CN214589013U - Heat management equipment, battery equipment and electronic equipment based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a heat management equipment, battery equipment and electronic equipment based on two-stage phase transition heat transfer, wherein, heat management equipment based on two-stage phase transition heat transfer establishes the heat transfer shell in the samming chamber in including, sets up in samming intracavity and both ends wear to establish to the outer heat transfer passageway of heat transfer shell, fills annotates the first phase transition medium in the samming intracavity and circulates the second phase transition medium in heat transfer passageway. The utility model discloses combine together the temperature-uniforming chamber with heat transfer passageway, in the temperature-uniforming chamber, set up first phase transition medium in the heat transfer passageway respectively, the second phase transition medium, first phase transition medium realizes the heat transfer between heat transfer equipment and the heat transfer passageway with phase transition heat transfer's mode, and the heat transfer between heat transfer passageway and the external world is realized with phase transition heat transfer's mode to the second phase transition heat transfer through first phase transition medium and second phase transition medium, to needing heat transfer equipment to heat rise or cool down, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the temperature that guarantees to need heat transfer equipment is balanced.

Description

Heat management equipment, battery equipment and electronic equipment based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a heat transfer technology field particularly, relates to a heat management equipment, battery equipment and electronic equipment based on two-stage phase transition heat transfer.

Background

The temperature has a large influence on the battery performance, including internal resistance, charging performance, discharging performance, safety, life, and the like of the battery. When the temperature of the battery is too low, the internal resistance of the battery is increased, the electrochemical reaction speed is slowed down, the polarization internal resistance is rapidly increased, the discharge capacity and the discharge platform of the battery are reduced, and further the output of the power and the energy of the battery is influenced, and the charge and discharge efficiency of the battery is influenced. When the temperature of the battery is too high, harmful reactions such as decomposition of electrodes and electrolytes may occur, which may permanently damage the internal junction structure of the battery, and even cause explosion of the battery.

In addition, a phenomenon in which the temperature in the battery pack is not uniform may occur when the battery pack is applied. For example, a battery pack applied to an electric vehicle is a key component of the electric vehicle, which directly affects the good performance of the electric vehicle, but the vehicle loading space is limited, and the number of batteries required by the vehicle is large, so that the batteries in the electric vehicle are all tightly arranged and connected. When the vehicle runs under different running conditions of alternating high speed, low speed, acceleration, deceleration and the like, the battery can be discharged at different rates, a large amount of heat can be generated at different heat generation rates, and uneven heat accumulation can be generated due to time accumulation and space influence, so that the temperature of the running environment of the battery pack is complicated and variable. Because the heating battery bodies are arranged densely, the heat is inevitably accumulated more in the middle area, the edge area is less, the temperature imbalance among units in the battery pack is increased, and the inconsistency of the internal resistance and the capacity of each battery module and each monomer is aggravated. If the accumulation time is long, the over-charge and over-discharge of partial batteries can be caused, the service life and the performance of the batteries are further influenced, and potential safety hazards are caused. If the battery pack of the electric automobile cannot be ventilated and radiated in time at high temperature, the temperature of the battery pack system is overhigh or the temperature distribution is uneven, the charge-discharge cycle efficiency of the battery is reduced finally, the power and the energy performance of the battery are influenced, and thermal runaway is caused in serious conditions to influence the safety and the reliability of the battery. Therefore, in order to optimize the performance and life of the battery pack, it is necessary to optimize the structure of the battery pack, thermally manage it, add heat dissipation facilities, and control the temperature environment in which the battery operates.

In the prior art, air cooling and liquid cooling are the mainstream modes used in a battery thermal management system, but when the air cooling or liquid cooling mode is adopted, the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet of a cooling medium (air or other liquid) is large, so that the temperature difference between batteries arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the cooling medium is large. The battery heat management system also adopts a heat pump air conditioning system mode to heat or cool, but because the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant single-phase area is lower than that of the two-phase area (the overheating section of the evaporator and the overheating section and the supercooling section of the condenser), and the inlet temperature of the refrigerant of the condenser is far higher than the outlet temperature, the temperature distribution among the battery monomers along the flow channel direction is uneven. In addition, when the heat dissipation means is arranged only at the bottom or top of the battery, the internal temperature of the battery cell may be non-uniform in a direction perpendicular to the flow channel due to the large internal thermal resistance of the battery.

