CN214587585U - Variable torsion balance coulomb's law demonstrator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a become formula twist-balance coulomb's law demonstration appearance, including shell, baffle, the inside baffle that is equipped with of shell to divide into pointer display area and bobble demonstration district with the shell inside by the baffle, the inside scale plate that is equipped with in pointer display area divides the pointer display area into pointer rotation district and wire frame rotation district by the scale plate, pointer display area includes pointer axle, axis of rotation, the one end of pointer axle is equipped with the arrow point, and its other end passes the baffle, and the tip of the other end of pointer axle is equipped with fixed bobble, the one end of axis of rotation is connected to the pointer axle. The utility model discloses utilize the electromagnetic damping effect that wire frame cutting magnetism felt the line production to hinder the pointer and rock, make the pointer rapid stabilization, replace the design of turning round the silk with the heliciform spring, be favorable to reducing the pointer and rock, install the design of scale in order to measure two centre of sphere distances on insulating handle, improved experiment maneuverability.

Description

Variable torsion balance coulomb's law demonstrator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a demonstration appearance technical field specifically is a variable formula torsion balance coulomb's law demonstration appearance.

Background

In 1785, french scientists coulomb explored the interaction force between two static charges with a torsion balance experiment, and proposed coulomb's law. However, in the current teaching of physical classroom in high school, it is difficult to reproduce the experiment in certain amount, because the coulomb twist balance experiment instrument used in the current teaching in high school is basically duplicated from coulomb twist balance, which has the following four problems: firstly, the suspension wires shake after being twisted, and are difficult to stabilize, and the contact braking effect is poor when a bottom lifting braking device is used, so that the reading is difficult; secondly, the distance between the two small balls is read by the scale on the side wall, but the instrument is cylindrical, so that the scale on the side wall reflects the arc length, and the distance between the two small balls is actually the chord length corresponding to the arc section, so that the distance measurement is inaccurate; thirdly, when a variable method is controlled to explore the relation between electrostatic force and electric charge, the distance between two small balls is required to be kept unchanged, the electric charge of the small balls is changed, but after the electric charge of the small balls is changed, the distance between the small balls is also changed, the instrument requires to rotate a disc with scales at the top of a suspension wire, the distance between the small balls is adjusted to an initial set distance, the scale is shaken due to the rotation of the disc, the adjustment is very difficult, the time consumption of the process is long, and the experiment requires rapid operation to reduce the electric leakage of the small balls in the air, so that the error of experimental data is large; fourthly, the scale on the side wall of the instrument, the rotating plane of the torsion balance and the metal disc on the top of the torsion wire are respectively arranged in three places and not in the same plane, the instrument is small in size, projection is needed for all students to clearly see in classroom demonstration, but all operation steps and reading can be seen at the same time without an angle during projection, and the visual effect of the demonstration is poor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a change formula twist-balance coulomb's law demonstration appearance utilizes the electromagnetic damping effect that wire frame cutting magnetic induction line produced to hinder the pointer and rocks, makes the pointer fast and stable, replaces the design of twisting the silk with the heliciform spring, is favorable to reducing the pointer and rocks, installs the design of scale in order to measure two centre of sphere distances on the insulating handle of reserve bobble, has improved experiment maneuverability.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: the utility model provides a become formula twist-balance coulomb's law demonstration appearance, includes shell, baffle, the inside baffle that is equipped with of shell to divide into pointer display area and bobble demonstration district by the baffle with the shell inside, the inside scale plate that is equipped with of pointer display area divides the pointer display area into pointer rotation district and wire frame rotation district by the scale plate, the pointer display area includes pointer axle, axis of rotation, the one end of pointer axle is equipped with the arrow point, and its other end passes the baffle and extends to bobble demonstration district, and the tip of the other end of pointer axle is equipped with fixed bobble, the one end of axis of rotation is connected to the pointer axle, wire frame rotation district includes magnet, wire frame, spring, the other end of axis of rotation passes the scale plate and is fixed with the wire frame, magnet is arranged in inside the wire frame, and is fixed with the scale plate through magnet fixed bracket, the one end and the axis of rotation of spring are fixed, the other end is fixed with the magnet fixing bracket.

Preferably, the partition plate is also provided with a notch.

Preferably, a bearing is arranged between the rotating shaft and the scale plate.

Preferably, the device further comprises a plurality of spare small balls, the spare small balls are fixed at the end part of the insulating handle, and the spare small balls penetrate into the small ball demonstration area to be close to or contact with the fixed small balls.

