CN214584529U - Loading device capable of applying unilateral confining pressure - Google Patents
Loading device capable of applying unilateral confining pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN214584529U CN214584529U CN202120677594.5U CN202120677594U CN214584529U CN 214584529 U CN214584529 U CN 214584529U CN 202120677594 U CN202120677594 U CN 202120677594U CN 214584529 U CN214584529 U CN 214584529U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a can apply loading device of unilateral confined pressure in geotechnical engineering research field, including screw rod, bottom plate and first loading curb plate and the second loading curb plate of setting on the bottom plate, first loading curb plate with the bottom plate is L type fixed connection, and the relative first loading curb plate activity of length direction along the screw rod of second loading curb plate sets up, and first loading curb plate, second loading curb plate and bottom plate upwards form U type cavity and be used for placing the rock sample, first loading curb plate with second loading curb plate surface all is equipped with the guiding hole, and the screw rod passes the guiding hole and connects fixed first loading curb plate and second loading curb plate, is equipped with the foil gage on the screw rod. The utility model discloses utilize bottom plate and confined pressure part to realize unilateral confined pressure, reachs the confined pressure value that the rock receives through the foil gage of laminating on the screw rod, has simple structure, installation, convenient operation, and extensive applicability's characteristics are applicable to geotechnical engineering's such as the broken rock mechanism of cutter research field.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to geotechnical engineering and tunnel engineering's alternately field, concretely relates to loading device of rock specimen piece unilateral confined pressure.
Background
Rock mass, particularly natural rock mass in deep rock formations, which is present in the ground has a certain amount of crustal stress (also called confining pressure) due to the influence of factors such as gravity, plate movement, and shrinkage of the crust. The rock mass confining pressure can affect the physical and mechanical properties of rocks, a rock crushing/breaking mechanism and the like, and can also affect the rock breaking load characteristic, the rock breaking efficiency, the service life and the like of the excavation device; therefore, the characteristics shown under the condition of no confining pressure stress (such as common rock sample blocks prepared under a laboratory environment) are completely different from the characteristics shown by natural rock masses under the conditions of rock mass confining pressure and low confining pressure stress in a superficial bottom layer, the characteristics shown by the natural rock masses under the rock mass confining pressure are one of necessary information for the stability analysis and engineering design of large underground caverns, and the method is particularly important for the safety evaluation and disaster prevention and control of deep high-stress underground engineering. Therefore, when researching the problems of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering which are closely related to the confining pressure of the rock mass, the confining pressure effect of the rock mass needs to be considered in the research process, and the real state of the confining pressure of the rock mass needs to be simulated in corresponding tests. The side close to the surface to be cut of the rock specimen block is loaded with a certain pressure.
Generally, the rock confining pressure can be obtained through simulation in a hydraulic cylinder opposite-vertex mode, but the scheme needs to additionally purchase auxiliary equipment such as a hydraulic pump station and a high-precision servo oil cylinder, so that the rock confining pressure simulation device has the limitations of complex structure, high cost, difficulty in maintenance and operation and the like. At present, no confining pressure simulation device with simple structure, low cost and reliable precision exists, and no calibration adjustment method matched with the simple confining pressure simulation device exists.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a can apply loading device of unilateral confined pressure, make it have simple structure, with low costs, the precision is reliable.
The purpose of the utility model is realized like this: the utility model provides a can apply loading device of unilateral confined pressure, includes screw rod, bottom plate and first loading curb plate and the second loading curb plate of setting on the bottom plate, first loading curb plate with the bottom plate is L type fixed connection, and the relative first loading curb plate activity of second loading curb plate length direction along the screw rod sets up, and first loading curb plate, second loading curb plate and bottom plate upwards form U type cavity and are used for placing the rock sample, first loading curb plate with second loading curb plate surface all is equipped with the guiding hole, the screw rod passes fixed first loading curb plate of guiding hole connection and second loading curb plate, be equipped with the foil gage on the screw rod.
The utility model discloses an apply the confining pressure to the rock sample, obtain the pressure that the screw rod received by the foil gage, obtain the pressure of loading curb plate for the rock sample, finally deduce the confining pressure of first loading curb plate and second loading curb plate to the rock sample loading through the formula. The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that, this device simple structure, installation, convenient operation can satisfy the required precision of engineering test, avoids causing destruction to rock sample corner, is applicable to geotechnical engineering's such as the broken rock mechanism of cutter research field.