Disclosure of Invention

The present description provides a thermal management device, a battery device, and an electronic device based on two-stage phase change heat exchange, to overcome at least one technical problem in the prior art.

In a first aspect, according to the present specification, there is provided a thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange, including: the phase change heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange shell internally provided with a temperature equalizing cavity, a heat exchange channel arranged in the temperature equalizing cavity and with two ends penetrating to the outside of the heat exchange shell, a first phase change medium filled in the temperature equalizing cavity and a second phase change medium circulating in the heat exchange channel.

Optionally, the heat exchange housing comprises a heat exchange shell and a cover body which are connected with each other; the vacuum temperature equalizing cavity is formed between the heat exchange shell and the cover body.

Optionally, a first capillary layer is disposed on an inner wall of the heat exchange housing.

Further optionally, the device further comprises a support column; one or more supporting columns are arranged in the temperature equalizing cavity.

Still further optionally, a second capillary layer is arranged on the outer side surface of the supporting column.

Still further optionally, the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer each include a porous wick structure and a micro-channel structure.

Optionally, the heat exchange housing is made of a heat conducting material.

Optionally, the heat exchange channel is a serpentine channel.

In a second aspect, according to the present specification, there is provided a battery device comprising: the battery pack and the heat management equipment based on two-stage phase change heat exchange in the first aspect are provided.

In a third aspect, according to the present specification, there is provided an electronic apparatus comprising: the heat management equipment based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange in the first aspect.

The beneficial effects of this description are as follows:

combine together the temperature equalizing chamber with heat transfer passageway, set up first phase change medium, second phase change medium in the temperature equalizing chamber, heat transfer between heat transfer equipment and the heat transfer passageway is needed in the mode realization of phase change heat transfer to first phase change medium, and heat transfer between heat transfer passageway and the external world is realized with the mode realization of phase change heat transfer to second phase change medium, thereby through the two-stage phase change heat transfer of first phase change medium and second phase change medium, heat up or lower the temperature to needing heat transfer equipment, heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the temperature that guarantees to need heat transfer equipment is balanced.

The innovation points of the specification include:

1. the utility model discloses in, combine heat transfer passageway and samming chamber, the second phase change medium of high pressure or low pressure refrigerant is exothermic or the heat absorption to the samming chamber with phase transition heat transfer's mode in heat transfer passageway, take out samming chamber into certain vacuum and fill and annotate a certain amount of ordinary pressure refrigerant, first phase change medium promptly, the ordinary pressure refrigerant realizes the heat with phase transition heat transfer's mode and needs the transfer between indirect heating equipment and the heat transfer passageway, heat or cool down to needing indirect heating equipment through two-stage phase transition heat transfer, can improve the temperature uniformity who needs indirect heating equipment, be one of the innovation point of this specification.

2. The utility model discloses in, in the heat transfer passageway of circular pipeline is arranged in to the second phase change medium of high pressure or low pressure refrigerant, the first phase change medium of ordinary pressure refrigerant fills and annotates in the samming intracavity, adopts the mode that heat transfer passageway and samming chamber combined together, can improve the structural strength of whole thermal management equipment, and strong adaptability is applicable to the new forms of energy power automobile thermal management system under the complicated operating mode, is one of the innovation point of this specification.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is an assembly perspective view of a thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a support column of a thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange channel of a thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a first schematic structural diagram of a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram ii of a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

