CN214584204U

CN214584204U - In-situ measuring device for communicating research of sediments under influence of wetland hydrological process

Info

Publication number: CN214584204U
Application number: CN202023048639.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 闫家国; 李展; 李延鹏; 王洪达; 褚珣; 肖文
Original assignee: Dali University
Current assignee: Dali University
Priority date: 2020-12-17
Filing date: 2020-12-17
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-17

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wetland hydrology process influences normal position survey device of deposit intercommunication research, including two at least traps, each the upper end opening of trap for the entering of silt, each the inside design of trap has the parting bead, the parting bead divides trap inside into a plurality of separating chambers, different part in the trap the punchhole has been seted up to the parting bead, different in the trap on the parting bead the size of a dimension homogeneous difference of punchhole quantity and/or punchhole, this device simple structure, convenient to use sets up, every layer is equipped with first pore water collection bottle, takes/have the punchhole intercommunication collection room to cut apart, cut apart the influence of piece punchhole size and quantity simulation research hydrology intercommunication process to the interior chemical element migration conversion of deposit through gathering the room separation.

Description

In-situ measuring device for communicating research of sediments under influence of wetland hydrological process

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an ecological hydrology research technical field specifically is a deposit intercommunication research's normal position survey device under influence of wetland hydrology process.

Background

The research on the hydrological connectivity of the wetland is a hotspot of the research on ecological hydrology, and how to quantify the connectivity of sediments under the change of hydrological processes and the related chemical element connectivity characteristics thereof in an in-situ experiment mode besides the research on the basis of concepts and theoretical models is the frontier and difficult point of the current research on international hydrology, geography, ecology and environmental science. In the past, the research on the connectivity of hydrologic, sediment and chemical essential elements is mostly carried out by sampling water bodies and sediments on site, measuring the content of silt, the content of nutrient elements or the content of isotopes of biogenic elements in water quality based on a laboratory to roughly quantify the spatial distribution pattern of the hydrologic, sediment and chemical essential elements, calculating the absolute variation between points of the hydrologic, sediment and chemical essential elements by combining an Euclidean distance algorithm based on the distribution pattern characteristics, and further carrying out simulation analysis by a mathematical model to match observed data so as to achieve simulation prediction of the connectivity. However, the extensive sampling method cannot sufficiently reflect the dynamic change process among the space points, and it is difficult to quantify the interaction relationship among water, sediment and chemical elements. The problem becomes a great obstacle for limiting the construction of a fine model of hydrologic communication research.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problem, the utility model provides a wetland hydrology process influences normal position survey device of deposit intercommunication research through placing the device on the spot, utilizes the nature of deposit (silt, piece, animal and plant residual body etc.) to subside the characteristic, and the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of ration deposit flux has avoided in the short time because sampling discontinuity and the interference that artificial and weather reason lead to cause the unrealistic of experimental result. Therefore, the deposition characteristics of the sediments in the research area can be quantitatively revealed by putting the vertical sediment trap in combination with the isotope analysis of the collected samples.

The utility model provides an adopted technical scheme of its technical problem does: an in-situ measuring device for researching the communication of sediments influenced by the hydrological process of a wetland comprises at least two traps, an opening is arranged at the upper end of each trap, the purpose of collecting silt/sediment by self-settling in the water flow carrying process is achieved, a separating sheet is designed in each catcher, the separating sheets divide the inside of the trap into a plurality of separating chambers, the partial separating sheets in different traps can be provided with holes, the number and/or the size of the holes on the separating sheets in different traps are different, finally, comparing the contents of sediments and elements in different traps to deeply study the communication process of the sediments in different hydrologic communication processes, and the influence of the occurrence form, migration and transformation rules of key chemical elements in the sediment.

Preferably, the trap is internally provided with a plurality of layers, a plurality of interlayers are arranged in the trap along the vertical direction, and the side wall of the trap is provided with a hinge opening corresponding to each interlayer, so that the hinge opening is opened by rotating or pulling out the hinge, and then the sampling activities of different layers are completed. The multi-layer arrangement can be used for measuring the composition and content difference of nutrient elements in the soil and pore water of different sediment sedimentary layers, and the layering change characteristics of the grain size and the pore water content of sediments in the sediments.

