CN214581906U

CN214581906U - Waste heat recovery system

Info

Publication number: CN214581906U
Application number: CN202120328470.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯超; 彭杰伟; 曾灿飞; 殷长春; 顾智超; 范雪琪
Original assignee: Shanghai Qiyao Heavy Industry Co ltd; Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute
Current assignee: Shanghai Qiyao Heavy Industry Co ltd; 711th Research Institute of CSIC
Priority date: 2021-02-04
Filing date: 2021-02-04
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2031-02-04

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waste heat recovery system for exhaust to the host computer carries out waste heat recovery, waste heat recovery system includes: the system comprises a heat supply unit, a heating unit, a power generation unit and a refrigeration unit; the heat supply unit is in fluid connection with the main machine, and the exhaust gas of the main machine enters the heat supply unit; the heating unit, the power generation unit and the refrigeration unit are respectively in fluid connection with the heat supply unit; the heat supply unit absorbs the heat energy exhausted by the main machine so as to respectively provide heat sources for the heating unit, the power generation unit and the refrigeration unit; the heat supply unit is provided with a gas path and a water path; the main machine exhausts and enters the air path to exchange heat with the water path; the waterway absorbs the heat energy exhausted by the host machine so as to generate hot fluid serving as a heat source.

Description

Waste heat recovery system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a marine engine energy-concerving and environment-protective technical field especially relates to a waste heat recovery system.

Background

With the rapid development of global economy, cruise ships are high-end travel markets with rapid growth speed and great development potential in the international travel market, and the comfortable environment of the cruise ships and the requirements on various forms of energy such as heat, electricity, cold and the like put higher demands on a power system; meanwhile, the new ship energy efficiency design indicates the determination and implementation of EEDI, so that the energy conservation and emission reduction of the ship are urgent. Therefore, the waste heat recovery system which is more efficient and can provide various energy forms has a positive promoting effect on design and operation of the cruise ship and the like, and makes an important contribution to global energy conservation and emission reduction.

The main engine is a supply source of ship power, and is also the key for reducing the EEDI index of the ship and realizing energy conservation and emission reduction. The exhaust gas of the main engine still has high temperature and contains a large amount of waste heat, and the existing waste heat recovery power generation technology applied to the ship main engine mainly comprises a power turbine power generation technology, an organic Rankine cycle power generation technology and the like. The power turbine power generation technology fully recovers the bypass exhaust energy of the turbocharger on the premise of not influencing the operation of the main engine, and the power turbine is limited in application because the power generation operation can be carried out only when the exhaust volume of the main engine is larger than the air inflow requirement of the turbocharger. The organic Rankine cycle power generation technology can flexibly realize waste heat recovery power generation, the influence of variable working condition operation of a diesel engine on the waste heat recovery power generation technology is small, the efficiency is limited to be improved through multiple heat exchange processes, and the system thermal efficiency is low.

Besides the requirement for electric power, the ship often has the requirements for heat and cold so as to meet the requirements for hot water and air-conditioning refrigeration in the ship.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a waste heat recovery system, which adopts a heating unit, a power generation unit and a refrigeration unit which are respectively in fluid connection with a heat supply unit, the heat supply unit is in fluid connection with a host, the heat supply unit absorbs the heat energy exhausted by the host to respectively provide heat sources for the heating unit, the power generation unit and the refrigeration unit, and the combined supply of heat, electricity and cold to the host is realized; and through set up first valve between heating unit and heat supply unit, set up the second valve between power generation unit and heat supply unit, set up the third valve between refrigerating unit and heat supply unit, realize carrying out the heat source distribution to heating unit, power generation unit and refrigerating unit respectively to satisfy the demand of host computer to different energy forms.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the utility model discloses an aspect provides a waste heat recovery system for exhaust to the host computer carries out waste heat recovery, waste heat recovery system includes: the system comprises a heat supply unit, a heating unit, a power generation unit and a refrigeration unit; wherein the heat supply unit is fluidly connected to the host, and the host exhausts into the heat supply unit; the heating unit, the power generation unit and the refrigeration unit are respectively in fluid connection with the heat supply unit; the heat supply unit absorbs the heat energy exhausted by the main machine so as to respectively provide heat sources for the heating unit, the power generation unit and the refrigeration unit; the heat supply unit is provided with a gas path and a water path; the main machine exhausts gas to enter the gas path so as to exchange heat with the water path; the waterway absorbs the heat energy of the exhaust gas of the host machine to generate hot fluid serving as the heat source.

In some embodiments, the waste heat recovery system includes a heat source delivery flow line, and the heat supply unit provides the hot fluid to the heating unit, the power generation unit, and the refrigeration unit through the heat source delivery flow line.

In some embodiments, the heat source delivery flowline is provided with a first source heat distribution valve assembly between the heating unit and the heating unit; a second source heat distribution valve assembly is arranged between the heat supply unit and the power generation unit by the heat source conveying streamline; and a third source heat distribution valve assembly is arranged between the heat supply unit and the refrigeration unit by the heat source conveying streamline.

In some embodiments, the waste heat recovery system further includes a return flow line, and the hot fluid returns to the water path of the heat supply unit through the return flow line after providing heat energy to the heating unit, the power generation unit and the refrigeration unit through the heat source delivery flow line.

In some embodiments, the waste heat recovery system further includes a bypass flow line and a heat exchange unit, and a hot side of the heat exchange unit and the water path of the heat supply unit form a fluid loop through the heat source delivery flow line, the bypass flow line and the return flow line.