Preferably, still include the scale, the one end of insulating handle near the spare bobble one end vertical fixation scale's one end, and the 0 scale mark point to the centre of sphere of spare bobble of scale.

Preferably, the upper portion of shell is equipped with the panel, the bottom of shell is equipped with the backplate, the panel of shell adopts transparent plastic material.

Preferably, side door and main door have been seted up in the bobble demonstration district, side door and main door all adopt transparent plastic material.

Preferably, the side door and the front door are fixed with the back plate of the shell through hinges and fixed with the panel of the shell through buckles.

Preferably, still include the fixing base, the fixing base cover is in the outside of magnet and wire frame, the fixing base passes through the screw and fixes on the scale plate together with magnet fixing bracket.

Preferably, the fixed small ball extends from the center of the sphere to the direction of the extension line of the pointer shaft to form a scale rod.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the utility model discloses the central axis of rotation that will turn round the balance links to each other with the wire frame around outside cylindrical magnet, drives the wire frame and rotates when turning round the balance and rotating to utilize the electromagnetic damping effect that wire frame cutting magnetism felt line produced to hinder the pointer and rock, make the pointer fast stabilization in a certain reading, greatly reduced the reading degree of difficulty of this experiment, can make the reading more accurate, make the reading process shorter consuming time simultaneously, reduced because of the experimental error that the bobble leaks electricity and causes in the air.

2. The spiral spring is used for replacing the torsion wire, so that the shaking of the pointer can be effectively reduced, and the problem that the pointer does not shake in the same horizontal plane can be particularly avoided.

3. A graduated scale is vertically fixed on an insulating handle of the standby small ball, the 0 scale mark of the graduated scale points to the center of the standby small ball, and a scale rod extends out of the fixed small ball from the center of the standby small ball, so that the distance between the two centers of the standby small ball can be measured more simply, conveniently and accurately; meanwhile, the design makes the operation of keeping the distance between the two ball centers unchanged in the double-division method experiment simpler and more convenient, and improves the experiment operability.

4. The graduated scales on the pointer shaft, the rotary surface of the torsion balance and the standby small ball are all designed on the same surface, the whole experiment operation process and all readings can be clearly observed in overlooking projection, and the visual effect of a classroom demonstration experiment is improved.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of the internal structure of the pointer display area of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a structural view of the connection between the pointer shaft and the rotating device of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the rotating device of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a spare pellet of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the spare bead of the present invention contacting the fixed bead;

fig. 10 is a schematic top view of fig. 9.

In the figure: 1. a housing; 2. A pointer display area; 201. a scale plate; 202. a pointer shaft; 203. a partition plate; 204. a scale bar; 3. a small ball demonstration area; 301. a side door; 302. a main door; 4. fixing the small balls; 5. a rotating device; 501. a rotating shaft; 502. a bearing; 503. a spring; 504. a metal wire frame; 6. a fixed seat; 7. a magnet; 701. a magnet fixing bracket; 8. A standby small ball; 9. an insulated handle; 10. a graduated scale.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

Referring to fig. 1-10, the present invention provides a technical solution: a coulomb law demonstration instrument for a variable torsion balance comprises a shell 1 and a partition plate 203, wherein the partition plate 203 is arranged inside the shell 1, the partition plate 203 divides the inside of the shell 1 into a pointer display area 2 and a small ball demonstration area 3, a scale plate 201 is arranged inside the pointer display area 2, the scale plate 201 divides the pointer display area 2 into a pointer rotating area and a metal wire frame rotating area, an arc dial is arranged on the scale plate 201, a hole is formed in the circle center of the arc dial, the hole is convenient for a rotating shaft 501 to penetrate through, the pointer display area 2 comprises a pointer shaft 202 and a rotating shaft 501, an arrow is arranged at one end of the pointer shaft 202, the other end of the pointer shaft extends to the small ball demonstration area 3 through the partition plate 203, a fixed small ball 4 is arranged at the end part of the other end of the pointer shaft 202, the pointer shaft 202 is connected with one end of the rotating shaft 501, the metal wire frame rotating area comprises a magnet 7, a metal wire frame 504 and a spring 503, the other end of the rotating shaft 501 penetrates through the scale plate 201 to be fixed with the metal wire frame 504, the magnet 7 is arranged in the metal wire frame 504 and fixed with the scale plate 201 through the magnet fixing bracket 701, the spring 503 adopts a spiral shape, one end of the spring 503 is fixed with the rotating shaft 501, the other end of the spring 503 is fixed with the magnet fixing bracket 701, and the partition plate 203 is further provided with a notch, so that the pointer shaft 202 can rotate along the rotating shaft 501 conveniently. A bearing 502 is provided between the rotating shaft 501 and the scale plate 201.