description of reference numerals: the device comprises a temperature equalizing cavity 1, a heat exchange shell 2, a heat exchange shell 21, a cover 22, a heat exchange channel 3, a first channel 31, a second channel 32, a first capillary layer 4, a through hole 41, a support column 5, a second capillary layer 6, a through hole 7, a battery pack 8 and a battery monomer 801 and 816.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present specification and the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The embodiment of the specification discloses heat management equipment based on two-stage phase change heat exchange, which adopts a temperature equalizing cavity and a heat exchange channel which are combined, and a first phase change medium and a second phase change medium are respectively arranged in the temperature equalizing cavity and the heat exchange channel, wherein the first phase change medium realizes heat transfer between heat exchange equipment and the heat exchange channel in a phase change heat exchange mode, and the second phase change medium realizes heat transfer between the heat exchange channel and the outside in a phase change heat exchange mode, so that the temperature of the heat exchange equipment is increased or reduced through the two-stage phase change heat exchange of the first phase change medium and the second phase change medium, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the temperature balance of the heat exchange equipment is ensured. The following are detailed below.

Fig. 1-4 illustrate a thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the heat management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange mainly includes a heat exchange housing 2, a heat exchange channel 3, a first phase-change medium (not shown in the figure), and a second phase-change medium (not shown in the figure). Wherein, equipartition chamber 1 has been seted up in heat exchange shell 2, provides the place space for heat transfer passageway 3, first phase change medium. Heat exchange channel 3 sets up in the samming chamber 1 and both ends wear to establish to the heat transfer shell 2 outside, and the second phase change medium flows into heat exchange channel 3 through heat exchange channel 3's one end, circulates in heat exchange channel 3 to flow out from the other end. First phase change medium fills and fills in samming chamber 1, contacts with heat transfer channel 3's outer wall, carries out the heat exchange through heat transfer shell 2 and needs indirect heating equipment, carries out the heat exchange with the second phase change medium that circulates in heat transfer channel 3 again, carries out the heat transfer through two-stage phase transition.

In a specific embodiment, to facilitate installation of the heat exchanging channel 3 in the heat management device, the heat exchanging casing 2 includes a heat exchanging casing 21 and a cover 22, the heat exchanging casing 21 and the cover 22 are fixedly connected to each other, so that a temperature equalizing cavity 1 is formed between the heat exchanging casing 21 and the cover 22, and the heat exchanging channel 3 is disposed in the temperature equalizing cavity 1. Further, after the cover 22 is fixedly connected to the heat exchange housing 21, the heat exchange housing 21 and the cover 22 are sealed in the circumferential direction, and specifically, the heat exchange housing and the cover can be hermetically connected through gluing, fastening, stamping, welding and the like. In addition, for guaranteeing that heat exchange housing 2 has better heat conductivity, heat exchange housing 2 is the heat conduction material, and is detailed, and the shell material of heat exchange housing 2 can select but not limited to copper, copper alloy, aluminium, aluminum alloy, iron, steel alloy or graphite alkene etc..

First phase change medium fills and fills in samming chamber 1 between heat transfer shell 2 and heat transfer passageway 3, carries out heat-conduction through heat transfer shell 2, takes place the phase transition, carries out the heat exchange with needing heat transfer apparatus, takes place to absorb heat or release heat promptly, realizes needing the phase transition heat transfer between heat transfer apparatus and the first phase change medium. Specifically, the selected first phase change medium needs to be safe and non-flammable, has a standard boiling point (normal pressure) of about 34 ℃, is still liquid at-120 ℃, and can be selected from HFE-7000 which can change phase at the normal pressure of 34 ℃ or working media with the same physical properties.

Because the operating environment temperature of the heat exchange equipment is different due to the equipment type, the operating environment and the like, the heat management equipment based on the two-stage phase-change heat exchange can vacuumize the temperature equalizing cavity 1, so that the temperature equalizing cavity 1 has a certain vacuum degree, the phase-change temperature of the first phase-change medium is changed by controlling the vacuum degree in the temperature equalizing cavity 1, and the phase-change temperature is set in a proper range, so that the different operating environment temperature requirements of the heat exchange equipment are met.

In the embodiment of the present specification, the thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange further includes a support column 5, and one or more support columns 5 are disposed in the temperature equalizing cavity 1 of the heat exchange housing 2. In a specific embodiment, the supporting column 5 is welded in the heat exchange shell 2 and is arranged between the heat exchange shell 21 and the cover 22, on one hand, when the temperature equalizing chamber 1 is vacuumized, the supporting column supports the heat exchange shell 2 to prevent the temperature equalizing chamber 1 from deforming under the action of negative pressure; on the other hand, when heat management equipment sets up in needs heat transfer equipment bottom, play the effect of support to heat exchange shell 2 to prevent that heat exchange shell 2 warp under owing to heat management equipment action of gravity.