In some embodiments, the heating unit includes: the hot side of the first heat exchanger and the waterway of the heat supply unit form a fluid loop through the heat source conveying streamline and the backflow streamline; and a reservoir forming a fluid loop with the cold side of the first heat exchanger; and a heating water outlet pipe is arranged between the cold side outlet of the first heat exchanger and the water storage tank.

In some embodiments, the heating unit further comprises a water supply source fluidly connected to the water reservoir to supply water to the water reservoir.

In some embodiments, the power generation unit is an organic rankine generator set, and the power generation unit includes a first evaporator; and the hot fluid returns to the waterway of the heat supply unit through the return flow line after providing heat energy to the first evaporator through the heat source conveying flow line.

In some embodiments, the power generation unit further comprises: a turbine expansion generator set, an air inlet of the turbine expansion generator set being communicated with the cold side outlet of the first evaporator to convert thermal energy of the steam discharged from the cold side outlet of the first evaporator into electric energy; and the input port of the first condenser is communicated with the exhaust port of the turbo expansion generator set.

In some embodiments, the refrigeration unit is an absorption refrigeration unit, and the refrigeration unit includes a generator, and the hot fluid is returned to the water circuit of the heating unit through the return flow line after providing heat energy to the generator through the heat source delivery flow line.

In some embodiments, the generator is configured to receive a first working fluid, the first working fluid being in heat exchange with the hot fluid to produce a first vapor and a second working fluid.

In some embodiments, the first working medium is a low concentration hydrogen bromide solution, the second working medium is a high concentration hydrogen bromide solution, and the first steam is high temperature steam.

In some embodiments, the refrigeration unit further comprises a second condenser, a second evaporator, and an absorber; the second condenser receives the first steam, cools and condenses the first steam to form condensed water, and conveys the condensed water to the second evaporator; the second evaporator vaporizes the condensed water to produce a second vapor; and the absorber receives the second working medium and the second steam, and is used for mixing and absorbing the second working medium and the second steam to form the first working medium and refluxing the first working medium to the generator.

In some embodiments, the second steam is low temperature water vapor.

The utility model provides a waste heat recovery system for exhaust to the host computer carries out waste heat recovery, adopts heating unit, power generation unit and refrigeration unit respectively with heating unit fluid connection, realizes carrying out hot, electricity, cold joint supply to the host computer; the heat source distribution of the heating unit, the power generation unit and the refrigeration unit is realized by arranging a first heat source distribution valve assembly between the heating unit and the heat supply unit, a second heat source distribution valve assembly between the power generation unit and the heat supply unit and a third heat source distribution valve assembly between the refrigeration unit and the heat supply unit, so that the demands of the host on different energy forms are met.

The heat supply unit absorbs the heat energy exhausted by the host machine to respectively provide heat sources for the heating unit, the power generation unit and the refrigeration unit, so that the waste heat recovery system has more stable and flexible operation working conditions, and the direct influence caused by the damage of equipment in the heat supply unit is prevented; in addition, the refrigeration unit also adopts a lithium bromide refrigeration principle, under the same temperature condition, the higher the concentration of a lithium bromide aqueous solution is, the stronger the capacity of correspondingly absorbing water is, the lithium bromide is used as an absorbent, the water is used as a refrigerant, and the better refrigeration effect can be achieved; the first heat exchanger of the heating unit directly exchanges heat with the hot fluid provided by the heat source conveying streamline, so that the highest heat efficiency can be achieved, and the overall efficiency of the waste heat recovery system is further improved; and the power generation unit has a simple structure, can realize high-efficiency power generation in a wider heat source temperature range by selecting different working media, and has a wider application range of the system. Therefore, the utility model discloses in the waste heat recovery system passes through the heat supply unit is right the host computer exhaust carries out waste heat recovery to obtain the heat source of required specific requirement, and pass through heat the unit the power generation unit reaches the refrigeration unit is accomplished respectively and is heated, is made electricity and refrigerated effect.

Drawings

The technical solution and other advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the schematic structural diagram of the waste heat recovery system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged structural view of the heating unit of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the heating unit of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic structural view of the power generation unit in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the refrigeration unit of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic structural view of the heat exchange unit in fig. 1.

The reference numbers are:

100. a heat supply unit; 200. A heating unit;

300. a power generation unit; 400. A refrigeration unit;

500. a heat exchange unit; 600. A host;

601. a turbocharger; 602. An engine;

110. a reflux streamline; 120. A heat source delivery flow line;

130. a gas circuit; 140. A waterway;

101. a boiler; 1011. A first inlet;

1012. a first outlet; 1013. A second inlet;

1014. a second outlet; 102. An exhaust valve assembly;

103. a bypass valve assembly; 104. A first pump body;

201. a first heat exchanger; 203. A water storage tank;

202. a second pump body; 204. A first regulating valve;

205. a second regulating valve; 810. A first heat source distribution line;

210. a first liquid supply line; 220. A first liquid return pipeline;

230. a user return line; 240. A heating water outlet pipe;

302. a first evaporator; 303. A turbine expansion generator set;

304. a first condenser; 820. A second heat source distribution line;

702. a second heat source dispensing valve assembly; 310. A first pipeline;

320. a second pipeline; 330. A third pipeline;

301. a pump group; 401. A generator;

402. a second condenser; 403. A second evaporator;

404. an absorber; 405. A solution heat exchanger;

406. a cooling tower; 407. A first regulating valve;

408. a fourth pump; 409. A first pump;