The panel that the upper portion of shell 1 was equipped with, the bottom of shell 1 is equipped with the backplate, and the panel of shell 1 adopts transparent plastic material, and the observer of being convenient for watches.

The pellet demonstration area 3 is provided with a side door 301 and a front door 302, and the side door 301 and the front door 302 are both made of transparent plastic materials.

The side door 301 and the front door 302 are both fixed with the back plate of the shell 1 through hinges and fixed with the panel of the shell 1 through buckles.

The utility model discloses still include fixing base 6, fixing base 6 cover is in the outside of magnet 7 and wire frame 504. The fixing base 6 is fixed to the scale plate 201 together with the magnet fixing bracket 701 by a screw.

The utility model discloses still include a plurality of reserve bobbles 8, as shown in fig. 8, reserve bobble 8 of tip that reserve bobble 8 is fixed in insulating handle 9 can go deep into bobble demonstration district 3 and be close to or contact fixed bobble 4. One end of the insulating handle 9, which is close to the standby small ball 8, is vertically fixed with one end of the graduated scale 10, and the 0 scale mark of the graduated scale 10 points to the center of the standby small ball 8, i.e. the 0 scale mark of the graduated scale 10 points to the center of the standby small ball 8 and extends out of the insulating handle 9.

The working principle is as follows: the first spare small ball is a small ball A, the structure of the first spare small ball is shown in figure 8, the second spare small ball is a small ball C, the structure of the second spare small ball is not provided with a scale, the fixed small ball is a small ball B, the small ball A is electrified to be in contact with the small ball B, the small ball A and the small ball B are electrified to generate repulsive force, the torsion scale is twisted, the repulsive force exerts force on the small ball B to push the pointer shaft 202 to rotate, the pointer on the pointer shaft 202 and the rotating shaft 501 are driven to rotate, the rotating shaft 501 drives the metal wire frame 504 to rotate, the central end of the spiral spring is fixed on the rotating shaft 501, the magnet fixing bracket 701 at the other end of the spring is fixed, the spiral spring is compressed to generate elastic force when the rotating shaft rotates, when the moment of the elastic force and the electrostatic force is balanced, the pointer stops at a certain position, the reading of the pointer at the moment can be read from the dial, and the reading can reflect the angle of the deflection of the pointer. According to Hooke's law, the spring force is proportional to the deformation amount, and the repulsion force borne by the small ball B can be inferred to be proportional to the pointer deflection scale, so that the magnitude of the repulsion force borne by the small ball B can be quantified by the pointer deflection scale.

The rotating shaft of the torsion balance is fixed at the midpoint of one side of a rectangular metal wire frame, and the metal wire frame is sleeved outside the cylindrical magnet. When the torsion balance rotates, the metal wire frame is driven to rotate simultaneously, and the cutting magnetic induction line generates induction current in the metal wire frame, so that an electromagnetic damping effect is generated on the metal wire frame, the torsion balance is prevented from shaking, the torsion balance is enabled to be fast and stable, and the reading is convenient.

The scale rod is arranged on the insulating handle of the small ball A, the zero scale line position of the scale rod is aligned to the scale rod at the center of the small ball A, and the scale rod on the insulating handle is contacted with the scale rod extending out of the center of the small ball B, so that the distance between the centers of the small ball A and the small ball B can be read through the position of the scale rod on the scale rod.

The experimental steps are as follows:

1. the relationship between the electrostatic force and the distance can be researched by keeping the charge quantity of the two small balls unchanged and changing the distance between the centers of the balls.

The pointer of the demonstration instrument is adjusted to the zero scale position, the small ball A is electrified and contacts the small ball B, the two small balls are electrified with the same charge to generate repulsion, and the torsion balance is twisted. The small ball A is stabilized and placed at a certain position, after the pointer is stabilized, the reading of the pointer is recorded, and meanwhile, the distance between the two ball centers is read out through the position of the scale rod of the small ball A on the graduated scale of the insulated handle 9. The position of the ball A was changed and the pointer reading and the distance between the two balls were read again. The position of the ball A is changed for a plurality of times, and a plurality of groups of data can be recorded.

2. The relationship between electrostatic force and electric charge can be studied by keeping the distance between the ball centers constant and changing the electric charge of the small balls.

