaller than the charging current; therefore, when the equalizing module 2 does not reach the speed of reducing the voltage difference, the switching module T is turned on to bypass the single battery and cut off the charging current, so as to achieve the effect of voltage balancing.
When the battery pack is in a discharging state, and when the temperature of a single battery in the battery pack is higher than 60 ℃ or the voltage of the single battery is 0V, the control module MCU starts the switch module T corresponding to the single battery, so that the relay in the switch module T is switched from the normally closed end to the normally open end to bypass the single battery, and at this time, the current flows through the corresponding second diode D1.
When the voltage of a single battery in the battery pack is less than 2.5V, the control module MCU turns on the switch module T corresponding to the single battery, so that the relay in the switch module T is switched from the normally closed end to the normally open end to bypass the single battery, and at this time, the current flows through the first diode D1.
Meanwhile, in order to facilitate a user to more intuitively and quickly know the health state of each single battery in the battery pack, the control module MCU also performs capacity checking on the bypassed single battery; when a certain single battery is subjected to capacity checking, the control module MCU bypasses the single battery through the switch module T, and performs charge and discharge through the balancing module 2, so that a capacity checking result is obtained, and the health state of the battery is checked; wherein the health status is calculated as follows: when the battery capacity is set to be 100%, the corresponding health state is 100; when the battery capacity is 80%, the state of health value is { (current battery capacity/new battery capacity) -80% }/(1-80%); therefore, the user can directly observe the health state value to quickly judge the health state of the battery.
To sum up, the utility model provides a battery management system has not only solved the problem of the monomer battery difference nature in the group battery, and has improved the capacity and the efficiency of group battery.
The description of the above specification and examples is intended to illustrate the scope of the invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Modifications, equivalents and other improvements which may be made to the embodiments of the invention or to some of the technical features thereof by a person of ordinary skill in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experimentation in light of the above teachings of the invention or the above embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A battery management system, comprising:
the collection module is used for collecting the voltage and temperature parameter information of the single battery in the battery pack, and is characterized in that: further comprising: the switch module is used for bypassing the single batteries in the battery pack;
the control module is electrically connected with the acquisition module and the switch module and is used for controlling the single battery corresponding to the bypass of the switch module when the battery pack has the single battery with abnormal work or over-temperature according to the parameter information;
each single battery in the battery pack is connected in series, and each single battery corresponds to one switch module.
2. A battery management system according to claim 1, wherein: the switch module comprises a change-over switch, a first diode and a second diode;
the switch comprises a normally closed end, a normally open end and a common end, wherein the normally closed end is connected with the negative electrode of the single battery in the battery pack, the normally open end is connected with the positive electrode of the single battery in the battery pack through the first diode which is connected in the reverse direction, the common end is connected with the positive electrode of the next-stage single battery in the battery pack or the negative electrode of the single battery with the lowest voltage in the battery pack, and the common end is connected with the positive electrode of the single battery in the battery pack through the second diode which is connected in the forward direction.
3. A battery management system according to claim 2, wherein: the switch module further comprises a switch driving circuit; the change-over switch is a relay; the change-over switch driving circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a triode, a third diode and a first capacitor;
the emitting electrode of the triode is connected with a working power supply and is connected with the base electrode of the triode through the first resistor; one end of the second resistor is electrically connected with the control module, and the other end of the second resistor is connected with the base electrode of the triode;
the collector of the triode is grounded through the third diode which is reversely connected;
the first capacitor and the coil of the relay are connected with the third diode tube in parallel.
4. A battery management system according to claim 3, wherein: the control module is further used for controlling the corresponding relay to be switched from the normally closed end to the normally open end when the difference value between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single batteries in the battery pack in the charging state is larger than a first threshold value and the highest voltage is larger than a second threshold value so as to bypass the corresponding single batteries.
5. A battery management system according to claim 4, wherein: the control module is further used for controlling the corresponding relay to be switched from the normally closed end to the normally open end of the relay when the voltage of the single battery in the battery pack in the discharging state is smaller than a third threshold value, so as to bypass the corresponding single battery.
6. A battery management system according to claim 5, wherein: the device also comprises an equalization module; the balancing module is used for balancing the single batteries in the battery pack, and each single battery corresponds to one balancing module; the control module is further used for starting the balancing module when the difference value between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single batteries in the battery pack is larger than a fourth threshold value, and closing the balancing module when the difference value is smaller than a fifth threshold value, wherein the fourth threshold value is smaller than the first threshold value.
7. A battery management system according to claim 6, wherein: the device also comprises a communication module; the communication module is used for telecommunication connection with the control module and the upper computer.
8. A battery management system according to claim 7, wherein: the control module is also used for sequentially carrying out core capacity on the bypassed single batteries through the balancing module and sending the core capacity to the upper computer through the communication module.
CN202120126522.1U 2021-01-18 2021-01-18 Battery management system Active CN214626410U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114188625A (en) * 2021-12-07 2022-03-15 北京国电通网络技术有限公司 Battery monomer control method and device
CN116031986A (en) * 2023-03-27 2023-04-28 深圳市安仕新能源科技有限公司 Battery management system and battery management method
CN117833417A (en) * 2024-01-05 2024-04-05 深圳市昔诺达科技有限公司 Constant power control circuit, method, terminal and readable storage medium for battery pack

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114188625A (en) * 2021-12-07 2022-03-15 北京国电通网络技术有限公司 Battery monomer control method and device
CN114188625B (en) * 2021-12-07 2022-09-27 北京国电通网络技术有限公司 Battery monomer control method and device
CN116031986A (en) * 2023-03-27 2023-04-28 深圳市安仕新能源科技有限公司 Battery management system and battery management method
CN116031986B (en) * 2023-03-27 2023-07-18 深圳市安仕新能源科技有限公司 Battery management system and battery management method
CN117833417A (en) * 2024-01-05 2024-04-05 深圳市昔诺达科技有限公司 Constant power control circuit, method, terminal and readable storage medium for battery pack

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