409' and a second pump; 409' and a third pump;

410. a second regulating valve; 420. Adjusting the pipeline;

430. a first supply line; 440. A second supply line;

450. a first self-circulation line; 460. A second self-circulation line;

470. a second output line; 480. A second input line;

703. a third heat source dispensing valve assembly; 830. A third heat source distribution line;

501. a third heat exchanger; 704. A bypass dispensing valve assembly;

840. a bypass flow line; 150. A bypass gas path;

2011. a hot side inlet of the first heat exchanger; 2012. A hot side outlet of the first heat exchanger;

2013. a cold side inlet of the first heat exchanger; 2014. A cold side outlet of the first heat exchanger;

2031. an inlet of the reservoir; 2032. An outlet of the reservoir;

3021. a hot side inlet of the first evaporator; 3022. A hot side outlet of the first evaporator;

3023. a cold side outlet of the first evaporator; 3024. A cold side inlet of a first evaporator;

3031. an air inlet of the turbine expansion generator set; 3032. An exhaust port of the turbo-expansion generator set;

3033. the power output end of the turbine expansion generator set; 3041. An input port of a first condenser;

3042. an output port of the first condenser; 4011. A heat source input of the generator;

4012. a heat source output of the generator; 4013. A first output of the generator;

4014. a second output of the generator; 4015. A first input of a generator;

4021. a first input of a second condenser; 4022. A first output of the second condenser;

4031. a first input of a second evaporator; 4032. A first output of the second evaporator;

4041. a first input of an absorber; 4042. A second input of the absorber;

4043. a first output of the absorber; 206. A water supply source;

305. a power supply terminal; 411. A refrigerant water supply terminal;

502. a cooling end; 701. A first heat source dispensing valve assembly.

Detailed Description

The following describes the detailed embodiment of the waste heat recovery system in detail with reference to the drawings.

Please refer to fig. 1. The utility model provides a waste heat recovery system for exhaust waste heat to host computer 600 is retrieved. In this embodiment, the waste heat recovery system includes: the heating system comprises a heating unit 100, a heating unit 200, a power generation unit 300, a refrigeration unit 400 and a heat exchange unit 500.

As shown in fig. 1, the heat supply unit 100 is fluidly connected to the main machine 600, the exhaust gas of the main machine 600 enters the heat supply unit 100, and the heating unit 200, the power generation unit 300, and the refrigeration unit 400 are fluidly connected to the heat supply unit 100, respectively; the heat supply unit 100 absorbs heat energy exhausted from the main unit 600 to provide heat sources to the heating unit 200, the power generation unit 300, and the refrigeration unit 400, respectively.

It should be noted that, in order to realize the on-demand distribution of the heat sources of the heat supply unit 100 to the heating unit 200, the power generation unit 300, the refrigeration unit 400, and the heat exchange unit 500, heat source control auxiliary units are respectively provided on the heating unit 200, the power generation unit 300, the refrigeration unit 400, and the heat exchange unit 500. The waste heat recovery system distributes and adjusts heat sources entering the heating unit 200, the power generation unit 300, the refrigeration unit 400 and the heat exchange unit 500 through the heat source control auxiliary unit.

Hereinafter, the structure of the heat supply unit 100 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 and 2.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the heat supply unit 100 has a gas path 130 and a water path 140; wherein, the exhaust of the main machine 600 enters the air path 130 to exchange heat with the water path 140; the water circuit 140 absorbs heat energy of the exhaust gas of the main unit 600 to generate a hot fluid as the heat source. And, the heat supply unit 100 further has a bypass gas path 150, the exhaust gas of the main unit 600 enters the bypass gas path 150, and the bypass gas path 150 is used for shunting the exhaust gas of the main unit 600.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the waste heat recovery system includes a heat source transfer flow line 120, and the heat supply unit 100 provides the hot fluid to the heating unit 200, the power generation unit 300, and the refrigeration unit 400 through the heat source transfer flow line 120.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the waste heat recovery system further includes a return flow line 110, and the hot fluid returns to the water path 140 of the heating unit 100 through the return flow line 110 after providing heat energy to the heating unit 200, the power generation unit 300, and the refrigeration unit 400 through the heat source delivery flow line 120. Wherein the waterway 140 is fluidly connected to the return flow line 110 and the heat source delivery flow line 120.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the heating unit 100 includes a boiler 101, and the waterway 140 is disposed inside the boiler 101. Specifically, the boiler 101 has a first inlet 1011, a first outlet 1012, a second inlet 1013, and a second outlet 1014. The first inlet 1011 and the second outlet 1014 of the boiler 101 are located on the side of the return flow line 110, and the first outlet 1012 and the second inlet 1013 of the boiler 101 are located on the side of the heat source transfer flow line 120. Further, the boiler 101 is provided with the first inlet 1011 at one end side wall, the boiler 101 is provided with the first outlet 1012 at the other end side wall, the boiler 101 is provided with the second outlet 1014 at the top wall near the first inlet 1011, and the boiler 101 is provided with the second inlet 1013 at the bottom wall near the first outlet 1012.

Specifically, the second inlet 1013 of the boiler 101 is communicated with the main machine 600 through the gas path 130, and the second outlet 1014 of the boiler 101 is communicated with the main machine 600 through the bypass gas path 150; the return flow line 110 is respectively in fluid connection with the heating unit 200, the power generation unit 300, the refrigeration unit 400 and the heat exchange unit 500 through the first inlet 1011 of the boiler 101, and the heat source delivery flow line 120 is respectively in fluid connection with the heating unit 200, the power generation unit 300 and the refrigeration unit 400 through the first outlet 1012 of the boiler 101.