And adjusting the pointer of the demonstration instrument to a zero scale position, enabling the small ball A to be electrified and to contact the small ball B, enabling the two small balls to be electrified with the same charge to generate repulsion force, twisting the torsion balance, and recording the reading of the pointer and the scale pointed by the scale rod of the small ball B after the pointer is stabilized. Touching the small ball A with another small ball C without electricity (double division method), adjusting the position of the small ball A again to enable the scale rod of the small ball B to still point to the same scale as the previous scale, recording the reading of the pointer, and analyzing whether the two readings are in a multiple relation. The above operation may be repeated a number of times as far as the distance between the two balls allows.

The utility model has the advantages as follows:

1. pointer stabilization with electromagnetic damping: the central rotating shaft of the torsion balance is connected with the metal wire frame wound outside the cylindrical magnet, and the torsion balance is driven to rotate by the metal wire frame, so that the pointer is prevented from shaking by the electromagnetic damping effect generated by cutting the magnetic induction wire by the metal wire frame, and the pointer is enabled to be fast and stable.

2. The spiral spring is used for replacing the design of the twisted wire, so that the shaking of the pointer is reduced.

3. The design that the graduated scale is arranged on the insulating handle of the standby small ball to measure the distance between the two ball centers improves the operability of the experiment.

4. The whole appearance design improves the visual effect of experiment.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A variable torsion balance coulomb's law demonstration instrument comprises a shell (1), and is characterized in that: still include baffle (203), inside baffle (203) that is equipped with of shell (1) to divide into pointer display area (2) and bobble demonstration district (3) inside shell (1) by baffle (203), pointer display area (2) inside is equipped with scale plate (201), divides pointer display area (2) into pointer rotation district and wire frame rotation district by scale plate (201), pointer display area (2) are including pointer axle (202), axis of rotation (501), the one end of pointer axle (202) is equipped with the arrow point, and its other end passes baffle (203) and extends to bobble demonstration district (3), and the tip of the other end of pointer axle (202) is equipped with fixed bobble (4), the one end of axis of rotation (501) is connected to pointer axle (202), wire frame rotation district includes magnet (7), wire frame (504), spring (503), the other end of axis of rotation (501) passes scale plate (201) and is fixed with wire frame (504), inside wire frame (504) was arranged in magnet (7), and fixed with scale plate (201) through magnet fixed bracket (701), the one end and the axis of rotation (501) of spring (503) are fixed, and the other end is fixed with magnet fixed bracket (701).

2. The variable torsion balance coulomb's law demonstrator of claim 1, wherein: the clapboard (203) is also provided with a notch.

3. The variable torsion balance coulomb's law demonstrator of claim 1, wherein: and a bearing (502) is arranged between the rotating shaft (501) and the scale plate (201).

4. The variable torsion balance coulomb's law demonstrator of claim 1, wherein: the novel small ball demonstration device is characterized by further comprising a plurality of spare small balls (8), wherein the spare small balls (8) are fixed at the end parts of the insulating handles (9), and the spare small balls (8) penetrate into the small ball demonstration area (3) to be close to or contact with the fixed small balls (4).

5. The variable torsion balance coulomb's law demonstrator of claim 4, wherein: still include scale (10), the one end of insulating handle (9) one end vertical fixation scale (10) that is close to reserve bobble (8), and the 0 scale mark of scale (10) points to the centre of sphere of reserve bobble (8).

6. The variable torsion balance coulomb's law demonstrator of claim 1, wherein: the panel that the upper portion of shell (1) was equipped with, the bottom of shell (1) is equipped with the backplate, the panel of shell (1) adopts transparent plastic material.

7. The variable torsion balance coulomb's law demonstrator of claim 6, wherein: side door (301) and main door (302) have been seted up in pellet demonstration district (3), side door (301) and main door (302) all adopt transparent plastic material.

8. The variable torsion balance coulomb's law demonstrator of claim 7, wherein: the side door (301) and the front door (302) are fixed with a back plate of the shell (1) through hinges and fixed with a panel of the shell (1) through buckles.

9. The variable torsion balance coulomb's law demonstrator of claim 7, wherein: still include fixing base (6), fixing base (6) cover is in the outside of magnet (7) and wire frame (504), fixing base (6) are fixed together on scale plate (201) through screw and magnet fixing bracket (701).

10. The variable torsion balance coulomb's law demonstrator of claim 1, wherein: the fixed small ball (4) extends out of the center of the ball to the direction of the extension line of the pointer shaft (202) to form a scale rod (204).

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