The heat exchange channel 3 is arranged in the temperature equalizing cavity 1 of the heat exchange shell 2 and provides a circulation channel for the second phase change medium. In a specific embodiment, the heat exchange channel 3 is a serpentine channel, the head end and the tail end of the serpentine channel are provided with a second phase change medium inlet and a second phase change medium outlet, the second phase change medium absorbs heat of the temperature equalizing cavity 1 or emits heat to the temperature equalizing cavity 1 in a phase change manner in the heat exchange channel 3, and then the heat is transferred from the high-temperature heat-requiring heat exchange device to the heat exchange channel 3 or from the heat exchange channel 3 to the low-temperature heat-requiring heat exchange device through the phase change of the first phase change medium in the temperature equalizing cavity 1. Referring to fig. 4 again, the heat exchange channel 3 includes multiple sections of first channels 31 and second channels 32 for connecting two first channels 31, the first channels 31 at the head and tail ends of the heat exchange channel 3 respectively penetrate through the two through holes 7 of the heat exchange housing 2, and are disposed outside the heat exchange housing 2 to serve as a second phase change medium inlet and a second phase change medium outlet.

In a specific implementation process, the second channel 32 is arc-shaped, which is more favorable for the circulation of the second phase change medium between the two first channels 31. The first channel 31 may be a linear channel to facilitate the circulation of the second phase change medium; the contact area of the heat exchange channel 3 and the first phase change medium is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

The second phase change medium which circulates in the heat exchange channel 3 is a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant or a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, when the equipment needing to be heated needs to be heated, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is introduced into the heat exchange channel 3, heat is released into the temperature equalizing cavity 1 through condensation, and the released heat is transferred to the equipment needing to be heated by utilizing the first phase change medium; when the heat exchange equipment needs to be cooled, a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant is introduced into the heat exchange channel 3, the heat of the heat exchange equipment needs to be transferred to the heat exchange channel 3 by using the first phase change medium, and the heat in the heat exchange channel 3 is taken away by the low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant. The second phase change medium is preferably a non-toxic, non-flammable, greenhouse effect free refrigerant. The high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant includes, but is not limited to, refrigerants R134a, R22, R124, and the like.

In the embodiment of the present specification, the first capillary layer 4 is disposed on the inner wall of the heat exchange shell 2. The arrangement of the first capillary layer 4 can improve the heat exchange efficiency of the first phase change medium between the heat exchange shell 2 and the heat exchange equipment, is also beneficial to the flow of the first phase change medium in the temperature equalizing cavity 1, and can effectively solve the problem of uneven temperature of the heat exchange equipment.

In a specific embodiment, the heat exchange shell 21 and the cover 22 of the heat exchange shell 2 are respectively provided with the first capillary layer 4, wherein the first capillary layer 4 on the cover 22 is sintered or spot-welded on the inner upper wall of the cover 22, and the first capillary layer 4 on the heat exchange shell 21 is sintered or spot-welded on the inner lower wall of the heat exchange shell 21, so that the first capillary layer 4 is respectively provided on the upper surface and the lower surface in the temperature equalizing chamber 1. The first capillary layer 4 on the cover 22 is provided with through holes 41 corresponding to the support columns 5, so that the support columns 5 penetrate through the first capillary layer 4 and are connected with the cover 22. The heat exchange channel 3 is arranged at the bottom inside the heat exchange shell 21 and is in contact with the first capillary layer 4 on the heat exchange shell 21.