In order to realize the heat supply unit 100, the heat source, especially, the hot fluid with high temperature and high pressure can be obtained as the heat source, and the temperature and the flow rate of the hot fluid can be adjusted. Specifically, in order to control the main machine 600 to provide the exhaust gas of the main machine 600 from the second inlet 1013 to the boiler 101 and to control the hot fluid to be provided to the waterway 140, the heating unit 100 further includes an exhaust valve assembly 102, a bypass valve assembly 103, and a first pump body 104.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the exhaust valve assembly 102 is disposed upstream of the second inlet 1013, and the exhaust valve assembly 102 is used for controlling the exhaust of the main machine 600 into the boiler 101. The bypass valve assembly 103 is disposed between the second inlet 1013 and the second outlet 1014, and the bypass valve assembly 103 is used for controlling the exhaust of the main machine 600 to the outside of the boiler 101. In addition, the main unit 600 includes a turbocharger 601 and an engine 602, and the exhaust valve assembly 102 and the bypass valve assembly 103 are disposed downstream of the turbocharger 601. The first pump 104 is disposed upstream of the waterway 140 for controlling the supply of the hot fluid to the waterway 140, and the first pump 104 operates in a lower temperature environment, which can improve the reliability of the heating unit 100.

It should be noted that, the heat supply unit 100 exchanges heat between the exhaust gas of the host 600 and the hot fluid provided by the return flow line 110, so that the heat source delivery line 120 obtains the hot fluid as a heat source, and the hot fluid has a certain temperature and pressure, so that the waste heat recovery system has a more stable and flexible operation condition. The exhaust valve assembly 102 comprises a plurality of valves arranged in parallel to form a valve bank, and the bypass valve assembly 103 comprises a plurality of valves arranged in parallel to form a valve bank, so as to reduce the shutdown risk caused by valve failure, and prevent the equipment such as the boiler 101 from being damaged and directly influencing the waste heat recovery system.

In addition, the heating unit 100 further includes a water reservoir (not shown) disposed upstream of the first pump 104, the water reservoir being configured to contain the thermal fluid, and the first pump 104 being configured to supplement the thermal fluid contained in the water reservoir to the water circuit 140.

In the heat supply unit 100, the exhaust gas of the main unit 600 enters the gas path 130 to exchange heat with the water path 140, the water path 140 absorbs the heat energy exhausted by the main unit 600 to generate a hot fluid serving as the heat source, and the obtained hot fluid is output to the heat source conveying flow line 120, so that the waste heat recovery system has more stable and flexible operation conditions.

The structure of the heating unit 200 is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 3.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the heating unit 200 includes a first heat exchanger 201, a water storage tank 203, a water supply source 206, a first heat source distribution pipeline 810, a first liquid supply pipeline 210, a first liquid return pipeline 220, a user liquid return pipeline 230, and a heating water outlet pipe 240.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the hot side of the first heat exchanger 201 and the waterway 140 of the heat supply unit 100 form a fluid loop through the heat source delivery flow line 120 and the return flow line 110; the reservoir 203 forms a fluid circuit with the cold side of the first heat exchanger 201; the heating water outlet pipe 240 is arranged between the cold side outlet 2014 of the first heat exchanger and the water storage tank 203.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the heating unit 200 is fluidly connected to the return flow line 110 and the heat source transfer flow line 120 via the first heat source distribution line 810.

To achieve maximum heating efficiency, the first heat exchanger 201 is disposed on the first heat source distribution line 810, and the first heat exchanger 201 is fluidly connected to the return flow line 110 and the heat source transfer flow line 120 via the first heat source distribution line 810. Specifically, the hot side inlet 2011 of the first heat exchanger is disposed upstream of the first heat source distribution pipeline 810, and the hot side outlet 2012 of the first heat exchanger is disposed downstream of the first heat source distribution pipeline 810. Specifically, the hot side inlet 2011 of the first heat exchanger is fluidly connected with the heat source delivery flow line 120, and the hot side outlet 2012 of the first heat exchanger is fluidly connected with the return flow line 110.

In order to control the heat source delivery flow line 120 of the heat supply unit 100 to provide the hot fluid as a heat source to the heating unit 200, the heat source control auxiliary unit includes a first heat source distribution valve assembly 701, and the first heat source distribution valve assembly 701 is disposed on the first heat source distribution pipeline 810 and upstream of the first heat exchanger 201, that is, the first heat source distribution valve assembly 701 is disposed between the hot side inlet 2011 of the first heat exchanger and the heat source delivery flow line 120. The heating unit 200 directly exchanges heat with the hot fluid, i.e., the heat source, provided by the heat source conveying flow line 120 through the first heat exchanger 201, so that the highest efficiency can be achieved, and the overall recovery efficiency of the waste heat recovery system is further improved.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the cold side inlet 2013 of the first heat exchanger is fluidly connected to the outlet 2032 of the reservoir via the first supply line 210, and the cold side outlet 2014 of the first heat exchanger is fluidly connected to the inlet 2031 of the reservoir via the first return line 220; the cold side inlet 2013 of the first heat exchanger is fluidly connected to the water supply 206 via the user return line 230, and the cold side outlet 2014 of the first heat exchanger is fluidly connected to the water supply 206 via the heating outlet tube 240.