Preferably, a first pore water collecting bottle is arranged in each interlayer, a first filter membrane with different pore sizes is arranged at the bottle mouth of each first pore water collecting bottle according to needs so as to allow water to enter but allow silt to enter, and the first pore water collecting bottle is used for sampling sediment pore water in a certain time period and measuring N, P elements in the pore water. Meanwhile, the concentration difference among all layers can be quantified according to the concentration of N, P elements in the sediment pore water in the collector, so that the difference of nutrient substance elements of the sediment pore water of all layers can be indirectly reflected. When the layered soil sample is collected, the whole device is taken out of the sediment, each layer of sediment is collected and placed into a sediment containing bag by manually pulling the loose leaf, and the sediment containing bag is taken back to a laboratory to analyze and measure the sediment deposition amount and the content of elements such as biogenic factors C, N, S and P. The variation quantity among the layers can be used for revealing the vertical hydrologic communication on the sediment deposition process and the exchange flux variation of the biogenic elements among the interfaces of the layers, and the pore-free existence of the spacer can be used for explaining the influence of the horizontal hydrologic communication on the flux exchange of the sediment deposition and the biogenic elements migrating among the compartments.

Preferably, each the trap still is connected with an acquisition pipe respectively, the top of acquisition pipe exposes the height of earth's surface about 2m, the bottom of acquisition pipe is passed through the elbow and is connected the trap, it is equipped with a plurality of inlet openings along high different positions to gather on the pipe for collect the mud suspended sand material (silt in the water above the earth's surface) that comes from the water, be used for surveying silt, organic matter and the piece material content in the water promptly.

Preferably, the bottom of elbow still is connected with a second pore water collection bottle, the department of sealing at the upper end of second pore water collection bottle is equipped with the second filter membrane that filters silt to prevent that silt from getting into the bottle (second pore water collection bottle is with the first pore water collection bottle in the trap, only at the size slightly big little).

Preferably, the collecting pipe is further provided with scales and can be used for directly observing the water level during sampling, and the collecting pipe is used for installing a water level meter and monitoring the water level change rule in a time period.

Preferably, the catcher and the collecting pipe are made of stainless steel materials, and can also be made of PVC materials, organic glass and the like.

Preferably, a manually controllable electronic device can be set at a specific position according to requirements; and an experiment control program can be set, and mobile phone app is established and connected with a mobile phone to perform real-time monitoring management.