The first capillary layer 4 at the upper part in the uniform temperature cavity 1 mainly functions to enable the first phase change medium to flow in the uniform temperature cavity 1 for circulating heat exchange, so that the temperature of each part of the contact surface of the heat exchange shell 2 and the equipment needing heat exchange is ensured to be close, and the temperature consistency of each part of the equipment needing heat exchange is ensured. The first capillary layer 4 at the lower part in the temperature equalizing cavity 1 mainly has the functions of increasing the number of vaporization cores, improving the boiling heat exchange strength and being beneficial to improving the temperature rise rate of heat exchange equipment needing to be heated.

It should be noted and understood that "upper" of the above-mentioned "upper and lower two surfaces in the temperature-uniforming chamber 1" refers to a surface of the heat exchange housing 2 contacting the equipment to be heat-exchanged, "lower" refers to an opposite surface of the heat exchange housing 2 contacting the equipment to be heat-exchanged, and in addition, the "bottom" of the "temperature-uniforming chamber 1" mentioned in the embodiments of the present specification also refers to an opposite surface of the heat exchange housing 2 contacting the equipment to be heat-exchanged.

In the specific implementation process, the filling amount of the first phase change medium is the volume occupied by the temperature equalizing cavity 1 minus the heat exchange channel 3

–

Therefore, not only is sufficient first phase change medium ensured, but also a certain phase change space is provided for the first phase change medium. That is to say, the first phase-change medium does not fill the temperature-equalizing chamber 1, and in order to ensure that the first phase-change medium in the temperature-equalizing chamber 1 can flow into the first capillary layer 4 at the upper part in the temperature-equalizing chamber 1, as shown in fig. 3, the second capillary layer 6 is arranged on the outer side surface of each supporting column 5, and the second capillary layer 6 is connected with the first capillary layer 4 so as to suck the first phase-change medium at the bottom in the temperature-equalizing chamber 1 into the first capillary layer 4 at the upper part.

In a specific embodiment, the first capillary layer 4 and the second capillary layer 6 each include a porous wick structure including, but not limited to, a wire mesh structure, a sintered copper powder, and a wick structure formed of a foamed metal, and a micro-channel structure.

The above is an introduction to each component of the two-stage phase-change heat exchange-based thermal management device provided in this embodiment and the connection relationship between the components, and the following details the working principle and the working process of the two-stage phase-change heat exchange-based thermal management device with reference to fig. 1 to 4.

In the embodiment of the present description, the heat management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange can perform heating, refrigeration, heat equalization, and the like according to the requirements of heat exchange devices, and the specific implementation scheme is as follows:

when heat exchange equipment needs to be heated, a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the heat exchange channel 3 from a second phase change medium inlet of the heat exchange channel 3, the refrigerant in the heat exchange channel emits heat into the temperature equalizing cavity 1, the first phase change medium in the temperature equalizing cavity 1 absorbs the heat to form a saturated gaseous working medium, the gaseous working medium moves upwards under the action of a small pressure difference, the refrigerant runs into the cold heat exchange shell 2 to emit heat, and then the heat is transmitted to the heat exchange equipment needing to be heated in a heat conduction mode through the heat exchange shell 2. And the condensed liquid formed after the gaseous working medium is condensed flows back to the bottom of the uniform temperature cavity 1 again under the capillary action or the gravity action of the wicks of the first capillary layer 4 and the second capillary layer 6 for next circulation. Because the first capillary layer 4 is arranged at the bottom of the uniform temperature cavity 1, the number of vaporization cores is increased, the boiling heat exchange strength is improved, and the temperature rise rate of heat exchange equipment needing to be heated is improved. Meanwhile, the inner parts of the temperature equalizing cavity 1 are communicated, and the pressure of the inner parts of the temperature equalizing cavity is close, so that the temperature of the surface of the heat exchange shell 2 contacted with the heat exchange equipment is close, and the temperature consistency in the heating process of the heat exchange equipment is ensured.