The reservoir 203 is used for buffering and storing water, and for ensuring that sufficient water is provided in the heating unit 200. The first heat exchanger 201 is used to exchange hot water of high temperature and high pressure generated from the boiler 101 with water to generate low pressure hot water, and to output the low pressure hot water from the cold side outlet 2014 of the first heat exchanger, and the low pressure hot water is also output to the water supply source 206 via the heating outlet pipe 240, and the low pressure hot water is directly used as domestic water for the water supply source 206.

Further, the reservoir 203 is equipped with a water replenishment port (not shown) that replenishes the heating unit 200 with water.

In order to realize that the heating unit 200 is in the normal operation mode, the heat source control auxiliary unit includes a second pump body 202, a first regulating valve 204, and a second regulating valve 205.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the second pump body 202 is disposed between the cold side inlet 2013 of the first heat exchanger and the outlet 2032 of the reservoir upstream of the cold side inlet 2013 of the first heat exchanger, and the second pump body 202 is also disposed on the first supply line 210. The second pump body 202 is used as a power source for conveying the water contained in the water storage tank 203 to the cold side inlet 2013 of the first heat exchanger under pressure, so that the cold side outlet 2014 of the first heat exchanger outputs the low-pressure hot water, the second pump body 202 circulates the low-pressure hot water in the heating unit 200, and the second pump body 202 is arranged upstream of the cold side inlet 2013 of the first heat exchanger, so that the second pump body 202 operates in a low-temperature environment, and long-term operation of the second pump body 202 is facilitated.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the first regulating valve 204 is disposed between the cold side outlet 2014 of the first heat exchanger and the inlet 2031 of the reservoir; and, the second regulating valve 205 is disposed between the cold side outlet 2014 of the first heat exchanger and the water supply source 206, and the second regulating valve 205 is disposed on the heating water outlet pipe 240; in this embodiment, the first regulating valve 204 and the second regulating valve 205 are both disposed downstream of the cold side outlet 2014 of the first heat exchanger, and are used for regulating and distributing the flow of the low-pressure hot water output from the cold side outlet 2014 of the first heat exchanger.

In this embodiment, the low pressure hot water has a temperature not exceeding 100 ℃ and is used as domestic water. The heating unit 200 has high thermal efficiency, so that the overall waste heat recovery efficiency of the waste heat recovery system is further improved.

The structure of the power generation unit 300 is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 4.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the power generation unit 300 is an organic rankine generator set, and the power generation unit 300 includes a first evaporator 302, a turbo expansion generator set 303, a first condenser 304, and an electric power supply terminal 305.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the hot fluid is returned to the waterway 140 of the heating unit 100 through the return flow line 110 after providing heat energy to the first evaporator 302 through the heat source delivery flow line 120.

Specifically, the air inlet 3031 of the turbine expansion generator set is communicated with the cold side outlet port 3023 of the first evaporator so as to convert the heat energy of the steam discharged from the cold side outlet port 3023 of the evaporator into electric energy; and the input port 3041 of the first condenser is communicated with the exhaust port 3032 of the turboexpansion generator set.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the power generation unit 300 is fluidly connected to the return flow line 110 and the heat source transfer flow line 120 of the heating unit 100 via the second heat source distribution pipeline 820. The first evaporator 302 is disposed on the second heat source distribution pipeline 820, and the first evaporator 302 is fluidly connected to the return flow line 110 and the heat source transfer flow line 120 via the second heat source distribution pipeline 820.

Specifically, the hot side inlet port 3021 of the first evaporator is disposed upstream of the second heat source distribution pipe 820, and the hot side outlet port 3022 of the first evaporator is disposed downstream of the second heat source distribution pipe 820. That is, the hot side inlet port 3021 of the first steam generator is fluidly connected to the heat source transfer flow line 120, and the hot side outlet port 3022 of the first steam generator is fluidly connected to the return flow line 110.

In order to realize the control of the heat source transport stream line 120 of the heat supply unit 100 to provide the hot fluid as the heat source to the power generation unit 300, the heat source control auxiliary unit includes a second heat source distribution valve assembly 702, and the second heat source distribution valve assembly 702 is disposed on the second heat source distribution pipeline 820 between the hot side inlet 3021 of the first evaporator and the heat source transport stream line 120.

In order to realize that the power generation unit 300 completes a closed cycle, the first evaporator 302, the turbo-expansion generator set 303 and the condenser 304 are sequentially connected end to end in a fluid manner.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the cold side inlet port 3024 of the first evaporator is fluidly connected to the output port 3042 of the first condenser through a first pipe 310, the cold side outlet port 3023 of the first evaporator is fluidly connected to the air inlet port 3031 of the turbo expansion generator set through a second pipe 320, the air outlet port 3032 of the turbo expansion generator set is fluidly connected to the input port 3041 of the first condenser through a third pipe 330, and the power output port 3033 of the turbo expansion generator set is electrically connected to the power supply port 305.

Specifically, in a complete cycle of the power generation unit 300, the first evaporator 302 is used for exchanging heat between the organic working fluid provided by the first pipeline 310 and the hot fluid to generate high-pressure superheated steam, and is used for delivering the high-pressure superheated steam from the cold-side outlet port 3023 of the first evaporator to the turbo-expansion generator set 303 through the second pipeline 320; the turbo-expansion generator set 303 generates electric energy by means of the high-pressure superheated steam rotating in the turbine, i.e., expanding work, and releases low-pressure superheated steam, the electric energy is used by the power supply end 305, and the low-pressure superheated steam is delivered to the input port 3041 of the first condenser through the third pipeline 330; the first condenser 304 is used for cooling the low-pressure superheated steam into the liquid organic working medium and then outputting the liquid organic working medium to the cold-side inlet port 3024 of the first evaporator.