The utility model has the advantages that: the device has a simple structure and is convenient to use, and the influence of the hydrologic communication process on the migration and transformation of chemical elements in the sediment is simulated and researched by the separation of the collection chambers, the arrangement of the first pore water collection bottles on each layer, the connection of the collection chambers with/without pores and the size and number of the holes of the partition sheets; the device is placed on site, and the space-time distribution pattern of sediment flux is quantified by utilizing the natural sedimentation characteristics of sediment (silt, debris, animal and plant residues and the like), so that the unreality of an experimental result caused by sampling discontinuity and interference due to human and weather reasons in a short time is avoided. Therefore, the deposition characteristics of the sediments in the research area can be quantitatively revealed by putting the vertical sediment trap in combination with the isotope analysis of the collected samples.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single trap structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of reference numeral 1 in FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of reference numeral 10 in fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-4, an in-situ measuring device for determining communication research of sediments affected by wetland hydrological process includes at least two traps (as shown in fig. 2, A, B, C three traps are taken as an example in this embodiment, or more traps can be assembled in combination), an upper end of each trap is opened for mud to enter, a partition plate 1 is designed inside each trap 1, the partition plate 1 divides the inside of the trap into a plurality of separation chambers, perforations 10 can be opened or not opened on the partition plates 1 in different traps (i.e. perforations 10 are opened on a part of the partition plates 1 in the traps, and perforations are not opened on a part of the partition plates 1 in different traps), the number of the perforations 10 and/or the size of the perforations on the partition plates 1 in different traps are different, the bottom of the trap is fully opened, fully closed or separated but provided with holes (the number or the size of the holes can be adjusted according to experiment requirements) to simulate the influence of hydrological vertical communication on each parameter of sediment, the trap is internally provided with a plurality of layers, a plurality of interlayers are arranged in the trap along the vertical direction, the side walls of the trap correspond to the loose-leaf openings 2 of the interlayers, the loose-leaf openings 2 are opened by rotating or pulling out the loose-leaf openings 2 through loose-leaves, and then the sampling activities of different layers are completed. Be equipped with first pore water in every intermediate layer respectively and gather bottle 3, the bottleneck department of first pore water collection bottle 3 will install the first filter membrane of different aperture sizes as required to allow the water to get into but can place the entering of silt, first pore water collection bottle 3 is used for the deposit pore water of sampling in a certain time quantum, is used for determining N, P element in the pore water. Meanwhile, the concentration difference among all layers can be quantified according to the concentration of N, P elements in the sediment pore water in the collector, so that the difference of nutrient substance elements of the sediment pore water of all layers can be indirectly reflected. Each the trap still is connected with one respectively and gathers pipe 4, gather about 2m of pipe 4's top and expose the earth's surface height, gather the bottom of pipe 4 and pass through the elbow and connect the trap, install separation slide 40 on the elbow, it is equipped with a plurality of inlet openings 41 to gather on the pipe along high different positions for collect the mud suspended sand material (silt in the water above the earth's surface) that comes from the water, be used for surveying silt, organic matter and the piece material content in the water promptly. The bottom of elbow still is connected with a second hole water and gathers bottle 5, the department of sealing of the upper end of second hole water collection bottle 5 is equipped with the second filter membrane 51 of filtering silt to prevent that silt from getting into in the bottle. When the layered soil sample is collected, the whole device is taken out of the sediment, each layer of sediment is collected and placed into a sediment containing bag by manually pulling the loose leaf, and the sediment containing bag is taken back to a laboratory to analyze and measure the sediment deposition amount and the content of elements such as biogenic factors C, N, S and P. The variation quantity among the layers can be used for revealing the vertical hydrologic communication on the sediment deposition process and the exchange flux variation of the biogenic elements among the interfaces of the layers, and the pore-free existence of the spacer can be used for explaining the influence of the horizontal hydrologic communication on the flux exchange of the sediment deposition and the biogenic elements migrating among the compartments. Finally, the contents of sediments and elements in different traps are compared, so that the influence of different hydrologic communication processes on the sediment communication process and the occurrence form, migration and conversion rule of key chemical elements in the sediments are deeply researched. The multi-layer arrangement can be used for measuring the composition and content difference of nutrient elements in the soil and pore water of different sediment sedimentary layers, and the layering change characteristics of the grain size and the pore water content of sediments in the sediments. The adjacent layers and the internal compartments are used for measuring the difference between the compartments so as to realize the quantitative calculation of transverse and vertical communication, and the calculation is mainly obtained by taking the difference of substances or elements of adjacent or different layers.

The above mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and all the simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and the description of the present invention are still included in the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a wetland hydrology process influences deposit intercommunication research's normal position survey device, its characterized in that includes two at least traps, each the upper end opening of trap for the entering of silt, each the inside design of trap has the division sheet, the division sheet divides the trap inside into a plurality of separating chambers, and is different part in the trap the punchhole has been seted up to the division sheet, and is different in the trap on the division sheet the size of punchhole quantity and/or punchhole all differs.

2. The in-situ measuring device for the research on the communication of sediments influenced by the wetland hydrological process is characterized in that a plurality of interlayers are arranged in the trap along the vertical direction, and the side wall of the trap is provided with a loose-leaf opening corresponding to each interlayer.

3. The in-situ measuring device for the research on the communication of sediments influenced by the wetland hydrological process is characterized in that a first pore water collecting bottle is arranged in each interlayer, and a first filter membrane is arranged at the bottle mouth of each first pore water collecting bottle.

4. The in-situ measuring device for communicating and researching sediments in wetland hydrological process influence is characterized in that each collector is further connected with a collecting pipe, the top end of each collecting pipe is exposed out of the ground, the bottom end of each collecting pipe is connected with the collector through an elbow, and a plurality of water inlet holes are formed in the collecting pipe at different positions along the height direction.

5. The in-situ measuring device for the research on the communication of sediments influenced by the wetland hydrological process is characterized in that the bottom of the elbow is also connected with a second pore water collecting bottle, and a second filter membrane is arranged at the sealing position of the upper end of the second pore water collecting bottle.

6. The in-situ measuring device for the research on the communication of sediments influenced by the wetland hydrological process is characterized in that scales are further arranged on the collecting pipe.

7. The in-situ measuring device for the research on the communication of sediments influenced by the wetland hydrological process is characterized in that the catcher and the collecting pipe are made of stainless steel materials or PVC materials or organic glass.