When the heat exchange equipment needs to refrigerate, the low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the heat exchange channel 3 from the second phase change medium inlet of the heat exchange channel 3, so that the bottom of the temperature equalizing cavity 1 which is in contact with the heat exchange channel 3 is a low-temperature wall surface. The first phase change medium in the temperature equalizing cavity 1 absorbs heat in the equipment needing heat exchange through the surface of the heat exchange shell 2 contacted with the high-temperature equipment needing heat exchange to be vaporized, and the number of vaporization cores of the first capillary layer 4 is greatly increased due to the fact that the first capillary layer 4 is arranged on the surface of the heat exchange shell 2 contacted with the equipment needing heat exchange, and the boiling heat transfer coefficient is improved. Gaseous working medium that the vaporization formed flows to the bottom of samming chamber 1 under the effect of little pressure differential, because the bottom of samming chamber 1 is the low temperature wall at this moment, gaseous working medium condensation is exothermic, and the heat is taken away through phase transition heat transfer by low temperature low pressure liquid refrigerant behind the heat transfer passageway 3. Similarly, because department's intercommunication in the samming chamber 1, its inside each department pressure is close, consequently close with the temperature on heat exchange housing 2 surface that needs the heat transfer apparatus contact, help guaranteeing the temperature uniformity that needs the heat transfer apparatus cooling in-process.

When the temperature of the heat exchange equipment is unbalanced, the surface of the heat exchange shell 2 contacted with the higher temperature position of the heat exchange equipment is the hot end, the first phase change medium absorbs the heat of the hot end to form saturated steam, the saturated steam moves to the cold end under the action of small pressure difference and is condensed after encountering the surface of the heat exchange shell 2 contacted with the lower temperature position of the heat exchange equipment, so that the heat is released to the lower temperature position of the heat exchange equipment. The condensed and liquefied first phase change medium flows back under the action of gravity or capillary action and contacts the surface of the heat exchange shell 2 with higher temperature again to be vaporized again. The process is repeated continuously, high-efficiency heat transfer between the high-temperature part and the low-temperature part of the heat exchange equipment is realized, and the temperature of each part of the heat exchange equipment is balanced.

To sum up, this specification discloses a thermal management equipment based on two-stage phase transition heat transfer, combine together the temperature equalizing chamber with heat transfer channel, set up first phase transition medium, second phase transition medium in temperature equalizing chamber, heat transfer channel respectively, heat transfer between heat transfer equipment and the heat transfer channel is needed in the mode realization of phase transition heat transfer to first phase transition medium, and heat transfer between heat transfer channel and the external world is realized in the mode realization of phase transition heat transfer to second phase transition medium, thereby through the two-stage phase transition heat transfer of first phase transition medium and second phase transition medium, heat up or cool down to needing heat transfer equipment, heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the temperature that guarantees to need heat transfer equipment is balanced.

Taking a power battery as an example, considering that the service life of the battery is reduced due to long-term local overheating of the battery in charging and discharging because various power batteries are not in place in the application process at present, and meanwhile, due to the reason that the heat management is not in place, when the temperature is low, the available capacity of the battery is rapidly attenuated, the battery is charged at an excessively low temperature, and an instant voltage overcharge phenomenon can be caused to cause internal short circuit. In addition, the large-scale of the power battery relatively reduces the ratio of the surface area to the volume, so that the heat in the battery is not easy to dissipate, the problems of uneven internal temperature, overhigh local temperature rise and the like are more likely to occur, the attenuation of the battery is further accelerated, and the service life of the battery is shortened.

Most power batteries in the prior art adopt an air cooling or liquid cooling mode for heat dissipation, but because the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet of a cooling medium (air or other liquid) is large, the temperature difference between batteries arranged at the positions of the inlet and the outlet of the cooling medium is large, and the heat management effect is poor.

Based on this, an embodiment of the present specification further provides a battery device, where the battery device may be applied to a new energy electric vehicle, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the battery device includes a battery pack 8 and a thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange provided in the foregoing embodiment, the thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange is disposed on a surface of the battery pack 8, and in a specific implementation process, according to requirements of a size, a thermal load, a spatial layout, and the like of a battery pack, as shown in fig. 5, the thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange is disposed at the bottom of the battery pack 8, or as shown in fig. 6, two thermal management devices based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange are respectively disposed on two side surfaces of the battery pack 8, and a configuration manner of the thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange and the battery pack 8 is not limited thereto. Note that the battery pack in the embodiment of the present specification is also referred to as a battery pack or a battery.