In addition, a reservoir (not shown) is disposed on the first pipe 310 between the cold-side inlet port 3024 of the first evaporator and the output port 3042 of the first condenser, and the reservoir is used for accommodating the organic working medium in a liquid state, so as to increase the volume of the organic working medium in a liquid state in the power generation unit 300 and improve the reliability of the power generation unit 300.

Preferably, the turbine expansion power generation unit 303 includes a turbine (not numbered), and the turbine of the turbine expansion power generation unit 303 may be a high intake pressure turbine, and the turbine may be any one of a radial turbine, an axial flow turbine, a screw expander, and a centrifugal turbine. In addition, the turbine expansion generator set 303 further includes an electric power generator (not numbered) connected to the turbine.

In order to realize that the power generation unit 300 is in a normal operation mode, the heat source control auxiliary unit includes a pump group 301; the pump set 301 is disposed between the cold side inlet port 3024 of the first evaporator and the output port 3042 of the first condenser, the pump set 301 is disposed on the first pipeline 310, and the pump set 301 is configured to pressurize the liquid organic working medium and then deliver the pressurized organic working medium to the cold side inlet port 3024 of the first evaporator.

Further, in order to control the pressure and flow rate of the high-pressure superheated steam entering the turbo expansion power plant 303, a control valve (not shown) is provided upstream of the turbo expansion power plant 303 and in the turbine bypass line (not shown).

In the present application, the organic working medium in the power generation unit 300 is selected according to the kind of the hot fluid provided by the heat source transport flow line 120, so as to achieve the best efficiency. In the present application, the organic working fluid of the power generation unit 300 is preferably any one of R245fa, R134a, and R22.

In the application, the power generation unit 300 is simple in structure, and can realize high-efficiency power generation in a wider heat source temperature range by selecting different organic working media, so that the application range of the system is wider.

The structure of the refrigerating unit 400 is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 5.

As shown in fig. 5, the refrigeration unit 400 is an absorption refrigeration unit, and the refrigeration unit 400 includes a generator 401, a second condenser 402, a second evaporator 403, an absorber 404, a solution heat exchanger 405, and a cooling tower 406.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, after the thermal fluid provides thermal energy to the generator 401 through the heat source delivery flow line 120, the thermal fluid returns to the water path 140 of the heat supply unit 100 through the return flow line 110.

As shown in fig. 5, the generator 401 is fluidly connected to the return flow line 110 and the heat source delivery flow line 120 of the heat supply unit 100, so that the return flow line 110, the waterway 140, the heat source delivery flow line 120 and the generator 401 are sequentially and fluidly connected end to form a closed cycle.

Specifically, the second condenser 402 receives the first steam, cools and condenses the first steam to form condensed water, and conveys the condensed water to the second evaporator 403; the second evaporator 403 vaporizes the condensed water to produce a second steam; the absorber 404 receives the second working medium and the second steam, and is configured to mix and absorb the second working medium and the second steam to form the first working medium, and to return the first working medium to the generator 401.

More specifically, the refrigeration unit 400 is fluidly coupled to the return flow line 110 and the heat source transfer flow line 120 via the third heat source distribution line 830. The generator 401 is disposed on the third heat source distribution pipeline 830, the heat source input 4011 of the generator 401 is fluidly connected to the heat source delivery flowline 120, and the heat source output 4012 of the generator 401 is fluidly connected to the return flowline 110.

In order to control the heat source delivery flow line 120 to provide the hot fluid as a heat source for the refrigeration unit 400, a third source heat distribution valve assembly 703 is disposed on the third heat source distribution pipeline 830 and between the generator 401 and the heat source delivery flow line 120, and an opening degree of the third source heat distribution valve assembly 703 is used to control the heat source delivery flow line 120 to provide the hot fluid for the generator 401, so as to drive the refrigeration unit 400 to enter an operating mode.

As shown in fig. 5, in the refrigeration unit 400, the generator 401, the second condenser 402, the second evaporator 403, and the absorber 404 are sequentially and fluidly connected end to form a closed cycle, and the refrigeration unit 400 operates in the closed cycle.

In particular, a first output 4013 of said generator 401 is in fluid connection with a first input 4021 of said second condenser 402; a first output 4022 of the second condenser 402 is fluidly connected to a first input 4031 of the second evaporator 403 via a regulation line 420; a first output 4032 of the second evaporator 403 is fluidly connected to a first input 4041 of the absorber 404. Also, a second output 4014 of the generator 401 is fluidly connected to a second input 4042 of the absorber 404 via a first supply line 430. And, a first output 4043 of the absorber 404 is fluidly connected to a first input 4015 of the generator 401 via a second supply line 440.

As shown in fig. 5, the refrigeration unit 400 further includes a first supply line 430, a second supply line 440, and the solution heat exchanger 405. Specifically, the second output 4014 of the generator 401 is connected to the second input 4042 of the absorber 404 via a first supply line 430, and the first output 4043 of the absorber 404 is connected to the first input 4015 of the generator 401 via a second supply line 440. The solution heat exchanger 405 is disposed on the first supply line 430 and the second supply line 440, and specifically, the solution heat exchanger 405 is fluidly connected to the second output 4014 of the generator 401, the solution heat exchanger 405 is fluidly connected to the second input 4042 of the absorber 404, the solution heat exchanger 405 is fluidly connected to the first output 4043 of the absorber 404, and the solution heat exchanger 405 is fluidly connected to the first input 4015 of the generator 401. The solution heat exchanger 405 is used to regulate the temperature of the solution passing through the first supply line 430 and the second supply line 440.