Further, for the convenience of first loading curb plate and second loading curb plate exert confining pressure to the rock sample, the screw rod both ends are equipped with spiral helicine helicitic texture, and the cooperation is equipped with the nut, uses spanner swivel nut for the tight working face of clamp of first loading curb plate and second loading curb plate and rock sample is hugged closely each other.
Further, the height of the first loading side plate and the height of the second loading side plate are larger than that of the rock sample, so that uneven stress is avoided when confining pressure is applied.
Furthermore, the guide holes are formed in two ends of the first loading plate and the second loading plate, 2 guide holes are formed in each end of the first loading plate and the second loading plate, the guide holes in the two ends are symmetrical about the vertical central line of the first loading side plate and the vertical central line of the second loading side plate, and deformation of the first loading side plate and the second loading side plate when confining pressure is applied is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the loading device capable of applying a confining pressure on one side of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the loading device capable of applying a single-side confining pressure.
Fig. 3 is a right side view of the loading device of the present invention capable of applying a single-side confining pressure.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional structure explosion diagram of the loading device capable of applying one-side confining pressure.
In the upper figure, 1 is a first loading side plate, 2 is a bottom plate, 3 is a screw rod, 4 is a rock sample, 5 is a strain gauge, 6 is a second loading side plate, 7 is a nut, and 8 is a guide hole.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-4, a loading device capable of applying a one-side confining pressure includes a screw rod 3, a bottom plate 2, and a first loading side plate 1 and a second loading side plate 6 disposed on the bottom plate 2, where the first loading side plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 are in an L-shaped fixed connection, the second loading side plate 6 is movably disposed relative to the first loading side plate 1 along the length direction of the screw rod 3, the first loading side plate 1, the second loading side plate 6 and the bottom plate 2 upwardly form a U-shaped cavity for placing a rock sample 4, guide holes 8 are disposed on the surfaces of the first loading side plate 1 and the second loading side plate 6, the screw rod 3 penetrates through the guide holes 8 to connect and fix the first loading side plate 1 and the second loading side plate 6, and a strain gauge 5 is disposed on the screw rod 3.
In order to facilitate the first loading side plate 1 and the second loading side plate 6 to apply confining pressure to the rock sample 4, the two ends of the screw rod 3 are provided with spiral thread structures, nuts 7 are arranged in a matched mode, and the nuts 7 are rotated by using a wrench, so that the clamping working faces of the first loading side plate 1 and the second loading side plate 6 and the rock sample 4 are tightly attached to each other.
The height of the first loading side plate 1 and the height of the second loading side plate 6 are larger than that of the rock sample 4, so that uneven stress is avoided when confining pressure is applied.
The guiding holes 8 are arranged at two ends of the first loading side plate 1 and the second loading side plate 6, each end is provided with 2 guiding holes 8, the guiding holes 8 at the two ends are symmetrical about the vertical central line of the first loading side plate 1 and the second loading side plate 6, and deformation of the first loading side plate 1 and the second loading side plate 6 when confining pressure is applied is avoided.
When the utility model works, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a rock sample 4 is placed in a U-shaped cavity formed by a first loading side plate 1, a second loading side plate 6 and a bottom plate 2, the rock sample 4 is attached to the first loading side plate 1 and the second loading side plate 6, four screw rods 3 respectively pass through guide holes 8, the first loading side plate 1 and the screw rods 3 are fastened by a wrench rotating nut 7, the screw rods 3 are ensured to be stable, the primary fastening assembly is completed, the second loading side plate 6 can move back and forth along the length direction of the screw rods 3 relative to the first loading side plate 1, the testing requirements of rock with different sizes can be met, the second loading side plate 6 applies confining pressure to the rock sample 4 by rotating the nut 7 by a torque wrench, when the nut 7 is rotated to a given torque, the screw rods 3 are compressed by force, the confining pressure is obtained by a strain gauge 5 at the moment, the wrench is stopped to rotate, the internal stress generated by the stress of the screw rods 3, finally, the second loading side plate 6 applies a given confining pressure to the rock sample 4.