Specifically, the heat management device based on two-stage phase change heat exchange mainly comprises a heat exchange shell, a heat exchange channel, a first phase change medium and a second phase change medium, the structure and the principle of the heat management device are the same as those of the foregoing embodiment, and for brief description, for parts of the embodiment of the battery device that are not mentioned, reference may be made to corresponding contents in the foregoing heat management device based on two-stage phase change heat exchange embodiment.

According to the battery equipment provided by the embodiment of the specification, the battery pack 8 can be subjected to heat management through the heat management equipment based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange, and the heating, refrigerating and heat balancing functions are mainly realized according to the requirements of the battery pack 8 under different working conditions. In the embodiment of the description, the phase change temperature of the first phase change medium can be in a proper range by controlling the vacuum degree in the temperature equalizing cavity according to the requirement of the working environment temperature of the power battery, so that the corresponding working environment temperature is provided for the power battery.

The heating, cooling, and heat balance functions of the battery device applied to the new energy electric vehicle will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 5.

Heating mode: when the battery pack 8 needs to be heated in winter, a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the heat exchange channel 3 from a second phase change medium inlet of the heat exchange channel 3, heat is released in the condensation cavity to the uniform temperature cavity, the first phase change medium in the uniform temperature cavity absorbs the heat to form a saturated gaseous working medium, the gaseous working medium moves upwards under the action of a small pressure difference, the heat is released when the gaseous working medium meets the condensation of the cooler heat exchange shell 2, and the heat is transferred to the battery pack 8 by the heat exchange shell 2 in a heat conduction mode to be heated. The condensed liquid flows back to the bottom of the temperature equalizing cavity again under the action of capillary force or gravity of the liquid absorbing core for the next circulation. Because the first capillary layer is arranged at the bottom of the temperature equalizing cavity, the number of vaporization cores is increased, the boiling heat exchange strength is improved, and the temperature rise rate of the battery during heating is improved. Because the temperature equalizing cavity is communicated everywhere and the pressure in the temperature equalizing cavity is similar, the temperature of the surface of the heat exchange shell 2 contacted with the battery pack 8 is similar, which is beneficial to ensuring the temperature consistency of the battery in the temperature rising process. Sources of the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant include, but are not limited to, a high-pressure liquid storage tank, and gas discharged from a compressor in a heat pump system.

A refrigeration mode: in summer, when the vehicle runs or the battery is in a quick charging mode, and the battery pack 8 needs to be cooled, the low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the heat exchange channel 3 from the second phase change medium inlet of the heat exchange channel 3, and the bottom of the temperature equalizing cavity in contact with the heat exchange channel 3 is a low-temperature wall surface. The first phase change medium in the temperature equalizing cavity absorbs heat in the battery pack 8 to be vaporized through the surface of the heat exchange shell 2 which is in contact with the high-temperature battery, and the number of vaporization cores of the first capillary layer is greatly increased due to the fact that the first capillary layer is arranged on the temperature equalizing cavity, and the boiling heat transfer coefficient is improved. Gaseous working medium flows to the bottom of the temperature equalizing cavity under the action of a small pressure difference, is condensed and releases heat, and the heat is transferred to the heat exchange channel 3 and then taken away by the low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant through phase change heat exchange. Because the temperature equalizing cavity is communicated everywhere and the pressure in the temperature equalizing cavity is similar, the temperature on the surface of the heat exchange shell 2 is similar, and the temperature consistency of the battery in the temperature reduction process can be ensured. The source of the low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant includes, but is not limited to, a low-pressure liquid storage tank, and low-temperature low-pressure wet steam flowing out from an outlet of an electronic expansion valve in a heat pump system.