Furthermore, the second condenser 402 is fluidly connected to the absorber 404 via the second output line 470, the absorber 404 is in communication with the second condenser 402 via the second input line 480, and the cooling tower 406 is disposed on the second output line 480 between the second condenser 402 and the absorber 404. The cooling tower 406 is used to contain cooling water.

Specifically, in a complete working cycle of the refrigeration unit 400, the generator 401 is configured to receive the hot fluid provided by the heat source delivery flow line 120 as a heat source, the generator 401 is configured to receive a first working medium, the first working medium exchanges heat with the hot fluid to generate a first steam and a second working medium, the first steam is delivered to the second condenser 402, and the second working medium is delivered to the absorber 404. The second condenser 402 is used for cooling and condensing the first steam to form condensed water, and the condensed water enters the second evaporator 403. The second evaporator 403 vaporizes the condensed water to generate a second vapor, and specifically, the second evaporator 403 is configured to rapidly expand and vaporize the condensed water provided by the second condenser 402 to generate the second vapor, so as to absorb heat of the refrigerant water contained in the second evaporator 403 during vaporization to achieve a cooling effect, and the second vapor flows into the absorber 404. The absorber 404 is configured to receive the second working medium and the second steam, and to mix and absorb the second working medium and the second steam to form the first working medium, and the first working medium is sent back to the generator 401 through the second supply pipe 440 and the solution heat exchanger 405.

To achieve the normal operation mode of the refrigeration unit 400, the heat source control auxiliary unit further includes a first regulating valve 407, a second regulating valve 410, a first pump 409, a second pump 409', a third pump 409 ", and a fourth pump 408.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the first regulating valve 407 is disposed on the regulating line 420 for controlling the second condenser 402 to provide the condensed water to the second evaporator 403.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the second regulating valve 410 is disposed on the first supply line 430, and is used for controlling the generator 401 to supply the second working fluid to the absorber 404, so as to preheat the first working fluid entering the generator 401 through the solution heat exchanger 405.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the first pump 409 is disposed on the second supply line 440 between the absorber 404 and the solution heat exchanger 405, and is used for controlling the absorber 404 to output the first working medium to the generator 401.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the fourth pump 408 is disposed on the second output pipe 470, and is used for controlling the cooling water contained in the cooling tower 406 to be delivered to the absorber 404 and the second condenser 402.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the second pump 409' is connected to the second evaporator 403 via a first self-circulation line 450 in a backflow manner, and is used for delivering the refrigerant water in the second evaporator 403 to a gaseous space to enhance the vaporization degree of the condensed water in the second evaporator 403.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the third pump 409 ″ mixes and back-connects the fluid flowing out of the second input port 4042 of the absorber and the second output port 4014 of the generator to the gaseous space of the absorber 404 through the second self-circulation line 460 to accelerate the absorption of the second vapor generated by the second evaporator 403 by the absorber 404.

Specifically, preferably, the first working medium is a low-concentration hydrogen bromide solution, the second working medium is a high-concentration hydrogen bromide solution, and the first steam is high-temperature steam; the second steam is low-temperature steam.

In this embodiment, the refrigeration unit 400 adopts a lithium bromide refrigeration principle, and under the same temperature condition, the greater the concentration of the lithium bromide solution, the stronger the moisture absorption capacity. Wherein, the lithium bromide is used as an absorbent, and the water is used as a refrigerant, thereby achieving better refrigeration effect.

The structure of the heat exchange unit 500 is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 6.

As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the heat exchange unit 500 includes a third heat exchanger 501 and a bypass flow line 840, and a hot side of the heat exchange unit 500 and the waterway 140 of the heat supply unit 100 form a fluid loop through the heat source delivery flow line 120, the bypass flow line 840 and the return flow line 110, so that cooling water exchanges heat with the hot fluid.

In order to achieve control of the heat source delivery flow line 120 of the heat supply unit 100 to provide the hot fluid as a heat source to the heat exchange unit 500, the heat source control auxiliary unit includes a bypass distribution valve assembly 704, and the bypass distribution valve assembly 704 is disposed on the bypass line 840 and upstream of the third heat exchanger 501. The bypass distribution valve assembly 704 ensures that the hot fluid is prevented from overheating when the heat source output by the heat source transfer flow line 120 is excessive or when the heat source does not need to be recovered.