The torque of the rotating nut 7 can be changed from small to large, and different torque values can be loaded randomly. The load value applied to the screw 3 by the torque wrench rotating nut 7 can be obtained and recorded through the strain gauge 5, and the load value of the screw 3 is in one-to-one correspondence with the torque value. It should be noted that the relationship between the load value of the screw 3 and the torque value applied by the wrench is obtained by the strain gauge 5 attached to the screw 3.
The number n of the given screw rods 3 is selected, and the initial length L of the screw rods 3 is reasonably set according to the lateral length L of the rock sample 4, the thicknesses t and the heights h of the first loading side plate and the second loading side plate; and determining the contact area A of the first loading side plate and the second loading side plate with the rock sample 4 according to the size of the rock sample 4 and the sizes of the first loading side plate and the second loading side plate, and calculating to obtain the maximum confining pressure loading capacity by combining n, l and A.
The value F of the load applied to the screw 3 by the torque wrench turning nut 7 can be obtained by the strain gauge 5.
The maximum compressive stress sigma generated on the cross section of a single screw 3 by the pressuretmaxCalculated using the following formula (1):
(1)
while the maximum compressive stress sigma on the screw 3tmaxMust not exceed the allowable compressive stress of the screw 3, i.e.
. As a general experience, 8.8 and above grade high strength screws 3 can be used, with the recommended grade 12.9 being used in this embodiment35CrMo or 42CrMo is M15 high-strength screw rod 3.
The maximum pressure Ftmax generated when the selected n screws 3 are pressed is calculated by the following formula (2):
maximum pressure FtmaxActing on the loading side plate so that the loading side plate applies a confining pressure value σ to the clamped rock sample 4, which value can be calculated using the following formula (3):
combined vertical type (1) to formula (3), and let σ ═ σtmaxIt can be deduced that the maximum confining pressure loading capability is satisfied.
In this embodiment, the thickness t of the rock sample block is 20mm, the height h is 100mm, that is, the contact area A between the loading side plate and the 4 rock sample blocks is 2000mm2. By turning the nut 7 with a torque wrench, a maximum force of 2500N per screw 3 is expected from practical operation. United vertical type (1) to formula (3), sigmatmax＝5MPa。
Through calculation, the lateral confining pressure component can provide the maximum confining pressure of 5MPa for the rock material. The loading device capable of applying unilateral confining pressure can be 2000mm in lateral area A2The maximum confining pressure provided by the rock material of (a) is in the range of 0 to 5 MPa.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some replacements and transformations for some technical features without creative labor according to the disclosed technical contents, and these replacements and transformations are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a can exert loading attachment of unilateral confined pressure, includes screw rod, bottom plate and sets up first loading curb plate and the second loading curb plate on the bottom plate which characterized in that: the first loading curb plate with the bottom plate is L type fixed connection, and the relative first loading curb plate activity of second loading curb plate length direction along the screw sets up, and first loading curb plate, second loading curb plate and bottom plate upwards form U type cavity and are used for placing the rock sample, first loading curb plate with second loading curb plate surface all is equipped with the guiding hole, the screw rod passes guiding hole and connects fixed first loading curb plate and second loading curb plate, be equipped with the foil gage on the screw rod.
2. The loading device capable of applying one-sided confining pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and spiral thread structures are arranged at two ends of the screw rod.
3. A loading device capable of applying a single-sided confining pressure according to claim 2, wherein: and nuts are also arranged at the two ends of the screw rod.
4. The loading device capable of applying one-sided confining pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the height of the first loading side plate and the second loading side plate is larger than that of the rock sample.
5. The loading device capable of applying one-sided confining pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the guide holes are formed in the two ends of the first loading plate and the second loading plate, 2 guide holes are formed in each end of the first loading plate and the second loading plate, and the guide holes in the two ends are symmetrical with respect to the vertical center line of the first loading side plate and the vertical center line of the second loading side plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120677594.5U CN214584529U (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2021-04-02 | Loading device capable of applying unilateral confining pressure |
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| CN202120677594.5U CN214584529U (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2021-04-02 | Loading device capable of applying unilateral confining pressure |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114791483A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-07-26 | 四川大学 | Rock mechanical behavior testing and analyzing method based on simulated deep in-situ sample |
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2021
- 2021-04-02 CN CN202120677594.5U patent/CN214584529U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114791483A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-07-26 | 四川大学 | Rock mechanical behavior testing and analyzing method based on simulated deep in-situ sample |
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