Thermal equilibrium mode: the battery pack 8 includes a single battery 801, a single battery 802, a single battery 803, a single battery 804, a single battery 805, a single battery 806, a single battery 807, a single battery 808, a single battery 809, a single battery 810, a single battery 811, a single battery 812, a single battery 813, a single battery 814, a single battery 815 and a single battery 816, in a parking mode, if the temperatures of the single battery 801, the single battery 802 and the single battery 803 are abnormal (high temperature), the surface of the heat exchange housing 2 in contact with the three single batteries is a hot end, a first phase change medium absorbs heat at the hot end to form saturated steam, the saturated steam moves to a cold end under the action of a small pressure difference, and condenses after encountering the surface (low temperature surface) of the heat exchange housing 2 in contact with the remaining single batteries, and releases the heat to the remaining single batteries. The gaseous refrigerant is condensed when meeting the surface of the heat exchange shell 2 contacted with the battery monomer with lower temperature and is liquefied into liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant flows back under the action of gravity or capillary action and is contacted with the surface of the heat exchange shell 2 with higher temperature again to be vaporized again. The process is repeated continuously, and efficient heat transfer between the high-temperature battery monomer and the non-high-temperature battery monomer is achieved.

To sum up, this specification discloses a battery equipment, with group battery temperature control in best operational environment temperature range, make the battery can normal use under the cold climate in winter, can not reduce the activity, can effectively utilize the electric quantity, the energy saving, and when the battery temperature is higher, can cool down the group battery to avoid because the battery temperature is too high constructs into permanent destruction to the inside knot of battery, improves the security and the life-span of battery. Meanwhile, the heat management equipment based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange in the battery equipment has a heat balance function, the consistency of the temperature among the monomers of the battery pack and the temperature of each part in the battery monomers can be ensured, the problem of large battery temperature difference of the inlet and outlet positions of a cooling medium in the prior art is solved, the service life of the battery is prolonged, the economic benefit is improved, and the purposes of quick and efficient heating and refrigeration of the battery pack and temperature balance among the battery monomers are achieved.

An embodiment of the present specification further provides an electronic device, including: the heat management equipment based on two-stage phase change heat exchange provided by the embodiment is provided. Specifically, the electronic equipment can be a computer, a mobile phone and the like, and also can be electrical appliances such as a television, an air conditioner and the like, and the heat management equipment based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange is arranged on the surface of the equipment needing heat exchange, so that heat generated in the operation process of the electronic equipment is quickly led out, the heat conduction efficiency is improved, the temperature is controlled within the optimal working environment temperature range, the consistency of the temperature of each part of the electronic equipment is ensured, and the service life of the electronic equipment is prolonged.

The structure, implementation principle, and technical effects of the thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange in the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present specification are the same as those of the foregoing thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange, and for brief description, no part of this embodiment refers to corresponding contents in the foregoing thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange.

It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the above-described thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing embodiment, and is not described herein again.

It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical solution of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: those skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes in the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A thermal management device based on two-stage phase change heat exchange is characterized by comprising: the phase change heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange shell internally provided with a temperature equalizing cavity, a heat exchange channel arranged in the temperature equalizing cavity and with two ends penetrating to the outside of the heat exchange shell, a first phase change medium filled in the temperature equalizing cavity and a second phase change medium circulating in the heat exchange channel.

2. The two-stage phase change heat exchange-based thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange housing comprises a heat exchange shell and a cover body which are connected with each other; the vacuum temperature equalizing cavity is formed between the heat exchange shell and the cover body.

3. The two-stage phase change heat exchange-based thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein a first capillary layer is arranged on the inner wall of the heat exchange shell.

4. The two-stage phase change heat exchange based thermal management equipment according to claim 3, further comprising support columns; one or more supporting columns are arranged in the temperature equalizing cavity.

5. The two-stage phase-change heat exchange-based thermal management device according to claim 4, wherein a second capillary layer is arranged on the outer side surface of the support column.

6. The two-stage phase change heat exchange-based thermal management device according to claim 5, wherein the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer each comprise a porous wick structure and a micro-channel structure.

7. The two-stage phase change heat exchange-based thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange housing is a thermally conductive material.

8. The two-stage phase change heat exchange-based thermal management device according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange channel is a serpentine-shaped pipe.

9. A battery device, comprising: a battery pack and a thermal management device based on two-stage phase-change heat exchange as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electronic device, comprising: a thermal management device based on two-stage phase change heat exchange according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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