The utility model provides a waste heat recovery system for exhaust to host computer 600 carries out waste heat recovery, adopts heating unit 200, power generation unit 300 and refrigeration unit 400 respectively with heating unit 100 fluid connection, realizes carrying out hot, electricity, cold joint supply to host computer 600; by arranging a first heat source distribution valve assembly 701 between the heating unit 200 and the heating unit 100, a second heat source distribution valve assembly 702 between the power generation unit 300 and the heating unit 100, and a third heat source distribution valve assembly 703 between the refrigeration unit 400 and the heating unit 100, heat source distribution is respectively performed on the heating unit 200, the power generation unit 300, and the refrigeration unit 400, so as to meet the requirements of the host 600 on different energy forms. The heat supply unit 100 absorbs the heat energy exhausted by the host 600 to respectively provide heat sources for the heating unit 200, the power generation unit 300 and the refrigeration unit 400, so that the waste heat recovery system has more stable and flexible operation conditions, and direct influence caused by equipment damage in the heat supply unit 100 is prevented; in addition, the refrigeration unit 400 also adopts a lithium bromide refrigeration principle, under the same temperature condition, the higher the concentration of the lithium bromide aqueous solution is, the stronger the capacity of absorbing moisture correspondingly is, the lithium bromide is used as an absorbent, the water is used as a refrigerant, and a better refrigeration effect can be achieved; the first heat exchanger 201 of the heating unit 200 directly exchanges heat with the hot fluid provided by the heat source conveying flow line 120, so that the highest heat efficiency can be achieved, and the overall efficiency of the waste heat recovery system is further improved; and, the power generation unit 300 has a simple structure, can realize high-efficiency power generation in a wider heat source temperature range by selecting different working media, and has a wider application range of the system. Therefore, the utility model discloses in the waste heat recovery system passes through heating unit 100 is right host computer 600 exhausts and carries out waste heat recovery to obtain the heat source of required specific requirement, and pass through heat the unit 200 the power generation unit 300 reaches refrigeration unit 400 accomplishes respectively and heats, makes electricity and refrigerated effect.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste heat recovery system for waste heat recovery of host exhaust, the waste heat recovery system comprising: the system comprises a heat supply unit, a heating unit, a power generation unit and a refrigeration unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the heat supply unit is in fluid connection with the host, and the host exhausts gas to enter the heat supply unit;

the heating unit, the power generation unit and the refrigeration unit are respectively in fluid connection with the heat supply unit; and the number of the first and second electrodes,

the heat supply unit absorbs the heat energy exhausted by the main machine so as to respectively provide heat sources for the heating unit, the power generation unit and the refrigeration unit; and the number of the first and second groups,

the heat supply unit is provided with a gas path and a water path; the main machine exhausts gas to enter the gas path so as to exchange heat with the water path; the waterway absorbs the heat energy of the exhaust gas of the host machine to generate hot fluid serving as the heat source.

2. The heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein the heat recovery system comprises a heat source delivery flow line, and the heating unit provides the thermal fluid to the heating unit, the power generation unit, and the refrigeration unit through the heat source delivery flow line.

3. The waste heat recovery system of claim 2, wherein the heat source delivery flow line is provided with a first source heat distribution valve assembly between the heating unit and the heating unit; a second source heat distribution valve assembly is arranged between the heat supply unit and the power generation unit by the heat source conveying streamline; and a third source heat distribution valve assembly is arranged between the heat supply unit and the refrigeration unit by the heat source conveying streamline.

4. The heat recovery system of claim 3, further comprising a return flow line, wherein the hot fluid is returned to the water path of the heating unit through the return flow line after providing heat energy to the heating unit, the power generation unit, and the refrigeration unit through the heat source delivery flow line, respectively.

5. The waste heat recovery system of claim 4, further comprising a bypass flow line and a heat exchange unit, wherein a hot side of the heat exchange unit and the water path of the heat supply unit form a fluid loop through the heat source delivery flow line, the bypass flow line and the return flow line.

6. The heat recovery system of claim 4, wherein the heating unit comprises:

the hot side of the first heat exchanger and the waterway of the heat supply unit form a fluid loop through the heat source conveying streamline and the backflow streamline; and the number of the first and second groups,

a reservoir forming a fluid loop with a cold side of the first heat exchanger; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

and a heating water outlet pipe is arranged between the cold side outlet of the first heat exchanger and the water storage tank.

7. The waste heat recovery system of claim 6 wherein the heating unit further comprises a water supply fluidly connected to the water reservoir to supply water to the water reservoir.

8. The heat recovery system of claim 4, wherein the power generation unit is an organic Rankine generator set, and wherein the power generation unit includes a first evaporator; and the hot fluid returns to the waterway of the heat supply unit through the return flow line after providing heat energy to the first evaporator through the heat source conveying flow line.

9. The heat recovery system of claim 8, wherein the power generation unit further comprises:

a turbine expansion generator set, an air inlet of the turbine expansion generator set being communicated with the cold side outlet of the first evaporator to convert thermal energy of the steam discharged from the cold side outlet of the first evaporator into electric energy; and the number of the first and second groups,

and the input port of the first condenser is communicated with the exhaust port of the turbo expansion generator set.

10. The heat recovery system of claim 4, wherein the refrigeration unit is an absorption refrigeration unit, and wherein the refrigeration unit includes a generator, and wherein the heated fluid is returned to the water circuit of the heating unit via the return flow line after providing heat energy to the generator via the heat source delivery flow line.

11. The heat recovery system of claim 10, wherein the generator is configured to receive a first working fluid, the first working fluid exchanging heat with the hot fluid to produce a first vapor and a second working fluid.

12. The heat recovery system of claim 11, wherein the first working medium is a low-concentration hydrogen bromide solution, the second working medium is a high-concentration hydrogen bromide solution, and the first steam is high-temperature steam.

13. The heat recovery system of claim 11, wherein the refrigeration unit further comprises a second condenser, a second evaporator, and an absorber; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the second condenser receives the first steam, cools and condenses the first steam to form condensed water, and conveys the condensed water to the second evaporator;

the second evaporator vaporizes the condensed water to produce a second vapor;

and the absorber receives the second working medium and the second steam, and is used for mixing and absorbing the second working medium and the second steam to form the first working medium and refluxing the first working medium to the generator.

14. The heat recovery system of claim 13, wherein the second steam is low temperature steam.